Table of Contents
22 August 1914
3
29 August 1914
31
5 September 1914
57
12 September 1914
85
19 September 1914
113
26 September 1914
141
3 October 1914
169
10 October 1914
201
17 October 1914
229
24 October 1914
257
31 October 1914
289
7 November 1914
317
14 November 1914
343
21 November 1914
371
28 November 1914
399
5 December 1914
427
12 December 1914
455
19 December 1914
481
26 December 1914
509
WHY BRITAIN WENT TO WAR! By h.g. wells rfglz
VOL , N„ , SPECIAL 8-pp. WAR MAP PORTFOLIO GIVEN FREE! itSwSftu
Plan and Purpose of -
THE WAR ILLUSTRATED
The need of the tragic hour calls forth this new periodical. It is designed to provide
during the continuance of the Great War a weekly record of the momentous events which are
to change the whole complexion of Europe and profoundly to affect all modern civilisation.
THE WAR ILLUSTRATED, while being a weekly news-picture review of the great happenings that
arc making these our days for ever memorable in the world’s history, also possesses the value of a permanent
record. " . .
The whole Press of our country to-day is showing true patriotism." There is everywhere an evident
desire to avoid sensationalism—a large sense of responsibility. Needless to say, THE WAR ILLUS¬
TRATED will seek to maintain the same high and serious note, while striving to be vividly interesting
in every page.
The best resources of modern journalism arc at its command—the camera of the war photographer,
the pencil of the trained war artist, the pen of the skilled writer, will fill its pages week by week with an
unrivalled budget of illustrations and letterpress.
No aspect of the awful struggle of military and naval giants will be omitted. The thrilling events
by land, sea and air, the dramatic changes in the lives of cities, the littl; tragedies of the domestic
hearth—all will be chronicled in the pages of THE WAR ILLUSTRATED with journalistic speed,
yet in such wise that the periodical when bound in volume form may serve as a living record of Europe’s
most tremendous war.
OUR DIARY OF THE WAR
June 28th.- — Assas-ination of Archduke Franz
Ferdinand and his wife.
July 23RD. —Austro-Hungarian ultimatum
to Scrvia.
Jui.y 27th.— S ir E. Grey proposes conference,
to which France and Italy agree.
July 28th. — Austria-Hungary declares war
against Scrvia.
July 2qth. —Tsar appeals to Kaiser to restrain
Austria.
J
Mr. Asquith appeals to all parties
to close the ranks.
July 31ST.— State of war declared in Germany.
London Stock Exchange closed until
further notice.
August ist. —Germany sends twelve hours’
ultimatum to Russia to stop mobilising,
declares war, and invades Luxemburg.
Mobilisation in Austria, France, Belgium,
and Holland.
Italy declares her neutrality.
Sir John French appointed Inspector-
General of the Forces.
British Naval Reserves called up.
Bank rate 10 per cent.
August 2nd. —German cruisers bombard
Libau and Bona.
August 3rd.—G ermany declares war against
1'ranee, and demands right to cross
Belgium.
German troops envelope Vise, and
their advance guard approaches Liege.
King Albert sends “supreme appeal”
to King George.
Sir Edward Grey’s great speech in the
Commons.
British naval mobilisation completed.
Moratorium Bill passed, and Bank
Holiday extended to August 7th.
August 4TH. —German array of 100,000 men
opens the attack on Liege.
German Reichstag authorises an extra¬
ordinary expenditure of £265,000,000.
Great Britain declares war on Germany.
British Army mobilisation begins, and
-Reserves and Territorials called up.
Mr. Asquith’s historic speech in the
Commons.
Admiral Sir John Jellicoe appointed
to supreme command of the Home Fleets.
The British Government takes control
of the railways.
August 5T11. —Battle afr Liege opens in force.
Lord Kitchener appointed War Minister.
Kocnigin Luise, German mine-layer,
sunk off Harwich.
British “ case ” published in White
Taper.
August 6th. —Battle at Liege still proceeding.
German attack slackened at night.
H. M.S. Amphion sunk in North Sea
by floating mine.
I. ord Kitchener asks for 500,000 recruits,
100,Ooo to be raised forthwith.
Vote of credit for £100,000,000 agreed
to by the Commons nem. con.
August 7th. —Germans refused armistice at
Liege.
Prince of Wales’ National Relief Fund
opened.
New £1 banknotes issued, and postal-
orders made legal tender.
August 8th. —French troops occupy Altkirch
and Mu!house.
German Togoland taken.
Help offered by British Oversea
Dominions.
Bank rate 5 per cent.
French and Belgian troops co-operating
in Belgian territory.
August qth. —German troops in Liege town.
Servians invade Bosnia.
Ausffla'serids troops to help Germans.'
- German- submarine -U-i5 - sunk by
H.M.S. Birmingham.
August ioth. —Diplomatic relations between
France and Austria broken off.
Austria and Montenegro at war.
Enrolment of first batch of 30,000
special constables for London area.
August util — Two million men reported
on verge of battle on Gennan-Belgiart
frontier.
August icth. — England and Austria at war:
German cruisers, Gocbea and Breslau,
enter Dardanelles.
Government Press Bureau announces
that “ movements of the British Army
and r of those of the nations with whhh
it is co-operating can naturally not be
divulged.”
August 13 th. — Great battle reported to have
begun on Belgian frontier.
Cavalry and artillery engaged within
forty miles of Brussels and along the
frontier between Belfort and Hassclt.
Battle of Haelen, between Liege and
Brussels, ends, according to the Belgian
War Office, “ all to the advantage of the
Belgian forces.”
Germans entrenching near Vise and at
Liege, and constructing batteries to the
north of Liege.
Swedish Rigsdag decides on an ex¬
penditure of £2,800,000 for defence
purposes.
Austrian-Lloyd steamer sunk by mine
in Adriatic.
>
August 14TH. —Two million Russian troops
reported to be on the German frontier^
two millions on the Austrian frontier,
half a million on the Turkish frontier,
and half a million on the Rumanian
frontier. >• »
French war credit of ,£40,000,000 autho¬
rised.
French troops in possession of ridge of
Vosges Mountains. 1
August 15 th. —The Prince of Wales’s National
Relief Fund reaches £1,000,000.
No. 2 of “ The War lllustrat:d " ready Thursday, 27th August Mahe sure of a copy by ordering it A OW.
The War Illustrated.
1
(From the painting by Norman Wilkinson.)
THE BRITISH DREADNOUGHT KING GEORGE V.
WHY BRITAIN WENT TO WAR
A clear Exposition of
what we are fighting for
Expressly written for “ THE WAR ILLUSTRATED ”
- By -
H. G. WELLS
Author of “ The War of the Worlds,
T HE cause of a war and the object of a war
are not necessarily the same. The cause
of this war is the invasion of Luxemburg
and Belgium. We declared war because we were
bound by treaty to declare war. We have been
pledged to protect the integrity of Belgium since the
kingdom of Belgium has existed. If the Germans had
not broken the guarantees they shared with us to
respect the neutrality of these little States we should
certainly not be at war at the present time. The
iortified eastern frontier of France could have been
held against any attack without any help from us.
We had no obligations and no interests there. We
were pledged to France simply to protect her from
a naval attack by sea, but the Germans had already
given us an undertaking not to make such an attack.
It was our Belgian treaty and the sudden outrage on
Luxemburg that precipitated us into this conflict.
No power in the world would have respected our Flag
or accepted our national word again if we had not
fought.
So much for the immediate cause of the war.
W E had to fight because our honour and
our pledge obliged us.
But now we come to the object of this war. We
began to fight because our honour and our pledge
obliged us ; but so soon as we are embarked upon the
fighting we have to ask ourselves what is the end at
which our fighting aims. We cannot simply put the
Germans back over the Belgian border and tell them
not to do it again. We find ourselves at war with
that huge military empire with which we have been
doing our best to keep the peace since first it rose upon
the ruins of French Imperialism in 1871. And war
is mortal conflict. We have now either to destroy
or be destroyed. We have not sought this reckoning,
we have done our utmost to avoid it; but now that it
has been forced upon us it is imperative that it should
be a thorough reckoning. This is a war that touches
every man and every home in each of the combatant
countries. It is a war, as Mr. Sidney Low has said,
not of soldiers but of whole peoples. And it is a war
that must be fought to such a finish that every man
in each of the nations engaged understands what has
happened. There can be no diplomatic settlement
that will leave German Imperialism free to explain
away its failure to its people and start new preparations.
We have to go on until we are absolutely done for, or
until the Germans as a people know that they are
beaten, and are convinced that they have had enough
of war.
The Wjp. Iu.fstrated. • Copyright
” “ The War in the Air,” etc., etc.
A
We are fighting Germany. But we arc fighting
without any hatred of the German people. We do
not intend to destroy either their freedom or their
unity. But we have to destroy an evil system of
government and the mental and material corruption that
has got hold of the German imagination and taken
possession of German life. We have to smash the
Prussian Imperialism as thoroughly as Germany in
1871 smashed the rotten Imperialism of Napoleon III.
And also we have to learn from the failure of that
victory to avoid a vindictive triumph.
DRUSSIAN Imperialism is an intolerable
nuisance in the earth.
This Prussian Imperialism has been for forty years
an intolerable nuisance in the earth. Ever since the
crushing of the French in 1871 the evil thing has grown
and cast its spreading shadow over Europe. Germany
has preached a propaganda of ruthless force and political
materialism to the whole uneasy world. “ Blood and
iron,” she boasted, was the cement of her unity, and
almost as openly the little, mean, aggressive statesmen
and professors who have guided her destinies to this
present conflict have professed cynicism and an utter
disregard of any ends but nationally selfish ends, as
though it were religion. Evil just as much as good may
be made into a Cant. Physical and moral brutality has
indeed become a cant in the German mind, and spread
from Germany throughout the world. I could wish it
were possible to say that English and American thought
had altogether escaped its corruption. But now at
last we shake ourselves free and turn upon this boasting
wickedness to rid the world of it. The whole world
is tired of it. And “ Gott ! Gott so perpetually
invoked — Gott indeed must be very tired of it.
A WAR to exorcise a world-madness and
end an age.
This is already the vastest war in history. It is war
not of nations, but of mankind. It is a war to exorcise
a world-madness and end an age.
And note how this Cant of public rottenness has had
its secret side. The man who preaches cynicism in his
own business transactions had better keep a detective
and a cash register for his clerks; and it is the most
natural thing in the world to find that this system, which
is outwardly vile, is also inwardly rotten. Beside the
Kaiser stands the firm of Krupp, a second head to the
State ; on the very steps of the throne is the armament
trust, that organised scoundrelism which has, in its
relentless propaganda for profit, mined all the security
of civilisation, brought up and dominated a Press, ruled
a national literature, and corrupted universities
in U.S.A.
2
BRITAIN’S FOREMOST MAN OF LETTERS TELLS OUR READERS WHAT WE ARE FIGHTING FOR
Consider what the Germans have been, and what the
Germans can be. Here is a race which lias for its chief
fault docility and a belief in teachers and rulers. For
the rest, as all who know it intimately, will testify, it is
the most amiable of peoples. It is naturally kindly,
comfort-loving, child-loving, musical, artistic, intelligent.
In countless respects German homes and towns and
countrysides are the most civilised in the world. But
these people did a little lose
their heads after the vic¬
tories of the sixties and
seventies, and there began a
propaganda of national
, vanity, and national ambi¬
tion. It was organised by
a stupidly forceful states¬
man, it was fostered by folly
upon the throne. It was
guarded from wholesome
criticism by an intolerant
censorship. It never gave
sanity a chance. A certain
patriotic sentimentality lent
itself only too readily to
the suggestion of the flat¬
terer, and so there grew up
this monstrous trade in
weapons. German patriot¬
ism became an “ interest,”
the greatest of the “ in¬
terests.” It developed a
vast advertisement propa¬
ganda. It subsidised Navy
Leagues and Aerial Leagues,
threatening the world. Man¬
kind, we saw too late, had
been guilty of an incalcul¬
able folly in permitting
private men to make a
profit out of the dreadful
preparations for war. But
the evil was started ; the
German imagination was
captured and enslaved. On
every other European
country that valued its
integrity there was thrust
the overwhelming necessity
to arm and drill — and still
to arm and drill. Money
was withdrawn from edu¬
cation, from social progress,
from business enterprise
and art and scientific re¬
search, and from every kind
of happiness; life was
drilled and darkened.
So that the harvest of
this darkness comes now
almost as a relief, and it is a
grim satisfaction in our discomforts that we can at last
look across the roar and torment of battlefields to the
possibility of an organised peace.
For this is now a war for peace.
It aims straight at disarmament. It aims at a settle¬
ment that shall stop this sort of thing for ever. Every
soldier who fights against Germany now is a crusader
against war. This, the greatest of all wars, is not just
another war—it is the last war! England, France, Italy,
Belgium, Spain, and all the little countries of Europe,
are heartily sick of war ; the Tsar has expressed a
passionate hatred of war ; the most of Asia is unwarlike ;
the United States has no illusions about war. And never
was war begun so joylessly, and never was war begun
with so grim a resolution. In England, France, Belgium,
Russia, there is no thought of glory.
We know we, face
unprecedented slaughter
and agonies; we know that
for neither side will there
be easy triumphs or pranc¬
ing victories. Already, after
a brief fortnight in that
warring sea of men, there
is famine as well as hideous
butchery, and soon there
must come disease.
Can it be otherwise ?
We face perhaps the
most awful winter that
mankind has ever faced.
But we English and our
allies, who did not seek
this catastrophe, face it
with anger and determina¬
tion rather than despair.
Through this war we have
to march, through pain,
through agonies of the
spirit worse than pain,
through seas of blood and
filth. We English have not
had things kept from us.
We know what war is;
we have no delusions. We
have read books that tell
us of the stench of battle¬
fields, and the nature of
wounds, books that Ger¬
many suppressed and hid
from her people. And we
face these horrors to make
an end of them.
There shall be no - more
Kaisers, there shall be no
more Krupps, we are re¬
solved. That foolery shall
end !
And not simply the pre¬
sent belligerents must come
into the settlement.
All America, Italy,
China, the Scandinavian
powers, must have a
voice in the final read¬
justment, and set their
hands to the ultimate
guarantees. I do not mean that they need fire a single
shot or load a single gun. But they must come in.
And in particular to the United States do we look to
play a part in that pacification of the world for which
our whole nation is working, and for which, by the
thousand, men in Belgium are now laying down their
lives.
H. G. WELLS.
The War Illustrated.
“God Save the King ! ”
Britain’s Sovereign in this Great Hour.
3
Britain Prepares Against the Teutonic Tyrant
Troops from Ireland. Detachment of the Royal Horse Artillery marching through Dublin.
Since the mobilisation order similar scenes have been witnessed in almost every town
in the United Kingdom.
Our handy-man Is ready!
T w t THe conta9,ous ® nt busiasm of our fighting men. Troops giving a rousing cheer before they left Derby.
■tHE TV Alt ILLUSTRATED.
4
1
Industrial England becomes an Armed Camp
Artillerymen of the Expeditionary Force at Aldershot, loading their
limbers with live shells.
A troop of soldiers, in marching order, threading the traffic of the
Thames Embankment. All last week London has resounded to
the tramp of her armed sons.
Territorials holding up a motor-car, as they guard an important
position on a country road.
The Guards marching past Buckingham Palace before setting out on active service.
5
[CViifral Press
The War Illustrated.
Historic Words of Europe’s Leaders z Great War
„ G GEORGE V. (To Admiral Jellicoe.) courage. Caesar said of your ancestors : ' Of all the peoples
At this grave moment in our national history I send of Gaul, the Belgians are the most brave.’ Glory to you,
alU - tluou 8 h y°« t° the officers and men of Army of the Belgian people ! Remember, men of
the Fleets of which you have assumed command, the assur- Flanders, the Battle of the Golden Spurs! And you,
ance of my confidence that under your direction they Walloons of Liege, who are at the place of honour at
will revive and renew the old - ..
[liccoi tl Press.
M. Poincare, President of France.
glories of the Royal Navy, and
prove once again the sure shield of
Britain and of her Empire in the
hour of trial.”.— August 4th.
SIR EDWARD GREY.
“ If in a crisis like this we run
away from those obligations of
honour and interest as regards the
Belgian Treaty, I doubt whether,
whatever material gain we might
have at the end, it would be of very
much value in face of the respect
that we should have lost.
In the whole of this terrible situation
the one bright spot is Ireland.”—
A ugust yd.
MR. H. H. ASQUITH.
"If I am asked what we are
fighting for, I can reply in two
sentences. In the first place, it is j
to fulfil a solemn international
obligation. Secondly, we are
fighting to vindicate the principle, which
in these days, when material force some¬
times seems to be the dominant
influence and factor in the develop¬
ment of 'mankind, that small nation¬
alities are not to be crushed,
in defiance of international
good faith .”—August 6 th.
Mr. JOHN REDMOND.
“ The Government can with¬
draw every one of their troops
from Ireland to-morrow with¬
out the slightest risk of dis¬
order. The Nationalist Volun¬
teers are in comradeship with
their friends in the North to
defend the coasts of Ireland.”
—A ugust yd.
PRESIDENT POINCARE.
In the war upon which
she is entering France will
have on her side that right
which no peoples, any more
than individuals, may despise
with impunity — the eternal w
moral power. She will be Sir Edward Grey, Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs.
heroically defended by all her sons.
present, remember the six hundred
men of Franchimont ! Soldiers!
I am leaving for Brussels to place
myself at your head.”— August 5 th.
GENERAL JOFFRE, FRENCH
COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF.
(To the People of Alsace.)
Children of Alsace ! After forty-
four years of sad waiting French sol¬
diers are treading once more the soil
of your noble country. They are
the first workers in the great work
of revenge. What emotion and what
pride for them 1 To complete this
work they are ready to sacrifice
their life. The French nation unani¬
mously spurs them on, and on the
folds of their flag are inscribed the
magical names of Right and Liberty.
Long live France 1 Long live
Alsace ! ”—A ugust 9 th.
(To Belgium.)
whose sacred union in face of
the enemy nothing can destroy, and
who to-day are fraternally ‘bound
together by the same indignation
against the aggressor, and by the
same patriotic faith. She represents
once more to-day before the world,
Liberty, Justice, and Reason. Plant
les coeurs, et vive la France ! ”—
August 4th.
KING ALBERT.
" Soldiers! Without the slightest
provocation from us a neighbour
haughty in its strength, has violated
Die territory of our fathers. Seeing
its independence threatened, the
nation trembled, and its children
sprang to the frontier. Valiant
soldiers of a sacred cause, I have
confidence in your tenacious
The War Illustrated.
Having been called upon by the most
ions aggression to fight against the
same adversary, your admirable sol¬
diers and those of France will bear
themselves in all circumstances as
true brothers under arms. Con¬
fident of the triumph of their
just cause, they will march to¬
gether to victory.” — August
nth.
FRANCIS JOSEPH, AUSTRIAN
EMPEROR.
‘In this solemn hour I am
fully conscious of the whole
significance of my resolve and
my responsibility before the
Almighty. I have examined and
weighed everything, and with a
serene conscience I set out on
the path to which my duty
points .”—July 29 th.
THE GERMAN EMPEROR.
" The sword is being forced
into our hand. 1 hope that
if at last my efforts to bring
our adversaries to see things in
vvm»am li., German Emperor.
their proper light, and to maintain
peace, do not succeed, we shall,
with God’s help, wield the sword in
such a way that we can sheath it
with honour .”—August 1 st.
HERR VON BETHMANN. HOLE-
WEG, GERMAN CHANCELLOR.
“We were compelled to override
the just protests of the Luxemburg
and Belgian Governments. The
wrong—I speak openly—that we
arc committing we will endeavour
to make good as soon as our military
goal has been reached. Anybody
who is threatened, as we are threat¬
ened, and is fighting for his highest
possessions, can have only one
thought-—how he is to hack bis way
through (tvie er sich durchhaut) 1 ” —
A ugust 4th. .
6
Britain’s New Army of Freedom
London recruits for the new
Since Oliver Cromwell, by
an appeal to the religious
spirit of the Puritans, created,
in his model army the finest
engine of war in the modern
world, our nation has never
responded so quickly and
sternly to an appeal from
a commander as it has done
to the call made by Lord
Kitchener for the immediate
creation of a new Army of
Freedom. Our forefathers
had to use the press-gangs,
and recruit from every prison
in the kingdom, in order to
win Trafalgar and Waterloo.
Hyde Park. Portrait of our new
i Newspaper Illustrations d* Bassano.
Now the flower of our young
manhood was seen last week
fighting in multitudes in
friendly fashion outside the
recruiting stations, in order
to win the honour of being
among the first to join the
new army. All told, the
British Empire has already
nearly one million men under
arms, and a million more will
surely come forth if they are
needed in the last and greatest
of wars for establishing peace
and free government through¬
out the world. Roll up 1
Roll up 1
army raised by Lord Kitchener, starting their first drill in
War Minister inset.
Eager to serve their King and country.
Recruits at Whitehall taking the oath.
How London at once responded to Lord Kitchener’s appeal. Scene at Scotland Yard, where a multitude of gallant young men
surged into the recruiting office from early morning to past midnight. [Sport <fc General.
1 The Wab Illustrated.
Tears and Laughter Mingle at Farewell
If there lias been sadness in the farewells between onr
soldiers and sailors and their families, mingled with it
have been manifest signs of the happy and courageous
spirit of men (and women) who mean to win through.
Tears and laughter have signalised the partings everywhere
■—on railway-station platforms, at the docks, in the barrack
squares, and along the highways and. byways of towns and
villages throughout the kingdom. But for the fact that
London has been full of soldiers, the scenes in the suburbs
would have excited great public curiosity. But the going
and coming of Reservists and Territorials since the mobilisa¬
tion have been so common in every street as to cause no
more excitement than the passing of the local policeman
on his beat.
A mother’s parting words to her sailor son.
Baby’s good-bye walk with father on the eve of war.
... Jolly Jack Tars—a souvenir photograph taken just before entraining for the port of embarkation.
I he War Illustrated.
8
Germany’s “War Lord” Dreams of Power
The War Lord of Germany watching his artillerymen shelling a position. An officer with glasses is studying the effect of the
shot. The Germans are showing themselves good gunners, but in the first great conflict the Belgian fire was deadlier than theirs.
Seizing a river—boat, a party of German cavalry cross a wide stream, holding up by their bridles the horses (hat swim
beside them. On the right are seen German troops detrained and marching to the vast battlefield. To prevent the scouts
of the allied armies from seeing from afar the gleam of the brass ornaments on the German helmets, these are hidden in
khaki covering. The new heavy boots of the German infantry are crippling them.
Light German cavalry conducting a reconnaissance. These mounted troops scatter in bands in front of an advancing
host of Teutons, and when threatened by the scouts of the allied forces they dismount and form a firing-line in front of
their horses. Hundreds of them surrendered without a fight around Liege, because they were weakened by want of food.
The War Illustrated.
9
A quiet scene after the tornado of battle before the forts and entrenchments of Liege. Some German cavalrymen are tending
their wounded comrades, rescued from the first unexpected disaster at the hands of the gallant Belgian forces under
General Leman.
Glimpses of the German Army in the Field
Eouth^f r*ican\nd ^usso-Ja'panese wars ** Thel™" °’ *" 1°^ The G ™ s > “ '• have not learnt the lessons of the
Germany Xrueoe mav ehanj. h« ‘ ! »o use their individuality in either attack or defence.
The Wab ll.LCSTRATED. ’ 9 her methods of war when she ie on the battlefield-a perilous procedure.
10
THE HERO OF BELGIUM
Lieutenant-General Leman,
the genius and hero of Liege,
who has completely upset the
battle plans of the German
War Lord, is the son of the
director of the Brussels Mili¬
tary School. He has inherited
his father’s talent for mathe¬
matics, and early in his career
he was marked out as one of
Belgium’s most promising
officers. His opportunity
came after the German at¬
tempt to bully France out of
Morocco, when all the other
nations of Europe began to
look to their defences, fearing
that the general struggle
would suddenly break out.
Promoted to a lieutenant-
generalship, Leman was en¬
trusted with the difficult task
of completing the forts at
Liege, a place which would
have to withstand the first
attack of the German host.
As planned by General
Brialmont, the defences of Liege had many weak spots, as
the place was first designed merely to delay the advance
of a hostile army for a day or two. The younger general set
to work to strengthen Liege, and made it—as even the
Germans now know—one of the most remarkable “ places
of arrest ” in Europe. By throwing into Liege a mobile
army at the outbreak of war, General Leman converted
his “ place of arrest ” into a temporary fortress town, on
which the finest German troops, outnumbering the Belgian
defenders by three to one, vainly dashed themselves.
The manner in which General Leman handled his compara¬
tively small body of mobile
troops, shifting them from
one open space between the
steel-capped forts to another,
proved that he was as mas¬
terly a commander on the
battlefield as he was in the
mathematical calculation of
defensive works.
During the terrible conflict
between the forts and the
mobile defence and the Ger¬
man army. General Leman
was discussing matters with
his staff, when a deafening
noise broke out in the street.
“ This row is unbearable,”
said one of the staff officers,
“ we cannot go on working
here.” He went to the door,
but as he opened it two
German officers and six pri¬
vates sprang forward, revol¬
vers in hand, and fired at the
general and his staff. Colonel
Marchand fell dead, and
the German assassins—it is
rumoured some of them had been working in disguise at
Liege as taxi-drivers—tried to push through the officers to
kill the commander. “ Quick ! Give me a revolver 1 ” said
the general. But one of his men, a fellow of gigantic size,
said : “ You must not risk your life, general.” “ I will 1
I must pass out 1 ” said the general. The big Belgian
soldier saw there was no more time for words. He picked
up his little general, hoisted him over the foundry wall,
and then ran out himself. The Germans were firing from
the windows at the Belgian commander, but the big soldier
pushed his chief into a foundry workshop and saved his life.
King Albert the Brave, the young leaertr of Belgium’s heroio army. [Kewspaper JUuitratwns.
The Wab Illustbated.
11
The Steel-Capped Forts of Liege in Action—
1 lie interest of the war so far has centred round L
f rench mobilisation was complete. They began their attack
on the morning of August ,| th, advancing in closely-knit
ranks against the forts and through the open spaces.
Under the fire of the Belgian guns and rifles, the Germans
Jell m heaps like haystacks, 1 he living rushing over the dead
and swelling the pile. In the afternoon the battle became
—Upsetting the Plan of the German Invaders
fiercer all along the line. In the trenches between the
torts the Belgians kept the enemy at fifty yards’ distance by
rifle fire, and then leaped upon him in a series of bayonet
charges and drove him from the field. The battle continued
during the night, and went on with unabated fury through
the whole of the next day. Vastly inferior in numbers to
the Germans, the Belgians charged, shot, struggled at hand
grips, shifting at times from one open space to another, under
the direction of their heroic commander, to meet the main
attack at different points. As night fell on this fearful day
the Germans’ fire slackened, and finally - stopped ; their
troops, sullen, weary, and starving, lay behind their dead.
The War Illustrated.
The Belgians’ Gallant Defence of Liege
5® ,9 J ?? ^♦hL ,erymen ® wee R in ° German troops off open ground between the forts of Liege. An officer on a ladder directs
the fire of the guns. Liege is only a place of arrest’’—designed to impede the march of a hostile force. To transform it into
a fortress, the Belgians had to throw 40,000 men into the passages between their domed forts.
An aviator flying over tho Meuse, above the surprising city of Liege. A German prisoner states that he saw, round Liege, several
of the aeroplanes of his own army destroyed by shrapnel shells from the Belgian guns.
Powers. Belgians who dashed in a
rn „ r _ ,n first great battle of the European war.
The War Illustrated.
14
War ’s G rim Realities as seen in Belgium
’ fu • .s ^?,V n J an cavalr ymen near Vise, on their way to attack that town. In the wayside house
on the right they killed a woman and twojmen who were said to have fired at them.
Early last week [the hospitals of Brussels received many
wounded from the front, although happily Belgian losses were
slight in comparison with the German.
f Xewspapors Illustrations.
French artillery hurrying up their heavy guns through Belgium
to resist the Germans in their attack between
Liege and Namur.
N °i« e m^X e ^ h » a !U h . e Kl * oldier husbands, the women of Belgium are bearing their part in the tremendous stand their country
is making against the German aggression. This photograph, taken only a few days ago, shows a crowd of soldiers’ wives *
outside one of the offices where relief funds are being distributed in the Belgian capital.
LVacspaper Illustrations.
35
f Xe tcspapcr III ust rat tons.
The War Illustrated.
I
€
In the Field with the Soldier Citizens of the New France
i
■C o
a Jr
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The War Illustrated.
How the French Soldiers Set Out for the Front
■Ca. Jh'fnifd? 6e
p&tsomeC'jcnt Mo&fts&i
Jieonmtm
<x\m ia <]£dam
Hi
With laughing faces and merry jssts, the pretty milliners’
assistants of Paris, the famous *' midinettes,” have said “ au
revoir ” to their friends, the keen young soldiers of the capital.
On some closed shops notices state that the owners have mobi-
37
lised, and will re-open “ after the Victory.” In the railway-
stations, such as the Qaro de Lyon, the infantry waited, cool
and tranquil, for trains to hurry them to the terrific struggle
on the frohtier^.
The War Illustrated.
First Encounter of Warship and Submarine
manoeuvred to cope with the strange, sudden peril. Then
H.M.S. Birmingham, while going at full speed, saw the peri¬
scope of a German submarine within the danger zone,. Our
gunners, instead of trying to hit the hidden vessel, shot at its
periscope and, with extraordinary accuracy of aim, smashed
the slender tube. The submarine was struck blind, and the
rest of the enemy’s flotilla fled for fear it might collide with
them. The Birmingham, with all guns ready, waited till
the sightless undersea boat came to the surface in order
to see. The conning-tower at last rose from the water, and
some of our sailors just had time to observe the distinguishing
number and letter of the submarine, when a shot, from one
of the British guns struck the base of the tower, and the
broken suDmarinc dropped through the waves like a stone.
The British Cruiser, H.M.S. Birmingham, that
destroyed the deadly submarine.
Until the outbreak of this war it was widely
believed, and even by one famous British
admiral, that the terrible submarine would
vanquish the super-Dreadnought. The “ dead¬
liest thing that keeps the seas ” was the pic¬
turesque phrase for the latest sea craft.
The mechanism of the powerful new sub¬
marine, with a range of action of 4,000 miles
is one of the most jealously guarded of Govern¬
ment secrets. The vessel is built in the form of
a great fish of metal. Upon its back is a small
platform, the deck, and rising from the deck is
a hump. This is the conning-tower of armoured
steel, lighted by special windows through which
the navigating officer can see his course when
the vessel is running half-submerged.
When the vessel is about to dive, the conning-
tower is closed, water is admitted into the
ballast tanks to lessen buoyancy, the oil engine
is switched off, and the propeller is driven by
an electric motor of 600 horse-power in the later
models. Compressed air supplies the breath of
life to the sunken crew, and provides the power
for discharging torpedoes.
Such is the wonderful mechanical fish, with
fighting men inside it, that was expected to alter
entirely the conditions of modern naval warfare.
On Sunday, August 9th, 1914, the matter was
decided in the first historic skirmish between the
British and German Navies. Our sailors saw-
some curious twinklings moving on the calm
surface ol the North Sea. The twinklings were
caused by the periscopes of hostile submarines.
The British cruiser squadron, pretending not it
to be aware of the danger, steamed almost into
the range of the submarines’ torpedoes, and
.Sectional view of a submarine, showing its chief features.
The War Illustrated.
U IS, the German submarine, blinded and sunk by a British gunner.
I Central Xeics.
13
Woman’s Healing Work Among the Wounded
Since Florence Nightingale,
with her knowledge, tender¬
ness, and high courage, went
to the battlefields of the
Crimea to tend our wounded
soldiers, the part that women
play in war has continued
to increase in importance.
The marvellous progress of
the civil ambulance organisa¬
tions in the large towns
throughout the Empire has
enabled thousands of women,
outside the hospitals in which
professional nurses are
trained, to become useful
in the first-aid treatment that
is of the highest value on
the field of war. Members
of the Red Cross societies
arc now training in camps
for active service. In most
Lsdy Tredegar’s yacht converted into a hospital ship.
cases, if a soldier’s wounds
are properly stanched and
dressed on the battlefield,
he will quickly recover; and
need practically nothing more
except a good bed and plenty
of good food. This rapid
and comparatively easy work
is well within the ability
of every woman who is
trained in first-aid treatment ;
but for the more difficult
work in the field hospitals
the experience and skill of
the professional nurse are
required. But both on the
field and in the general hos¬
pital, every woman used to
deal with street accidents
will be as serviceable to her
country as the soldier in the
firing-line.
Camp of Red Cross nurses at Newport, in the Isle of Wight.
Nurses leaving War Office for
active service. \J’"pitah
The War Illustrated.
Nursing staff from the London Hospital entraining for
Portsmouth Harbour.
V
19
The Coward Cruise of the Mighty
“ Goeben ”
The German Dreadnought Goeben, that came out to fight, with band playing, and slunk away under the Turkish flag.
Heavily armoured, with
ten 11 in, guns, twelve quick-
firers, and a speed of over
28 knots, the Goeben was,
till a few days ago, the best
man-of-war in the German
Navy. She was sent to the
Mediterranean with the
smaller ship, the Breslau,
which was the swiftest of
light cruisers under the Ger¬
man flag. These two superb
examples of Teutonic naval
construction were intended
to destroy the Anglo-French
commerce in the Mediter¬
ranean, and interrupt our
traffic with the Orient through
the Suez Canal.
They began their great
work by wasting ammunition
on the bombardment of Bona
and other towns on the
Algerian coast. A small
squadron of our vessels gave
chase, and the pride of the
German Navy and her consort
fled to Messina, on the strait
between the curve of Sicily
and the toe of Southern Italy.
Here a fine spectacular drama
was enacted that engaged the admiration of the entire
world. The captain of the Goeben was determined that
the first battle of the mighty modern German Navy should
be a lesson in high heroism to the hundred thousand
troops at Liege who were
faring so badly at the hands
of forty thousand Belgian
soldiers. The officers of the
two ships, it is said, made
Iheir wills, and solemnly en¬
trusted the documents to a
friendly consul. Then, with
their bands playing, the Ger¬
man crews steamed out to
meet the British ships in a
death-or-victory struggle. An
expectant world waited for
news of the splendid dramatic
battle ; but somehow the
German sailors put off the
day of conflict, and turned
full-steam up the Adriatic
with the intention of joining
the Austrian Navy. Austria,
however, at that time was
not at war with Britain, and
to save her own fleet from
attack, she refused to help
the wanderers. Again the
Goeben and Breslau set out
on their wild, zigzag voyage,
with British warships in pur¬
suit, and, seeking refuge in
the neutral waters of the Dar¬
danelles, they were sold to
the Turkish Government for the sum of ^3,800,000, and
have been added to the Turkish Navy under the
command of an English admiral! A great German nava'
victory would not wipe out this disgrace.
Types of German Sailors.
The German cruiser Breslau, that began the game of
The War Illustrated.
but fled from British warships.
20
Mine-Laying in the North Sea Causes First Losses
H.IVl.S. Lance, wh.cn ny remarkably quick, accurate fire,
sank the German mine—laying steamer.
Of all weapons of d e a,th used in modern, naval warfare,
the live ” floating contact mine is the most dangerous,
hoi- it imperils the peaceful merchant marine of every
na,tion plying over the seas in which it is used. A live
mine may drift with the tides hundreds of miles from the
scene of battle, and unless it is so constructed as to become
imcxplosive, it may wreck merchant ships after the
war has come to an end. The German
Government admits that their converted
liner, the Koenigin Luise, was intended
to lay her mines in the mouth of the
I hames and ' sow the chief English
commercial waterways with death.”
Iwo kinds of mines are now used in
naval war — one for defensive purposes,
another for offensive operations. The
defensive mine is employed by a country
in its own waters, and it is usually con¬
nected to the shore by an electric wire.
By means of this wire, it is fired when
the mine operator, sitting in a kind of
camera obscura, sees a hostile warship
sailing right over the spot where the ex¬
plosion of the hidden mine will put it
out of action.
1 he offensive contact mine, by means
oi which H.M.S. Amphion was sunk, is
a hollow metal case filled with a powerful
explosive, and left to float about the sea
like a sealed tin can. To prevent it being
visible, a rope is attached, and a weight
hung at the end of the rope. By adjust¬
ing the length of the rope, the mine can
be sunk to any required depth. In order
to make quite sure of the destruction of
hostile vessels in a mine field, it is usual
A German contact mine.
The Koenigin Luise, a converted liner, caught laying mines
and sent to the bottom of the North Sea.
to sink two of these floating contact mines, and then connect
them by means of a cable. Then, if the bows of any ship
strike against the cable, the cable will move forward under
the blow, and bring tire two mines against either side of the
hull, and there they will explode below the water-line a^ains*"
the most vulnerable part of the vessel. The firing device
consists of a senes of projecting rods round the top of the
“ l mine, which are variously known, as
strikers, horns, or whiskers. ’ When one of
these is driven in by contact with the bows
or side of a ship the detonating charge goes
off, and the terrific explosion takes place.
1 here are different arrangements by which
the duration of the explosive action of
a contact mine can be regulated. It can
be made to fill with water, and sink at a
given hour, or it can be made to rise to
the surface after a given period, so that
it can be recovered and used again.
A mine-searching flotilla now clears
the way for a fleet in action. The most
expensive way of clearing the waters
is to discharge counter-mines, and blow
up both hostile contact mines and hostile
mines under electric control. The usual
method, however, is to make a broad,
free path for an attacking fleet, by means
of a mine-sweeping flotilla. A pair of
destroyers steam slowly ahead, towing
a long heavy net in a sort of fishing opera¬
tion. The net generally catches the
mines under the bottom, and lifts them
up without exploding them, thus provid¬
ing the advancing fleet with deadly
machines .that can be used against the
enemy that first laid them.
The effect of a line of mines, laid by the enemy, being exploded by our fleet by counter-mining.
The War Illustrated.
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Along the Fighting Front of the Great War
High, wooded frontier lands of Alsace, seen from
the French side.
The Vosges country, wild, broken, and full of
cover, between the armies.
On the Ardennes—a lovely, quiet land of romance, with
its rounded, wooded, flowery hills, its grey, fantastic rocks,
flashing streams, and old-world towns and hamlets—all
the terrible forces of modern war have burst. The thing
at first seemed a nightmare. In the idyllic forest, fragrant
with memories of “As You Like It ” and " Love’s Labour’s
Lost,” where, as Byron, in his historic poem on Waterloo,
says, “ Ardcnne waves above her green leaves, dewy
with Nature’s teardrops as they pass,” two million troop's
were massed for conflict at the close of last week. They
were armed with picric [shells, bomb-dropping aeroplanes,
and far-ranging guns mighty in destruction.
The battle front stretched for 250 miles, from a spot
close to the field of Waterloo, in Belgium, to the lowest
point of . Alsace, where Belfort, the Gibraltar of eastern
France, guards the French flank. Never, in the authentic
records of history, has there been so stupendous a scene
of conflict.
The main forces of the German
invading host were reported to be
massed to the east of the River
Meuse, between Liege and Luxem¬
burg, ready to attempt either to
“ hack their way through ” Belgium,
or to break down the French
defences farther south. Some Ger¬
man army corps were entrenching
from Liege to the Dutch border, in
order to prevent a turning move¬
ment on their right flank.
The allied armies were awaiting
the terrific onslaught of the invaders
along a line from Liege to Namur.
At both these places a system of
steel-capped forts supported the de¬
fenders in their efforts of resistance.
Namur, equal to Liege as a delaying
fortress, and superior in defensive
position, was abundantly garri¬
soned, and supported by the allied
field troops.
It was expected that the massed
German troops, ready to be hurried
forward under the cover of tre¬
mendous siege guns, would fling
themselves through the gap, nearly
eighty miles wide, between Namur
in Belgium and Verdun in France.
This has always been the easiest
path of invasion into France, and
the French have covered it only by
small and weak defences at Mont-
medy and Mezieres. Again, there is
another gap of about thirty-five
miles farther to the south, between
Toul and Epinal. It is covered
only by the Moselle.
Both these gaps, however, were
specially left by General Sere do
Rivieres, who drew up the scheme
of defence that it has taken the
French forty years to work out.
They are designed as traps, with a
view to imposing certain routes on
the invader instead of allowing him
to choose his own paths. Germany
22
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First positions of the two million troops of the warring nations;
The War Illustrated.
Peaceful Scenes Where the Tide of Battle Rolls
Belfort, the Qibraltar of eastern France, that dominates
southern Alsace.
was so afraid of what would
happen if she walked into either
of the traps, that she dared the
hostility of Britain in an attempt
to obtain a third path of advance
through Belgium to Lille. But at
the end of last week it seemed
as though the brilliant, surprising
skill and fighting power of the
small army of Belgium had com¬
pelled Germany to take the path
fixed forty years before by
French strategists, for only the
two gaps below Namur and be¬
low Verdun remained open.
Meanwhile, the French airmen
watched the German preparations,
and the French commander accu¬
mulated army corps to parry the
expected blow. At each of the
gaps a French host was waiting
in prepared positions, while a fan
of scouting cavalrymen tested at
almost every point the spirit and
dash of the advanced bodies of
hostile horsemen. Then it was
expected that by a counter¬
stroke across the Alsace-Lorraine frontier, from Thionville to
Mulhouse, where the Germans appeared to be in relatively
weak force, large masses of French troops would relieve
the pressure on the allied armies fighting the main battle
between Namur and Verdun. This counterstrokc would
endanger the German line of communications.
But the chief tactical feature of the situation seemed
Namur, in Belgium, stronger, than Liege, on the main army
route into France.
IVIulhouse, the Alsatian
town, where Germans, Austrians, and French have fought.
to be the disadvantage at which the Germans were placed
by the magnificent work of the Liege forts, when advancing
through the rough, hilly, wooded country of the Ardennes.
The scanty population, the scarceness of railways, and
the damage done by the Belgians to all the lines of com-
municatioi, appeared to make the task of feeding the vast
German masses of men a matter of extraordinary difficulty.
Bitsch, a strong German fortress town cn the Alsatian frontier.
The War Ikcstrated.
si
THE TIDE OF WAR:
The Story of the Great
Conflict Told Week by Week.
CUROPE has been fearing and preparing for a general
1-1 war for the last five years. For the Treaty of Berlin,
on which the peace of the Continent was founded, was
suddenly torn up by Austria-Hungary and Germany in
1909, on the annexation of Bosnia-Herzegovina. This
was the opening move in a great scheme to absorb the
Balkans and establish a Teutonic Empire, stretching from
the North Sea to Constantinople, and across the Bosphorus
to the Persian Gulf. Ever since Austria in the seventeenth
century repulsed the Turks from Vienna, she has regarded
herself as heiress to all the Turkish dominions.
* * *
YY/I TEN, therefore, the great war broke out, we were
vv bound in honour to protect the northern coasts of
France from invasion ; and ancient treaties made us, in
self-interest and in honour, the protectors of the neutrality
of Belgium and Holland. So when, on August 3rd, a
hundred thousand German troops crossed the Belgian
frontier and advanced upon Liege, our Government sent an
ultimatum to Germany, and after a fine speech in the
House of Commons by Sir Edward Grey, all parties united
in a quiet, solemn resolution to enter into the Great War,
and help to free the world from the savage, dishonourable,
madly ambitious power of Prussian despotism.
CAN the other hand, since the days of Peter the Great
the Russians have looked on Constantinople, the
Holy City of their religion, as the future capital of their
Empire. But our Government has fought and schemed to
prevent both the Teuton and the Russian from succeeding
to the power of the Turks, and so dominating our interests
in the Mediterranean and our lines of communication with
India. This was one of the reasons for the extraordinary
efforts made by our Foreign Minister, Sir Edward Grey,
to prevent Russia and Austria joining in the war between
the Balkan States and Turkey. Our own vital self-interests,
as well as our passion for freedom, make us the protectors
of the little independent nations of Europe. The Teutons,
however, considered themselves superior in military power
to their opponents, and when they learnt some months ago
that France was improving her army by a three-year
system of service, and that Russia was turning her vast
masses of troops into marksmen, they resolved it was best
to strike suddenly while they had the apparent advantage.
* * *
THEY were casting about for an excuse for hostilities,
1 when, on June 28th, 1914, the Archduke Franz
Ferdinand and his wife were assassinated by a Bosnian Serb,
maddened by the annexation of his country. The
Foreign Minister, Count Forgacli—notorious for " forging
documents against the Serbs in the Agram trial—then
stated he had evidence that the assassination of the Arch¬
duke was engineered by Servian officials. On this un¬
trustworthy charge, the Austrian Government tried to rob
Servia of her independence, and thus obtain the road to
Salonica, which would give her the practical dominion of
the whole of the Balkans. Under the leadership of Britain,
all the disinterested Great Powers worked, quickly and
strongly, to maintain the peace of Europe. But, pushed
on by Germany, the Austrians declared war on Servia
on July 28th, and bombarded Belgrade. Russia, the
protector of the small Slav state, then had to sink peace¬
fully into the position of a beaten Power and watch the
Teuton Empire expand in overwhelming might or put
everything to the hazard of battle.
* * *
CAN July 30th she began to mobilise against Austria,
and the next day Germany started her armies in
motion by a declaration of a state of war. Her object
was to concentrate and sweep down and conquer France,
the ally of Russia, before any Russian counter-stroke could
be made in force. Up to this point the British Empire
did not seem to be vitally concerned in the awful conflict
into which millions of men were being driven by the lust
for dominion of the governing caste of the Teutonic races.
But the universal ambition of the Prussians, and especially
of their leader, Kaiser Wilhelm II., had led them to
attempt, among other things, to challenge our sea power,
and to refuse the repeated offers made by our Government
to stop the insane race for supremacy in naval armaments.
In order to obtain money for great social reforms, such as
the old-age pensions and national insurance against sick¬
ness, our Government had then entered into an under¬
standing with France for that country and Britain to
divide the work of meeting the naval menace of Germany.
France undertook to protect British and French interests
in the Mediterranean, and Britain undertook to mass her
main fleet for the protection of British and French interests
in the Channel and the North Sea.
The War Illustrated.
* * *
THE small democratic Belgian nation showed at the
beginning of the war how the spirit of freedom
can suddenly lift up a people to the heights of heroism.
Forty thousand Belgian troops, consisting of the 3rd
Division and the 15th Mixed Brigade, met in the passages
between the forts of Liege 100,000 German troops, consisting
of the 7th, 9th, and 10th Army Corps, under General
von Emmich. The Belgians were commanded by General
Leman, who had been working for some. years on the
fortifications of Liege. These the Germans thought they
would conquer in an hour and so be able to sweep past
them into France before the French mobilisation was com¬
plete. They began their attack on the morning of
August 4th, and the battle went on with unabated fury
for several days, as described elsewhere in our pages.
* V: *
LJAYING achieved his object of stopping the German
army, General Leman provisioned and garrisoned
the forts, and then withdrew the rest of his men to the
main body of the Belgian army that had now collected
in the west, awaiting the arrival of its allies. In the
meantime, the forts of Liege remained intact, stopping
the march of a million and a quarter German troops.
* * *
DY way of diversion General Joffre, the French com-
mander-in-chief, sent a division of his soldiers into Alsace
on August 9th. Finding an equal number of German
troops entrenched outside the town of Altkirch, the French
fixed their bayonets and took the position with the “ white
arm ” with the extraordinarily small loss of about a hundred
men. Then they advanced on the unfortified town of
Mulhouse, which they took and held until Austrian rein¬
forcements came to the help of the Germans.
* * *
AT the time of writing, over a million and a quarter
German troops were massed against an' equal or a
slightly inferior number of French and .Belgian troops
on a battle line stretching from Dicst, in Belgium, to
Belfort, in France. Large bodies of cavalry were scouting
and fighting in the open space between the entrenched
positions, with the object of finding a weak spot through
which the main advance could be made. At Haelen,
near Diest, a battle had taken place between the Belgians
and the Germans as the latter were trying to turn the
northern flank of the allied armies. The Belgians were
as victorious in the open field as they had been in the
trenches cf Liege. There was another engagement at
Eghezee, above Namur. In the meantime, the British
fleet, under Admiral Jellicoe, had won the most surprising
victory in the history of sea power. Without a blow,
save the repelling of an attack by a submarine flotilla
in which H.M.S. Birmingham sank the German submarine
U15, our ships, in less than a week, had effectually
strangled .the sea-borne commerce of Germany, thus in¬
flicting on that Power many of the consequences of a
naval defeat. The German Navy had not ventured on an
engagement of any magnitude, and our only damage
was the wreck of H.M.S. Amphion, by a floating mine,
on August 6th, against which was placed the destruction
of a German mine-laver, the Koenigin Luise, by British
gunners on August 5th.
24
ECHOES OF WAR
Items of Interest about the
Great Struggle and its Effects
“ High Commander on Sea and I.and and -of the Air ”
is given as the complete title of the Kaiser as War Lord.
* * * ,
In Marseilles before the war there were 150,000 Italians,
in the words quoted by a “ Westminster Gazette ” corres¬
pondent, “ all hopelessly intermarried with the French.”
* * *
The French Legion of Honour has been conferred on the
town of Liege.
* * *
The Paris Municipal Council has altered the name of the
“ Rue dc Berlin ” to “ Rue dc Liege,” and that of the
“ Avenue d’Allcmagnc ” to “ Avenue Jean Jaures,” says
a “ Standard ” correspondent.
* * *
Mrs. Collis, of Epsom, a soldier’s widow, has all her
seven-sons on active service—two Regulars, four Territorials,
and one Reservist.
* * *
Thirty thousand special constables arc being raised for
special duty in the Metropolitan Police area, of nearly 700
square miles, with Bow Street as the centre.
* * *
The German Secret Service before the war of 1870 had
36,000 emissaries in France. Since then the espionage
system has enormously extended in both 1 mice and the
United Kingdom.
* * sic
York Castle is being used as a plac: cf detention for
prisoners of war.
* * *
The Crystal Palace and park have
been offered to the War Office as a
temporary hospital.
* -Is *
The Alexandra Palace and grounds,
together with the race-course there, have
been taken over by the War Office.
* * *
Wives and families of soldiers and
sailors should apply, if in distress, to
the local representative of the Soldiers’
and Sailors’ Families’ Association, or to
the secretary of the Association, 23,
Queen Anne’s Gate, London.
* H= *
Sheepdogs and terriers, used by f'.t Belgian Army to
draw little carts filled with ammunition into the firing line,
have played a part in the fighting near Liege.
* * *
The forces in some famous battles were : Lide Burgas
(1912), 300,000 men ; Mukden 'T905), 701,000; Sedan
(1870), 234,000; Gravelotte (s.& 70), 301,000; Sadowa
(1866), 336,000 ; Waterloo (1813), 217,000 ; Leipzig (iSr3),
372,000.
* * *
Guns for the destruction aircraft have been mounted
on Cologne Cathedral.
* 4 *
The old belfry of Bruges is being used for garrison
purposes.
* * *
With the seizure of the German West African colony of
Togoland—her first colony—one of the largest wireless
stations in the world was acquired.
« * *
Many London omnibuses have been converted into
ambulances.
Albert Leman I.icgc Hopkins and Marie Alsace Lorraine
Lccomte are the names of two babies registered in London.
sjs »is He
Half a million bushels of oats for the Navy arid Army
have been offered by the Government of Alberta, Canada.
Canada is sending 20,000 men, Australia a like number,
while New Zealand and South Africa have offered help.
ili
The Canadian Government have placed two submarine
boats at the disposal of the Admiralty for general service.
* * *
The first German submarine (U15) destroyed in the war
was sunk by H.M.S. Birmingham. The “ U ” indicates
“ untersceboot.”
* * *
The Bishop of St. Asaph, who holds a captain’s com¬
mission, has volunteered for service.
* * £
About 1,000 drivers and conductors of the London
General Omnibus Company rejoined the Colours on mobilisa¬
tion.
* * *
The Royal Automobile Association has offered to, 000
motor-cars for Army service. ,
* £
The French Ministry of War is said to be considering
the publication of a newspaper giving soldiers authentic
news.
* * *
Mr. F. E. Smith, M.P., is chief of the British Press Bureau
for the distribution of official war news.
* * *
The Bishop of London, as chaplain, will serve with the
London Rifle Brigade for at least six weeks.
* * *
The military princes of India have placed the whole of
their resources at the disposal of the King.
* * *
Indian students at Cambridge have offered themselves
in a body for service.
* * *
The Archbishop of Canterbury has
offered Lambeth Palace for hospital
purposes.
* * *
On Sunday collections were taken in
every church in London for the Prince
of Wales’ War Relief Fund.
* * *
Ireland has more men in proportion to
population serving with the Colours than
any other part of the kingdom.
* * *
The total cost of the cruiser Amphion,
a German submarine mine, was
He * *
An Englishwoman married to a German takes her
husband’s nationality.
> * He
" Namur, 1693,” ' s second on the honours list of the
Grenadier Guards.
He He He
The first mail from the First Battle Squadron was headed
simply “ At Sea.”
He He He
The number of British submarines in commission in home
waters is 60 ; Germany is'supposed to have 36 available,
with headquarters at Kiel.
* He He
Services of intercession for those at the front arc being
held, at St, Paul’s Cathedral at 1.15 .every day except
Sunday.
He He He
The Admiralty have attached 1,200 Boy Scouts to the
troops guarding the east coast, and the Chief Scout is
with them. Three thousand other Scouts are watching the
telephones and telegraph lines, while the War Office is
using 100 as special messengers. Many Scout cyclists are
also on duty.
* * *
A motor-cyclist at Whitburn, neat Sunderland; who
ignored a sentry’s challenge during the night, was brought
down by a bullet through the right side.
The War Illustrated,
< Next Thursday
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'
—
The War Illustrated, 29 th August, 1914
THE RALLY OF THE EMPIRE
Sze
By SIR GILBERT PARKER, M.P. Page 26
The German infantry do not determinedly face the bayonet.”
VOL. I., No. 2.
(Official.)
Week ending
29 August, 1914
The Lion Mound on the battlefield of Waterloo -Belgian scouts on the qui vive.
OUR
June sStii.—A ssassination of Archduke Franz
Ferdinand and his wife at Sarajevo.
July 23RD.—Austro-Hungarian ultimatum to
Servia.
July 24TH. —The Russian Cabinet considers
Austrian action a challenge to Russia.
July 27111.—Sir E. Grey proposes conference,
to which France and Italy agree.
July 28th. —Austria-Hungary declares war
against Servia.
July 29TH. —Austrians bombard Belgrade.
Tsar appeals to Kaiser to restrain
Austria.
July 30TH. —Russia mobilises sixteen army
corps.
Mr. Asquith appeals to all parties to
close the ranks.
July 31ST.—State of war declared in Germany.
General mobilisation ordered in Russia.
London Stock Exchange closed until
further notice.
August ist. —Germany sends twelve hours’
ultimatum to Russia to stop mobilising,
declares war, and invades Luxemburg.
Mobilisation in Austria, France,
Belgium, and Holland.
Italy declares her neutrality.
Sir John French appointed Inspector-
General of the Forces.
British Naval Reserves called up.
Bank rate 10 per cent. .
August 2nd. —German cruisers bombard
Libau and Bona. British ships seized
at Kiel.
Outpost fighting on Russian and
French frontiers of Germany.
August 3RD.—Germany declares war against
France, and demands right to cross
Belgium, regardless of treaty.
German troops envelop Vise and their
advance guard approaches Liege.
German Navy captures Aland Islands.
King Albert sends “ supreme appeal ”
to King George.
Sir Edward Grey’s great speech in the
Commons.
British naval mobilisation completed.
-Moratorium Bill passed, and Bank
Holiday extended to August 7th.
August 4TH. —German troops open the
attack on Liege.
German Reichstag authorises an extra¬
ordinary expenditure of £265,000,000.
Great Britain declares war on Germany.
British Army mobilisation begins, and
Reserves and Territorials are called up.
Mr. Asquith’s historic speech in the
Commons.
DIARY OF THE
Admiral Sir John Jellicoe appointed
to supreme command of the Home Fleets.
The British Government takes control
of the railways.
August 5th. —Fierce fighting at Liege. Lord
Kitchener appointed War Minister.
Koenigin Luise, German mine-layer,
sunk off Harwich by H.M.S. Lance.
British “ case ” published in White
Paper.
August 6th.— Battle of Liege still proceeding.
German attack slackened at night:
H.M.S. Amphion sunk in North Sea by
floating mine ; 131 lives lost.
Lord Kitchener asks for 500,000 re¬
el nits, 100,000 to be raised forthwith.
Vote of credit for £100,000,000 agreed
to by the Commons nem. con.
August 7th. —Germans refused armistice at
Liege.
Prince of Wales’s Natidhal Relief Fund
opened.
New £1 and 10s. banknotes issued, and
postal-orders made legal tender.
August 8th. — French troops occupy Altkirch
and Mulhousc.
German Togoland taken.
Help offered by British Overseas
Dominions.
Bank rate 5 per cent.
French and Belgian troops co-operating
in Belgian territory.
August 9T11. — German troops in Liege town.
Servians invade Bosnia.
Austria sends troops to help Germans.
German submarine U15 sunk by
H.M.S. Birmingham.
August iotii. —Diplomatic relations between
France and Austria broken off.
French fall back from reconnaissance
in Mulhouse, but take up passes in the
Vosges.
Austria and Montenegro at war.
Enrolment of first batch of 30,000
special constables for London area.
August iitii. —German concentration on
Metz-Liege line.
Russian troops drive back Austrian
outposts in Styr Valley.
2,000 German spies reported to have
been arrested in Belgium.
August 12T11.—England and Austria at war.
German cruisers Goeben and Breslau
enter Dardanelles, and are purchased by
Turkey.
August ijrii.—Battle of Haclen, between
Liege and Brussels, ends, according to
the Belgian War Office, “ all to the ad¬
vantage of the Belgian forces.”
WAR
Swedish Rigsdag decides on an ex¬
penditure of £2, 800 ,000 for defence
purposes.
Austrian-Lloyd steamer sunk by mine
in Adriatic.
German “ official ” news first sent to
London by wireless.
German steamer captured on Lake
Nyassa.
August 14TH.—Two million Russian troops
reported to be on the German frontier, ,
two millions on the Austrian frontier,
half a million on file Turkish frontier,
and half a million on the Roumanian
frontier.
French war credit of £40,000,000
authorised.
General Von Emmich, German com¬
mander at Liege, reported dead.
August isth. — The Prince of Wales's National
Relief Fund reaches £1,000,000.
British Press Bureau issues warning
against alarmist rumours.
Taveta, British East Africa, occupied
by Germans.
August i6tH. —French drive Germans back
at Dinant.
Tsar promises home rule to a re-united
Poland.
August i7th. —It is reported officially that
the British Expeditionary Force has
landed safely in France.
Belgian Government removes from
Brussels to Antwerp.
Japan asks Germany to remove her
warships from Japanese and Chinese
waters, and to evacuate Kiao-chau by
August 23rd.
French Fleet sinks small Austrian
cruiser in the Adriatic.
Austrian torpedo-boat sunk by mine.
Tsar and Tsaritsa enthusiastically
welcomed in Moscow.
August iStii. —Desultory fighting in North Sea.
I'rench advance in Alsace-Lorraine.
August iqth. —German advance on line
between Diest and Luxemburg; Louvain
occupied. ,
August 20th. —Abandoned for strategical
reasons, Brussels is formally entered
by the Germans.
The French retake Mulhouse.
August 2 ist. —German war levies of
£8,000,000 on Brussels and £2,400,000
on province of Liege.
British loan of £10,000,000 to Belgium
announced. -
Partial investment of Namur.
August 22Nd. —War Relief Fund, £1,450,000.
.— - A NOTE BY THE EDITOR.-———--
THE reception of The War Illustrate has exceeded incomparably the most widely circulated of all the pictorial
1 anything anticipated by its publishers. For a whole records of the progress of the war.
week four huge rotary presses have been going day and It is no mere budget of photographs jumbled together
night without being able to print more copies than the without thought or discretion, but a carefully planned
public was ready to purchase, and only the need to go to weekly review of events, and competent writers co-operate
press with No. 2 brought the printing of No. 1 to an end. with its war photographers to make the weekly issue a
There is every sign that The War Illustrated is to be finished product of illustrated journalism.
The Wae Illustrated. ii 29 th August, 1914 .
'
L
r
1 A WEEKLY PICTURE-RECORD OF EVENTS BY LAND, SEA AND AIR MSM"?
“ HAVE YOU SEEN ANY GERMANS PASS THIS WAY ? ”
A unique war photograph taken last week on a Belgian highway. It shows a scouting party of French dragoons who are
endeavouring to get into touch with the German Uhlans.
25
Antwerp—Belgium’s Last and Mightiest Stronghold
rbN tlie defences of Antwerp—the
old picturesque Flemish port
by the River Scheldt—the great
Belgian fortress-builder. General
Brialmont, exerted all his genius.
Liege and Namur were designed by
him only as delaying points, in¬
tended to impede the march of the
Germans for a few days.
Antwerp he made a complete
stronghold, built to last for a year
against the most powerful of
modem siege-guns. The forts are
so placed that their guns can sweep
an attacking army on all sides
with an unceasing tempest of burst¬
ing shrapnel.
There is, at need, room for all
the soldiers of Belgium within
the defences; and the Belgians
long ago resolved to make their
last heroic stand against an invader
in this great, important seaport.
The famous Gothic cathedral of Antwerp.
But after the Allies reinforced
them and the new strategical!
positions were taken up, Antwerp
became the fortressed edge of
the left wing of the enormous
battle front extending to
Switzerland.
Then, having for fifteen days
covered the movements of the |
French armies, the Belgian troops
withdrew to their formidable en¬
trenched camp of Antwerp, this
serving as a base of operations from
which they could threaten the flank
of the German host, and co-operate
in the movements of the allied
armies.
Antwerp itself is one of the most
beautiful ports in Europe—full of
tall, quaint, old, glorious gabled
houses, and churches with altar
pictures by Rubens, Van Dyck,
and Jordaens.
FLUSHING
r^ft.Coppellen
ft Schooren
OW ft.Liefkenshoel
ft. Merxen
Ft.la P&r/e
<b^f£.St.Philippe
'schooten
CANAL
rt.St Marie
CAL LOO
AfJSTffOWCEL,
>' Ft' ■
Isaoelte,
ZW/NDRECHE
WdEurne.
:Zwyndreeht
i BURGhTjS?
fl.truyoeke.
RAIL WA y
HOBOKEN
WILRYCK
The immense fortress town, with a triple belt of forts, where the Belgians prepared for their last heroic stand.
Red War Among the Golden Cornfields
Fighting amid the harvest. The Belgians bind their black helmets with wheat-stalks to escape notice till they fire.
Sowing death amid the gathered corn.
Smudging signpost to confuse Germans.
]
The victorious Belgian infantry resting by the battlefield after their amazing
29 th August, 1914 . 29
success at Haelen.
The War Illustrated.
Belgian Rear-guard Covering Retirement
A GAIN the field force that beat the Germans out of the
passages between the Liege forts have shown with what
heroism they fight. They had begged to be sent back to
Liege. This could not be done; but at Aerschot and
Louvain, on August 19th, they met the main front of the
huge Teutonic battle power, and held it at bay, while the
Belgian Army was retiring on Antwerp.
The magnificent rear-guard action opened with a terrific
rain of shrapnel from the massed German artillery. Then
the Germans, outnumbering the Belgians by ten to one,;
swept down on the trenches. To cover the Belgian retreat
on the right flank, 288 men faced the mighty German'
hosts. They saved the position, but only seven of them
returned.
Stubborn Belgian fighters holding up the Qerman advance while the main body of the Belgians was retiring on Antwerp.
Watching on the outskirts of Louvain for the advance guard of the great German Army.
The Wae Illustbated,
view ox me tseig
'CAM I V CA I •
acnon at me point illustrated in
30
vvp piuiu
29 th August, 1914 .
How Brussels Prepared to Succour the Wounded
(''AY, bright, picturesque Brussels has
bravely, generously prepared for the
greater Waterloo. The Government has
been shifted to Antwerp, and the unfortified
capital has opened to the enemy without a
struggle. It had become a city of hospitals.
King Albert gave his splendid palace for.
hospital work, and big hotel-keepers and
large shop-owners turned their buildings into
Red Cross institutions. On the shuttered
windows of the Bon Marche the Red Cross
was marked to protect the rooms from shot
and shell should a battle rage in the streets.
It was to avoid this that the militia was
withdrawn.
Ball-room in the King’s Palace being prepared for hospital work.
The Bon Marche shops as Red Cross hospital—windows marked.
The War Illustrated.
A bed-room in the Royal Palace Hotel, ready for the wounded.
31
29 th August, 1914 .
Belgians’ Pitiable Flight before the Invaders
All roads round Brussels were crowded, like this, with fleeing people,
A sad scene of refugees on the road from Malines. (Inset: Fleeing families from outlying villages.)
'*1
jjm
*■
<
a ;l
. f r ‘
. ~A
Tired, hungry children resting in the hedge during the
29 th August, 1914 .
The War Illustrated.
flight from the barbarous Teuton.
A house at Haelen after the German raiders had been beaten back.
33
The War Illustrated.
29 th August, 1914
The Wake of Ruin Behind the German Advance
CENT into Belgium in tlic confidence of an
instant, easy victory, and provided with'
no food in case of an unsuccessful attack,
the first German army of roo.ooo men, under
General Von F.mmich, has left a terrible trail
of ruin behind it. Happy villages have bepn
turned into smoking, roofless ruins, farm¬
houses are now burnt and blackened wrecks,
with only the bare walls, and everything has
gone—horses, forage, cattle, and crops.
Every raiding troop of Uhlans seems to
have been bent on avenging on the peaceful
non-combatant peasantry the continual
series of unexpected checks they received
at the hands of the soldiers. From Vise
to Diest, along the Meuse and in the woods
of the Ardennes, the German has left behind
him strange, plain testimony of his boasted
culture and his regard for the international
rights of non-combatants.
A burnt, despoiled farmhouse near Liege after the famished Germans had
passed by.
The rear of the German Army leaving Mouland burnt and sacked.
The Terror let loose on the Fair Land of Belgium
A MONTH ago Belgium was a land of lovely, dreamlike
towns, smiling fields of harvest, and busy, industrial
centres. Now many of her bravest sons lie in huddled
heaps amid the ungathered corn, amid the burnt ruins of
villages, with their faithful horses stretched in death beside
them. And this horrible thing has happened because the
Belgians put their national honour above bribery, because
they stood out against the mendacious, ferocious savages ot
Prussia, for the sanctity of treaties .on which civilisation
depends.
If anything more were needed to nerve the young men of
the Empire to fight to the death against Germanic
barbarism and tyranny, .the sight of these dead heroes
should alone suffice.
The fallen, heroic sons of Belgium and their dead chargers on the battlefield.
i ne railway from Landen to ot.
The War Illustrated.
<*roud, destroyed by the Belgians to hinder the German advance.
29 th August, 1914 .
WITH THE BRITISH ARMY IN FRANCE
^IIK illustrations in this and the four following pages
touch one of the most remarkable events in the whole
range of British history—the landing of the British
Expeditionary Army on the shores of France to join its
forces with those of our cross-Channel Allies in the
supreme effort to rid Europe for ever of the evil root of
armed insolence.
Little more than a century ago the great Napoleon was
wont to pace the sands near that same French port, musing
on the possibility of striking a blow at England from that
base, and watchers of our coasts were on the look-out for a
new armada that never came into being!
Napoleon never dreamed of such monster masses of
men as shall decide the new Waterloo, and whatever
part the fine British army that went so silently from our
shores to those of France may be called upon to play in that
mighty struggle, we may rest assured they will honour the
tradition created for British arms on the fields of Belgium
by Marlborough and Wellington.
The Wab Illustrated.
29 th August, 1914 .
Scotland and France were ancient allies, and the coming of the Scots to Boulogne with the British Expeditionary Force was a
thrilling moment for the French onlookers.
(Photo,
Doimey.
“You are leaving home to fight for the safety and the honour of my Empire.
“Belgium, which country we are pledged to defend, has been attacked, and France
is about to be invaded by the same powerful foe.
“ I have implicit confidence in you, my soldiers. Duty is your watchword, and X
know your duty will be'nobly done.
“ I shall follow your every movement with deepest interest, and mark with eager
satisfaction your daily progress. Indeed, your welfare will never be absent from
my thoughts.
“ I pray God to bless you and guard you and bring you back victorious.’’
Artillery, with guns and horses, passing through Boulogne.
29 th August, 1914 .
The British Army on the way to the War—I
King George’s Message to the Expeditionary Army
British Expeditionary Force disembarking at Boulogne.
The War Illustrated
low the Expeditionary Force landed in France
(Phot »,
If an nano.
Lord Kitchener’s Counsel to the British Soldier
“ Remember that the honour of the British Army depends on your individual
conduct.
“It will be your duty not only to set an example of discipline and perfect steadiness
under fire, but also to maintain the most friendly relations with those whom you are
helping in this trouble.
“ The operations in which you are engaged will, for the most part, take place in a
friendly country, and you can do your own country no better service than in showing
yourself in France and Belgium in the true character of a British soldier.
“Be invariably courteous, considerate, and kind. Never do anything likely to injure
or destroy property, and always look upon looting as a disgraceful act.
“Your duty cannot be done unless your health is sound. So keep constantly on
your guard against any excesses.”
Pontoon section of British Engineers disembarked on the quay at Boulogne.
The “Entente Cordiale” in being—British and French soldiers together at Boulogne.
The War Illustrated.
37
29th August, 1914.
An Historic Moment-—General French Lands at Boulogne
Horses as well as men look very fit after their sea-passage. Inset: The British Field-Marshal acknowledges the welcome on the quay.
British gunners ashore at Boulogne, ready for the land journey.
The Wae Illusieated. 38
Scots and French soldiers compare notes.
29 th August, 1914 .
Some Camera Pictures of British Soldiers on French Soil
Getting forward with the guns.
A halt by the wayside.
39
29 th August, 1914 .
French soldiers of the Line watching the arrival of their British allies.
The War Illustrated.
United Ireland—A New Source of Strength to the Empire
Blessing the Colours of the South Belfast Regiment of Ulster Volunteers before the mobilisation
■THE Kaiser has done one fine, great tiling, seemingly
beyond the power of any other man to accomplish.
He has cemented Ireland to the rest of the Empire, in a
bond as firm as that by which Scotland and England are
joined. Whatever arrangement Sir Edward Carson and
Mr. John Redmond may come to, one thing is certain—
what Queen Elizabeth, Cromwell, and Pitt could not do,
the German Emperor, without meaning it, has done. It
is " a day to live for,” said Mr. Redmond, when presenting
colours to the Maryborough Corps of the Irish Nationalist
Volunteers. “ You, the sons and grandsons of the men
who were shot down for daring to arm themselves, ought
to be proud of the fact that you have lived to see the day
when, with the goodwill of the democracy of England, you
are arming yourselves in the light of Heaven, and when in
all your actions you can feel that you have at your back
and on your side the sympathy of every nation in the world,
and the goodwill at long last, thanks be to God, of the
people of Great Britain.”
“Namur” on the Banners of the Royal Irish
Earlier in the month, Mr. Redmond, by a brief, inspired,
loyal speech at the critical moment in Parliament, showed
the intriguing, over-confident Prussian that it was an ill
thing for strangers to interfere amid a quarrel of kinsmen.
His action made the United Kingdom truly united for the
first time in history.
Irishmen of both parties will fight for France and
Belgium as passionately as they would for Ireland. The
Royal Irish Regiment had “ Namur" inscribed on its
colours in the seventeenth century ; and now the Gaels of
Erin and Caledonia are again fighting side by side for the
freedom and peace of Europe near the old glorious
battlefields.
Mr. John
The War Illustrated.
Redmond presenting Colours to the Maryborough Corps of the Nationalist Volunteers.
40 29 th August, 1914 .
Some Unusual Glimpses in the London Area
Strange sight in St. James’s Park—Cavalry horses resting by a camp.
The ■ Mayoress of Wandsworth sitting all day long in the No cigarette fiends in the fighting-line. Distributing pipes
street knitting for soldiers and collecting for the War Fund. to soldiers before the march.
Men who checkmate the lurking Touton in our midst. Territorials awaiting their turn for duty at Woolwich Arsenal.
The War Illustrated. 41 29 th August, 1914 .
A charming wayside picture at Harrow, where the 4th Division have their camp.
Some Homely Scenes in War-time England
Queen Mary bidding good-bye to 18th Hussars.
Handy Highlanders at work in their new quarters.
The Wab Illustrated.
An amusing Dineiing incident ax oeaiora.
29 th August, 1914 .
THE camping out and billeting of our Army of Defence
along all the important points of the countryside has
enlivened rural England, and added to the pleasures of a
soldier’s life..
Everywhere the smart, gallant troopers are the centre of
attraction. They are supposed to know all about the
secret intentions of the Kaiser and the deeply laid plans of
General Joffre and Admiral Jellicoe, and to them the
villagers turn for information.
All the romance of war attaching to the " fencibles ” of
the Napoleonic days now shines round the eager, tanned
faces of the young Territorials.
Tsar’s Master-stroke—Poland a Nation Again!
" VY/ 1 TH oper. heart, with outstretched,
vv brotherly hand,” Great Russia
has approached the Poles within and
without her own frontiers, and has
offered them the realisation of the dream
of their fathers and forefathers : a new
birth, with freedom in faith, speech,
and self-government. In return Russia
expects but her recognition as suzerain.
The effect of the proclamation has
been electrical. Polish representatives
in Warsaw have declared that “ the
blood of the sons of Poland which will
be shed with that of the sons of Russia
in battle against the common foe will
be the best pledge
of the new life of the
two Slav peoples in
the spirit of peace.”
To describe
Poland’s liberation
as a “ mas¬
ter- stroke ”
by the Tsar
himself is
not to go
beyond fact,
for accord-
in g to M.
Gabriel
H anotaux,
the E m -
peror eigh¬
teen years
ago confided
to him the
i n tention
now so hap-
p i 1y ex¬
pressed, an
Palace of the Kings of Poland at Warsaw.
borne witness to by various pacifying
measures, which would have borne riper
fruit had they not been opposed by re¬
actionary Court influences.
Lacerated in the past as she has been
by Russia, Prussia, and Austria, Poland,
which as a nation once covered a terri¬
tory some 40,000 square miles larger than
Austria-Hungary is now, has reason to
hatePrussiamostof all,and the23,006,000
of her people, still a nation though geo¬
graphically divided, will doubtless fight
with all the resources they can command
in a war which is essentially one for the
freedom of the T.ittle Nations it is the
aim of Prussian terrorism to crush under
its iron heel.
intention
At the diet of Warsaw, in 1773, called to sanction the dismemberment of Poland, Thaddeus Reyten, the Polish Cato,
lavish bribes, opposed the election of a Russian Marshal for Poland, and when the weak K,ng Sto"> s 'aus would have yie ded, the
intrpniri R«vt«n. with four comoanions. kept possession of the sanctuary until he saw that further opposition was useless.
29 th August, 1914 .
intrepid Reyten, with four companions, kept possession of the
The War Illustrated. 43
Victories of the Great French Air Fleet
NTOXE of the sensational expccta-
tions of the destructive action of
aircraft has yet been fulfilled. Half
a dozen huge German Zeppelin airships
are reported to have come to grief—
some destroyed by the higli-angle fire
of tire allied armies, others wrecked by
defects of construction or handling.
The bombs dropped by German
airmen have ruined a few peaceful
buildings in Belgium, but when
launched at troops in action they
have done less harm than a shell
from a quick-firer.
On the other hand, the French
fleet of the most skilful and daring
airmen in the world has already
rendered services to the Allies of the
highest importance. It surpasses all
that General Joffre and his staff hoped
for. The French airmen have become
the lightning messengers and mar¬
vellous xyes of the allied armies.
They fly at a height where they are
completely out of range of the new
Krupp aerial guns. At the altitude
at which experience has taught them
to fly their vision is perfect.
The Marvellous Eyes of the Army
Nothing — absolutely nothing —
escapes the trained eyes of the observ¬
ing officers. Thqy are even able to
count the exact number of trains in a
German railway-station, the number
of carriages on the trains in motion,
and distinguish the units—
infantry, cavalry, artillery—
of the hostile armies march¬
ing on the frontier.
How airmen drop their bombs
upon the enemy’s ships and forts.
In the meantime, the Teutonic air¬
men are trying to carry out the same
work of inspecting the arrangements
of the allied forces. But their
Zeppelins are practically failures, and
their aeroplanes are not properly built
for observation work. The disposition
Not the slightest tactical
movement of the enemy escapes their
notice. For instance, a few days
ago one of the French airmen made
an aerial raid of 250 miles. He saw
and reported the whole immense
movement of German troops from
Metz and Treves to Aix-la-Chapelle.
The General Staff of the allied armies
know every daylight movement among
the masses and skirmishing lines of
a million and a half Germans and
Austrians.
of the engine, especially, on German
flying-machines prevents the observing
officers from seeing exactly what is
directly beneath them—from having
a direct, perpendicular vision of the
allied armies. The Germans have
to peer ahead and look over the side
of their machines.. Owing to the
obliquity of their field of observation
they can see at a height of 3,600 feet
onty what an allied airman could see
by:direct vision at a height of 7,200
feet. The mist troubles them, and
veils the details of the Allies’ move¬
ments. This is one of the reasons why
the French were so successful in
surprise attacks in Alsace and Lorraine;
Triumphs of the French Aviators
This, however, docs not mean that
the' German scouts of the skies arc
quite negligible in comparison with
the craft of the Allies. Their machines
are clumsy and difficult to handle,
and their airmen arc somewhat too
careful of their own safety ; neverthe¬
less, they are rendering certain services
to the German War Staff, though
much inferior to those rendered to the
Allies by pilots full of dash and
resource, who are every day performing
astonishing exploits.
The first fortnight of the war
was extremely precious to the French
airmen. In a few days, in a fever of
creative work, the French did- more
to improve their military aviation than
they had done in two years. . The
brilliant French genius for improvisa¬
tion was soon as the best.' And now
every morning the allied airmen'
profit by all they have learnt the
evening before, and the armies of
freedom fight under the direction of
squadrons of flying men, armed and
furnished and organised with the
efficiency of the British Armada in the
North Sea. The airmen carry orders
from the' General Staff to all the
different units, inform the com¬
manders how their orders are being
carried out, and watch over all the
movements of the enemy.
German destroyers, with a naval Zeppelin airship, leaving Kiel Harbour on a scouting movement.
The Was Illustrated. 44 29 th August, 1914 .
Where the First Flame of War Was Lighted
An early incident at the outbreak of the General War. An excited crowd of Austrians gathering outside the War Office ir»
Vienna, as the waggons arrive with flour for the mobilising troops. The Austrians did not then see that their ambitions would
lead them into war with France and Britain. Inset are seen a Hungarian reservist and his young wife at the hour of parting.
Austrian troops leaving the arsenal in Vienna for the invasion of Servia. Beaten back, these soldiers have now gone to the
Russian frontier to keep back the “steam-roller” of the Eastern world, which, however, is coming forward more quickly than
the Austrians and Germans expected.
45 29th August. 1914.
Tiiri War Illustrated.
Germany’s Evil Genius and Some *. Kaiser’s Men
After hours of torturing thirst on the battlefield the invaders of Belgium get a drink of water. (Inset: The Crown Prince.)
The War Illustrated. 46 29th. August, 1914.
German Telegraph Corps at work.
AC CORDING to wounded
^ German soldiers, it was the
Crown Prince who brought the
European situation to war point.
Young Friedrich Wilhelm has never
been on friendly terms with our
country. In the most public manner
in the Reichstag he has displayed
a fierce hostility to the very nation
his subtler father was trying to
soothe and deceive.
Banished to a country garrison
town for his impolitic frankness,
“Fritz” went on a penitential
tour to India and hunted with our
officers. Then, having acquired
Hungry Germans round the soup pot.
something of the Hohenzollern .art
of poisonous friendship, he wrote a
book on his sporting adventures in
India, in which he tried to make us
forget his outbursts against us.
Being as eager to push his father
aside as Wilhelm was to edge his
father off the throne, the Crown
Prince has set out to make himself
the war hero of the people. But
bullets do not turn aside to flatter, as
chiefs of the War Staff do, and the
rumour that the firebrand of Germany
was wounded may prove prophetic
before the last battle is fought.
Our Allies of the Far East Intervene
Ready for a tussle with the Teuton.
Japanese gunners fighting a siege gun.
TTIE Berlin mob must feel
sorry they sang and danced
outside the Japanese Embassy
on the outbreak of war, thinking
Japan would fight on their side.
For, without waiting for the
result of the first great battle,
the loyal Japanese have carried
out their part of the Anglo-
Japanese Alliance by calling
on Germany to withdraw her
warships and armed vessels from
the Northern Pacific, and hand
over the territory of Kiao-Chau,
with a view to its restoration
to China. August 23rd was the
latest date fixed by the Japanese
Government for taking action.
How the Teutons seized
Kiao-Chau.
In the meantime, two Ger¬
man missionaries were killed
by brigands in Shantung in
1897. As blood-money, Ger¬
many demanded Kiao-Chau,
with 200 square miles of
Chinese territory, and sent her
Pacific Squadron to take it.
The harbour is one of the
finest in the world, and Ger¬
many has fortified it and
made it a commercial strong¬
hold as well as a military
fortress. Two years ago the
imports came to 115 and the
exports to 80J- million marks.
There was no occasion for the
people of the .United States
to doubt the good faith of Japan
when she promised to restore
Kiao-Chau to China. There is
something she wants to wipe off
a slate, and it will help to improve
her relations with the Chinese,
besides gratifying her own
Samurai instincts.
Vital Interests of Australia
and New Zealand.
Our Australian and New Zea¬
land brothers must also profit
by the mortal madness of the
Prussians.
In Polynesia there are more
than 75,500 square miles of
territorjr, inhabited by nearly
900,000 people: Most of the
islands belong to the traders
and settlers of the British
Empire by right of discovery,
settlement, and commercial in¬
terest. Long before the German
flag was seen in the South Seas
British and Australian explorers,
sailors, traders, and missionaries
swept most of the islands into
the sphere of our Imperial in¬
fluence. Australia and New
Zealand had vital interests in
the larger islands near their
shores. But owing to the in¬
trigues of a great Hamburg firm,
backed by the diplomacy of
Bismarck, some of the most im¬
portant outposts of our Southern
Colonies were surrendered by
the Home Government.
Other German Colonies that
will Probably be Taken.
Now is the time to recover
them. Kaiser Wilhelm Land in
New Guinea, especially, is
waiting for the Australians,
together with the Bismarck
archipelago, both among the
most fertile lands in the world.
Then, in part of Samoa, in the
Marshall Islands, in part of
the Solomon Islands, and in
the Caroline, Pelew, and
Ladroue Isles, the men of our
race can recover what belongs
to them. In Africa the Cape
to Cairo Railway can be
built, and there are nearly
900,000 square miles of
territory for division be¬
tween Britain, France, and
Belgium.
The Japanese “Revanche”
against Germany.
On her splendid naval base
and colony in the Yellow Sea
Germany has spent untold
wealth and labour. The Japanese,
it is clear, are bent on totally des¬
troying the huge commercial
position which Germany has
built up in the Far East and the
Pacific. More bitterly opposed
to Germany than they were to
Russia, the Japanese are in the
same position as the French.
They have a “ revanche ” to
carry out.
When they emerged victorious
from their war with China, in
1895, it was Germany that
wove the scheme by which
Japan was robbed of Liao¬
tung and forced to prepare for
war with Russia.
Ktao-Chau—bought at the price of two dead missionaries—Germany's vanishing seat of power in the Far East.
The Wab Illcstbated. 47 29th August, 19:4.
HOW THE WAR WAGES:
QX the evening of August 14th the British Fleet,
under Admiral Sir John Jellicoe, had won, without strik¬
ing a blow, another victory of high importance over the
German Navy—the second most formidable instrument of
sea power in the world. For, in spite of the menace of a
large hostile fleet in being, with its scouting aeroplanes
and secret submarines, Field Marshal Sir John French
disembarked at Boulogne, following the largest, finest British
arm}’ ever landed on the Continent without a single
casualty. The achievement is one of the most daring
strokes of war in our long adventurous history.
* * *
QX the day when the last detachments of our expedition
landed at Boulogne the French mobilisation
was completed. The forts at Liege
were holding out, and the stubborn
Belgian forces were still withstanding
the German advance round Diest, a
little town thirty-eight miles from
Antwerp. Far in the south, on the
crests of the Vosges Mountains, the
French were turning the left flank of
the Teutons, and acting against the
Germans as the Germans were acting
in the north against the Belgians.
* * . *
THE Russians, in the meantime,
were mobilising a full week ahead
of the plans of the German War Staff.
On August 16th a general advance
of the Russian forces was made, and
their pressure was felt along the
Austro-Hungarian and German borders.
To add to the difficulty of the
German western armies, few rein¬
forcements came from Austria. For
the Austrians were wasting 400,000
men on the side issue in Servia,
where on August 18th they were
routed by the Serbs with great loss.
Distractions of this kind in Austrian
operations were what Bismarck and
Moltke had always feared would
occur if they entered on a European
war with Austria as their ally. Risings
among the Bohemians or Czechs also
appeared to be weakening the offensive
power of the Austrians in a very serious
manner, and they were troubled with
many mutinous Slav subjects.
* * -*
QERMANY thus found herself in a
worse position than she had been in
the Seven Years’ War, when Frederick
the Great had to fight against the com¬
bined forces of three Great Powers.
Frederick won through, owing to the
assistance of Britain. But his de¬
scendant was now opposed by the
Mistress of the Seas, an overwhelming
force of Russians, the whole male
population of France flaming with
mortal enthusiasm, and the en¬
trenched troops of brave Belgium.
In these circumstances, the German War Staff devoted
their entire efforts for eighteen days to forcing their way
towards Brussels, preparatory to a' descent upon France.
While part of their van tried to sweep, bv Liege, north¬
ward through Diest, other and larger bodies attempted
to pass from the Ardennes across the Meuse between
Liege and Namur, and between Namur and Dinant. This
led to the first memorable conflict between the French
and the Germans in Belgium on Saturday, August
15th.
* * *
■JHIE battle opened at six o’clock in the morning, with the
Germans occupying the left side of the Meuse, and the
French the right bank. After a long skirmish, the French
The Wae Illustrated.
artillery obtained the command of the situation, and under
their effective fire a French infantry regiment flung itself
on the German troops, and chased them out of the town.
Continually the deadly French batteries of thirty-six guns
moved forward, and the Germans retired to the" southern
hills, where they were pursued for several miles by the
Chasseurs. Considerable numbers of the enemy were drowned
in the river while trying to escape.
’* * *
COME of the prisoners taken along the Meuse had beetroots^
and carrots in their knapsacks, and admitted they
had been living on these vegetables for several days. This
showed that the bad commissariat arrangements in the
German army, already remarked at the battle of Liege, were
still obtaining. It also explained the
urgency with which the invaders were
trying to reach Brussels, where they
hoped food would be abundant.
* * *
QIYING over the road from Dinant,
the Germans took an easier, but
slower, route to their goal, and set
about building boat bridges across the
Meuse between Liege and Namur.
Then, seeing the vast masses of troops
they had crowded together in the
Ardennes, it was only a question of
time when they would arrive in
sufficient force against the Belgian
line to compel the Belgians to retreat.
Of course, the French could have sent
reinforcements to Jodoignc and Wavre,
both near Louvain, against which the
Germans began to press on August
16th and 17th. But General Joffre
and the General Staffs of the allied
armies had already resolved to let the
Germans advance on Brussels as soon
as they could overpower the small,
brave Belgian army. The work of the
Belgians throughout the first part of
the campaign was to fight a kind of
rearguard action, and delay as long as
possible the forward movement of
the enemy.
* * *
THE Belgians fought their last de-
1 laying battle at Aerschot, near Diest,
on Wednesday, August 19th. After
being repulsed on tire previous da}',
the Germans resumed the attack with
an outnumbering mass of infantry,
supported by machine - guns. Out¬
flanked on both sides, the Belgians
kept their ground for two hours, fight¬
ing with desperate courage. Two regi¬
ments that had already covered
themselves with glory at Liege held
the forefront. But at last they were
compelled to retreat on Louvain, leav¬
ing the road to Brussels open to the
invader. So surrounded were the
Belgians, that, in order to retire, they
had to fling out a covering force of 288
men under Major Gilson. Only the wounded major and
seven of his men returned. The Belgian army withdrew
into the triple fortifications of Antwerp, and on Thursday,
August 20th, the Germans entered Brussels.
* * *
WHILE the Germans were thus pushing on in search of
food, and the cheap glory of winning an undefended
capital, the French in Alsace and Lorraine were effecting
an important advance against the southern wing of the
Teutonic host. Advancing in a series of sharp, severe engage¬
ments amid the rocky, wooded spurs and flooded valleys of
the Vosges, they drove a wedge between the two great for¬
tress towns of Metz and Strasburg in Lorraine. Then they
strengthened their position in Alsace by retaking Mulhouse.
29th August, 1914.
Field Marshal Sir John French, in com¬
mand of the British Expeditionary Force,
X T Ht ML'E UR0Pt C0NFUa
EUROPE CONFLICT
^tVor'Freedom” etc^.
tV,eTlog*oVret<
The
PERMANENT
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A n absorbing account in
word and picture of the
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beautiful and enduring record
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Thousands of photographs by
“Daily Mirror ’’photographers
at the front, and eye-witnesses’
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correspondents.
THE GREAT WAR
Farts 1 and 2
Now Ready Each Part
l^rholo
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The War Illustrated.
29th August. 1914.
IV.
Tiie War Illustrated.
Part
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The fl’iir Illustrated, 5 th September, 1914.
Registered at the G.P.O. as a newspaper.
THE RUSSIAN “ STEAM-ROLLER ”
Important Contribution by a
well-known War Correspondent
Sze
Page 50
vol. i„ no. s. *• The British resisted the enemy with their usual coolness
(Clfic'c:.)
5 Sept., 1914
The TTar Illustrated , 5 tli September, 1914 .
OUR DIARY OF THE WAR
JuXE zStii.—A ssassination of Archduke Franz
Fadinand and his wife at Sarajevo*
July S3KD.—Austro-Hungarian ultimatum to.
Servia.
July 24TH.—The' Russian Cabinet considers
Austrian action a challenge to Russia.
July 27TH.—Sir E. Grey proposes conference,
to which France and Italy agree.
July cStti.— Austria-Hungary declares war
against Servia.
July sgra.—Austrians bombard Belgrade.
Tsar appeals to Kaiser to restrain Austria.
July 30TH.—Russia mobilises sixteen Army
Corps. .
Mr. Asquith appeals to all parties to
close the ranks.
July 31SX.—State of war declared in Germany.
General mobilisation ordered in Russia.
London Stock Exchange closed.
August rsT. —Germany sends twelve hours’
ultimatum to Russia to stop mobilising,
leclares war, and invades Luxemburg.
King _ George telegraphs to Tsar.
Mobilisation in Austria, "ranee,
Belgium, and Holland.
Italy and Denmark declare neutrality.
Sir John French appointed Inspector-
General of the Forces.
British Naval Reserves called up.
Bank rate 10 per cent.
M. Delcasse French War Minister.
Montenegro identifies herself with
Servia.
Aucvst 2ND.—German cruisers bombard
B"iia (Algeria). British ships seized at
Kiel.
Outpost fighting on Russian and
French frontiers of Germany.
Roumania declares neutrality.
August 3RD.—Germany declares war against
France, and demands right to cross
Belgium, regardless of treaty.
Belgium refuses to allow passage of
German troops through her territory, and
King Albert sends “supreme appeal” to
King George.
German troops envelop Vise, and their
advance guard approaches I.iege.
Sir E. Grey’s speech in the Commons.
British naval mobilisation completed.
Moratorium Bill passed, and Bank
Holiday extended to August 7th.
August 4TH.—Germany declares war on
France and Belgium, and her troops, under
General von Emmich, attack Liege.
Belgian defence conducted by General
Leman.
German Reichstag authorisies an extra¬
ordinary expenditure of £265,000,000.
Great Britain declares war on Germany.
British Army mobilisation begins, and
Reserves and Territorials are called up.
Mr. Asquith’s speech in the Commons.
Australia offers to send 20,000 men.
Admiral Sir John Jellicoe appointed
to supreme command of the Home Fleets.
The British Government takes control
of the railways.
August sth, —Fierce fighting at Liege. Lord
Kitchener appointed War Minister.
Koenigen Luise, German mine-layer,
sunk oft Harwich by H.M.S. Lance.
British White Paper issued.
August 6th.— Germans enter Liege.
H.M.S. Amphion sunk in North Sea
by floating mine ; 131 lives lost.
Lord Kitchener asks for 300,000 recruits,
100,000 to be raised forthwith.
Vote, of credit for £100,000,000 agreed
to by the Commons without dissent.
August - yra. —Germans refused armistice at
'Liege.
Prince of Wales’s National Relief Fund
opened.
New £1 and ros. banknotes issued, and
postal-orders made legal tender.
August Stii. —French troops occupy Altkirch
and Mulhouse.
Port of Lome (German Togoland) taken.
Bank rate 5 per cent.
French and Belgian troops co-operating
in Belgian territory.
August 9TH. —German troops in I.iege town.
Austria sends troops to help Germans.
German submarine U15 sunk by
H.M.S. Birmingham.
August ioth. —Diplomatic relations between
France and Austria broken off.
French fall back from Mulhouse, but
take up passes in the Vosges.
Enrolment of first batch of 30,000
special constables for London area.
Canada offers 20,000 men and qS,ooo,ooo
lb. of flour.
Official Press Bureau opened in London.
August iith. —German concentration on
Metz-Liege line.
2,000 German spies reported to have
been arrested in Belgium.
August 12TH. —England and Austria at War.
German cruisers Goeben and Breslau
enter Dardanelles, and are purchased by
Turkey.
August 13TH. —Battle of Haelen, between
Liege and Brussels, ends, according to
the Belgian War Office, “ all to the
advantage of the Belgian forces.”
Swedish Rigsdag decides on an ex¬
penditure of £2,800,ooo.for defence.
Austrian-Lloyd steamer sunk by mine
in Adriatic.
German “ official ” news first sent to
London by wireless.
German steamer captured on Lake
Nyassa.
August 14TH. —French war credit of
£40,000,000 authorised.
August 15TH. —The Prince of Wales’s National
Relief Fund reaches £1,000,000.
British Press Bureau issues warning
against alarmist rumours.
Taveta (British East Africa) occupied
by Germans.
August iCth. —French drive Germans back
at Dinant.
Tsar premises Heme Rule to a re-united
Poland.
August 17711.—It is reported officially that
tile British Expeditionary Force has
landed safely in France.
Belgian Government removes from
Brussels to Antwerp.
Japan asks Germany to remove her
warships from Japanese and Chinese
v waters, and to evacuate Kiao-chau by
August 23rd.
French Fleet sinks small Austrian
cruiser in the Adriatic.
Tsar and Tsaritsa attend solemn
service in Moscow.
August iSth.—D esultory fighting in North
Sea.
French advance in Alsace-Lorraine.
August iqth. —Germans occupy Louvain.
Russian forces defeat 1st German Army
Corps near Eydtkuhnen.
August 20-m. —Abandoned for strategical
reasons, Brussels is formally entered
by the Germans.
The French retake Mulhouse.
August 21ST. —German war levies of
£8,000,000 on Brussels (£11 per head of
the inhabitants), and £2,400,000 on
province of I.iege.
Franco-British loan of £20,000,000
to Belgium announced.
Partial investment of Namur.
Servian victory on the Drina reported.
French reverse in Lorraine.
Russians rout three German Army
Corps in East Prussia, after two days’
battle.
August 22xd. —Heavy fighting begins at
Charleroi and Mons.
August 23RD. —Japan declares war on
Germany.
Two Danish ships sunk by mines.
After a six days’ struggle the French
withdraw from Lorraine.
August 24TII. —Fall of Namur.; some of the
forts taken.
Major Namech, commandant, blows
np Fort Chaudfontaine, I.iege, to pres ent
it falling into the hands of the enemv.
In thirty-six hours’ hard fighting near
Mons British force “holds its own ” against
superior numbers.
Charleroi taken by Germans.
Allies fall back in good order on their
frontier defences.
August 25T11. —Lord Kitchener, in House of
Lords, pays big tribute to gallantry of
British troops.
Mr. Asquith, in the Commons, savs
“ We want all the troops we can get.”
Zeppelin drops bombs on Antwerp.
August 26th. —It is reported that German
war levies in Belgium total £28,000,000.
Surrender of Togoland.
Austria declares war on Japan.
German troops in East Prussia reported
to have fled to Kcnigsbcrg. -
August 27TH. —German cruiser Magdeburg
, blown up off the Russian coast.
German armed liner Kaiser Wilhelm
dcr Grasse sunk by H.M.S. Highflvrr.
August 28th. —Four ‘German vessels sunk off
Heligoland.
NOTES BY THE EDITOR.
THE extraordinary success of the first number of The
War Illustrated was repeated last week in every par¬
ticular with the second issue, which went out of print as
speedily as No. 1, although it had been found possible to
considerably increase the output.
Printing arrangements have now been completed whereby
it is hoped that no one will be disappointed in not being
able to secure a copy of the future issues.
* * *
QNE of the many reasons for the remarkable success
of The War Illustrated is the fact that while the
publication is a beautifully-printed and up-to-date weekly
record of the war, it is also, by reason of its literary and
artistic qualities, worthy of preservation as a permanent
record.
THE publishers are, therefore, preparing binding cases,
to be issued at a low price on the completion of each
volume, so that readers' may have their weekly parts bound
together in attractive and enduring volumes.
Full particulars of these binding cases will be given at an
early date; meanwhile, subscribers who contemplate
binding their copies of The War Illustrated are warned
not to lose any of the parts, as it will be quite impossible
to reprint the earlier ones.
* * *
TO many readers who have written us on the subject, it
may be explained that “ Our Diary of the War ” as soon
as it extends to one full page will be printed in the body of
the paper for permanent reference, and afterwards the later
entries only will appear on the wrapper, until another page
is completed. In this way the bound volumes will contain
the complete diary.
A WEEKLY PICTURE-RECORD OF EVENTS BY LAND, SEA AND AIR
For Week endintr
S September, 1914
ffa jps
THE SMILING COURAGE OF OUR WOUNDED HEROES
Two Highlanders, injured in the first great battle, coming home in a Channel steamer
The H"ar Illustrated, 5tli September, 1914.
Page 50
Map to illustrate the advance of the Russian Army of Invasion in the East of Germany, the thick shaded line indicating the
positions occupied by the hosts of the Tsar on August 25th.
THE RUSSIAN “STEAM-ROLLER”
A Brilliant Description of the 3,000,000 Army that is now
rolling across the Eastern frontiers of Germany and Austria
By f. a. McKenzie
War Corresponds!!! of “The Daily Mail" in the Russo-Japanese War
T HE armies of Russia and the combined forces of Great
and Greater Britain may well be the deciding factor
—possibly a year or more hence—in the land campaigns
of the great war.
For over a quarter of a century Europe regarded the
fighting strength of Russia with awe. The millions of
her soldiers, the reserve strength of her vast Empire of
one hundred and sixty millions, her successes in the field,
and her resolute discipline, magnetised Europe. Here
was the land that had shattered Napoleon in his prime,
and that even then was absorbing nation after nation
throughout Asia. Prophets depicted Russia expanding
her dominions east and west till she strode as Colossus
from India to the North Sea, and from the coasts of Korea
to the Mediterranean.
Then came the Japanese War, the war of astounding
surprises, of defeats, and of humiliation. Russia retired
from that war with prestige diminished
The Lesson almost to vanishing point, and with
Russia- learned hopes of Pacific empire shattered. Since
from Japan then Europe has as much underestimated
Russian military strength as she pre¬
viously exaggerated it. Yet Russia was never more for¬
midable, never more splendidly prepared, never better
fitted, both for offence and defence, than to-day.
The Japanese War revealed the weaknesses of the
Russian military organisation. Russia at the start de¬
spised her enemy. To think that Japan could defeat her
was so absurd that most refused to contemplate it. The
war was a bitter and wholesome lesson. The world has
barely yet realised that in the end Russia contrived, despite
her defeats, to hold up the entire Japanese forces. The
war made not only Russia’s faults stand out, but also the
splendjd virtues of discipline, endurance, ability to take
punishment, and steady fighting power that the Tsar’s
soldiery possess.
In defeat and disaster Russia found her real salvation.
For three or four years after the close of the war internal
disturbances and political quarrels absorbed the nation.
The Army was bitter and resentful, and was still further
angered by revelations of corruption, nepotism, and of
inefficiency. But in 1910 the work of creating a new Army
-was deliberately begun. A secret sitting of the Duma
voted unanimously eleven millions for reorganisation and
extension. Administrative control was vested in one man
—the Minister for War. The independent status of grand
ducal inspectors, which had led to so many abuses in tho
Japanese War, was abolished. The territorial system was
introduced. Vast sums were spent on technical equipment,
on air craft, field telephones, wireless apparatus, and
machine-guns of every kind.
From 1910 this work of reorganisation has been carried
on unceasingly. It is impossible to give
in exact figures the actual strength of The Unceasing
the Russian forces, because exact figures Work of
are not available. But I should not be Re-organisation
far out in estimating that in the summer
of 1913 the peace strength of the combined Russian,
European, Asiatic and Caucasian armies was 1,400,000
men, while the total war strength was not less than
3,500,000. To-day it is much greater.
The Russian Army ranks to-day among the most perfectly
equipped fighting forces of the world, both so far as tha
equipment of the individual soldier, and artillery, and
field train of the Army as a whole is concerned. While
money has been spent freely, a rigorous campaign has
Page 51
The TT'ur Illustrated , 5th September, 1914.
been maintained against corruption—the great bane of all
Russian Government departments. Some army contractors
caught at fault have been given swingeing sentences. The
lesson of 1904 has been learned.
One result of the alliance between Russia and France
was to quicken Russian preparations on the German,
frontier. Russia has never loved Germany. In St. Peters¬
burg the popular name for a German, when I was last
there, was “ black beetle.” Underlying all Russian moves
, there has been for many years the dominating idea of war
with Germany and Austria. “ The Army must remember
that every day it is preparing for a war that shall smash
• the two German Empires,” was the note of a thousand
unofficial messages.
s Last year the danger became still more vital. Germany
launched out a new scheme of military expansion, voting
an increased expenditure of fifty million pounds, and an
addition of three Army corps to her
How Russia forces. Russia did not hurry with her
Answered the response, and ir was only five months ago
German Menace that she gave her answer to the German
menace—an increase of the Russian Army
by 460,000 men. This increase and the accompanying
reorganisation were being proceeded with when war was
declared.
war. Those-of us who watched, the Russian operation*
in 1904 from opposite and hostile ranks could not, many a
time, refrain our admiration from the dogged perseverance
and obstinate endurance of the men in the ranks. Tiro
great weakness of the Russian military system is one that
it shares with the German. The private soldier is not
encouraged to show initiative. It is his business to obey,
and only to obey. He is not asked to think, only to carry
out the orders “given to him. This system has been de¬
liberately adopted and maintained. Russian officers claim
that it i's the only possible way. In this I am convinced
they are greatly mistaken.
Finesse, trickery, subterfuge—all legitimate weapons o*
war—are not among the Russian soldier’s strong points.
He prefers to go straight on. If there are obstacles, he will
move right against them and overcome them by sheer pluck
and by numbers.
He can fight.
One only needs to
see a Cossack regi¬
ment rushing with
a cheer to death, or
note a company .of
infantry’s coolness in
Konigsberg, the Prussian fortress town to which the beaten German host retreated. Top
inset: General Sukhomlinov, the new organiser of the Russian armies. Lower inset:
General Rennenkampf, who broke 120,000 Germans at Gumbinnen.
Russia should now
be able to advance
into Germany and
Austria, or to keep
on her western
borders as a threat to her two foes, at least 3,000,000
fully-trained soldiers, amply provided with artillery, trans¬
port, commissariat and ammunition.
• Like most great machines, the Russian military machine
is somewhat slow to move. It takes time to mobilise, and
it takes time to bring up forces. But once started the
Russian Army moves on with the relentlessness of a steam¬
roller. A new set of officers, backed up by a few of the
most successful commanders in the Japanese War, now
rule. Four years ago almost every general officer who
had not shown himself a leader of special efficiency during
the last war had been removed from the ranks. Out of
one hundred and thirty-five only fifty-two remained. Still
fewer are left to-day. The new men, keen, scientific
soldiers, have been trained in the same school that has
made. German militarism so formidable.
No one denies the courage or the strength of the Russian
fighting man. This has been proved in campaign after
campaign, and was never proved more than in the last
of a great battle, to know that. I marked it at the Yalu,
at Motienling, at Liao Yang, and in a score of other battles.
In estimating Russian fighting capacity during this war,
one important thing must not be overlooked. During the
Japanese War Russia was hampered at every turn by
revolutionary agitation. The Poles seized the opportunity
to attempt to wrest their independence ; the Finns were
in a state of seething unrest; the Social
Russia Democrats throughout the Empire were
United in working for red revolution. The very work-
a Holy War men of St. Petersburg were seeking an
opportunity to overthrow the Tsar.
Now all is changed. At the outbreak of the present war
workmen’s organisations that had planned a great general
strike voluntarily abandoned it and went back to work,
so as not to hamper their own government. Tire Finns,
despite their many good reasons for hating Russia, have wiped
out hatred in co-operation. The entire Russian people, who
- looked on their last war as a distant campaign to enrich
grand dukes, regard the present as a Holy War for the
protection of their race against the Teutonic peoples. Their
armies are going to battle with determined enthusiasm.
They go not alone because they' are ordered, but because
Holy Russia is fighting, as they know, for justice and for right.
The ll'ar Illustrated, 5tli September, 1914.
Page 52
The Tsar’s Leviathan Legions Move on Germany
A'OLOSSAL Russia lias proved more nimble in offensive
action than was reckoned by the German War Staff.
A few years ago the Russians still kept to their old,
muddle-headed method of declaring war and then pre¬
paring for it. Now, under the direction of an organiser of
victories of the Kitchener stamp. General Sukomlinov, the
Slav soldier has shown, by a series of rapid triumphs
in Prussia, that he has changed for the better since
Mukden.
A hew system of marksmanship training made him a
finer shot than the German, and he knows what he is fighting
for now—for the liberation of his fellow-Slavs. He is
marching out with the steadiness of the veteran, and;
having learnt a hard lesson in Manchuria, he is bent on
teaching it to the Teuton. The braggart vapourings of the
Pan-German party have stirred in the Slav races the same
instinct of self-preservation as the menace of the big,
growing German fleet had excited in Britain.
If in the life-or-death struggle that has now opened
Russia is forced to bring on to the battlefield every man
able to shoot, she will overbear Germany and Austria by
the sheer mass and pressure of twenty million troops.
Russia could from her vast population raise the unparalleled force of twenty million troops like these if needed
The stubborn, well-mounted cavalrymen forming the spear-point of the Russian advance through Prussia.
A great surprise awaited the Germans at Gumbinnen—the new. deadly marksmanship of the Russian infantry.
Page 53
The War Illustrated, 5 th September, 1914 .
T he Cos sack—The Grey Nightmare of Germany
Squadron of the terrible Cossacks who invaded
pVEN at the height of his vainglory,
the Prussian has never been able
to think without a qualm of the
“ grey peril ” — the grey - coated,
mounted Cossack, bred for war for
four hundred years, and living in
millions on all the danger points of
the Russian frontier from the Don
to the Amur and the Usuri.
The fear of the Cossack has always
been strong upon the mind of the
Berliners. For the Russian frontiers¬
men are all that the Prussians would
like to be—the supreme military race
of the modern world.
The Long Service of
Russia’s Fighting Men
The Cossack lives for battle, and
to him is due the Russian conquest
of the whole of Northern Asia. To
the number of 2,750,000, he dwells
in little commonwealths on vast tracts
of land allotted to him by the Tsar.
Each Cossack has about eighty-one
acres of property, and in return for this
grant he serves as a soldier for twenty
years, from the age of eighteen to
thirty-eight, providing all his own
uniforms, equipment, and horses. For
three years he trains; for twelve
years he goes on active service ; for
five year's he is on the reserve.
Ffe is sweeping, a host of 300,000
horsemen, on Germany and Austria,
having crossed into Galicia on the
south and ridden far into Prussia on
the north, on his way to Berlin.
Fierce in BattH but
Amiable in Peace
■ Fat* from being terrible in character,
the Cossack is the gayest and most
lighthearted of Russians, living in
practical independence as a cattle-
raiser and horse-breeder.
But in war, the vehemence with
which he fights, and the skill with
which he manages his horse, make
him a superb cavalryman. It was
only in comparison with the mounted
Germany and Austria weeks before they were expected.
Cossack that the Japanese were at a
disadvantage in the Manchurian War.
The strong-wristed Cossack soon
showed that in the fight against the
Prussian, who has been menacing his
country for forty years, he would fight
with deadly passion. One Cossack
named Kriutchoff began the attack on
the German frontier by rushing, single-
handed, upon a troop of Germans. '
He received sixteen wounds, and
his horse was terribly cut about, but,
without an}' help, he slew eleven men
of the enemy. He is now recovering
from his wounds.
The man the
Destroying the Wheat
Supplies of Prussia
“ Until the lance of the Cossack
strikes against BrandenbergGate'’’said
a Russian statesman last week, “wo
shall not close our account with
Germany.” It is not far from Posen
to the Brandenberg Gate of Berlin,
and while the Cossack is eating up the
miles.between and fighting the Prussian'
cavalryman, he occupies his leisure in *
piece of destructive work that mar
have more bearing on the final result
of the war than appears at first sight.
The Germans regard the Cossack as a
monster of ravage, and having regard to
the work their L'hlans hat e done in
Belgium, the Germans should be good
judges of destructive ability. The Co—
sack, however, is merely laying waste tho
ripening wheatfields of Eastern Prussia.
The Berliner Knows the
Cossacks are Coming
Having won the decisive Battle of
. Gumbinncn and outflanked the German
army of defence, he has arrived in the
nick of time to prevent the richest store
of food supplies in Germany being
gathered and-sent to Berlin, Dantzic, and
Konigsberg. This chance of an attack on
the Prussian harvest was probably one of
the reasons why. the Russians bent al>
their energies on the task of mobilising
sooner than the German expected.
Tht ll'ar Illustrated , 5th September, 1914.
Page 54
on ine roiKwione Doat tending our wounded British heroes who fought so magnificently against the Germans.
On landing they were received by cheering crowds and conveyed to the hospital in motor-cars.
“My Bonnie Boys.”
NON-COMMISSIONE D officer, who was in the
the fighting at Mons, is lavish in his
thick of
praise of the splendid heroism displayed by his captain.
“ There was no braver man on the field than our captain,”
he writes. He was knocked over early with a piece of
shell which smashed his leg. He must have been in great
pain, but^ kneeling on one knee he was cheerful, and kept
saying : ‘ My bonnie bo)-s—make sure of your man.’ ”
Germans Fire on Red Cross
BRITISH officer, wounded at Mons, tells an ap-
palling story of German treachery. .“ German
soldiers, ’ he writes, “ are often discovered wearing British
uniforms taken from the dead. They have no compunction
in shooting our wounded men, and on one occasion the Red
Cross was ignored, and the hospital fired upon.”
British Contempt for German Gunnery
PRIVATE, although shot through the shoulder at
Mons, nevertheless has a keen contempt for German
shooting. “ If you stand up in the firing-line,” he says,
“ they cannot hit you. They do not aim with the rifle,
and will not face the bayonet. They are afraid of cold
steel. They come up to within two hundred yards of our'
line in masses, fire at us in a kind of feverish haste, then
‘ scoot.’ ”
An Englishman’s Daring Adventures.
QL'R war correspondents up to the present have had
few exciting experiences. But one Englishman in
Brussels last week succeeded in penetrating twenty miles
through the German lines, risking death as a spy at every step.
Early one morning he set out for the field of Waterloo.
Before he was stopped by German soldiers, and sent back to
the city, he saw the main artillery columns moving along the
road. He counted two hundred and thirty guns.
Getting back to the capital, he set out in another direction,
towards the south-west, and came upon the main German
infantry forces tramping down the Mons road. On another
occasion he managed to strike through the German post
to Alost. Several times he was arrested, but as he was
never brought before the same officer, he was not put to
death. Of course, had it been suspected that he was an
Englishman, he would have been shot as a spy. But he
had been born in Brussels, of English parents, and, speaking
like a Belgian, passed himself off as a native.
Heroes of Mons back again in
The War Illustrated, 5 th September, 1914 .
With the French Army near the Battle Front
The use of the machine-gun, the most murderous of the smaller weapons of modern war.
to clear the way for an infantry advance.
Raking a wood with mitrailleuse fire
The TTar Illustrated, 5 tli September, 1014 . Page 56
Victorious Serbs Prepare for Greater Servia
A Serb boy of twelve who dug a trench in a garden by the
Danube and “ sniped ** the Austrians across the river.
What the modern shell can do. A house in Belgrade struck by
Austrian artillery fire.
Sturdy Servian peasants waiting in Belgrade for rifles and
ammunition to fight for the Greater Servia.
Serb troops on their way to the great victory over the Austrians,
wearing flowers given them by their wives.
* The War Illustrated, 5th September, 1914.
Austria’s Cowardly Bombardment of Belgrade
The British Embassy at Belgrade after the Austrian bombardment. Routed by the Serbs on the battlefield, the cowardly Austrianj
nave retired to a safe position across the Danube, from which they shell the defenceless Serb capital.
Inis is how the beautiful white city of Belgrade used to look. Now it is a desolate stretch of shell-shattered ruin 3 , and what
inhabitants still remain crouch night and day in the cellars, while the shells are bursting above them.
The 1 Yar Illustrated, 5th September, 1914-
Pa go 58
British Reinforcements for the Allied Armies
General Smith-Dorrien (in centre) with his staff officers embarking at Folkestone for the front.
Lord Kitchener has now clearly explained, the dispatch
of our first Expeditionary Force was only the be¬
ginning of a great, steady, increasing effort which our
country is resolved to continue against Germany. The
Germans have flung their entire forces on the double
battlefields, and they are now calling up boys of sixteen for
instruction in musketry. Their armies will continually
diminish by combat, sickness, and capture.
But our military force on the Continent may be built up
into a mass of several hundred thousand trained men, and
will be kept up to the highest point necessary. Already
large British reinforcements have been sent through various
French seaports to the battle-front, and our losses have
been made good on the day they occurred.
The organisation is working admirably. Troops do not
wait for trains and ships. The ships and trains wait for
the troops. The transport traffic is proceeding with, a
clockwork movement. In France the big troopships have
been coming in more rapidly than ever, and discharging
their freights with remarkable speed. At one- port last
■week 6,ooo men with guns, horses, waggons, and war
material, were received in twenty-four hour's !
The sturdy sons of the Scottish Highlands setting.out for the new battlefields of France.
raga £S
The War Illustrated, 5 th September, 1514 .
Building up our Army on the Continent
How our cavalrymen rode down to
the boat-train for the Continent.
Getting chargers to enter the railway vans.
Troops entraining for a southern seaport.
Marching away, with kitbags slung over their shoulders, for the great new adventure on the fields of old France.
The ll’cw* Illustrated, 5 th September, 1914 .
Furious Charge of British Cavalry at
Pago 60
Mons—
At Mons, a Belgian mining town some twenty-eight
miles south-west of Waterloo, the first great British battle
for the salvation of France took place on Sunday,
August 23rd, and the following day. For thirty-six hours
our cavalry, artillery, and infantry out-fought a German
force of much superior strength. Some of our soldiers had
not taken their boots off since they landed in France ; yet,
after marching rapidly to Mons, they threw up trenches,
and fought night and day without a rest. But tired
though they were when they started, they shot so well
that their dead foes were piled up in heaps before them. A
wounded German officer, taken prisoner, remarked that our
Pa S c 61
The T Var Illustrated, 5th September, 1914.
The Uhlans get the Surprise of their Lives
rifle fire was "staggering” ; nothing like it had been
imagined. And the British cavalry ! Men who afterwards
arrived from the front said that our cavalrymen rode like
madmen against the German horsemen. They had heard
much about the Uhlans—the men who had made their
name ring horribly through the whole world by atrocious
tortures and murders of the non-combatant peasantry of
Belgium. When the opportunity came to meet them, the
eagerness of our cavalrymen astonished their own officers.
The Uhlans had the surprise of their lives. Riding with
tremendous dash, our men met and cut down the torturers
of little children, and swept them from the field.
Belgium’s new defenders crossing the bridge at Ostend. Inset: The heavy load our Marinos have to shoulder.
y^FTER tlie raid made by the Uhlans on Ostend, ending
in a fight between the German cavalrymen and the
Belgian gendarmes five miles south-east of the seaport,
the people of Ostend became very anxious about their
position.
Englishmen also, remembering the short distance between
Ostend and our coast and the range of the Zeppelins
dici not like the situation.
But, to everybody’s relief, Mr. Winston Churchill
announced on Ihursday, August 27th r “For reasons which
seem sufficient to the Government and to the military
authorities, a strong force of British Marines has been
sent to Ostend, and has occupied the town and the surround¬
ing country without delay."
1 he people of the famous Belgian seaport greeted the arrival
of the vigorous sailor-soldiers of Britain with enthusiasm.
The War Illustrated, 5th September, 1914.
Page 62
British Marines to the Rescue of Ostend
Ostend joyfully welcomes the marching column of Britain’s
sailor-soldiers.
Pago 63
Thc War Illustrated, 5 th Sepfonaber, 191 . 4 .
Sad Friends and Sullen Foes within Our Gates
Austrian prisoners of war leaving Truro workhouse for Dorchestei
by the London Royal • - - "esiei
Fusiliers. Inset: Belgian r
belongings in Arundel Street, Strand
W v '>
■mz:\
W 1 • <11
•
Like these homeless Belgians in London, multitudes of distressed women, children, and fathers of families are escaping from
their ruined towns and villages, and fleeing for protection to our country. Many of them have lost everything, and have only
been able to save their lives with difficulty.
AT dawn on Friday, August
28th, the German warships
behind the fortress of Heligo¬
land had at last just the kind
of weather they wanted for a
raid on the outpost vessels of
our grand Fleet. The sea was
steaming with haze, veiling all
operations.
But. our Fleet was also
The destroyer Laertes, the only other British vessel injured.
waiting for the first fog on the North Sea, in order to teach
the Germans how the descendants of Nelson could still fight,
under new conditions, in the old daring way.
Two of our Battle Cruiser Squadrons steamed into the
fortified area of the German North Sea bases, between
Heligoland and the Kiel Canal. In advance moved a force
of destroyers, scouting for the Germans, and some sub¬
marines followed. By seamanship of a supreme quality'
our large .warships escaped from floating mines and sub¬
marines, and intercepted the German cruisers and destroyers
guarding the approaches to the German coast.
Five of the enemy’s vessels were sunk—-two destrovers and
three cruisers—and many others were damaged. The white
feather of the Goeben is still the symbol of the German battle¬
ships. They would not come out to help their smaller craft 1
The Mainz—one of the five German warships sunk. Inset: Sir David Beatty, commanding our First Battle Squadron
The TT(zr Illustrated, 5th September, 1914.
Page 64
Our Navy Strikes!—Victory in a Mine-strewn Sea
H.M.S. Amethyst, flotilla cruiser, which was engaged in the victorious attack on the German destroyers.
Page 65
Forts and Citadels Now in
The War Illustrated, 5 th September 1914 .
the Thick of War
UROM the days of the Romans the lovely valley of
1 the Meuse, with its cliffs crowned by ancient castles, has
been the war-path of Northern Europe. Namur was
stormed by King Louis XIV. in person, and retaken by
King William II. of England. Like its neighbouring river
towns, Huy and Dinant, it commands the main road
between Germany and France.
It has a circle of modern forts, four and a half miles
from the town, through which the German host has hacked
its way. At Dinant the first clash in the north between the
French and Germans occurred. The Germans took Dinant,
driving out the French. The broken French battalions
started to sing the “ Marseillaise,” and, re-forming, swept the
enemy out of the town. But, in spite of this victory, the
French were unable to reach and support Namur. So, at
the critical moment, our troops further west had to retire.
Huy, between Liege and Namur, with citadel and bridge, where the Germans crossed.
Fortressed Namur, whose unexpected fate compelled our brave troops to withdraw from IVIons. Inset: Picturesque Dinant and its fort.
The TTar Illustrated, 5th Septemoer, 1914.
Pago 61
Albert the Brave, Defender of Civilisation
■THERE never was an heir-apparent so modest and
retiring as Prince Albert Leopold Clement of
Belgium, son of a Hohenzollern princess and the Count of
Flanders. In the lifetime of his
uncle, King Leopold, he was
regarded as a weakling, even bv
Belgian politicians. Only the
young Belgians about his own
age—he was born in 1877—
took a kindly interest in his
marriage with a Bavarian princess
in 1900, and in his voyage to the
Congo in the spring of 1909.
It was generally thought, when
King Albert came to the throne
in the winter of 1909, that
Belgium had got just an amiable
figurehead that could be easily
steered along the path marked
out by her great financiers and
captains of commerce.
So King Albert’s first act was
something like a revolution in
Belgium.
Everybody who had been in
King Leopold's service was dis¬
missed, with, of coifrse, proper
rewards. Then representative
' men were drawn from each class
and party and attached to the
Royal household, to keep the
new ruler informed of the currents
of public opinion and the needs
and desires of the people.
Then, having found the demo-
. cratic base in government he
wanted, King Albert raised the
fame of Belgium throughout the
world by the way he tackled
the abuses which had occurred in the management of
the great, rich Belgian territories in Central Africa.
Vet he was still reckoned more of a scholar than a
leader of men. The Kaiser took it for granted so mild a
king of so small a nation could be bribed to allow an
The heroic King
invasion of France through Belgium. Then it was that
King Albert revealed what high, stern strength of
character lay below his quiet manner. In one of the most
sublime resolution's in history h*
placed himself at the head of his
people, and flung a little advanca
army of 40,000 men in the path
of the gigantic German host.
In so doing he saved th»
main fabric of Christian civilisa¬
tion—the faith and the force
of the solemn treaties, on which
all international relations depend.
He fought for something greater
than even his own dear country.
Indeed, he practically placed him¬
self and his people as a sacrifice
on the altar of civilisation.
For twice since the historic
battle of Liege lie could have with¬
drawn his nation from the devas¬
tating conflict by accepting the
new and larger offers made by the
baffled, surprised, and now admir¬
ing German Kaiser.
Again, when Brussels was about
to fall, he could fairly have called
upon his Allies to protect his
beautiful, defenceless capital in
return for the invaluable services
he had rendered to France.' »But
rather than impede the working
out of the far-reaching strategical
plans of General Joffre, he let tha
enenry enter Brussels.
King Albert, a tall, fair,
scholarly figure, wearing pince-
of the Belgians. nez and clad in a dusty, plain
blue uniform, moves among his
men as a comrade, not as a commander. Matters of
strategy he leaves to the military staffs of the allied armies,
but he is the great leader — it was he who inspired the frea
nations with the noble spirit with which they fight. Never
since Marathon was fought has Europe known such a man.
Belgian Hussars the cavalry of the greatest of little nations returnina victorious to camp, before the withdrawal to Antwerp,
Page 67
The War Illustrated , 5th September, 1914.
Grim and Gay—Among Our Belgian Allies
Belgium, which abounds in beautiful age-old churches, had to turn her sacred buildings into temporary shelters for her soldiers
The nave in this village church was filled with straw for the soldiers to rest on.
Officers of the crack Belgian regiment, the Guards, joking at two of their comrades as they scribble brief letters to their
anxious wives left behind in Antwerp.
The Ifai- Illustrated, 5th September, 1914.
Page 68
The entrenched troops between the Liege forts, during a brief lull in the continual battle.
Belgian cavalrymen holding a blown-up bridge against the returning
Teutons.
CTF all authentic records of the actualities of
^ modern war the photographs on this page are
among the most remarkable. They were taken
at great risk in the historic trenches round the forts
of Liege, in the brief lulls between the thundering
ch.arges of German cavalry and the fierce rushes of
infantrymen in close formation.
There is nothing more heroic in the annals of
mankind than the last stand made by the garrison
of the Liege forts against the terrible i61 in.
Krupp siege-guns, which shattered into shapeless
ruin the steel cupolas and masses of concrete.
The commandant of Fort Chaudfontaine at Liege,
Major Nameche, died the death of a hero. His
fort dominated the railway from Aix-la-Chapelle to
Liege, which passes through a tunnel at Chaud¬
fontaine. The German artillery fire reduced the
fort to a heap of ruins.
Major Nameche made it his last task to block the
tunnel by sending several engines to collide in it. Then,
in order that the German flag should not fly even oyer
the ruins of his fort, he set fire to his ammunition
magazine and blew up the shattered works.
Page 6$
The Wat Illustrated, 5th September, 1014
Prancing Prussians Performing
the Goose-Step
Just as ridiculously barbaric as the “cake walk’*
of the negroes, is the prancing movement with
which the German army paraded in triumph
through the undefended city of Brussels.
HORRIBLE STORIES OF GERMAN FIENDISHNESS
“ ]_ET all "'ho fall into your hands be at your mercy.
. Gain a reputation like the Huns under Attilal”
the present Kaiser said to his soldiers some years ago.
They are carrying out his devilish orders in practically
every Belgian and French village and town where there
are no representatives of neutral Powers as eye-witnesses.
British war correspondents in Belgium have seen little
murdered children with roasted feet. The tmy mites
were hung over a fire before they were slain. This
was done by German troops — men with children of
their own at home, or with little brothers and sisters of
the same age as the innocents they torture before killing.
The same British correspondent, entering a village that
the Belgians had recaptured, saw in one of the houses a
Belgian scout—entitled to be treated when captured as
a prisoner of war—transfixed to the door by a bayonet
through his stomach, with his bare legs dangling' over
a fire.
At Tirlemont, another Englishman — the Special
Correspondent to “The Times”—met a peasant woman
who told him that her babes had been trampled to death
under the hoofs of the horses of the Uhlans. As the
Englishman was considering that he only had the woman’s
word for this atrocity, he saw a little girl come staggering
along the road, as if she were blind. He found that her
eye and cheek were laid open. This had been done, not
by a chance bullet, but by a deliberate thrust of an Uhlan’s
lance, who charged upon the innocent child in sheer,
devilish sport.
The things done to Belgian girls and women, before
their tortured, lifeless bodies with battered faces were
thrown into a ditch, are so unspeakably dreadful that
details cannot be printed. And these infernal acts are
not merely the insane excesses of a few men in each German
regiment who got out of hand in a passion for slaughter.
The atrocities are too numerous and too skilfully planned
all along the lines of communication of the German armies
to admit of such an explanation. And neither is it true
that all the attacks on the non-combatants were reprisals
made by the Germans after they had been fired on by
peasants and townsmen not taking part in the battles.
For the Belgian Government has formed a Committee
of Inquiry, presided over by the Minister of Justice and
the highest judicial and university authorities of the
country. The evidence for each atrocity published in
the official report has been established by careful in¬
vestigation and the examination of eye-witnesses. And
these are some of the verified statements contained in
the report which is being circulated throughout the
civilised world.
“ An old man of the village of Neerhenpen had his arm
sliced in three longitudinal cuts. He was then hung head
downwards and burnt alive.
“ At Orsmael, young girls have been ravished and little
children outraged, and the inhabitants suffered mutilations
too horrible to describe.”
Then at Aerschot, the official report goes on to state
at length, when the Belgian and German forces were
fighting at close range, the Germans drove four Belgian
women, with babies in their aims and two little girls
clinging to their skirts, between the German machine-
guns and the Belgian armv.
The iraf Illustrated, 5tli September, 1914.
What German “Civilisation”
Page 70
is Worth
A street in the Belgian frontier town of Vise after the Germans came. Every house is burnt out, not an inhabitant is visible, and
the Teutonic savages are still guarding the ruined scene of their atrocities.
German troops searching the fired town of Vise for loot, and persuaded by our war photographer (a neutral) to come and stand
before the camera by a gift of cigarettes.
Page 71
The 1 Tar Illustrated\ 5th September, 19l4.
Germany’s Empty Triumph in Brussels
'THESE vivid, historic photographs of incidents in the
* march of the Teutonic hosts through the defenceless
capital of Belgium have the added interest of being taken
at great personal peril. Had our war photographer been
observed at his work by any of the German soldiers or
spies he would probably have been hauled before the
nearest officer, and then shot.
Thanks to the presence in Brussels of the representatives
of the United States and other neutral Powers, the capital
has escaped from the pillage and slaughter that marked the
German advances through the villages and towns of Eastern
Belgium. But it is clear that the Germans have only been
restrained through the fear of exciting public opinion, in
America.
For they have gone back to the barbarous, mediaeval,
practice of holding to ransom the city they did not sack.
A levy of £ 8,000,000 has been made on the people of
Brussels, and another huge sum has been exacted from
Liege. The Germans do not even wait till they have won
the great war before demanding indemnities.
Teutonic conquerors swaggering in a cart down the Boulevard Botanique in the Belgian capital
xSsj
s 'Wtt&t
pss 1
1
is m
mak “UgL.
<•. I
loilL. .;
German infantry crossing the Place Charles Rogier, watched by the silent Belgian crowd, and photographed at considerable risk.
The Tl'ur Illustrated, 5th September, 1914.
ttr>-
HOW THE WAR
The Battles in the West
QN Saturday, August 22nd, the Germans reached the
Belgian iron-mining town of Charleroi on the Sambre
right against the battle front of the Franco-British forces.
These stretched from the hill town of Mons, cast of Charleroi,
to the frontier of the Duchy of Luxemburg. On Sunday,
August 23rd, General Joffre attempted to smash up the
entire German forces by a series of concerted attacks at
five points along their far-extended line.
To the British troops under Sir John French was assigned
the vital, arduous task of preventing a much superior
German force from driving in the left French flank. If
our soldiers failed to hold the enemy the French line would
be crumpled up. They did not fail.
* * *
'THE British troops fought on high ground, and the
1 Germans gathered for attack in a wood to the north¬
west of Mons, where their preparatory movements were
concealed by the trees. The distance between the armies
was about three miles, and there was a canal between them.
The British gunners reserved their fire till the enemy,
thinking our defence was weakening, swarmed out of the
woods and advanced to the canal.
Then our artillery opened fire, and our soldiers in the
trenches, aiming coolly and quicklv, brought the Germans
down in thousands. The Germans had many more guns
than our force, but our deadly infantry fire helped to make
a balance, as the' German rifleman were not good shots.
* * *
’THE struggle lasted for thirty-six hours. Several times
1 the German masses reached the canal, and then
threw pontoons over the water. These, however, were
destroyed by the British artillery. Six attacks on the
British position were made by six fresh bodies of German
troops, and close and desperate fighting took place in a
village to the west of the town. Whole columns of German
infantry fell, and their piled up bodies blocked the streets.
* * *
THE enemy was continually reinforced. Our troops
1 fought on against the fresh forces hurled against
them, and would have held the field victorious, if
events elsewhere had not weakened the Allied front.
But the French army on the right had not been able to
make good its offensive movements against the German
lines. So on Monday our troops had to retire from Belgium
into France in order to keep in touch with their with-,
drawing comrades in arms.
General Joffre had divided his host into five armies.
One army, on the right flank in Lorraine, acted around
Fancy on the defensive. The other four French armies
advanced at various points in a series of attacks upon the
German front. None of these attacks was successful in
piercing the German lines.
ri * * *
THE principal French action took place in and around
Charleroi, not far eastward from the British position.
Five times the city was taken and lost by the French,
and at last the Germans fired the houses to make the place
difficult to hold.
■ The Arab regiments from Northern Africa, known as
Turcos, and the black troops from Senegal seemed to
have formed the larger part of the French army at Charleroi.
The vehemence and fury of the Turcos’ charges were
astonishing. The Prussian Imperial Guard—the flower
of Teutonic valour—had to be brought up to meet them.
* £ *
DUT for some reason, still unknown, the French
AJ Commander-in-Chief was finally obliged ’ to give over
this magnificent offensive movement. Either the fall
of Namur—held by insufficient Belgian troops, whom
the French had been unable fully to reinforce—or the
failure of the attack in the south through the Ardennes
against the German lines of communications, made the
French attack unavailing at the supreme point and critical
hour.
WAGES
Page 72
THE STORY OF THE
GREAT CONFLICT
TOLD WEEK BY WEEK
Thus on the afternoon of Monday, August 24th, after
three days of continuous fighting, the French withdrew
from Charleroi and the British troops at Mons moved in
line with them, to prevent being isolated and enveloped
by the enemy. It was during this difficult and harassing
business of withdrawing with our Allies that most of our
losses of 2,000 men appear to have occurred.
* * *
THEN, according to General Joffre, the British Army
1 “by throwing the whole strength against forces,
which had a great numerical superiority, contributed in
the most effective manner to securing the left flank of
the French Army. It exhibited,” continued the French
Commander-in-Chief, “ a devotion, energy, and perseverance
to which I must pay my tribute. The French Army will
never forget the service rendered to it.”
* * *
IT appears that, during the retirement from Mons to
Lille and Maubeugc, and farther south between
Cambrai and Le Catcau, the small, wearied, overworked
British Expeditionary Force practically saved the vast
French host from a grave disaster. By rapid marches
our men reached the position of danger and the centre
of the Allied battle line at Cambrai. They were put in
this tragic post of supreme honour in recognition of the
prowess shown at Mons.
On Wednesday, August 26th, five German army corps,
with a vast mass of cavalry—outnumbering our men
bv nearly three to one—were hurled against our central
position at Cambrai. Our front was slightly turned, our
men being pushed by sheer weight of numbers a short
distance to the rear. But they saved the flanking of the
French Army, inflicted great loss on the enemy, and,
though their own casualties were heavy, their behaviour
was admirable.
* * *
THE new front, at dawn on Frida)’, August 28th, still
1 stretched for 250 miles across France, barring the
roads to Paris, and holding an attacking position by the
Vosges Mountains.
* * *
The Ru;sian Advance
IN spite, therefore, of the failure of the first French
1 offensive movement, the intact main lines of the
Allied Armies in France still offered battle to the
advancing German host. And in Germany the position
of the enemy was rapidly growing worse. For the Russians
were driving on towards Berlin with unexpected speed and
strength.
The first Russian Army, under General Rennenkampf,
invaded Eastern Prussia, and on August 22nd, after a two
days’ engagement, defeated 160,000 Germans at the town
of Gumbinnen, and captured a large number of guns.
The beaten German troops retired by forced marches to
the fortress town of Konigsberg, on the Baltic Sea. They
abandoned, without firing a shot, their fortified position on
the River Angerapp, and all roads beyond the river were
strewn with cartridges, shells and knapsacks, thrown away
by the panic-stricken foe.
* * *
DY forced marches the Russians, on August 27th, had
driven a wedge between the German forces which
were still being kept on the run towards Berlin. The
advance guard of the garrison of Konigsberg was driven
in, and the great fortress was being invested.
At the -same time, another vast Russian host—four
hundred miles away from East Prussia—was proceeding
with equal success against Austria, and invading Galicia—-
a region of oilfield, constituting the only source of oil supply
still open to the Teutonic peoples. Austria was, moreover,
weakened by risings in Bohemia, Bosnia, and other alien
dominions, and still reeling from a terrible blow, delivered
by Servia.
iii. The War Illustrated, 5th September, 1914.
LITTLE STORIES OF THE GREAT WAR ^ c, Sum^™°e d st
YY/AR, the divider, lias strangely wrecked many happy
international marriages. In many cases the bonds
of human affection have prevailed against the sentiment
of patriotism. Such is the case of two half-brothers,
sons of an Englishwoman who married first a German
and then a Frenchman, and had a son by each husband.
Rather than fight on opposite sides the two brothers
have disregarded their mobilisation orders.
* * *
JN South London a German household has been rent
apart. The eldest bov, born in Germany, has set
out to fight for the land of his birth. His two younger
brothers have been training as Territorials, and, faithful
to their adopted country, they are now on active service,
fighting for the British Empire.
* # *
Tragedy of a London Family
JTVEN more deeply tragical is the condition of another
London family. The father, a German merchant
with a stern sense of duty, has crossed the sea to rejoin
his old regiment. But his only son has just as strong
feelings for Britain. He is fighting in the Royal Flying
Corps, and.he may now be scouting or bomb-throwing
along the great frontier of war.
* * *
IT is clear that some of the German soldiers have no
desire to injure France, Belgium, and England—the
lands of freedom. During the fighting round Liege,
one of the dashing cavalrymen, drawn from the aristocratic
class, let himself be captured without resistance by the
Belgian troops. Holding up his arms, he shouted : “ Sozial
Democrate ! Sozial Democrate ! ” There are four and a
half millions of Social Democrats in Germany. If many
of them adopt this peaceful way of fighting, the strength
of the Prussian military- caste will soon be undermined.
* * *
Five Pounds for a GermaVs Life !
V/fR. H. G. WELLS once said that Prussia was the
1 1 feudalism of the Middle Ages arrayed in modern
armour. One of the ficrce-looking officers of the cavalry
scouts of the three German army corps that invaded
Belgium seemed to think that mediaeval ideas of ransom
still obtain. When he was outplayed in horsemanship
and wounded in the leg by a young Belgian lancer, he
held up a banknote for ioo marks—£5—crying : “ Don’t
kill me ! 1 would rather be your prisoner ! ” So he
was taken captive. He must have got the banknote
ready when he rode out that morning!
♦ ♦ ♦
HTHE extraordinary scene of a young French soldier
1 of the Reserves crying like a woman when he was
brought to the barracks was recently observed at Versailles.
At first his comrades feared that one among them was
proving a coward. They roughly asked him if he was
afraid of the dangers and hardships awaiting him. "Not
at all,” said the weeping soldier. “ I’m ready to fight.
But my wife and children ! I leave them with only a
couple of francs in the house. I hadn’t time to, get more
money in.”
The other soldiers at once passed round the hat, and
in the evening the young Reservist was able to send 200
francs and more to his distressed household.
* -is *
German Soldiers in Misfit Boots
THE late arrivals in the quaint, old-world Flemish
town of Bruges, with its peaceful canals and tall,
red belfry, seemed to be pleased with their lot. They consist
of half a thousand German soldiers captured before Liege.
Most of them were young fellows of twenty-three, who
were wildly surprised to find themselves in the hands
of the Belgians. They thought they were fighting the
French. The only prisoner with medals is a charming
older man, who has fought in South-West Africa and
wears four ribbons, one with four clasps.
He is full of good humour and merriment, in spite of
the fact that he has been shot through both legs. N'ow
that he has changed his German boots for comfortable
slippers he doesn’t mind being wounded. The new,
heavy German boots have crippled him and all other
troops in the first army of invasion. He says he saw six
German aeroplanes brought down by shrapnel. I Ie is
delighted with his food and lodging, which are the same
as Belgian soldiers enjoy in peace times. Writing home,
he says : “ Am in Bruges near the sea in Belgium. Have
escaped death by a miracle, and been captured by the
Belgians. Am quite comfortable here.”
* * #
Uhlans as Willing Prironers
I ANCER BOGAERTS, a daring Flemish horseman,
Lj has invented a wild new game. He was a L'hian
tackier. It was his custom, whenever any of these German
scouting cavalrymen were anywhere in the neighbourhood
of the Belgian lancers, to set off alone, and charge any troop
of Uhlans he met. He usually wounded or even killed
one of them, and thereupon the others surrendered. I.anccr
Bogaerts in this manner took fourteen Uhlans prisoners,
wounded several, and killed three, without getting hurt.
The fact is the first invading German army was so weak
and tortured by want of food that many of the men were
only too glad to be captured.
tine Belgian soldier said that when he wanted to capture
a German lie did not use a rifle ; he merely went out with
slices of bread-and-butter, and the starving Germans
willingly surrendered when they saw food.
* t *
IN Britain a good many marriages between young couples
1 have been postponed until the war is over. But both
in France and in Germany there has been an extraordinary
number of quick marriages between soldiers and their
girls. In Paris the mayors and their clerks have
been working day and night, uniting Reservists and their
sweethearts. In the poorer parts of the city there have
been four times the usual number of marriages. For¬
malities have been reduced to a minimum, the military
certificate of the soldier and the birth certificate of the
woman being enough to go on. In one case in Montmartre
tiie young man had wooed the girl in vain for nearly a
year” But when the mobilisation order came she was
more eager than her lover to be married at once.
. * * *
A Love-Letter from the Bat'.lefield
(ANE of our war correspondents was going over the
^ battlefield at Haelen, where the Belgians had stopped
the German advance and slain twelve hundred of the in¬
vaders. While the farm-labourers with their spades were
digging the great grave, the Englishman saw a sheet of
thin notepaper lying amid the trampled wheat. It was a
love-letter written by a Belgian the night before the battle
to his sweetheart.
“ Darling,” it ran, " in this war Fate has been more cruel
to us than to many other nations. If I do not live to create
for you the life of happiness we dreamt of, remember that
my only wish now is that you should be happy. Forget me.
Make some happy home for yourself that will bring you
some of the larger joys of life. As for myself, I shall die
joyfully thinking of your love. My last thought is of you
and of those I leave at home, take’ this, the last kiss, from
the man who loves you.”
What heroism and tenderness !
rse r '+
IV
The War Illustrated.
5th September, 1914.
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The Mar Illustrated, 12th September, 1014.
Registered at the G.P.O. as a newspaper.
Sze
MASTERLY DESCRIPTION OF THE BATTLE OF MO™
74
Latest German Invention—The Red Cross Machine-Gun!
Week ending
12 Sept.. 1911
The IT’aj- Illustrated, 32th September, 1814.
SOME FACTS AND FANCIES ABOUT THE GREAT WAR
Patriotism in Practice
THE dvmer of a motor-car which, hearing on its bonnet
the British, French, and Belgian flags in miniature,
upheld by a Russian bear mascot, evoked the enthusiasm
of the public on its wav to Basingstoke. Station, had an
unexpected opportunity of putting his’ patriotism into
practice.
Whilst a body of recruits bound for the nearest military
depot was changing trains, one slipped and fell on the
platform cutting his leg severely. Hastilyimprovisingaband-
age, the motorist bore him off in his car to a doctor, had the
wound dressed,.and returned with his charge to the station
inside a few minutes, enabling the man to catch his train.
Colonials who are He'ping
YY/E arc not an Empire in name only ; Britain’s younger
brothers intend to assist the flag. The Dominion of
Canada has placed at the disposal of the Admiralty the
cruisers Rainbow and Niobe for commerce protection, also
two submarines. They have further made arrangements
in Canada to raise an expeditionary force of 20,000 men,
this number to be added to as might be required. The
Government of the Commonwealth of
Australia has placed the Royal Austra¬
lian Navy under Imperial control, and
offered an expeditionary force of 20,000
men. The Government of New Zealand
lias put its naval forces under Ad¬
miralty' control, and are preparing to
dispatch 8,000 men, to be reinforced
with drafts from time to time. New¬
foundland, our oldest colony, decided to
enlist and equip 500 men for land service
abroad, and, of course, our Indian troops
will be used against Germany.
The Kaiser and God
“ J REJOICE with you in Wilhelm’s
first victory. How magnificently
God supported him! ”—Telegram from
the Kaiser to the Crown Princess.
Led by Wilhelm, as you tell,
God has done extremely well ;
You with patronising nod
Show that you approve of God.
Kaiser, face a question new—
This—does God approve of you ?
Broken pledges, treaties torn.
Your first page of war adorn ;
We on fouler things must look
Who read further in that book.
Where you did in time of war
All that you in peace forswore.
Where you, barbarously wise,
Bade your soldiers terrorise,
Where you made—the deed was fine—
Women screen your firing line.
Villages burned down to dust.
Torture, murder, bestial lust.
Filth too foul for printer’s ink,
Crimes from which the apes would shrink-
Strange the offerings that you press
On the God of Righteousness 1
(HARRY /'A1X, in the “Times.’’)
Why Britain took a Hand
gIR FREDERICK POLLOCK, the greatest living
authority on international law, has made our position
in the war clear to tire American public. He savs : “ Great
Britain is at war with Germany to defend public law and
the faith of treaties. It is not for fhe balance of power,
nor from jealousy of German expansion, nor even to dis¬
charge an honourable duty of supporting France, though
this last motive was legitimate and might have been
sufficient.
" Germany, with all the Great Powers, was bound by
(~\UR front-page picture is a
well-verified record of the
solemn and fundamental treaties to respect- Belgian
neutrality. Those treaties were evidently intended to be
operative in time of war ; they are of no other use. But
the Prussian military party proclaimed that no treaty
whatever is binding on a belligerent who thinks to find
military advantage in breaking it; and this they impru¬
dently call a necessity which knows no law.
“ The public lay of Europe and of the civilised world
knows nothing of any such necessities. So thinking, we,
the people of these .kingdoms—for our Government spoke
the mind of the whole nation—gave Germany the dearest
warning of the consequences. France had undertaken
without reserve not to meddle with Belgium. Berlin offered
us the * infamous proposal,’ as Mr. Asquith called it We
were to barter Belgian rights for a conditional promise that
Belgian territory (in Europe, mark that) should not be
annexed. So long as there is any care for justice in the
world, and any nation that prefers justice and honour to
ease, only one answer to such proposals is possible ; and
we gave it.”
* * *
A Note by the Editor
true,
most
ghastly, inhuman fact in the German
conduct of the present war.
Our war artist, Mr. C. M. Shelddn,
tells me that when he was in Cuba
during the Spanish-America conflict, he
found himself one evening with a war
correspondent five miles from the base
camp.
Both men ■ were utterly tired out,
and felt it would be better almost to
fall asleep hungry in the bush, father
than tramp in darkness to food and
shelter. Happily, an American am¬
bulance waggon came by, and room
was made in it for two weary non-com¬
batants.
Suddenly, the Red Cross man saw
that Mr. Sheldon was carrying a re¬
volver. “.Have you a gun on you,
also?” he asked the other man. “Of
course,” was the reply. “ Who’d tramp
about a place like this without one ? ”
“ You get off right here, or throw
away your guns, quick, both of you,”
said the American Red Cross man
angrily, “ Don’t you know it’s against
the Hague Convention for anyone to
ride in a Red Cross waggon unless he
is unarmed ? ”
Mr. Sheldon and his friend left the
waggon, rather than lose their revolvers.
That is how Red Cross work in war is
conducted by civilised people.
Now for the contrast. A few days ago an English lady
of my acquaintance returned, after much difficulty, from
Baden-Baden in the German Black Forest, where she had
gone for a holiday.
She informs me that just before she left Baden-Baden
a large number of Red Cross ambulance- waggons passed
through the town. She saw, in every waggon, German
officers sitting, fully armed.
She asked a German lady friend, by her side, what the
extraordinary scene meant. No answer was given.
But I have found the answer in a letter from an English
correspondent at Boulogne. He talked to five survivors of
the seven hundred British soldiers who fought 5,000 German
horsemen at Tournai. Each soldier stated on his word of
honour that three Red Cross waggons arrived and opened
fire on our men with deadly machine-guns. It was, indeed,
the appearance of the three ambulance waggons, with •
machine-guns among our still half-doubting men, that
compelled the survivors to retire with their convoy and
wounded.
mom T-- ; ■< WAtf.s
•Ort EyfcfcY C+HX ,K Solo
T««C£ pmcr. Goal, to iw FUKD
pirttvrrtc vtCTV’iz.
A reproduction of the beautiful Patriotic
Picture-postcard of H.R.H. the Prince
of Wales. Every copy purchased
means threepence to the National
Relief Fund.
5 ' -Ok- ~ — . __.
“AU REVOIR—TILL WE BEAT BACK THE GERMANS!”
A representative group of the sons of France passing through one of their town3 into the battle-line. Each man carries a spare
pair of boots to make sure of his marching ability.
The TTar Illustrated, 12th September, 1914.
Page 74
THE GREAT EPISODES OF THE WAR
I.—The Three Days’ Battle of Mons
THE WAR ILLUSTRATED, while being a living record
of the events of the week preceding its publication, is carefully
designed by its Editor to serve, when bound in volume form, as
a permanent pictorial history of the great European conflict.
It has, therefore, been decided to publish, week by week, a full
historical description of one of the great outstanding events in the
progress of the war.
The writing of these chapters has been entrusted to an author
of the highest literary standing, and will be finished accounts based
upon official information, and on Ike most trustworthy evidence
of officers and men engaged in the actions described.
As far as possible historical sequence •will be adhered to in their
O N Saturday, August 22nd, amid the wooded slopes
and watered valleys of the little Belgian mining city
of Mons. the British army began its campaign for
the defence of the peaceful, progressive civilisation of
Europe. Three miles south of the long line of British
entrenchments was the battlefield of Malplaquet, where,
two hundred and five years since, the Duke of Marlborough
won his last great victory in the struggle against Louis XIV.
for the balance of power on the Continent, at a cost of
20,000 men. Sir John French was to win a more important
battle against afar more powerful foe at a tenth of that cost.
Our men began to arrive early on Saturday morning, and
the Belgian colliery folk living by the mines round Mons
were filled with the wildest, maddest joy. At last, the
mysterious British army, about whose ianding on the
Continent rumours had been spreading for a week, had
come to the help of the brave, overwhelmed Belgian nation.
Scarcely anything was needed by our troops from their
own stores of food. The people pressed all they had upon
them, and gladly dug the trenches running south to the
French frontier, on the western flank where the main
German attack was expected. Many women helped in
the work, and it was not done too quickly, for, about four
o’clock on Saturday afternoon, eight German aeroplanes
came scouting over the British position. Our flying men
soared, and tried to engage them in a skirmish in the sky,
while the townspeople of Mons and the miners and mechanics
of the outlying villages were, for safety, hurried away with
their families to the French town of Valenciennes.
After a
Thirty-Mile March
In the evening the guns spoke, Tire British artillery %vas
well set on the hills surrounding Mons, commanding the
canal of the town, over which the Germans had to pass.
The German artillery opened fire at a considerable distance,
but came nearer as night 'fell and veiled the operations.
In the meantime, additional bodies of British troops
marched into the town after a long tramp. Some of them were
tired after doing thirty miles in the day, with a heavy load
on their backs ; but they gallantly flung themselves into
the fighting-line, and began to dig entrenchments, lying on
their stomachs. Up to Monday morning, British brigades
arrived at Mons, rushing at once to battle., and digging
themselves in with cool, steady speed.
For when Sunday morning dawned, it was clear that
Sir John French would need every available man within
marching distance. An enormous force of Germans was
collecting in the shelter of woods on the north and west of
the town for a sledge-hammer stroke on the left flank of the
allied armies. The Kaiser had publicly vowed he would
at once annihilate or capture any British army acting
against him on the Continent, if it cost him a million men
to do so. He was now preparing to carry out his threat.
Facing
Frightful Odds
The destruction of the British force would not only gratify
his fierce desire for vengeance on our country, but turn the
entire French battle-line, and ensure the swift, irretrievable
overthrow of the military power of France.
Our comparatively small army, intended only to support
a driving French attack against the Germans which failed,
suddenly became the living shield of the whole of France.
From the beginning of the fight our men were outnumbered
publication, and they will be written only when adequate information
is al the disposal of the author.
These brilliant contributions, read in conjunction with the weekly
review of rocnls, will form a magnificent popular history of the war.
In this way it will be seen that the claim of the publishers to
provide in THE WAR ILLUSTRATED a publication at
once alive 'with journalistic interest and of permanent literary
and artistic value, will be fully justified.
Our readers are again warned that, owing to the amazing
popularity of THE WAR ILLUSTRATED, the publishers
are entirely out of copies of the first three numbers, and they cannot
be reprinted.
by three to one, our guns were far less numerous than the
enemy’s, and so were our Maxims. In all material things
the odds were heavily against us, and they grew still heavier
as the battle went on, and the Germans brought up more
troops to encompass and annihilate our force.
when the main attack opened on Sunday morning,'the
scene was like a Sabbath landscape in the Cotswoids. One
British gunner, who had .come from that part of England,
said that the quiet, sunny beauty of the hilly country
made him think of his father and sister going at that hour
down the green, peaceful lanes to church. Suddenly a
German aeroplane swept over the British entrenchments.
A Human
Tidal Wave
The flying foe took the range with his instrument and
apparently sent a message to his batteries. Anyhow,
some German gunners got the range of- our infantry posi¬
tions with surprising quickness. The Sabbath calm was
shattered by the thunder of guns and the shriek and
explosion of shell and shrapnel. Massed in overwhplminjg
power, in Napoleonic fashion, the German artillery fire
swept our trenches.
Then, when the German commander reckoned that our
men had been put out of action, bluish-grey masses came out
of a distant wood and tore—a human tidal wave—towards
the canal that moated the British position. The pick of Ger¬
man infantry, regiments famed for victories over Dane,
Austrian, and Frenchman, were hastening alert, gay, and
.confident, to their first historic fight with British soldiers.
Every man of them knew by heart the words written by
their great Moltke : “ Now that all Continental troops are
armed with long-range rifles, the traditional supremacy of
the British infantryman is over. They will have no oppor¬
tunity to display their ability in. hand-to-hand fighting.”
“The Day”
Had Arrived
So the Prussians came on, exultant and furious, to annul
completely the ancient traditions of the last great nation in
Western Europe with a military fame equal, at least, to
theirs. The Day” had arrived ! They would redress
on land the power we won at sea. One man, watching
them from the trenches, remarked that they seemed to
think that taking our position would be a picnic.
There was no finesse or subtle skill about the German
attack. It was just a plain, straight blow, delivered with
terrific force, and the utmost swiftness. The blue-grey
troops came in a moving wall towards our trenches in close
formation, as soon as their guns cleared a path for them.
Our men thought them mad, but there was method in their
madness.
A creeping, Boer-like attack in open order, with the
scattered troops slowly advancing from cover to cover, is
disdained by the Germans. It is too slow, and it requires
too much initiative from the individual infantryman. The
German relies on his military machine, on his 110,000 non¬
commissioned officers, who keep the private soldiers in such
firm control that a column will fall rather than break.
In tens of thousands were they sacrificed when our
men opened fire. With a sureness and steadiness of aim
unknown in Continental warfare, the British soldier taught
the German the tragic lesson he had learned from the Boer.
Our artillery, admirably handled, raked the advancing
enemy, but he was in such numbers that our shells and
Page 75
shrapnel could not stop him. The gaps in the distant
columns closed as soon, almos't, as they were made.
The columns swept onward—a river of dim grey, almost
invisible on the green, sunny landscape, and spreading in
flood against the British trenches. By sheer numbers they
defeated our artillery fire. They could not be killed
quickly enough to hinder the advance. It was like the
onset of the locked, disciplined, unshaken horde of a Zulu
nnpi, that used to win by devoting more of its men to death
than the defending army had time to slay before the position
was .stormed.
But, as the Boers long since proved, the brute force of
a Zulu impi attack can be repulsed simply by the quality of
the rifle fire of tire defenders. This is what happened round
the canal of Mons. When the German columns came
within the range of our infantry, thev met so steady, well-
directed a storm of bullets that, for the first time in. a
-hundred years, the wonderful Prussian war machine was
broken up. The stricken troops halted, looked about in a
dazed way, and ran like hares.
Our men were as cool and easy as if they were shooting
at Bisley, though their rifles at times grew extremely hot
The War Illustrated, 12th September, 1914.
trenches,, lighting the mark for the whistling shells. German
shrapnel, it appears, did not do much damage—though it
was. more harmful than German rifle fire. The shrapnel
with the. rain of bullets, exploded in an ineffectual way.
But the shrieking German shells—fired six at a time, so
that one burst over the trench, if five wasted their missiles
of death on empty ground—were sometimes calculated
to disturb the British soldier.
But he was not disturbed. For thirty-six hours he held
his ground. Six times the German commander hurried
up vast masses of fresh troops, concentrated the over¬
powering fire of his artillery to cover their advance, and
then hurled them on the British position. The invincible
Iron Regiment was -brought up—the irresistible Prussian
Guard. One and all staggered back, shattered, stunned.
The price our army paid by the-waters of. the Tugela and
the Modder was recovered a hundredfold by the canal of Mons.
Often our cavalry would finish what our infantry began
—the foot soldiers sending a volley into the hesitating
enemy, and opening for the hussars. With a curdling yell
the broken Germans fled. And none of the German
horsemen stood against our cavalry.
Sunday, August 23rd, 1914 - Dawn in the trenches.
with incessant firing. " Pick your man 1 ” cried our
officers, 'they picked him—in hundreds — in thousands.
Vi c never expected anything like your rifle fire,” said a
wounded German captain afterwards. " It was staggering.”
A French officer also marvelled at the extraordinary
effect of the fire from our trenches, under which the grey
masses beyond melted and scattered, leaving large, faint
stains on the grass. In an interval between the onslaughts,
he came down to look at our men. In the trench in which
he settled himself to study the psychology of British soldiers
in their deadliest hour in history, a furious discussion was
going on. It was all about the merits or demerits of
Gunboat Smith, the American prize-fighter who withdrew
from his match with the young Englishman, Ahearn !
When the German advance was resumed, the quarrel
about the departure of the Yankee heavy-weight' dropped.
The men turned coolly to the business on hand, and shot
the Germans down like rabbits. At times thev felt sorrv
for their enemies. It seemed to them they were not giving
the foe fair play. For his rifle fire, aimed from the hip,
was ridiculously bad. " Kaiser Bill’s men,” was the general
saying, “ couldn’t hit a haystack at fifty yards.”
I he only thing from which our men as a whole seem
seriously to have suffered was the shell fire from the Krupp
guns. At night the enemy’s searchlights flashed on our
Our gunners fought just as well as our infantry and
cavalrymen. One by one the batteries stopped defending
the position. The German leader, feeling sure at last of
his ground, ordered an immense advance of fresh troops
against the British trenches.
Out of the woods the Germans swung to victory. When
they were well within range, the silent British guns
encouraged them to come farther. More troops, therefore,
were launched to make good the probable losses from the
terrible British infantrv fire. When the trap was full, the
British guns spoke amid the crackle of the rifles and the
racket of the hot, steaming Maxims. So again the moving
grey mass disappeared.
Apparently there were not many bayonet charges at
Mons. The Germans were usually unable to get near
enough to our trenches. But the South Lancashires are
said to have got home with terrible effect with the " white
arm,” against which no German—though brave to the
point of death in some ways—cares to stand. In the end
our troops not only held their ground, but took one of the
German positions. Mons was a greater Waterloo, but our
new allies on this occasion were unable to carry out the
great task of holding their line, so that our men had to
begin tp retire on Monday from the field of their
\ ictory.
Page 76
The TTar Illustrated, 12th September, 1914.
Among the
First to Fall—Some of Our Dead Heroes
Colonel R. C. BOND, Major C. S. HOLLAND, Major C. A. L. YATE, Major P. B. STRAFFORD,
King’s Own Yorkshire L.l. Royal Field Artillery. King’s Own Yorkshire L.l. Duke of Wellington’s Regt.
Captain A. R. KEPPEL, Captain C. H. BROWNING, Captain A. C. Q. LUTHER, Captain Q. M. SHI PWAY,
King’3 Own Yorkshire LM. Royal Field Artillery. King’s Own Yorkshire L.l Gloucester Regiment.
Lieut. G. C. WYNNE, Captain W. E. GATACRE, Captain R. A. JONES, Lieut. S. H. DENISON,
King’s Own Yorkshire L.l. King’s Own Yorkshire L.l. Royal Field Artillery. King’s Own Yorkshire L.l,
Lieut VISCOUNTHAWARDEN, 2nd Lieut. A. F. RITCHIE, Lieut, and Adjt. J. A. BOWLES,
Coldstream Guards. King’s Own Yorkshire L.l. Royal Field Artillery.
Photos by Gale <fc Polden, ilaull <fc Fox, Lafayette. Speaight, Lteath, Sport <fc General
2nd Lieut. W. H. COQHLAN
Royal Field Artillery.
Page 77
New
The War Illustrated, 12 th September, 1914 .
Names for the Golden Roll of Fame
"THE 9th Lancers seem to have repeated,
under almost identical conditions, the
famous Charge of the Light Brigade at
Balaclava. Under a hail of lead they rode
at a batter}^ of eleven German guns which,
posted inside a wood, were causing terrible
loss amongst our infantry. Nothing could
stop the infuriated horses and men. They
reached the battery, cut down all the gun¬
ners, and put the guns out of action. The
Duke of Westminster and Captain Grenfell
took prominent parts in this heroic operation.
DUKE OF WESTMINSTER
was hit in both legs and had two fingers shot off during the new Balaclava, yet he helped to save two British guns, whose
out. In extremest danger he waspicked up by the Duke of Westminster whocarried him into safety under heavy fire.
General Sir PHILIP CHETWODE, D.S.O., commanding tl
5th British Cavalry Brigade, fought a brilliant action wi
the German cavalry, in which the 12th Lancers and Royal Sco
Qreyj routed the enemy and speared large numbers in fligl
Lieut. PERCY WYNDHAM, who took part in the magnificent
Lancer charge. He is a son of the Countess of Qrosvenor
and is well known in London society. Last year he married
the youngest daughter of Lord Ribblesdale.
The H’ur Illustrated, 12th September, 1914.
Page 78
From Red Field of Battle to Red Cross
British soldiers who will repay their wounds with interest.
Inside a base hospital. Surgeon applying an anaesthetic
prior to operating upon a soldier injured at Mons.
'THE first casualty list from our Expeditionary Force
1 was surprising. In the fiercest battle and rearguard
action in our annals, practically three of our divisions—
say 35,000 men—had only 163 men killed. The small
number of wounded—686—was even more remarkable,
even if some of the men reported as missing were afterwards
included in it.
On the same spot—Mons—the Duke of .Marlborough
lost 20,000 men in 1709, and obtained a far less decisive
result than Sir John French did when he saved the French
flank. Modern science seems to have really made war
less dreadful in reality and more terrifying in appearance.
The thunder of the great guns, the rending shriek of
the shrapnel, the whistle and burst of the shell, are certainly
frightful to hear. But the old battle with bayonets and
a few feeble guns was far more murderous.
In another direction, modern science has nelped the
fighting man. The use of ether and chloroform in opera¬
tions, in field and base hospitals, together with the glorious
discovery of Lord Lister—antiseptic surgery—helps hun¬
dreds of thousands of injured soldiers to recover under
conditions in which warriors of old died.
This hospital ship brought to Southampton nearly two hundred wounded British, most of whom had been disabled by shells,
Page 79
The War Illustrated, 12th September, 1914.
All in a day’s work—To the Front and back again
British infantry lined up for kit inspection at Havre
immediately before departing to the front.
A group of wounded British soldiers playing cards on their
voyage home from Havre.
One of the Middlesex and a Yorkshire Light Infantryman at a
military hospital.
Football enthusiasts who enlist may still have opportunities to play their favourite game. This picture shows a party of British
soldiers indulging in the pastime at Havre whilst a French sentry watches them with interest.
The War Illustrated, 12th September, 1914:
Page 80
Fighting the
Invaders “Yard by
The German War Lords hurled such an irresistible mass of men aga,inst the Allies that the latter were obliged to abandon their
position on the French frontier and fight retiring actions. As they recede they throw up trenches.
Defenders in a trench naturally have a great advantage over any attacking force. The Allies laugh at Germany’s rifle-fire, but
her artillery, assisted by aeroplanes which fly over our lines and signal where to drop shells, has proved very effective.
A fearful toll is being extracted from Germany for its invasion. Even if the enemy were to reduce Paris,
its capture calls for an appallingly greater expenditure of life now than it did in 1870.
Page 81
The War Illustrated , 12th September, 1914.
Angels of Mercy Prepare to Play Their Part
A MODERN Army nurse
works as hard as a
mother bringing up a family
of ten children on ten shillings
a week. She is a woman of
many parts — a charwoman,
a cook-, and a washerwoman —
and in all these capacities,
and especially as a cook, she
must work quieter and better
than an ordinary woman.
Very often her medical
duties and her skilled nursing
of wounded soldiers are the
lightest part of her labours.
The clean wound made by the
modern bullet and the
marvellous advances of
surgical science have lightened
the healing task of the
nurse.
On the other hand, the
vital necessity for absolute
cleanliness and freedom
from microbe infections
have transformed her into an
The matron and sisters of Queen Alexandra’s Imperial Nursing Service leaving Dublin for
the seat of war.
Red Cross nurses teaching volunteer nurses the art of preparing
food for soldiers unable to eat ordinary rations.
Nurses at the front do a big proportion of their cooking at field
ovens. One is shown herewith.
British nurses passing through a French town on their way to the front.
They reached the scene of hostilities just in time.
incessant scrubber and washer. Everything around
the wounded soldier must be spotless and, if possible,
disinfected. The danger of disease supervening
after an operation, which may embrace the amputa¬
tion of a limb, is ever present unless the surround¬
ings of a wounded man are perfectly clean.
Strong, intelligent girls who have gone through
a good cooking class could soon be shaped into verv
helpful nurses on the battlefield. Our injured,
out-worn troops often require delicate feeding more
than the services of a trained hospital nurse.
Their fagged-out bodies cannot, for the time, digesr
the ordinary rations. Yet if their strength is to be
quickly recovered, they must be at once fed on
fresh, well-cooked food. The modern nurse, there¬
fore, must know how to erect and use a field oven,
and get a meal out of it fit to tempt the appetite
of her invalids.
Some ladies, with a knowledge of first-aid treat¬
ment, who volunteered for service as Red Cross
nurses, were surprised by the number of ordinary
household duties they had to study. They found
they were mainly required to be domestic servants
to the Army. When peace comes they will be better
able to look after their own homes.
The War Illustrated , 12th September, 1914.
Page 82
The Lion Roared and German Cruisers Sank
This is our First Battle Cruiser Squadron, headed by the flagship Lion, which gave Germany a sharp lesson in naval warfare
in Heligoland Bight. Inset: Rear-Admiral Sir David Beatty, who commands the squadron.
"THE Kaiser’s Navy has long tried to
impress the world with its mighty
power. Yet, at the very commencement
of hostilities, it scuttled into harbour fast¬
nesses and skulked in fear. After nearly
a month of anxious watching, our admirals
decided to force an encounter. Their
idea was to scoop the German light craft
into the open sea by means of a strong force
of destroyers headed by the Arethusa. A
glorious success attended the plan. The
gallant Arethusa and its supports did their
share well. The Arethusa hammered at
every enemy in sight, and, in a maimed
condition, was in danger of being sent to
the bottom by two powerful German
cruisers, when our Battle Cruiser Squadron
took their part in the affray. Our de¬
vastating i3'5 in. guns were turned upon
the enemy, and their cruisers suffered the
fate they had intended for the Arethusa.
Captain W. R. Hall, of the Queen
Mary, whose guns helped to send
the Germans to “ Davy Jones’s
locker.”
Altogether the Kaiser’s Fleet was
diminished by three cruiser, two des¬
troyers and 1,200 officers and men, whilst
our loss was slight, sixty-nine men
killed and wounded, and no vessels
permanently put out of action.
It is officially stated that German officers
actually fired at their own seamen struggling
in the water, and our destroyer Defender
was picking up wounded enemies when a
German cruiser drove her off. A sub¬
marine came to the surface and rescued
the boat’s crew of British sailors.
The whole affray took place within
range of Heligoland forts, which were
rendered useless by the thick mist that
shrouded operations.
Our success was due in the first instance,
however, to our submarines, who have
shown extraordinary daring and enterprise
in penetrating the enemy’s waters.
Our submarines made the victory possible, and E4 rescued the British heroes who were attacked when saving wounded enemies.
■ »
H.M.S. New Zealand (a gilt from New Zealand) took part in the Heligoland battle. Inset: Captain Lionel Halsey, its commander.
Page 83
The TT'ar Illustrated, 12th September, 1914.
Short Shrift for Cruisers “Made in Germany”
THE cruiser and destroyer
skirmish in the Bight of
Heligoland has an importance
far beyond its immediate
results. Small though it was
in scale, it will very likely
rank as one of the great
decisive naval conflicts. For
it overthrew completely the
conception of modern sea
warfare on which the second
most powerful navy in the
World has been based and
built.
It has clearly shown that
this hostile Navy — financed at
very considerable sacrifice to
Germany’s land war power—
is useless for the purpose it
was designed, at heavy ex¬
pense, to fulfil.
Lieut. Westmacott, who was
killed in battle on the plucky
Arethusa.
Commander Barttelot who
died a hero’9 death on ths
Liberty.
Germany has no sailors.
Such is the message thundered
by our guns off Heligoland.
Her men are only soldiers ia
ships—and conscript soldiers
for the most part. They
lack entirely the initiative,
the keen originality of the
born seaman, trained in the
new machinery of naval war¬
fare.
They fight like an army
on the defensive, and relying
on the support of fortresses.
This method may pay at
times in land warfare, but
it is absolutely fatal in a
struggle for sea power. The
way in which the German
sailors deserted their guns,
shows what.men they are.
Two hulking cruisers like this (Koln class) are battered wrecks under the rolling water of the North Sea. They were 11 made In
Germany,” and when our battle oruisers opened fire upon them they were hopelessly outclassed.
The TTar Illustrated, 12th September, 1914.
.Page 84
French Woman’s Fearlessness in Face of Fire
When this war is a matter for history-books,a prominent place
in the gallery of brave women will be indubitably found for
the telephone operator of Etain. Although this little French
town was being bombarded by the Germans, the plucky girl
remained at her post, calling up the postmaster at the
neighbouring fortress-town of Verdun every fifteen minutes to
report how the attack progressed. At last a message came,
“ A shell has just fallen in the office,'* and communication between
Etain and Verdun abruptly ceased. No Prussian militarism
can 6ubdue a country that breeds such high courage as thi3.
Page 85
The War Illustrated, 12th September, 1914.
Belgian Miners Form Living Shield for Germans
“Woe to the conquered!” was the Kaiser’s grim message,
and apparently his Army has supplemented it with “Woe to the
innocent!” Humble peasants—men and women—are forced by
bayonet point, or fear of pillaged home, to assist the invaders.
Near Charleroi the Germans captured ten miners returning from
their grimy labour, and made them march at the head of the
column, which was endeavouring to enter th9 town. Had Belgian
soldiers fired upon the column they would then have shot their
own friends. This may be Teutonic cunning, but who can
imagine the Allies adopting such barbarous methods?
The TFar Illustrated, 12th September, 1914.
Page 86
Our Far-famed Handymen Busy at Ostend
Belgium's popular watering-place was almost panic-.stricken
until our marines arrived. They are here seen drawing a waggon.
CTh.CE ourmarmes landed in Ostend the townspeople hava
1-7 recovered confidence in themselves and their country. Our
marines have guns and Maxims, and as gunlayers some of
them excel our sailors — though you must not mention this to
the seamen. They have heard of the deeds done by Germans
to Belgian children and women, and are burning with that
cold rage for battle which consumed our soldiers in tha
Indian Mutiny when they saw what our women had suffered.
E9
V v - .
Cooking food in Ostend Railway Station. Inset: Marching through the town with the Union Jack flying.
Tage 87
The War Illustrated, 12th September, 1914.
The Shroud of War on the Gay Resort
Bank clerks on the quay removing securities from the banks at Ostend to the Channel boat for conveyance to England lest the
Germans seized the town. Germans have stolen too much of little Belgium's money already.
Belgian soldiers leaving a Channel steamer at a Belgian port. Cut off from their regiments, they were forced to journey across
France and then by sea to Belaium to rejoin. All were looking forward to another contest with the hated Prussians.
The ll'ar Illustrated, 12th September, 1914.
Page 88
Undaunted Malines Fighting for its Life
Belgian soldiers firing from behind a carefully constructed barricade of stone and sand-bags in a factory yard at Malines.
inset. Two of the redoubtable Uhlans captured, and being marched, handcuffed together, through the town.
....... m —•
Page 8§
How Soulless
The fl’ar Illustrated, 12th September, 1914.
Germany Robbed Civilisation
IF Berlin were burnt to the ground to-morrow architects
1 and builders could easily replace it. The world
would not be poorer. But no human effort can give us
back the history-shrouded ornaments of the Louvain
that was.
The German commander asserted that the inhabitants
of Louvain had fired upon his troops—really the Germans
had fired upon each other by a clumsy mistake—and
he ordered the town’s destruction.
Soldiers with bombs and torches carried out his fell
command, a crime that Civilisation can never forgive
nor History forget.
German shells battered the clock tower of Malines, a building incomparably
more beautiful than any of Berlin’s braggart structures.
The Hotel de Vide, Louvain, dates back to
1448. Reports say it was spared.
The Cathedral of St. Pierre, Louvain, was a stately monument of world-interest a month ago. Germans allege that Belgians
fired upon them from its windows, and to-day it i9 a heap of fire-blackened bricks and masonry.
The H'ar Illustrated, 12th September, 1914.
Modern Huns Make
on Non-Combatants
Germans returning to camp after looting a Belgian farm
Snapshot of Gorman troops clearing the cafe at Mouland of everything removable. Inset: Haelen church, showing shell holes,
Page 91
The War Illustrated, 12th September, 1914.
German Bombs on Peaceful Homes
ACCORDING to the new Attila,
Count Zeppelin ranks in
genius above every other man in
Germany. He promised to win
for the Teutons the command of
the air. But his big gas-bags
have neither damaged our war¬
ships nor wrought red ruin in the
allied armies.
The fact is that, as an in¬
strument of offensive war, the
Zeppelin bomb-dropper is less
useful than an armoured motor¬
car with a 4 in. gun. The
bombs lack the driving force of
shells. Then, in scouting, the
slow, dirigible balloon cannot
compete with the flying machine
that goes at a speed of a hundred
miles an hour.
The Zeppelin has been reduced
to the murderous bugbear of
innocent non-combatants in cities
like Antwerp. The attempt made
on August 25 th to slay the Queen
of Belgium and her children, by
letting a bomb fall on the King’s
Palace, was an appalling crime
against civilisation.
In international law, notice of
the bombardment of a city should
be given, to enable non-combatants
to find some shelter. But
Teutonic barbarism knows no
law, being made up of brute
force, low cunning, and a frenzied
courage born of the torturing
fear of ultimate punishment. So
the bomb-dropping has gone on
in Antwerp and Paris.
Will BOmebody bo presented with the Order of the Iron Cross for this outrage?
wrecked by a bomb in Antwerp,
House
The wall of a house about ten yards from where the bomb exploded.
Fragments passed through the wall.
A piece of stout sheet-iron riddled by missiles from
the Zeppelin bomb.
The War Illustrated , 12th September. 1914. oo
Jr age
New-formed Friendships that will not Fade
I Two Belgian soldiers, one a native of the Congo,
Jack Tar on the quay at Ostend.
r J"'HE troops of Britain, France,
and Belgium will come
out of the Great War with a
remarkable knowledge of each
others’ ways and speech. Our
men will be authorities on
the French language, while
the French and the Belgians
"'ill eclipse the Germans as
versatile linguists !
There is no bond like a
friendship soldered in peril
on the battlefield. When the
great peace comes and things
settle down on the enlarged
and strengthened bases of
civilisation, the war will leave
a deep, lasting impression on
our national life.
Comrades in the battle-line
will keep in touch with each
other across the seas. Britons
will go to Belgium and France
chat with
Sharing the
Highlanders in France being regaled with coffee—and something
equally welcome (note the bottles)—by a French lady.
for a summer holiday to meet
their friends. And our Allies will
cross over to see their battle
brethren in their homes in
England, Wales, Scotland, and
Ireland.
Negroes from the Congo,
Arabs from Northern Africa, are
striking up friendships with the
white men. Soon, our Indian
troops may reach the great
meeting place of the defenders
of civilisation ; and men from
Canada, Australia, New Zealand
and the Cape will also have an
opportunity of learning French.
All this will tell on the future
relations of the allied races.
It will tell on their commercial
connections and their intellec¬
tual sympathies. The direc¬
tory of the world’s currents
of thought will be changed.
news. Belgian and British defenders read
a newspaper together.
A London “taxi,” commandeered for service in France, finds itself
in a strange land and makes itself at home.
A Belgian soldier discusses the war with one of our
defenders at Folkestone.
Page 93 The War Illustrated, 12th September, 1914.
Our Sky Warriors-Guarding and Guarded
Wot much is being heard of our warship? in the aerial blue—they are doing their duty in silence. This picture shows one of the
British airships passing over Ostend, reassuring visitors and inhabitants that Britain is on the watch.
One arm of our Royal Flying Corps ready for duty on foreign soil. Aeroplanes are chiefly employed in reconnoitring the enemy’s
position, flying over opposina forces and informing the artillery where their shells will do most damage.
Pago 94
The TTar Illustrated, 12th September, 1914.
The Faces of Some of Our Foes
'THE soul of the Ger¬
man people has first
been hardened by a
Prussian and then” poi¬
soned by a Prussianised
Pole. That is why the
race that produced
Luther, Handel, Goethe,
and Beethoven has fallen
into frenzied barbarism.
First came Bismarck
with his gospel of blood
and iron, followed by
Nietzsche, the insane
anti-Christ, who cried
from a madhouse to the
" blond beasts ” of
Northern Germany to
prey upon the decadent,
over-civilised nations of
the rest of Europe.
Nietzsche’s influence is
r isible in the speeches of
the Kaiser, and in works
of his advisers, like
General von Bernhardi.
What does the German
Empress Victoria think of
the Belgian atrocities ?
Are rumours of them
allowed to reach her
august ears while she
gives roses to the German
officers who order such
deeds to be done ?
Count .Zeppelin, flic
white-haired inventor, be¬
lieves in dropping bombs
on the non-combatants
of hostile cities. For he
has volunteered to carry
out this fiendish work
from one of his air¬
ships.
Admiral Tirpitz must
be feeling somewhat
downcast. At the age
of sixty-five he sees the
spirit of the great Navy
ho built destroj-ed by. the
cowardice of the captain
of the Goeben, his son a
prisoner in Britain, his
fleet bottled up.
Dr. Hammann, a Ham¬
burg journalist promoted
to the headship of the
German reptile press, has
also suffered defeat. He
fried hard, by doctored
news, to win American
sympathies, but the truth
about Louvain prevailed
against him.
The German Empress presenting roses to Guards officers
previous to their departure for the front.
Count Zeppelin, aged 70, volunteered
to command one of his own airships.
Admiral von Tirpitz, German Secretary
for Navy, which he entered 49 years ago.
General von Emmich, conducted attack on
Liege and was reported to have died.
General von Bulow, wounded at the Battle
of Haelen, has died of his injuries.
Dr. Hammann, the Kaiser’s professional
liar, head of the “ reptile press.”
Page 95 The War Illustrated,, 12th September, 1914.
Russia’s Millions Rolling Nearer to Berlin
One small cog of the
1 steam-roller” about to begin it9 work. A Russian infantry regiment entraining at a wayside
station for its journey to the enemy’s frontier.
The Tsar’s countless army is hurling itself into Germany and Austria and flattening out all opposition. Roads from East
Prussia to Berlin are blocked with refugees when it i9 known that Russian cavalry draw nigh
The Tr«c Illustrated, 12th September, 1914.
HOW THE WAR WAGES
Page 96
THE STORY OF THE
GREAT CONFLICT
TOLD WEEK BY WEEK
The British Rear-Guard Actions
pROM Fridaj-, August 28th, up to the time of writing,
the left wing of the allied armies in Northern France
fought a fierce, stubborn rear-guard action against the
advancing wing of the German host.
By continual heavy sacrifice of men and weight of
numbers, the Germans again won ground against the
British force and two co-operating French armies under the
veteran General Pau and General d’Amade.
On Sunday, August 30th, the Allies retired from the
valley of the Somme, and a battle raged for two days at
the town of St. Quentin, where the enemy flung" vast
numbers into the field in order to force a wedge through
the Franco-British position and secure a main route to Paris.
Our Highland regiments, especially the Argyll and
Sutherlands, who came fresh into the fight, fought magni¬
ficently alongside the French. The Germans, however,
concentrated their finest army corps against us, and,
despite some splendid delaying actions, the Franco-British
left wing had to bend still further southward to avoid
being outflanked by the Teutons.
On Tuesday, September 1st, when some of the Germans
were at Compiegne, thirty miles from the outer forts of
Paris, the British cavalry pushed back the hostile horsemen
The Russians in Prussia
By way of relieving some of the pressure on the Franco-
British battle-line in Western Europe, the Russian army
in Prussia pushed ahead on the road to Berlin. The
Russian advance was more like a Cossack charge than
the slow movement of a host of foot soldiers. Indeed,
the region of East Prussia was conquered largely by the
flower of Russian horsemen, who, at need, dismounted and
fought as infantry. The speed and dash of this gallant,
adventurous relieving army were, however, obtained by a
sacrifice of artillery power and of heavy infantry fighting
force.
Well aware of this, the German Military Staff called
out the garrisons of the fortress towns on the Vistula,
and -brought up reinforcements by rail. This fresh army,
with an overpowering quantity of heavy artillery, surprised
two Russian arm 1 }' corps near Osterode, about September 1st,
killing the Russian commander, General Samsonov, and
inflicting grave losses on his troops.
The Russians, however, were not downcast by this
temporary reverse. Hurrying up reinforcements, they
maintained contact with the enemy, and continued their
advance on the north.
* '■* *
fighting gallantly
right wing of the
Map of the region of the German operations against Paris.
and captured ten guns. The next day was the anniversary
of Sedan, and the Berliners celebrated it by parading all
the guns captured from the allied armies. There were
no British guns on show.
* * *
The Battles on the French Centre
TN the meantime, the French were
and steadily along the centre and
immense battle-front.
For more than a week, vast masses of men rocked in
incessant conflict round the Meuse, near the old battlefield
of Sedan, in the French and Belgian Ardennes. The army
of the Crown Prince of Germany was checked amid the
woods, rocks, and streams of the upland country, where
the French fought as in a siege operation, with a dogged
courage unparalleled in their history. The main effort
of both nations was made round the upper Meuse valley.
Early in the week a fresh German army swept down
from Belgium to take the wedge-like French centre on the
side of the wedge opposite to that where the fighting was
going on ; but the French also brought up an army at
Rocroi to counter this stroke. So long as the French
held the centre the far-stretched German wing, battling
against Sir John French and General Pau, c®uld not continue
to advance against Paris without the risk of being cut off
from its main army. But at the end of the week the French
centre, though still unbroken, fell back also towards Paris,
pOR news at once came from Petrograd
—as St. Petersburg is now called —
which inspired even the defeated Rus¬
sian soldiers with joyful, mortal courage.
Far to the south, in Russian Poland,
the entire military power of Austria-
Hungary was broken by a sweeping,
smashing Russian victory that opened
another and shorter road to Berlin.
After a seven days’ fight some miles
to the east of Lemberg, the capital of
the petroleum country of Galicia, the
Russians on September 1st routed five
Austrian army corps—about 250,000
men. The broken, flying troops aban¬
doned 200 guns, lost 70,000 prisoners,
and retreated in the wildest disorder.
This great victory secured the southern
line of communications of the main
Russian host of a million or more men,
waiting to advance through Posen —
only 160 miles from Berlin. It also
deprived all the Teutonic armies and
navies of their only source of oil-fuel—■
the wells of Galicia,
land battles in Europe, the Allies
During all these
were cheered by news of an important success by the British
Grand Fleet off Heligoland on August 28th.
The Battle in the Bight
QUR submarines having found the enemy’s torpedo craff
and cruisers off Heligoland, our destroyers raced out at
dawn to battle. The German craft fell back, to lure out
boats within the fire of the Heligoland forts. But om
men were playing a more subtle game. The British
destroyers partly evaded the fortress l but offered them¬
selves as victims to a distant squadron of German cruisers.
It’s the bleating of the kid excites the tiger.” The
tigerish, hostile cruisers steamed out against H.M.S.
Arethusa and her destroyer flotilla. In the misty morning
it looked an easy task for the big German ships to sink
every small British craft visible.
Suddenly, out of the mist, and across the front of our
battered destroyers, rushed our First Cruiser Squadron
Concentrating their fire, they reduced the first big German
ship, the Mainz, to a wreck of spouting flame. It was
done in a minute ! In three more minutes a second German
cruiser, the Koeln, was a mass of black fumes, from which
spurts of fire flared out; and a “third cruiser limped away,
sinking. Two smaller German ships were also sunk.
Then our Battle Cruiser Squadron arrived for the main
naval action—which the enemy declined.
>11
111 .
OUR
June 28th. — Assassination of Archduke Franz
Ferdinand and his wife at Sarajevo.
July 2 3RD.—Austro-Hungarian ultimatum to
Servia.
July 24TH. —The Russian Cabinet considers
Austrian action a challenge to Russia.
July 27th. —Sir E. Grey proposes conference,
to which France and Italy agree.
July 28th. — Austria-Hungary declares war
against Servia.
July cqth. —Austrians bombard Belgrade.
Tsar appeals to Kaiser to restrain Austria.
July 30T11.—Russia mobilises sixteen Army
Corps.
Mr. Asquith appeals to all parties to
close the ranks.
July 31ST. — State of war declared in Germany.
General mobilisation ordered in Russia.
London Stock Exchange closed.
August ist. — Germany sends twelve hours’,
ultimatum to Russia to stop mobilising,
declares war, and invades Luxemburg.
King George telegraphs to Tsar.
Mobilisation in Austria, France,
Belgium, and Holland.
Italy and Denmark declare neutrality.
Sir John French appointed Inspector-
General of the Forces.
British Naval Reserves called up.
Bank rate 10 per cent.
M. Delcasse French War Minister.
Montenegro identifies herself with
Servia.
August 2nd. —German cruisers bombard
Bona (Algeria). British ships seized at
Kiel.
Outpost fighting on Russian and
French frontiers of Germany.
Roumania dec lares neutrality.
August 3RD.—Germany declares war against
France, and demands right to cross
Belgium, regardless of treaty.
Belgium refuses to allow passage of
German troops through her territory, and
King Albert sends “supreme appeal” to
King George.
German troops envelop Vise, and their
advance guard approaches Liege.
Sir ]'. Grey’s speech in the Commons.
British naval mobilisation completed.
Moratorium Bill passed, and Bank
Holiday extended to August 7th.
August 4th. —Germany declares war on
France and Belgium, and her troops, under
General von Emmich, attack Liege.
Belgian defence conducted by General
Leman.
German Reichstag authorises an extra¬
ordinary expenditure of £265,000,000.
Great Britain declares war on Germany.
British Army mobilisation begins, and
Reserves and Territorials are called up.
Mr. Asquith’s speech in the Commons.
Australia offers to send 20,000 men.
Admiral Sir John Jellicoe appointed to
supreme command of the Home Fleets.
The British Government takes control
of the railways.
August 5th. — Fierce fighting at Liege. Lord
Kitchener appointed War Minister.
Kcenigen Luise, German mine-layer,
sunk off Harwich by H.M.S. Lance.
British White Paper issued.
August 6th. —Germans enter Liege.
H M.S. Amphion sunk in North Sea
by floating mine ; 131 lives lost.
Lord Kitchener asks for 500,000 recruits,
100.000 to be raised forthwith.
Vote of credit for £100,000,000 agreed
to by the Commons without dissent.
August 7th. — Germans refused armistice al
Liege.
Prince of Wales’s National Relief Fund
opened.
New £1 and 10s. banknotes issued, and
postal-orders made legal tender.
DIARY OF THE
August 8th. —French troops occupy Altkirch
and Mulhouse.
Port of Lem? (German Togoland) taken.
Bank rate 5 per cent.
. ’French and Belgian troops co-operating
in Belgian territory.
August gxn.—German troops in Liege town.
Austria sends troops to help Germans.
German submarine U15 sunk by
H.M.S. Birmingham.
August ioth. —Diplomatic relations between
France and Austria broken off.
French fall back from Mulhouse. but
take up passes in the Vosges.
Enrolment of first batch of 30,000
special constables for London area.
Canada offers 20,000 men and 98,000,000
lb. of flour.
Official Press-Bureau opened in London.
August iith. —German concentration on
Metz-Liege line.
2,000 German spies reported to have
been arrested in Belgium.
August 12TH. —England and Austria at War.
German cruisers Goeben and Breslau
enter Dardanelles, and are purchased by
Turkey.
August 13TH.—Battle of Haelen, between
Liege and Brussels, ends, according to
the Belgian War Office, “ all to the
advantage of the Belgian forces.”
Swedish Rigsdag decides on an ex¬
penditure of £2,800,000 for defence.
Austrian-Lloyd steamer sunk by mine
in Adriatic.
German “ official ” news first sent to
London by wireless.
German steamer captured on Lake
-Nyassa.
August 14TH.—French war credit of
£40,000,000 authorised.
August 15TH.—The Prince of Wales’s National
Relief Fund reaches £1,000,000,
British Press Bureau issues warning
against alarmist rumours,
Taveta (British East Africa) occupied
by Germans.
August i6th. —French drive Germans back
at Dinant.
Tsar premises Heme Rule to a re-united
Poland.
August 17TH.—It is reported officially that
the British Expeditionary Force has
landed safely in France.
Belgian Government removes from
Brussels to Antwerp.
Japan asks Germany to remove her
warships from Japanese and Chinese
waters, and to evacuate Kiao-chau by
August 23rd.
French Fleet sinks small Austrian
cruiser in the Adriatic.
1 'sar and Tsaritsa attend solemn
service in Moscow.
August i8tii. —Desultory fighting in North
Sea.
French advance in Alsace-Lorraine.
August 19m.—Germans occupy Louvain.
Russian forces defeat ist German Army
Corps near Evdtkuhnen.
August 2oth. —Abandoned for strategical
reasons, Brussels is formally entered by
the Germans.
The French retake Mulhouse.
August 2 ist. —German war levies of
£8,000,000 on Brussels (£11 pci - head of
the inhabitants), and £2,400,000 on
province of Liege.
Franco-British loan of £20,000,000
to Belgium announced.
Partial investment of Namur.
Servian victory on the Drina reported.
French reverse in Lorraine.
Russians rout three German Army
Corps in East Prussia, after two days’
battle.
NOTES BY THE EDITOR.—
The War Illustrated, 12 th September, 1914 .
WAR
AuC' st 22>:d. —Heavy fighting begins at
Charleroi and Mons.
August 23RD.—Japan declares war on
Germany.
Two Danish ships sunk by mines.
After a six days’ struggle the French
withdraw -from Lorraine.
August 2ith. —Fall of Namur; some of the
forts taken.
Major Namech, commandant, blows up
Tort Chaudfontaine, Liege, to prevent
it falling into the hands of the enemy.
In thirty-six hours’ hard fighting near
Mons British force “ holds its own ” against
superior numbers.
Charleroi taken by Germans.
Allies fall back in good order on their
frontier defences.
August 25TH.—Lord Kitchener, in House of
Lords, pays big tribute to gallantry of
British troops.
Mr. Asquith, in the Commons, says
“We want all the troops we can get.”
Zeppelin drops bombs on Antwerp.
August 26th.—I t is reported that German
war levies in Belgium total £28,000,000.
Surrender of Togoland.
Austria declares war on Japan.
German troops in East Prussia reported
to have fled to Kdnigsberg.
August 27m.—German cruiser Magdeburg
blown up off the Russian coast.
German armed liner Kaiser Wilhelm
der Grcssc sunk by H.M.S. Iiigfhflver.
August 28th. —Louvain burnt, and Malines
bombarded by the Germans.
Three German cruisers and two Ger¬
man destroyers sunk off Heligoland, with
loss of over 800 men. British casualties, 81.
Enlistment of second 100,coo New
British Army begins.
Lord Crewe announces that in response
to native wishes Indian troops are to
take part in the war in Europe.
August 29TH.—German aeroplane drops bombs
over Paris.
Russians invest Konigsberg, in Eastern
Prussia.
August 30x11.— Surrender of Apia, German
Samoa, to New Zealand force.
August 31 st. —Allies have retired to line
between Amiens and Verdun.
British casualties, August 2^rd726th :
killed, 163 ; wounded, 686 ; missing 4,278.
£8,000,000 war levy on Brussels reported
to have bean guaranteed to prevent
destruction of the city.
September ist. —More bombs on Paris.
French capital removed to Bordeaux,
360 miles south-west of Paris.
qth Lancers capture 10 German guns.
Russians after seven days’ fighting rout
five Austrian Army Corps (over 250.000
men), near Lemberg, in Galicia, take
70,000 prisoners, and capture 200 guns.
September 2ND—-Name of Russian capital
altered from St. Petersburg to Petrograd.
National Relief Fund, £2,000,000.
September 3RD.—Trade Union Congress
issues a manifesto calling on irade
unionists to join the British Army.
•Further British casualties in France
reported: Killed, 70; wounded 390 ;
missing, 4,758.
Fighting near Chantilly.
H.M.S. Speedy, gunboat, mined.
Russian occupation of Lemberg con¬
firmed.
September 4th. —Mr. Asquith, in speech at
Guildhall, says that since the opening of
the war between 250,000 and 300,000mm
have answered Lord Kitchener’s appeal.
A British submarine brings into Har¬
wich a German airman and his mechanic
who were found floating in the North Sea
sixty miles from Harwich.
r "rO ninny readers who have written us on the subject, it may
be explained that “Our Diary of the War” as soon as it
e x t£nds to one full page will be printed in the body of the paper
for permanent reference, and afterwards the later entries only
will appear on the wrapper, until another page is completed.
In the next issue of The War Illustrated, the first
completed page of “ Our Diary of the War,” carefully revised
to date, will be printed as the last of the inside pages, and
further full page instalments of the diary will bear a reference
to the page of the previous instalment, so that the bound
volumes will afford ready reference to the date of any event of
consequence in the progress of the war.
»
»
The War Illustrated. 12th September, 1914,
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The War Illustrated, 19 rh September, 1 S 14 .
44
GUN
DEAFNESS
“Tbe injuries to the ear that may be caused
by frequent Gunnery practise are serious
and permanent.”—<«,» »«* -v<n» <*««*»«.
Every Naval and Military man who is, or will be, brought into
proxifnity with Big t Sun Firing (should provide himself with a pair of
'CONTBAPHONES,” the only appliances that scientifically deaden
ibnormai sounds. They absolutely prevent ** Gun Deafness,"
nalady which, on the authority of a heading Medical Expert, is
rapidly increasing in the SERVICES in consequence of the terrilic
sound volume of modern naval and military artillery, against
which the old-fashioned use of cotton wool gives no longer any
effective protection, l’riee 4/- per pair (special quotations for
quantities'. Address The Contraphone Company (Sole
Lieoueces), Dept. 10. 92, Great Russell Street, London.
Keep the weekly numbers of
“ The War Illustrated ”
r-T^r-r- s ... , ■ ,. 1 T [ fTI I I I II I III I I II ■ I ! ■ II
as a great popular
Album of the War.
They are worth binding
and special inexpensive
binding cases are
now being prepared.
Meantime — Keep them
all. Numbers 1,2,3, & 4,
have been reprinted and
are now ON SALE.
STIRRUP CHARGES BY HIGHLANDERS.
QUR illustration on the front cover this week depicts a
charge carried out by the Scots Greys and Black Watch
during the fighting at St. Quentin in the last days of August.
The Greys charged straight into the ranks of the enemy, each
horseman accompanied by a comrade on foot, just as, at the
battle of Waterloo ninety-nine years ago, a Highland regiment
penetrated to t he thick'of the fight holding on to the stirrup-
leathers of the Grew.. Several times at St. Quentin the
manoeuvre was repeated, always with deadly effect upon the
German enemy, who were broken up and repulsed with tre¬
mendous losses. “ Our men," said a wounded man who
witnessed one of tlic charges, “ came on with a mighty shout,
file weight of the horses carried them into the close-formed
German ranks, and the gallant Greys and the ‘ Kilties ’
gave a fearful account of themselves.”
TENNYSON’S CALL TO ARMS.
AT a patriotic meeting on Sept, 7th, at Freshwater, Lord
Tennyson quoted sonic unpublished lines by his father :
O who is he the simple fool
Who says that wars are over ?
What bloody portent flashes there
Across the Straits of Dover ?
Arc you ready, Britons all, to answer foes with thunder ?
Arm ! Arm ! Arm !
Nine hundred thousand slaves in arms
They seek to bring us under—-
But England lives, and still will live—-
For we’U crush the despots yonder—
Arc you ready, Britons all, to answer foes with thunder !
Arm ! Ann ! Arm !
OUR DIARY OF THE WAR
Sept. 5.—-Belgians attacked at Tcnwndc and
tbuxl the country by opening the dykes.
British Admiralty announces formation
of Naval Brigades (15,000 men) for service
oil sea or land.
Sept. 6 . —Genera! action begins a! »ng a line
between Senlis and Verdun.
Sack of Din ant-sur-Meuse reported.
Desperate struggle in progress for
p k session of Maubeuge.
British scout Pathfinder and Wilson
liner Kiuio sunk in North Sea.
German warships destroy fifteen British
trawlers in the North Sea and take th«ir
crews prisoners.
British, French, and Russian Govern¬
ments mutually engage not to conclude
peace separately.
Si:r. 7.—Fighting at Xantouil le Haiulouin,
Mcaux, Sezanne, Yitry le Francois, and
Verdun.
The Germans, who had advanced as
far as the Coulommiers and I.a F’ertc
Gaucher district, obliged to fall back.
German war levies on Brussels. Liege
Province, Liege City, Louvain, Brabant
Province, Lille, Armentiercs, Amiens, Lens,
Ronbaix, and Turcuing total £28,8x2,000,
and 100,000 cigars.
Sept. 8.—Fighting along the line Montmxrait—
Le Pep it Sompuis ; enemy driven back
tea miles. One German battalion, a
machine-gun company, and several am¬
munition waggons captured by AUies.
Chancel! jr of the Exchequer's speech on
** silver bullets.”
Servians invade Bosnia.
Food ransom levied on Ghent.
Tcnnuude reported sacked by Germans.
Sept. i>.—W hite Star liner Oceanic wrecked
oli west coast of Scotland ; no lives F st.
Prime Minister announces a vote for
a further 300,000 men for the British
Aruty, bringing up its strength to 1,186,400
exclusive of Territorials.
General French reports the enemy has
been driven baok alt along the line ; our
tr.jops having crossed the Marne, and
captured twelve Maxim guns a battery,
ami 350 prisoners.
The King’s message to Overseas
Dominions and to the Princes and peoples
of India issued. Home Secretary takes
over responsibility for the Press Bureau.
Oilers of service from Indian rulers
read in the Commons.
Announcement that 70,000 Indian
troops arc to be employed in Europe ;
six maharajahs with cadets of other noble
families to go oii active service.
Capture of German mines on disguised
trawlers in North Sea.
Sept. 10.—General French’s first despatch,
Aug. 23—Sept. 7, published in ** London
Gazette.”
Belgian Army again take offensive
outside Antwerp.
British Naval airships to make sin rt
cruises over London.
Russians reported to be marching on
Breslau.
Japan identifies herself with Russia.
Fr.mci\ and Great Britain in deciding
n >t to make peace independently.
Sept. it.—Allies reported to have advanced
. 37' miles in four days.
National Relief Fund £2,490,000.
After serious consideration of the innumerable suggestions received
from readers who intend to preserve the weekly numbers of “The War
Illustrated ” as a memorial of the Great War, it has been decided to make
Ihe diary of the war the most complete compilation of the kind. This
cannot be done on the lines originally intended, namely, by completed
pages published from time to time in the body of the weekly numbers.
The diary is revised with the greatest care week by week, as new
dates and facts are obtainable. It has therefore been decided to con¬
tinue this diary weekly by instalments on one of the inside pages of the
cover, and at the end of each volume to revise the whole thoroughly, and
reprint it as a supplement to the volume, to be given away free to all
readers who wish to preserve “The War illustrated*’ in the publishers’
special binding cases, which are now in course of preparation.
It is thought that this will be much more satisfactory than includ¬
ing it as a portion of the interior pages of the weekly issue when
there is such a mass of literary and pictorial matter awaiting inclusior.
voi. i. A WEEKLY PICTURE-RECORD OF EVENTS BY LAND, SEA AND AIR For Week ending:
-——------* ni.V 19 September. 1914
NO SURRENDER!
A British artillery officer who sold his life dearly when his battery was attacked
by 3,000 Uhlans at Tournai on August 26th.
Page 98
The War Illustrated, 19 th September, 1914 .
THE GREAT EPISODES OF THE WAR
15. The Wonderful Retreat from Mons
T HE British Army has been in some perilous positions,
but never has’ a large British force found itself in
such terrible difficulties as faced Sir John French
and his troops at Mons, in Belgium, on Monday,
August 24th.
They were on the left edge of the Franco-British front,
stretching down from Belgium. The northern part of this
line was retiring to avoid being shattered by the victorious
Herman host which had stormed Namur, repulsed the
French at Charleroi, and made a successful counter attack.
So, although the British force was triumphantly holding
Mons, its position was completely overthrown by the
withdrawing movement of its Allies, which began on Sunday,
August 23rd. The Germans took swift advantage of this
condition of things. TKev pursued the French, but massed
far more strongly against the British. Their tremendous,
efforts against our men were, as is reported, partly inspired
by an extraordinary order issued from Aix-la-Chapellc by
the Kaiser to his northern forces, commanding them to
" exterminate French's
contemptible little
army.”
General Kluck, with
•200,000 men, began to
encircle our troops on
their left. Then on
our right General Bulow
advanced southward
with another superior
army, ready to swerve
and hold our small force
while Kluck smashed it.
What odds our men
would have fought
against had they got
closed between Kluck
the hammer and Bulow-
the anvil is hard to
calculate. Perhaps six
to one—perhaps more.
But Sir John French
saw to it that things
did not fall out in this
way. He had learnt
round Ladysmith to
conduct rearguard
actions against better
fighters than the Ger¬
mans. Now he gave
the world the supreme
example in military
history of the handling
of troops in the most
perilous of positions.
What Sir John Moore
did in the retreat to
Corunna against Soult
and Napoleon, when the odds were two to one against him,
was excelled by Sir John French against the odds of three
to one, and sometimes more.
Leaving a considerable body of troops near Mons to
engage the attention of Bulow, he outspread a fan of cavalry
westward to test the strength of Kluck’s encircling move¬
ment. The main British force struck downwards towards
the French fortress town of Maubeuge, and on Monday night,
August 24th, it stretched from Maubeuge eastward to
Kluck’s army.
But Sir John French felt from the pressure Kluck was
exerting on him that Maubeuge was a dangerous place to
stay in, especially as the French armies were still retreating.
The country was covered with standing crops, which would
have limited the field of fire of our troops had they
entrenched there.
So at dawn on Tuesday, August 25th, the British com¬
mander ordered a further retirement southward. By die
evening most of our men were exhausted by marching
and fighting. But the skill and audacity of their leader
saved the situation.
French worked wonders with his men. He had an army
of young athletes, trained by himself, and he called on
them to fight as never men had fought before. For days
they marched in battle manoeuvres, dug themselves in, shot,
rose for a succession of bayonet charges. For nights they
continued their southward retreat, tramping in the daikness,
and fighting still, if necessary. .
The Germans allowed our men no rest. Using their
. superiority in numbers to full advantage, they kept up a
continuous fight in enormous masses. __ Here and there our
men gained a respite by some trick. Knowing, for instance,
that the Germans were becoming fearful of our deadly
infantry fire, our troops would dig a trench in their real,
and leave their caps on it. When the German cavalry or
foot soldiers saw the trench they kept at a distance.
They had learned by tragic experience what it would cost
them to take a British
position by a sudden
charge. They waited
till their guns came up
and swept the ditch
with shell and shrapnel
in a thorough manner.
In the meantime our
army got away, and
fed, and made another .
trench. Resolute not
to be tricked again, the
Uhlans rode up to the
apparently empty ditch.
But a row of caplets
heads appeared, and if
all the horsemen were
not shot the rest were
bayoneted. The horses
came in useful for our
cavalrymen who were
wearing out their
mounts.
Oh, our marvellous
cavalry! Cavalry fight¬
ing is a hand-to-hand
affair, sabre against
sabre, lance against
bayonet, sword against
machine-gun and can¬
non . On the individual
skill, pluck, and dash
of each cavalryman the
issues of a continual
series of hundreds of
fights depended. By (
sheer . strength of arm
and horsemanship our
outnumbered horsemen continually won the field.
They attacked against impossible odds—a hundred
German troops to every single Briton. The huge mass of
blue-grey men advanced to destroy its insignificant preyj
The British cavalry suddenly became aware of the destruc-;
tion that threatened it. It retired, with the Germans in
headlong pursuit. Then there was a crash of artillery from
an unexpected position, and the blue-grey mass was blown
apart by shell, shrapnel, or even case-shot. . The British
cavalry squadron had been dangled as a bait to lead the
German troops up for slaughter by our gunners 1
Our gunners risked themselves, their horses, and their
guns with the same daring adroitness. At need, one man
did the work of a whole gun’s crew, and did it steadily and
well—with all his comrades dead or disabled around him—
until he, too, fell. Then the nearest body of cavalry had
to save the guns, as Captain Grenfell of the 9th Lancers
did, iust after he had been wounded in both legs and lost
1
Page 99
The War Illustrated, 19tli September, 1914.
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- cost
two fingers. But there were times when our guns were
put out of action by the death of all the gunners and the
horses, and no cavalry was near enough to ride out and
recover the guns from the hostile horsemen sweeping down
on them.
It was on one of these occasions that our infantryman
showed what he will do for the guns that protect and
support him. Two companies of Ministers recovered one
of our batteries by a bayonet attack on German cavalry
and against a terrific fire from the German artillery. The
Irishmen were ordered to abandon the guns they had saved,
for there were no horses available to move the battery.
But the Ministers shot more German riders, took their
horses, and harnessed them to the guns. Then, as there
were still insufficient horses to do the work, the men made
themselves beasts of
burden; and dragged the
battery about till night- >$,
fall. It must bo re¬
membered that this was
done by men already
weary with long marches,
trench-digging, and
fighting.
It is, however, almost
unfair to' distinguish any
regiment of the British
force by mentioning the
deeds it did in the retreat
from Mons to Cambrai
and Le Catcaii from Mon¬
day, August 24th, to
Wednesday, August 26th.
What Captain Grenfell,
performed every man in
the army did in his
measure. Many of our
wounded mastered their
bodily weakness and pain.
and battled on to the
death. All fought against
heavy odds, and what is
much more important
and inspiring, they strug¬
gled against utter weari¬
ness of body and the
numbing effect of fatigue
on the brain.
At the critical moment
many of our men were
too tired to move. This
happened on Wednesday,
August 26th, when Kluck
was encircling our troops
near Cambrai. There was
a strong French cavalry
corps under General Sorbet
eastward of our position.
Sir John French asked
the French horsemen for
help. But their horses
were too tired to carry
them to the assistance
of our outworn, out¬
numbered, hard - pressed
troops.
Westward, at Arras,
there was a much fresher
French force under General d’Amadc; but Kluck
seems to have driven a strong wedge between these
French reserves and his immediate prey — our wearied
army.
Then, with the immense force under his command, Kluck,
at dawn on August 26th, hooked part of our army round
at Le Cateau, near the town of Cambrai. So certain was
Kluck of the annihilation or surrender of our men, that he
reported his victory to the Kaiser, and the wireless station
at Berlin announced it to the world.
But then was seen with what force and majesty the
British fight. Sir Horace Smith-Dorrien was in command
of the Second Corps and Fourth Division at Le Cateau,
against which the Germans began their movement. It
was impossible to send him any reinforcements, as our
First Corps was utterly fatigued, after hacking its
way to Landrecies and beating off an attack by
40,000 Germans, who swept on them at night from at
forest.
Sir Horace Smith-Dorricn and his small, battered fore*
had therefore to face alone the full force of Kluck's attack.
The odds were more than four to one in guns and men.
There was no time for our tired soldiers to entrench them¬
selves properly, and they had to lie exposed to the
dreadful fire of the overpowering German artillery of
650 guns.
There were battles in the ski' as well as in the field*.
The men of our Koval Flying Corps wheeled above ths
armies, shot at by friend
- ©
and foe. and, drawing
their revolvers, they
chased the German avi¬
ators, who were directing
the fire of the Krupp
guns below. By superior
airmanship and marks¬
manship our airmen
brought down five of the
enemy’s machines.
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General Sir Horace Smith-Dorrien.
“7 must put on recr.nl my deep appreciation of the valuable service* rendered by
General Sir Horace Smith-Dorrien. 1 say without hesitation that the saving -of
the left wing of the army on the morning of the 2 Qth August could never have
been accomplish cd~wnless a commander of rare and unusual coolness, intrepidity,
and determination had been present.''— General French's Despatch, 7tii September.
5; a* 3
Meanwhile, the decisive
attack opened. In ava¬
lanche after avalanche the
German troops swept
against our men, lving in
open order with shell and
shrapnel bursting over
them i n extraordinary
quantities. When t ii o
German artilleryman
ceased their deadly work,
for fear of blowing away
their own adyan c i n g
troops, the moment ar¬
rived on which the fata
of our Expeditionary
Force and the. French
armies depended.
The Germans had to bo
stopped. If their advance
continued, they would
capture the rest of our
troops and swoop on the
retiring French lines to
the east. The French
were fighting bravely in a
series of rearguard actions
against other German
armies. The arrival of
Kluck on their left flank
would probably convert
their retreat into a
rout. France would be
lost.
Such was the awful
position of affairs that
Sir Horace Smiih-
Donien and his men rose
with high, steady, couraga
to meet. The masses of
German infantrymen
came on—five deep and shoulder to shoulder—to deliver
the mortal blow. But our troops gave them “ tbs
mad minute.” This is fifteen rounds of well-aimed firs
from each magazine rifle, with less than four seconds
between each shot.
The Germans wavered, broke, and fled. Our cavalrymen
and intrepid gunners then covered the retirement of their
infantry. But Kluck’s two hundred thousand had suffered
too much to undertake a vigorous pursuit. The German
general withdrew to reorganise his four battered army
corps. The flanking movement was stopped, and tho
situation saved. A few days later the positions were
reversed and our great advance began.
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The ]Far Illustrated , 19 th September, 1914 . • Page 100
Russia Crushes Austria while the Allies hold the Germans
Some of the Russian artillery whose offensive helped to inflict disastrous defeat upon Austria.
■
SK
General Russky, who defeated the
Russians on the march to the Austrian frontier and
the great victory of Lemberg.
Austrian forces decisively at Lemberg
r\UR eyes are so intently fixed upon the
^ fields of France, where our own soldiers
arc operating, that we are apt to regard lightly
the stupendous victories won for us by our
Russian Allies. But the importance of these
victories can scarcely be over-estimated. They
may well be the deciding factors in the war.
The capture of Lemberg by the Russians is of
Immense importance, not merely because our
Allies captured 150 guns, with large quantities
of artillery and food supplies, but because it was
the crowning achievement of a vast offensive
movement that cost Austria some 80,000 men
in killed, wounded, and prisoners.
Lemberg is a great fortified centre, controlling
the junction of eight railways and eight high¬
ways. Its possession removes a great obstacle
to a great aggressive advance to destroy what
remains of the Austrian Army and to strike at
Germany from the south.
Lemberg, showing the Theatre Square with the Municipal Theatre.
Tage 101
The War Illustrates, 19 th September, 1914 .
Capturing Austrian Guns at Battle of Lemberg
As a result of their great victory at Lemberg, Russia captured
200 guns and such a huge number of prisoners that they could
only be estimated in tens of thousands. In one district alone
Austria lost 20,000 killed and wounded. Lemberg is the capital
of Galicia, and an important railway junction. The Russian*
entered it on September 3rd, and renamed it Lvoff.
The lT\i/ hij.sly.itol, 19iii September, 1914.
Page 102
Canada’s Manhood at Britain’s Service
This picture, taken in Ottawa, shows some of the Legion o?
Frontiersmen who hope to help in the demolition of Kaisertsm.
THE enthusiastic offers of help by the Oversea Dominions
1 have touched all British hearts. These pictures show the
glorious manhood that Canada is sending to strengthen our right
arm. The two small pictures at tire side show some of theCanadian
Guards entraining at Valcartier before leaving for the front.
Colonel Hughes is Minister of
country two years ago, and excited
Militia in the Canadian
the warmest admiration.
Government. He brought a contingent of Canadians to this
This photograph shows him marching at the head of his men.
These are the men of the Ontario Royal Grenadiers leaving their camp at Valcartier, in the province of Quebec, whence they were
drafted to Europe for active service. All are of excellent physique and keen to take their places at the front.
Page 103
The Fervent
Sir Perbab Singh, though 70 years old,
“ refuses to be denied his right to fight for
the King-Emperor.”
The War Illustrated, 19tli September, 1911
Loyalty of the Indian Princes
JMOTHING has been more gratify¬
ing than the spontaneous
enthusiasm of the people and rulers
of India to lend their money and their
men to the cause of Imperial defence.
India burns for the opportunity to
fight against the German aggressor
side by side with us.
And the fighting quality of Indian
help will be not less than its willing¬
ness. Lord Curzon said he would
like to sec tire Bengal Cavalry charge
the German Uhlan. He expected
the little Gurkha, with his sturdy
figure and his dangerous cutting
knife, to show what he could do, and
we might be certain that the Rajput
soldiers of India would exhibit that
valour and heroism for which they
had been famous for thousands of
years. “ When these men reach the
battlefield,” Lord Curzon continued,
“ keep your eyes on the turban and
on the dark skin, and I think you will
find that they will not dishonour
you.”
The outburst of loyalty by the
native Press of India was immediate.
War was declared on August 4th.
On the following day, the “ Bengalee,”
the chief native paper in India, vented
its Imperial patriotism in a remark¬
able article which said : “In the hour
of danger we stand by the side of
Britain in defence of the interests,
the honour, and the glory of the
Empire. Ours is a loyalty which has
its roots deep in our hearts ; but it is
a reasoned loyalty, which recognises
that with the stability and the great¬
ness of the Empire is associated the
fruition of our ideal of self-govern¬
ment.”
In equally fervent words the people
and Press of India gave expression to
the same sentiments.
On the frontier States beyond India
the sympathies are with us. The
Dalai Lama of Tibet and the Maharajah
of Nepal have both offered help.
The Maharajah of Bikaner, one of the
Indian princes who hastened to offer his
services and gave a camel corps.
Bengal Lancers, one of our finest native regiments, who may be shortly trying their strength against the vaunted Uhlans
I A 11 Illustrated, 19 th September, 1014 .
The Swelling Tide of Britain s
Report says that the Kaiser had fixed Saturday, September 12th, for a review of German troops in Hyde Park. But Hyde Park is being
used for drilling the new recruits of Lord Kitchener’s army, and the German review is postponed indefinitely.
THE enthusiastic
1 response to Lord
Kitchener’s appeal for
men is the pride of
our country and the
dread of our enemies.
In his great speech at
the Guildhall, M r.
Asquith mentioned
that from 250,000 to
300,000 men had'
offered themselves and
been accepted. Since
then the 500,000 have
been secured and we
have advanced into flic
second half million.
And the standard
of quality is as high
as the quantity is
gratifying. Those of
Vincent Square, gear the Houses of Parliament, is one of London’s many
“lungs '* where the martial spirit breathes. Here we see General Bethune,
Director-General of the Territorials, inspecting the Legion of Frontiersmen.
us who are too old to
offer ourselves have
seen the new recruits
parading in London
and elsewhere, and we
have admired the
physique and alertness
of the men.
Perhaps another
500,000 will be enough
—perhaps not. But if
all we have, it
too late to take
when we find
rt we need more.
In the British Islands
t h e r e are 6,000,000
men o f rccruitable
age. The time to
double—and treble—•
the half million is now,
. Page-104
New Army
Germans arrested in Manchester or> their way to prison in Lancaster.
tjr'
A group of the Manchester Regiment. Our wounded usually evaded the German bullets, but they suffered badly from the shells.
The picture insetted in the circle shows a British soldier exhibiting his wound to a French comrade.
Pa-go 105
The War Illustrated, l&th September, 1914 .
Invalided Home-But Aching to Fight
“Slightly-wounded ** soldiers boarding the hospital ship at Havre.
They are all anxious to have another “pop” at the Prussians.
27«i XV ar lUustixited , 19th September, 1914;
Page 106
The Price that Must be Paid for Freedom
*
Lieut.-Col. J. A. C. GIBBS
(wounded). Duke of Wellington’s
Regiment.
Brigadier-General R. SCOTT-KERR.
C.B., M.V.O., D.S.O. (wonnded).
Grenadier Guards.
Lieut.-Col. M. L. MACEWEN
(wonnded). 16th Lancers.
Major P. J. BAILEY, D.S.O.
(wounded). 12th Lancers.
Major P. W. B. HENNING
(wounded). Royal Field Artillery.
Major N. J. HOPKINS (wounded).
Royal Engineers.
Major C. TOOGOOD, D.S.O.
(wounded). Lincolnshire Regiment.
Capt. W. MELLOR (killed).
Royal Irish Regiment.
Capt. H. BUCKLE (wounded). Capt. L. D. SPENCER (wounded). Capt. T. H. GIBBON (wounded).
Royal Field Artillery. King s Own Scottish Borderers. Royal Army Medical Corps. Duke ot Welti
PM**hy Gale .(■ P<M<v, Speeiyht, ->/<"<« .{• t'e.x. Central Pret’, Banana, nustelU- Sans, Lafauett.-, lulls, I- San.nrlers.
Capt. R. C. CARTER (wounded)
Duke of Wellington’s Regimeni
Major W. R. CHICHESTER
(wounded). Worcester Regiment.
Capt. H. R. SANDILANDS
(wounded). Northumberland
Fusiliers.
Major E. N. TOWNSEND Captain F. MARTIN-LEAKE
wounded). Duke of Wellington’s (wounded). H.M.S. Pathfinder.
Regiment.
Page 10?
The War Illustrated, 19th September, 1914.
Some Gallant Officers Who Have Bled for Britain
Lieut. B. C. C. SEWELL (wounded).
Royal West Kent Regiment.
Lieut. C. BLACKER (died of wounds)
Connaught Rangers.
Lieut. L. RICHMOND (killed).
Gordon Highlanders.
Lieut. Hon. A. WINDSOR-CLIVE
(killed). Coldstream Guards.
Sec.-Lieut. G. H. BROADHURST
(wounded). Royal Field Artillery.
Lieut. Hon. R. 0. D. KEPPEL
(wounded). Coldstream Guards.
Lieut. Sir A. E. HICKMAN
(wounded). 4th Dragoon Guards.
Lieut. Hon. W. A. CECIL
(wounded). Grenadier Guards.
Lieut. L. E. RUSSELL (wounded). Lieut. G. R. F. ROWLEY (wounded).
Duke of Wellington’s Regiment. Coldstream Guards.
Photos by Gale if- Polden, Central News, Lafayette , Speaigh
Lieut. Gerald LEATHER (missing).
H.M.S. Pathfinder.
Sec.-Lieut. G. W. OLIPHANT
(wounded). Duke of Wellington's Regt.
Sport if- General, Bassano, Hills d- Saundc
Sec.-Lieut. W. McC. J. MOONEY
(wounded). Duke of Cornwall's L.I.
Capt. L. SIMPSON (wounded).
King’s Own Yorkshire L.I.
Lieut. H. M. OPENSHAW
(wounded). Norfolk Regiment.
Capt. R. WHITBREAD (wounded).
Coldstream Guards.
The Official Press Bureau did not waste any words in its descrip¬
tion of the sparkling British success at Landrecies. Its plain,
unvarnished account ran as follows : “ A German infantry brigade
advanced in the closest order into the narrow street, which they
completely filled. Our machine-guns were brought to bear on
this target from the end of the town. The head of the column
was swept away, a frightful panic ensued, and it is estimated
that no fewer than 800 to 900 dead and wounded Germans were
lying in this street alone. 11 Contrast this unassuming account
with the screaming reports of mythical German victories !
'Hit ir«r IllusliuU’il 19th September, 1914. .* Page 108
British Machine-Guns Mow Down German Column
1
As a strong German force advanced upon Antwerp, early in
September,the Belgians opened the dykes and flooded the country.
The Germans were thrown into instant confusion. IVIen and.
horses struggled across the inundated fields, and their endeavour
to beat a hasty retreat was unsuccessful. IVlany of their heavy
guns could not be moved, and had to be abandoned. German
soldiers climbed into trees and were made prisoners later. Tho
Fire and Flood Meet the Germans at Antwerp
Belgian artillery opened fire, and nearly turned the German
retreat into a rout. An official statement at Antwerp estimates
the German losses in this encounter at fully one thousand men.
The fortress is prepared to flood further large areas rather than
allow itself to be captured. Defence by inundaton is nothing new,
lor in 1667 the adjacent district of Termondc was saved from a
siege by opening the stupes, and faying (he locality under water.
The H'or Illustrated, 19tli September, 1914.
Leaves from a War Correspondent’s
Expressly written for n » /-< m A I r*0
The War Illustrated Dy A. G. HALES
How the French were trapped on the Plateau
Page 110
Note-Book
near Metz
During, the South African War, Mr. A. C. Hales made a high reputation
as a war ■ correspondent. His glowing descriptions, the vivid tensity
of the language in which he pictures the human side of war. the aptness
of his metaphors, and his fearless comments, combine to thrill us as we
read lus war letters. He has been to the front in France , and from Paris
will send us several noteworthy contributions, the first of which we print
this week.
Paris.
BITTER battle had been raging for hours between
Mitael and Metz. The troops on both the French
and German sides were of the finest. The Germans
were fighting with a savage ferocity that proved their
descent from the white barbarians who of old overran
Europe and gave the people to the sword, their homesteads
to the flames.
The French battled with all their old-time brilliancy,
for never since the sons of France first learned to fight
have the men of this gallant breed displayed finer qualities
of dash and class than in this campaign. So fiery was
their valour, so headstrong their pluck, that again and
again the infantry got out of hand, and, without waiting
for orders, returned headlong to the onset, trving to carry
all before them at the point of the bayonet. Their officers
tried to hold them back, but in vain.
The Germans
Beaten Back
The German artillery gaped their charging ranks, and
rut long swathes through the living lines. The German
nllc fire mowed them down, and German cavalry thundered
on their flanks. They fell in long, uneven lines ; their
red caps dotting the landscape like poppies.thickly strewn
in an English meadow, but the rest charged on. Neither
blistering lead nor flying iron could stay the torrent of
their fiery courage. Over the broken sward, or through
brake and busli they rushed to the onset, and when steel
crossed steel, and man met man in the death grapple,
the big, heavy sons of the Fatherland found they were
no match for the little lean, dark-faced, blazing-eved sons
of bonnie France.
They bore the Germans back foot by foot—yard bv
yard. Home went the bayonet; down crushed the clubbed
rifles.
On went the Frenchmen right into the heart of the
masses of Germans—on until their strength and speed were
spent, as waves that surge landward play out their force.
Then into the German ranks thundered the French
cavalry, to-day as of old, the fiercest arm in their service,—-
they came as the storm comes, torrential-like. In their
splendid abandon, crouching low in their saddles, gripping
like grim death with thighs and knees to keep them¬
selves firm in the impact; then, as the thrill passed, up
high in their stirrups they stood, and, as thev retreated
at the bugle call to cover the retreat of their infantry ;
the big guns of the Germans spoke and regiments melted
like hail that falls on a midsummer day.
Superb Rushes
of the French
But the Germans fell back. They shrank at the sight
of cold steel, and they could see other regiments of France
crouching, tiger-like, for the spring. Those fierce rushes
Of the French were superb. As a French spectator said
of the Light Brigade at Balaklava : “ It is magnificent,
but it is not war." It was courage at a high pitch of
daring. But war—successful war—demands restraint,
discipline, and prudence. These will come to the French
as the campaign lengthens put; they will learn how to
hold their valour in check until their guns have shattered
the massed formation. Then they will go in and take
their toll in dead. It was so at first with the Japanese
infantry in Manchuria, but they learnt in time to hold
themselves in volcanic strength until the time for eruption.
Then nothing could withstand them. So will it be with
France, and in that hour Heaven help the Kaiser’s legions.
They beat the Germans that day between Mitael and
Metz, and in the night the Kaiser’s army fell back towards
the great fortress, the dread history of which tells of so
much disaster to France.
The next day the French general went in pursuit of the
enemy. He neglected proper precautions, and l may’say,
parenthetically, that good scouting has not been under¬
stood in any Continental army. The airship has been
trusted too much for this work. A corps like the I.egion
of Frontiersmen, so long established in London, ought to
do immense service, for there is much difficult country
where the movements of troops in great bodies can be
masked.
An Airship
Gives the Range
The French general came to a great open plateau, and
it is now known that he did not appreciate his proximity
to Metz. He led his troops on to the plateau and halted
to re-form them arid give them a rest. A German airship
came into view high up, beyond range, and hovered like
some huge bird of evil omen.
She was in touch by wireless with the terrible fortress
that lay some ten miles away, and was giving the German
staff full and complete instructions as to the number and
disposition of the French army, locating every force,
every corps. She gave the German garrison gunners
the range to a yard, for every inch of that ground was
mapped out and measured. The Germans of the fort
could shoot almost as accurately from that ten-mile point
of attack as if the French were marching on their, guns in
full view.
That airship and its crew belong to Metz.
The crew know every hillock and hollow as a hawk
knows the ground near its nest. This is a lesson that you
in England should take to heart. Let every fort have
its own aircraft, and make a study of every inch of ground.
Such knowledge may make all the difference between
victory and defeat some day.
The French tried to bring that airship down, hut failed.
Suddenly came a rushing sound, a mighty swishing and
hissing of iron. The dull roar of the distant guns had not
time to travel through space and reach the soldiers of
France before the iron storm was upon them, and the
plateau was swept horn end to end as by a mighty besom in
some fiendish hand. Five thousand men fell in three
minutes. It was as if the earth gaped suddenly and
swallowed them.
An Iron
Storm of Death
There was no chance for valour here—no room for bravery.
The army had been trapped, led by the retreating force
right within the sweep of those devastating guns. The
victory of the preceding day was swept into nothingness
by this catastrophe. All that matchless valour had done
was undone by German craft and cunning. Small wonder
that the rest of the arm}' corps fell back in shattered dis¬
array ; flesh and blood could not stand it.
It was confidence that brought about that holocaust.
A handful of men like our own Gurkhas would have saved
that army corps ; but they have no men equal to the
Gurkhas in any Continental army. For a few hours the
army corps was badly shaken. So suddenly and so utterly
without warning was that terrible stroke from an unseen
source that the men felt it ten thousand times more than
they would have felt the shock of pitched battle against
even hopeless odds. But there, is nothing on earth stouter
and truer than the heart of the French soldier.
. They soon got hold of themselves, rind they rallied and
went forward again. But they gave the plateau fronting
Metz a wide berth.
f*
P«ge 1U
The Soldier-Leaders
The War Illustrat'd, 19th September, 1914.
Relies Upon
General Joffre (second from the right) talking to General de Castelnau.
General Pau, the dashing French Leader.
DOTH General Joffre and Lord Kitchener should know
■ L ' something about German methods of war, for in
their youth both of them fought for France in the war of
1870. When Joffre was elected head of the French Army
in 1911 by a unanimous decision of the Cabinet, all
his countrymen were glad. Practically his only rival
for the position was the dashing veteran, General Pau,
whom, at the first opportunity, lie has now called to his
aid to lead one of the armies of the Franco-British battlc-
frbnt.
.Joffre made his name by nine years of hard service in the
French Soudan and in the campaign that resulted in the
capture of Timbuctoo. But it was not until 1905, at the
age of fifty-three, that he won the epaulettes of a brigadier-
general. Ho next distinguished himself as a military
engineer by his work on the eastern defences of France,
and took partin the last reorganisation of the French Army.
Sparing in words, bluff in manner, and heavy of build,
Joffre has for the last three years worked at strengthening
his country by combating all political influences in military
affairs. A Republican himself, he never spares his generals
because of their Republican sympathies. A few months
before the war began he startled the French public by retiring
five commanders belonging to his own party who had nor.
handled their troops properly in the manoeuvres. Then,
during the war, he at once dismissed some high officers
in Alsace because they lost a battle they might have won.
At present Joffre appears to rely on General Pau, the
one-armed Monarchist soldier, and General de Castelnau,
(he Clericalist, who was his assistant on the General Staff.
One excellent result of this negligence of all politics is that
every Frenchman is now united in the defence of France.
Joffre has won the respect of his men by his thorough¬
going efficiency. But he is far from being a typical French¬
man. lie has, for instance, an almost disconcerting
capacity for silence, and the democracy of Paris, after the
battle at Charleroi, began .to clamour for more information
about the first phase of the terrific contest.
Battery of French artillery advancing over flat, open country tc a difficult line of wooded rising ground.
The liar Illustrated, 19th September, 1914.
Page 112
Paris Preparing for Another Siege
rrotecnon against «_eppeiin and aeroplane attack is assisted by this searchlight mounted on the roof of the Automobile Club in the
Place de la Concorde. The photograph is taken from the lower end of the Champs Elysees.
This barricade in the Paris outskirts was calculated to afford a
shield for musketry fire against the Germans,
pARIS put forth great activity to make the city able to
resist the expected attack of the German hordes.
Girdled by her chain of forts from St. Cyr on the south¬
west to Vaujours on the east—from Palaiseau and
Yilleneuve on the south to Domont and Montmorency on
the north—she felt confident that she could offer a much
more effective resistance than she did forty-four years ago.
And in the event of an investment, the city would be
assisted by the fighting legions of France and Britain
opposing the Germans outside its walls. Paris exerted
every effort that ingenuity in obstruction can devise.
Defences being erected by workmen at the Porte de Clignancourt,
one of the fifty-odd gates of Paris.
The stone-coped wall on the right of the above picture is
part of the old fortifications, and for years there has been
talk of demolishing these as ineffective defences against
assault by modern.siege-guns. They could, of course, still
serve for purposes of defence against cavalry charges, anil
would be points of vantage for musketry defence.
Close up to these old fortifications on the outside, a deep
dry moat runs round, and its chief purpose for many years
has been as a receptacle for rubbish. Photographs of these
fortifications are seldom seen, because it lias long been
expressly forbidden to take them.
-*y-~ . .
113
/.ttv$(juU‘i, 19th .S'-pk-mber.
Victims of the War Driven from their Homes
A !cr«e party of Belgian refugees arriving Rt the Qare dti Word in Paris. They were given food and shelter by the hospitabr
Parisians, hut most of them Fled again when th6 German attack on Paris seemed imminent.
Belgian refugees, with bundles of their personal effects, all they could take from their homes, changing trains in France as they
fled from the devastating advance of the Kaiser’s legions. Notice the two British soldiers walking by the train.
The quayside at Dieppe, showing refugees from Paris waiting
for the boat that is to take them to England. It. is said that
more than 20,000 refugees found a haven in London alone.
A railway platform in Paris. There and in many other towns
of the Continent piles of luggage lie, deserted by refugees,
unable to take their belongings with them.
The H'ar Illustrated, lSth September, 1914.
Page 114
The Inexpiable
German Crime—Louvain
This is the city of Louvain, the pride of cultured Belgium, the
heir of great traditions, the seat of learning, and the home of
art-—before the German crime made it the wreck it now is.
r TIIE huge joke of Louvain is being enjoyed bv these
German officers. But the joke will be repented in
German blood and German tears. Many German widows
will weep for the joke of their husbands, and many German
orphans will suffer for the pleasantry of their sires”. Nothing
has stirred the blood of Germany’s enemies more than this
wanton act of vandalism, which has been as good as a new
army corps to the Allies by the spirit of stern resolve for
vengeance that it has infused into their ranks. Louvain
is still the record crime of the Kaiser’s hordes.
The famous Town Hall of Louvain, which dates from 1448, and is one of the finest Gothic buildings in Europe, has not suffered as at
first was feared, but the ruin all round is made evident by this picture of Teutonic destruction.
'’At li ar Illustrated, 18lh September, 1814
The Sacking of Flanders/ Fairest City
All that remains of the world-famous library at Louvain, the intellectual metropolis of the Low Countries. The wreckage represents
the triumph of German “culturo” over the scholarly culture for which Louvain has been so justly renowned for centuries.
A view of part of the students’ quarter in Louvain. The building on the extreme right of the picture is the Students’ Club. The
University Buildings, the splendid Church of St. Pierre, and the scientific eeiab’ shments are al'o formless helps of ruins.
The TTar Illustrated , 19th September, 1914.
Pusre 116
The Kaiser’s Hordes Lording It in Brussels
After a long march German troops have reached Brussels and they are seeking rest on the stones of the roadway.
J-JERE we see the invading German cavalry making
themselves comfortable in one of the main streets
°' Brussels. The second picture shows German infantry
Passing the famous St. Gudule Cathedral.
A
Tage 117
The 11 'mj Illustrated, 19 th September, 1214 .
Ruined Malines and its Faithful Archbisho
jl. .-J
German artillery has no respect for the Red Cross. At the bom¬
bardment of Malines guns were turned upon the archbishop s state¬
room used as a hospital ward, and our photograph shows the wreckage*
Cardinal Mercier, Archbishop of Malines, refused to deny the
stories of German atrocities, and was therefore refused a safe
conduct back to Belgium, after leaving the Conclave at Rome.
ANCIENT and beautiful Malines has not been spared
by tire Germans. One ‘hundred shrapnel shells ex¬
ploded in the town in a couple of hours on September end,
and did great damage. The cathedral was one of the
centres of fire, and its irreplacable painted windows, its
magnificent gateway, and the famous chimes of its tower,
were totally destroyed.
Malines Cathedral was begun at the end of the 13th
century, and restored in the j.|th and 15th centuries. Its
unfinished tower, begun in 1352, was intended to be the
highest tower in Christendom.
Some of tho Malines treasures, notably the Rubens
paintings in tho church of St. Jean, were conveyed in a
motor-ear to Antwerp to save them from German spoliation.
A hole in the celebrated IVotre Dame Cathedral of Malines, caused
by s Gtrman shell. (Vote the broken telegraph wires.
The Tl’ar Illustrated, 19th September, 1914.
The Belgian “ Won’t-
THF. German reptile Press continues to talk about the
1 “ blind stupidity ’’ and the “ madness ” of the
Belgians, because, in Prussian eyes, a little nation should
have no soul of its own. Britain knows that the Belgian
“ won’t-be-conquered ” spirit is neither stupid nor mad.
Speaking in the House of Commons, Mr. Asquith recalled
the struggles for liberty which small States—Athens and
Sparta, the Swiss cantons, and the Netherlands—had made
Pago 111*
be-Conquered ” Spirit
in the past. Never, he asserted, had duty been mora
heroically discharged than during the last few weeks by
the Belgian King and his people. The Belgians had won
immortal glory, he continued, and they might count to
the end on our whole-hearted and unfailing "support.
Photographs of Belgians who have been wounded fighting
for their country are shown below. We are proud to be
allied to a nation that breeds such heroism.
"It might have been worse,” say these Belgian
carried their own luggage as they came off the ho
After a fight at Aerschot, only seven of a company of Belgicn
Grenadiers were left standing. This hero was one of them.
. ■■■
The Belgians have no big guns such as the Germans have,
but the men who fire them have more pluck. This Belgian
artilleryman goes into action despite a wounded head.
A Belgian despatch-rider who rode twenty miles through the
German lines near Malines. He was shot soon after starting,
but he completed the journey before attending to his wound.
Pago liy
The T Yar Illustrated, 19th September, 1914
Red Cross Heroines who will Ride to the Battle Front
A party cf British Red Cross [nurses about to depart for service at the front. Those on the left will be mounted cn horses,
enabling them better to minister to the needs of those who have fallen on the battlefields.
Equipped for the field of battle.
VT/TIEN there is a lull in the screaming of
vv the shells, and the last embers of a
battle are being extinguished, it is then that
the Red Cross heroes and heroines come
out to assist those who had suffered in the
fight. Brave men and women they are,
taking their lives in their hands, and risking
the stray bullets that fly around, in order
to cheer the last moments of dying men, or
bear the living to the shelter of a hospital.
The State, of course, provides aid for our
sick and wounded warriors, but the British
Red Cross Society supplements it, organising
and supplying extra hospital accommodation,
nursing and medical service, and all the little
luxuries and comforts which mean so much to
the invalid on his bed of pain.
The Duke of Devonshire has generously
loaned that substantial-looking building in
Piccadilly, London—Devonshire House — to
the British Red Cross Society as a temporary
headquarters for the organising staff, many of
whom are voluntary workers. Queen Alex¬
andra and Lord Rothschild are heading''an
appeal for funds to carry on the noble work,
and patriots by the thousand have sub¬
scribed.
In addition to the gifts of money and
personal service, many people throughout
the country have offered to accommodate
wounded soldiers in their homes. Motor¬
cars have also been temporarily presented
to the Society by their owners.
Mrs. St. Clair Stobart, whose portrait
appears opposite, desired to organise a Red
Cross Hospital in Brussels, but she was arrested
by Germans, and nearly shot as a spy. After
many hardships she reached Holland ! safety.
Mrs. St. Clair Stobart.
The War rUuttraiei, lStli September, 1914 .
HOW THE WAR WAGES:
Page 120
THE STORY OF THE
GREAT CONFLICT
TOLD WEEK BY WEEK
The Great French Advance
QN the evening of Sunday, September 6th, the first
phase of the German campaign against France
came to an end. During a month the. German advance
had been carried on, growing in torce and swiftness at a
cost, it is reported, of 400,000 men. Great was the sacrifice,
but at times it seemed worth it. On one occasion the
whole Franco-British force had been in serious danger.
But after the situation,was saved at Cambrai, the retire¬
ment of the allied armies was purely strategetical.
* * *
General JofTre could have fought a general battle at good
advantage a few days after Cambrai, when General Pan
routed the Germans at Guise. But the French commandcr-
in-chief selected a different ground for his grand attack on
the invader. This ground he reached south of Chalons,
where the first Attila with his hordes had been defeated in
the year 451.
* * *
General Joffre’s plan was to win half the battle before
he struck a blow, by drawing a vast mass of the Germans
into a trap. So, despito the chafing of his troops, he
retired and retired again. Paris was the bit of cheese he
left in the path of the German mouse. If the northern
German army under General Kluck tried to approach
Paris, it wouid be cut off from its centre and destroyed.
For General Kluck was getting into difficulties on the
western flank of the German host, and the grand attack all
along the line was fiercely, continuously kept up, so as to
make it unsafe for the German centre to spare any men to
reinforce Kluck on the western flank.
* * *
Here the British forces, supported by French troops
were preparing to deliver the mortal stroke in the battle!
■When Kluck had withdrawn towards his centre, to avoid
being cut off and shattered, his old enemies the British
followed him, and opened their attack on September 6th,
driving him ten miles across the country. Their sideways!
flanking attack threatened not only to defeat and rout
Kluck’s army, but to drive across the back of the German
centre and break up the entire Teutonic host, by cutting its
lines of communications. At any cost the British attack
had to be repulsed ; but at the time of writing the German
was still giving way, with the British bavonet pricking the
skm over bis heart. By September 10th our troops had
crossed the Marne, capturing guns and Maxims and' taking
prisoners. The enemy was driven, back all along the
battle-front, exhausted and suffering severely. The
Belgians were pursuing 40,000 Germans hastening towards
France to reinforce their ^treating main army.
* * *
e Russian Advance
Though General Kluck saw the danger in time, and
drew back, under a far-spread screen of cavalry, leaving
the British troops to enjoy the first rest the)' - had had
since Mons, the general position of the whole German force
siiil remained very insecure. Joffre at last had clean
outplayed Moltke the Second, and the allied armies entered
on the general battle with superior positions.
* * *
The German commander tried to win back by force
What he had lost through lack of skill. He flung-hls main
ttoops, on Sunday, September 6th, against the French
centre;in a desperate attempt to wedge through the French
»nnic3, and then destroy them separately. But by ■ the
evening of that day the German attack had been reputed.
With this failure, the invaders’ movement of advance came
to a stop. •
♦ * *
The British Army’s Attack
’jfHE French advance began. For the first time since
Kapoleon was at the height of his power'the Prussian
was compelled to give way, in a vast, decisive battle, to
the Frenchman. Having
driven back the enemy be¬
tween Fere Champenoiso
and Vitry, the French
centro, on September 7th
and the following days,
began a steady, slow, pro¬
gressive movement against
the German centre, pushing
It back in a north-easterly
direction.
* * *
But neither of the oppos¬
ing centres w-as the decisive
place of action in the first
part of the great battle.
General Joffre was only bold¬
ing the enemy’s centre in a
vigorous manner, and com¬
pelling him to put every
available man into the fight¬
ing-line to prevent the Ger¬
man retreat becoming a
German rout. On the eastern
wing the same pressure was
exerted for the same pur¬
pose.
was a nnsiaivc 10 can me Kussian a
aieuin-ruirer.
' GOOD-BYE ! 1
1
is the avalanche, that lias a speed as terrific as its
force. While gathering for the lightning-like fall, the
Russians allowed the main Austrian army to penetrate
far into Russian Poland. Only such opposition was made
as was necessary to shepherd the Austrian troops to the
position at Lublin it was desired they should occupv.
then, on August 17th, two Russian armies quietly united
far to the south of the Austrian position, while the main
foicc of the 1 sax collected, four hundred miles away from
the southern Russian armies. It was a daring bit of
Strategy, for it allowed the Austrians to concentrate against
-either one of the two parts of the divided Russian force.
But the-thing was done with such segreev that the Austrian
commander did not learn of it till too late.
* * % *
. IT , C Placed a second army of 200,000 men round Lemberg
in his rear, to piotect his main force at Im'blin. from boin ,r
'encircled by the northern and southern Russian hosts’
But on September .4th, after an eight-day battle, the
second Austrian army was routed, and many of its men
all its stores,• and most of its guns captured by Genera!
Russky, commanding the southern Russian forces. After
sending out Cossacks to tako
and hold the main passes of
the Carpathian. Mountains,
leading to Buda-Pestli, Gen¬
eral Russky turned north¬
ward. to carryout his original
task of enveloping the main
Austrian forces in the rear,
while the Northern Russian
army ringed' them round in
the front.
Germany then intervened
to saveAns'tria-Hungary from
rapid, complete destruction.
She threw reinforcements
into the Austrian force near
Lublin, getting her troops
through the lessening gap be¬
tween the northern and
southern Russian hosts. The
Russians continued their vast
enveloping movement, and
at the same time menaced
Central Germany with
invasion. Their battle-front
stretched 1,000 miles.
The li'ur Illustrated, 19 th September, 1914 .
OUR DIARY OF THE WAR
Junk 28.—Assassination of Archduke Franz
Ferdinand and his wife at Sarajevo.
July 23.—Austro-Hungarian ultimatum to /
Servia.
July 2 p—The Russian Cabinet considers
Austrian action a challenge to Russia.
July 27.—Sir F. Grey proposes conference*
to which 1'ranee and Italy agree.
July 28. — Austria-Hungary declares war
against Servia.
July 2<). — Austrians bombard Belgrade. Tsar
appeals to Kaiser to restrain Austria.
July 30,- — Russia mobilises sixteen Army
Corps.
July 31. —State of war declared in Germany.
General mobilisation ordered in Russia.
London Stock Exchange closed.
Aug. i. — Germany sends twelve hours’ ulti-
. matum to Russia to stop mobilising,
declares war, and invades Luxemburg.
King George telegraphs to Tsar.
Mobilisation in Austria, Franco,
Belgium, and H» Hand.
Italy and Denmark declare neutrality.
Sir John French appointed Inspector-
General of the Forces.
British Naval Reserves called up.
Bank rate 10 per cent.
M. Delcassc French War Minister.
Montenegro identifies herself with
Servia.
Aug. 2, — German cruisers bombard Bona
(Algeria). British ships seized at Kiel.
Outpost fighting on Russian and
French frontiers of Germany.
Roumania declares neutrality.
Aug. 3.— Germany declares war against
France, and demands right to cress
Belgium, regardless of treaty.
Belgium refuses to allow passage of
German troops through her territory, and
King Albert sends “supreme appeal” to
King George.
German troops envelop Vise, and their
advance guard approaches Liege.
Sir F. Grey’s speech in the Commons.
British naval mobilisation completed.
Moratorium^ Bill passed, and Bank
Holiday extended to Aug. 7.
Ai g. 4. — Germany declares war on France
and Belgium, and her troeps, under
General von Emmich, attack Liege.
Belgian defence conducted by General
Leman.
German Reichstag authorises an extra¬
ordinary expenditure of £265,000,000.
Great Britain declares war on Germany.
British Army mobilisation begins, and
Reserves and Territorials are called up.
Mr. Asquith’s speech in the Commons.
Australia offers to send 20,000 men.
Admiral Sir John Jcllicco appointed to
supreme command of the Home Fleets.
The British Government takes contn l
of the railways.
Arc. 5.—Fierce lighting at Liege. Lcrd
Kitchener appointed War Minister.
Kcenigen Luise, German minelayer,
sunk-off Harwich by H.M.S. Lance.
British White Paper issued.
Arc.. < 3 .—H.M.S. Amphion sunk in North Sea
by iloating mine ; 131 lives lost.
Lord Kitchener asks for 500,000 recruits,
200,060 to be raised forthwith.
Vote of credit for £100,000,000 agreed
to by the Commons without di>seut.
Aug. 7.—Germans refused armistice at Liege.
Prince of Wales’s National Relief Fund
• Veiled.
New £1 and tos. banknotes issued, and
P stal-orders made legal tender.
Aug. x .—French troops occupy Altkirch and
M ulhouse.
Port of Lome (German Togoland) taken.
Bank rate 5 per cent.
French and Belgian troops co-operating
in Belgian territory.
Aug. 9.—German troops in Liege town.
Austria sends troops to help Germans.
German submarine IT 5 sunk by
H.M.S. Birmingham.
Aug. 10.—Diplomatic relations between France
and Austria broken off.
French fall back from Mulhouse but
take-up passes in the Vosges.
Enrolment of first batch of 30,000
special constables for London area.
Canada offers 20,000 men and 98,000,000
lb. of flour.
Official Press Bureau opened in Londrn.
Aug. ii.—G erman concentration . on Metz-
Liege line.
Two thousand German spies reported
to have been arrested in Belgium.
Aug. 12. — England and Austria at War.
German cruisers Goeben and Breslau
enter Dardanelles, and arc purchased, by
Turkey.
Aug. 13. — Battle of Haelcn, between 1 iegc
ami Brussels, ends, according to the
Belgian War Office, “ all to the advantage
of the Belgian forces.”
Swedish Rigsdag decides on an expen¬
diture of £2,800,000 for defence.
Austrian-Lloyd steamer sunk by mine
in Adriatic.
German “"official” news first sent « ut
by wireless.
German steamer captured cii Lake
Nyassa.
Aug. 14.—French war credit of £40,000,(00
authorised.
Aug. 15.—The Frincc of Wales’s Nath nal
Relief Fund reaches £1,000,000.
British Press Bureau issues warning
against alarmist rumours.
Taveta (British East Africa) occupied
by Germans.
Aug. 16.—French drive Germans back at
Dinaut.
Tsar promises Home Rule to a re-united
Poland.
Aug. 17.—It is reported officially that the
British Expeditionary Force has landed
safely in France.
Belgian Government -removes from
Brussels to Antwerp.
Japan asks Germany to remove her
warships from Japanese and Chinese
waters, and to evacuate Kiac-chau ;
reply to be received by August 23.
French Fleet sinks small Austrian
cruiser in the Adriatic.
Tsar and Tsaritsa attend solemn
service in Moscow.
Aug. 18. — Desultory lighting in North Sea.
French advance in Alsace-Lorraine.
Aug. iq.— 1 Germans occupy Louvain.
Russian forces defeat 1st German Army
Corps near Eydtkuhncn.
Aug. 20. —Abandoned for stratogieal^easons,
Brussels is formally entered by the
Germans.
The French retake Mulhouse.
Aug. 21.—British concentration in France
practically complete.
German war levies of £8,oc<\ooo on
•Brussels (£11 per head of the inhabitants),
and £2.400,000 on province of Liege.
Battle of Charleroi begins.
Frauco-Brhish loan of £20,000,006 to
Belgium announced.
Partial investment of Namur.
Servian victory on the Drina ivp« rted.
Russians rout three German Army
Corps in East Prussia, after two days’
battle.
Aug. 22 .—British troops extended from Conde
through Moils and Hindu*.
Battle of Charleroi ends ; French com¬
pelled to withdraw.
Aug. 23.—Japan dedan s war on-Germany.
British Army engaged at M« ns against
greatly superi »r forces ; battle lasted
four days.
Three oi Namur forts fall; town evacu¬
ated by the Allies.
Two Danish ships sunk by mines.
After a six days’ struggle the French
withdraw from Lorraine.
Aug. 24. — Fall of Namur.
Allies abandon line o.f the Sambre.
Germans try to drive British into Mau-
beuge; but British hold .their-own.
Major Namech, commandant, blows up
, Fort Chaudfontaine, Liege, to prevent it
falling into the hands of the enemy.
Aug. 25.—I-ouvaia destro3’ed by Germans.
Allies retire, fighting rearguard actions,
towards the Cambrai—Le Cateati line.
Lord Kitchener, in House of Lords. pays
big tribute to gallantry of British troops.
Mr. Asquith; in the Commons, says
“ Wc want all the troops we can get.”
Zeppelin drops bombs on Antwerp.
Aug. 26.—British forces engaged at Tournai
and Guignies; and hold line Cambrai—
Le Cateau—Landrecies.
Surrender of Togoland.
Austria declares war on Japan.
German troops in East Prussia r« ported
to have fled to Konigsberg.
Aug. 27.—Allies retire towards line of the
Somme.
British Marines occupy Ost< nd.
German cruiser Magdeburg l>Vwn up
off the Russian coast.
German armed liner Kaiser Wilhelm
der Grosso smik by ILM.S. Highflyer.
Aug. 28.—Mi dines bombarded by the Germans.
Three German cruisers and two Gor¬
man destroyers sunk off Heligoland, with
loss of over 800 men. British casualties,
8r.
Enlistment of second 100,000 New
British Army begins.
Lord Crewe announces that in response
to native wishes Indian troops ure to take
part i:i thfc war in Europe.
Aug. 29.—French Army drives back the
enemy near Guise.
German aeroplane drops bombs over
Paris.
Russians invest Konigsberg. in Eastern
Prussia.
Aug. 30.—Surrender of Apia (German San oa)
to New Zealand force.
Arc. 31.—Allies have retired to line between
Amiens and Verdun ; the British covering
and delaying troops being frequently
engaged.
British casualties, Aug. 23-26 : killed,
163 ; wounded, 686 ; missing, 4.278.
Sept. i.— 1st British Cavalry Brigade and .jth
Guards Brigade sharply engaged with
enemy near Compiegne
Qth Lancers capture ten German giuis.
Russians after seven days’ fighting
rout five Austrian Army Corps (over
250,000 men), at I.emberg, m Galicia,
take 70,000 prisoners, and capture 200
guns.
Russian reverse in East Prussia reported.
More bombs dropped on Paris.
Sept. 2.—Allies held line of the Stine. the
Marne, and the Meuse above Verdun.
Name of Russian capital altered from
St Petersburg to IMrograd. National
Relief Fund, £2,000,000.
Sept. 3.—Germans at Guippcs, YiUo-sur-
Tourbe, and Chateau Thierry and pre¬
paring to cross the Marne at Iia l ertc-
sous-Jouarre.
French Government withdraw from
Paris to Bordeaux ; General Gallietii ap¬
pointed military governor of Paris.
Further list of British casualties in
France i sued: Killed, 7a; wounded
390 ; missing, 4.758.
Fighting near Chantilly.
H.M.S. Speedy, gunboat, mined.
Russian occupation of Lemberg con¬
firmed.
Trade Finon Congress issues a manifesto
calling" on trade unionists to i ::i the
British Army.
SrrT. 4.—Mr. Asquith, in speech at Guildhall,
says that since the. opening of the war
between 250,000 and 300,000 men have
answered Lord Kitchener’s appeal.
Mr.. Asquith, Mr. Churchill, Mr.
Balfour and Mr. Bonar Law speak at
Guildhall.
Two German airmen captured in dam¬
aged aeroplane in North Sea.
Seven German destroyers and torpedo
boats reported* to have reached Kiel in
damaged condition*
(For continuation of our Diary of the War, see Page ii. of Cover),
The War Illustrated.
19H1 September, T914.
“ Something-to-Smoke ”
FUND
for Soldiers at the Front
Personal Gifts of Cigarettes and Tobacco and
the Soldier knows the parcel . comes from you.
T^icro are many appeals for funds to
carry on every branch of relief for those'at
hpnjjE), but T'iik War • Illustrated “.Sonn-
i hihg-to-Surokb-” Fund is of an entirely
different nature.
Icovers a new field.
]r is a ‘‘happy fund.”
This fund is-solely for the benefit of our
fighting men at the Trout.
Its mission is to provide soldiers with
almost the only luxury of happiness they
call get—viz., ‘‘something to smoke.”
Our .soldiers at the front don’t like
French Caporal cigarettes. They' want
British-made cigarettes and a pipe of
British .tobacco,- artel tliyse are .'difficult to
get in France.
Every 6d. makes One Soldier happy
and for every 5 - subscribed, “The War Illustrated" contributes a Shilling Pipe.
Then, again, it is too expensive for any¬
one to send single parcels to individual
soldiors.^ . ...
If 'one bought* cigarettes anti, tobacco, in
the ordinary way, fli 6 price paid would* in¬
clude, the .high duty charged on tobacco in
Britain, as well as the cost ofjiostagc. *
Thf..AVaj{ Illustrated, however, lias got
over all those 'difficulties,• ami arranged to *
do collectively .what cannot be doneysingly.
In the first place, *wc have arranged, to
avoid payment of the British .duty, oh cigar
* rtos and tobacco, by 'having the parcels
despatched from.an in-bond, duty-free ware-
house. . • " - —
And in the.second place, these parcels are.
nil collected together, and shipped -in-large
eases uncV*r the care of the War Office. •
,So in this way-the whole of the money
collected by The War Illustrated- ‘Fund is
devoted To t lie- fullest possible -value in
cigarettes and -tobacCo. Nothing is spent
in'duty or charges.' * • '
.Auxl the fact that the well-known firm of
Martins, Ltd., of 210, Piccadilly, London.
W., has undertaken these * supplies is
sufficient giyirantce of tho high quality of
both the cigarettes and tobacco.
““How many®*
6d. parcels will you send?
Please fill in and send this with your
contribution. ' ■ ,
To the Treasurer,
“Something-to-Smoke ’ Fund,
The War Illustrated,.
• Pled way House,
. , London, E.C.
Dear Sir, 1 want to mafic .. soldiers
hajyyy, SO l enclose £ : : to cover
the cost of a bd. •parcel to each soldier. .
Kvcry 6d. provides one- soldier with a
parcel of v cigarettes and tobacco, as-shown
on this page. These parcels in the ordinary
way would cost-from Is., to Is. 6d. each.
Then, again. every parcel is a personal
gift to an ’ individual soldier from some
individual. ’ 1
The .name, and address of the sendci; is on
every 'pack c't as shown'below, so That, 'even
though the soldier may not’be personally
known to the''sender,-yet the Soldier knows'
w horn lie has to thank.
L.
appreciates his “ something to smoke ” all
thamoi'c.' It increases his happiness many
fold. - - • • . . . *
L very body'can iieljj to make the soldiers
happy.
There are t wo ways to help, and every
sixpence helps. , <.
One way is to send sixpences . direft to
this fund, and for each sixpence you send
one soldier gets one parcel, with your name
and address written on it.
The oilier way is to collect sixpences from
your friends and neighbours for a £5 ship¬
ment of 200-parcels, to he sent to soldier-
who have gone to the front, from your
district. - * -
This would inak'e possible a special sli-ip-
ment to any. particular regiment-or coin-
p/ny you name. . . .*
A:: d for theuv special, shipment - the
wrappers on each parcel are printed like
this;
GOOD LUCK FROM FRIENDS AT
' IV
(Town]
-Vi
(Same xitrd adllrtss oj Collector.)
Naturally, this personal .gift is. a-direct,
remembrance from -home, and the soldier
A*n<h furl her, if desired, a’ - fulb List *of. the
lianfes'of tin''friends wlm have Subscribed is
etic 1 Used in. tlie’shipment. t . *^ .
This method, ’of collection is specially
suit ed -to lailies who can spa re the time to
make soldiers at the front happy, v
•Will -you please write for a collecting
1 sheet for our “ Somotliing-tb : SmbkeFund
for Soldiers at the Front.
This is
what
the Soldier
gets—6d. of
happiness.
Net m c
Address
If you want
a Collecting Sheet
Please fill in your name and address
here.
Name
Address
Printed and Published by the Amalgamated Press, Limited, The Fleet way House, Farringdon Street, London, E.C.
Published by Gordon & Gotch in Australia land New Zealand- ; by The '(Central Newsfeency,i Ltd.in South Africa/, and The Imperial News Co., Toronto and
Montreal in Canada. Advertisement applications should be made to the Advertisement Manager, The FleHuay House, Farringdon Street,' London, E.C.
Registered as a newspaper, and registered for the Canadian Magazine Post. *
The W ar Illustrated, 2C£A September, 1914.
Registered at the G.l'.O. as a newspaper.
NINETY WAR PHOTOS, PICTURES & PORTRAITS ,N THIS
NUMBER!
The Lance of Bengal to aid Britain in the War I
VOL. I.. No. 6.
Week endin'-'
26 Sept., 1914
The ir«r Illustrated, 26 ih September, 1914 . ii
Leaves from a War Correspondent’s Note-Book
Exprrss'y written for D’A P Mtl fC
The War Illustrated X5y J\. Vj. n/VJLHO
The Death Harvest of the Dastard Zeppelin
Paris.
ROM boyhood to manhood I have loved peace, yet
some perverse fate has always dragged me where
storms and tempests arc loosened. 1 had a heaven—
once—within the circle of a woman’s arms. The grey
rider came and left me desolate.
And yet I love to look on the happiness of others. The
sweetest picture in the world to me is the living picture
of a man with his household idols around him ; his wife
with her foot upon the rocker of a cradle ; his children
clustering round him in the firelight’s glow ; his day’s
work done ; his sweat and toil repaid by the all-compelling
glances of his mate—his woman, his partner in joy and
sorrow, victory and defeat.
God bless the women 1 They are the salt of the earth.,
as man is the sweat of the brown earth that cradled us all.
It is the women I feel for now—not only the British
women, but the women of the world. This is their hour
of despair ; they' are drinking the broth brewed from tears,
and eating the unleavened cakes baked on the breasts of
sorrow. Heaven pity them, for they' walk on thorns and
every step is marked with blood.
We do not value them sufficiently in peace time, but if
wc be men, we can die for them in time of war. This is
our privilege.
Tn“ Anguish of
Old Women
Come here, where war’s hellish footprints arc pressed
into the soil; come here, where the earth is red with good,
bra\c blood, and you will know what womanhood stands
for. Here we arc on the crater of Hades, and it is the
women who are making the men great. Yet how the women
arc suffering! The old grey wife clutches the children
at her heart and holds them. They are bone of her bone,
though she never bore them; but she bore the father who
begat them or the mother who brought them forth, and
their blood is her blood.
She listens in the watches of the night when even the
mothers and the fathers sleep, for age is long-suffering and
anguish tears at the withered hearts. She watches—she
waits—she listens—as you in England would watch and
wait and listen if the German devil got possession of the
Channel coast, and were free to let his airships loose upon
your cities.
The night passes, the children rise from their sleeping
and run about their play in chubby beauty and all the
recklessness of young life that knows not sorrow or pain
or dread. The mother takes up the granddame’s burden ;
every sound makes her start and grip her breasts, as if
a knife had stabbed her.
She is full of the pain of unknown tilings. The joy of
her man, the blissful dreams of the long months that
heralded the coming of each babe has to be paid for now—
paid for in pain and unnameable fear. You may know
all about this in England, unless y'ou move and
meet the storm while it is yet afar from your gates, for
that which has happened here will happen to you, not
in y’our children’s time, but now in your time, for the Goths
are out on the war-path, and the maddest devil since
Nero has donned his war-paint.
Ths Glory of
Killing Children
William the accursed is hacking his way to power, and
his airships are dropping bombs that are blowing women
and children to fragments. What does he care how many
babes he kills—is he not William the anointed of God ?
What does he care how many women’s hearts he breaks_
lie. the mad devil, the spawn of Satan, thinks only of his
glory?
Think of it—the glory that comes to a man from the
mangled bodies of little children. Ye Gods in heaven! it
is awful. I have seen the semi-savages in South American
States at war—part Indian, part Negro, part Spanish—
and I thought I knew how low a country could sink; but
it takes a Kaiser, a Hohenzollem—the exalted personality
in whom German “ culture ” is focussed—to show to
what depths of baseness, love of power and criminal
vanity can bring a man and a nation.
The Red Hand
of Ihe Kaiser
I used to love the Germans. I thought them a grand
people, full of high ideals. I know them now. They slay
little children and—women. I had not thought to live to
see this day—a splendid people led into infamy by a mad
dog who has grown blind looking upon himself until he
counts himself a god—and such a god! His hand is
red with murder, not with war.
The night lias passed—the day wears on—the city hums
with life. The sky is blue, the meadows near the city
blush with beauty. Nature murmurs joyously and the
world is glad. It docs not seem that even a Kaiser can
blast all joy out of existence. Devil that he is, his lust
of power has limitations. The chime bells peal out joyously
to God—only the mothers are white-lipped and heavy-
eyed as they watch their broods at play. They do not
reason, they do not think. They only know.
How do they know, these women ? Why do their
breasts ache where the sweet lips clung ? What instinct
is it that makes them weary with anguish they cannot
explain ? The fathers arc brave and strong and steadfast;
they do not want to fight but they will fight, and the
women know it.
The women stand at their doors chatting. They begin
to laugh ; the terrors of the time have passed them by.
They joke with one another, and sly words pass between
old friends conveying things that women tell only to
women—a sentence half spoken is checked by a nod,
a glance, a touch of a finger on arm or shoulder, a shy look]
a downward drooping of the eyes, a little laugh, a matronly
blush, a whispered word of hope and cheer heralding the
coming of good times when peace shall reign in the land,
and then—a blinding flash of intense light, a noise as if
hell were growling ; doom cave in. ceilings come down,
chimneys topple over on roofs, windows crash and smash
and clatter, roadways and pavements arc tom up; smoke,
flame, and fire burnt up, the stink of blood and burning
flesh, the sudden awful shriek of mangled human beings
fill the air and herald the greatness, the grandeur, the
manly magnificence of the Kaiser.
When the Smske
has Cleared Away
The Zeppelin floats away. It sails high above the
town ; so high it seems only a speck in the blue where
God is supposed to be watching' and smiling at this
holocaust of those who dared to frown on him whom God
had made Kaiser of the Germans and ruler of millions_
according to the cult of the great parricide.
the smoke cleats away, the Zeppelin has gone far out
of reach, the splendid warriors who dropped, the bombs
have scurried off to tell to William’s delighted ears the
news of the work so bravely done, and in the roadwav lie
the fruits of German chivalry, the aftermath of Teuton
bravery—a woman who gave suck to a babe at 'the breast,
and some little children mangled, ripped and tom and
twisted, dying from hurt.
And this is kingcraft; this the ripe fruit of all that high
philosophy, which savants have acclaimed for a generation
past, this is Germany at her best and highest—a war on
picgnant women and toddling babes, on old grey men and
peaceful burghers—why ? To fill the accursed boast that
nevci has a Hohenzollem live l and reigned who did not
add some miles of stolen territory to Germanic powers.
1
ftyj; A WEEKLY PICTURE-RECORD OF EVENTS BY LAND, SEA AND AIR L or seSer n m5
THE FARRIER IN THE FRAY- AN EPISODE AT COMPIEGNE
Whan the 6th Dragoons charged the Germans at Compiegne on September 1st, the r gimental shoeing-smith would not
be left out. ■’ Armed only with a hammer, he took part in the fremled anllop end wielded his weapon with deadly eftec.t.
Tin 11 *../ Ulustrn fed; 26 ili September, 1914 :
rage 122
THE GREAT EPISODES OF THE WAR
III.—The Battle of Heligoland Bight
O VER the great Bight, formed by the estuaries of
the Elbe, the Ems, and the Jabde, the fortress
island of Heligoland stands as sentinel. It is the
German Gibraltar, on fortifying which many millions
of pounds have been spent since it was obtained from Great
Britain in exchange for Zanzibar.
The guns command the deep water passages to the
German naval ports in the North Sea, and - allow the
German fleet to move securely behind ihe island until
" The Bay ” arrives. In the meantime, the fortress is
regarded as the base for a scries of mosquito attacks by
swift German destroyers that will wear down the strength
of the British fleet.
On the evening of August 27th everything seemed
favourable for a German destroyer raid of this kind. For
the first time since war opened, a mist was gathering
thickly on the North Sea. Through the fog twenty-four
German destroyers crept to the shelter of the guns of
Heligoland, in preparation for the great adventure. At
some distance behind them were three cruisers—the Mainz,
Kooln, and Ariadne—with a flotilla of submarines.
The Wonderful Eye
of the Submarine
From the island searchlights played over the darkening,
half-veiled sea, and officers with telescopes looked for the
special signs of British watchfulness—for the swift, small,
scouting destroyers that form the eyes of.every modern
fleet. But no British destroyer was in sight. None, indeed,
had been seen off Heligoland since the outbreak of hostilities.
But, all unseen, below the waters on that spot strange
things had been happening for three weeks. Little bright
mirrors had popped up and turned to all points of the
compass, furrowing the waves, and leaving pennants of
foam streaming behind them. The periscopes of the
daring British submarines escaped the German vision.
Ihe enemy looked on these slow, unhandy, hidden vessels
as useful but untested agents of destructive attack. He
never suspected we should use them for close observation
m his own waters, instead of relying on the orthodox-
scouting operations of visible destroyers. This was one
of the great secrets of British naval tactics, and it was
not to be cheaply revealed by a submarine torpedo attack
on any German ship.
Larger results than that were expected to flow from our
unique, unguessed-at method of studying all the enemy’s
movements. The operations conceived in view of the
proposed German destroyer raid were entrusted to the
youngest and most dashing of our admirals, Admiral .Sir
Bavid Beatty. He made a bold and subtle scheme of
attack. T he idea was to tempt the German commander
to launch out on something more important and fruitful
than a torpedo skirmish.
A Challenge that
was Declined
One of our destroyer flotillas, with its flotilla cruiser, the
Arethusa, was sent under Commodore Tyrwhitt to Heligo¬
land. The other tw-o parts of the British naval force were
kept at some distance away, and curtained by the fog.
So fa.r as the Germans were allowed to view the affair, the
opening of the conflict w-as the result of an unhappy accident
on the part of the too adventurous Commodore Tyrwhitt.
Prowling about on the foggy sea at dawn on August 28th,
the leader of the British destroyer flotilla blundered by the
merest chance on twenty-four German torpedo craft ready
for a raid !
As the dark-grev form of the British cruiser loomed
through the mist, with the dim, low shapes of her attendant
destroyers just visible on each side of her, the German
vessels fled. But it was only a pretended flight. Their
commander w as trying to lure the British within the range
of the guns of Heligoland. The kind invitation to come
in and be sunk was declined, and the Arcthusa’s six-inch
forward gun shelled the fleeing German destroyers.
To protect their small craft, on which the British des¬
troyers were also firing, the fine, new German -cruisers.
the Mainz and the Kocln, camo out'of the mist, and the
older, slower Ariadne steamed into action. Matters
suddenly became too hot for the British boats. For after
landing one shell on rite enemy, the Arethusa got a very
bad blow, a, shell—probably from the Mainz—bursting
in her .cngir.e-room. She was drawing off, sadly injured,
when a destroyer belonging to our submarines got chased.
The Arethusa, forgetting her own internal troubles, limped
along, like a wounded mother hen fighting for a strayed,
endangered chick, and bravely drove off the attackers.
In the meantime, our destroyer flotilla went into action.
As it was forming up on the Arethusa the mist around was
stabbed with flame, the spears of fire appearing scarcely
two hundred yards away. The British destroyers at once
strung out, in order to offer less target than they were
doing while in a bunch. Then they charged the big, four-
tunnelled German cruiser that was trying to annihilate
them at short range. Their charge .drew the enemy’s fire
'off their injured flotilla leader.
A Daring Attack
by Destroyers
It was like a troop of hussars riding at a line of big
siege-guns, one shell from which was complete destruction.
But, unlike siege-guns, those of the hostile warship could
be rapidly trained in any direction, and they blazed away
at the charging destroyer flotilla.
The destroyers fired in return, but their four-inch guns
seem to have done little or no damage. This was in the
nature of things. A British destroyer is more than a match
for a German destroyer, and can, at a pinch, tackle two of
them, as her ordnance is heavier. But against a cruiser
a destroyer’s fire is almost useless. Her vibrating, pulsing
deck, continually changing direction as she dodges, is a bad
gun platform, and there is not room in the narrow space
for range-finding instruments, while a fire-control is
impossible.
The cruiser has a fire control on her tall masts, and
proper range-finding mechanism. Her fire is steady anil
directed with deadly science. The speed at which the
destroyers are advancing is quickly measured, and the
guns arc trained mechanically at each shot, to allow for
each new- advance of the hostile craft. The marvel is that
none of our destroyers was sunk in, this wildly unequal
combat.
I* They were saved by a trick. As they charged at lull
speed, the enemy’s shells at first went over them. Then,
when the enemy got the right range—in five seconds — our
destroyers altered their course. Instead of rushing on in
the straight line which the hostile fire-control had by that
time' measured, they swerved, dodged, and, charging
forward from a new direction, launched their torpedoes
and returned to the Arethusa.
Mosquitoes of the Sea
Attack the Mainz
They found their mother ship still'afloat, but the Fearless
w as engaging a three-funnellcr, tho Mainz. The mosquitoes
of the fleet joined in the attack on the Mainz, or flung
themselves on any German destroyer that was wishful to
finish the poor, brave, suffering Arethusa.
1 1 was a very one-sided fight, and it had been so arranged
by Admiral Beatty. He wanted to give the German,
cruiser squadron an easy prey to bring them into action.
Our destroyers intentionally accepted very severe punish¬
ment.
It was like a fight in the darkness, for the mist w as so
thick that our sh ips could not see how. each other fared, and
it .was only possible to make out the opposing grey
shadow', and fire at it amid the acrid, stifling fumes of
picric acid from the shells bursting around.
Beating away the destroyers, the three German cruisers
closed about the wounded Arethusa to complete her
destruction. She devoted all her remaining energies on
the Mainz; endeavouring to sink her before she .sank her¬
self. But the position of affairs suddenly altered. The
Arethusa and her destroyers had fulfilled their part of the
1
The !!’(//■ I this l ruled, 26ih Scptcinbt
1914.
plan. They had smashed up the German destroyer
divisions and drawn the German cruisers into action.
Our Light Cruiser Squadron, under Commodore
Goodenough, steamed through the thinning morning
mist to the place where firing was going on, and engaged
the three hostile cruisers. They in turn had now become
the bait to a larger battle. If they were punished badly,
the German battleships must come to their aid. So " The
Day ” would immediately arrive.
• The British cruisers fought in the Jellicoc manner.
Singling out one enemy — the Mainz — they concentrated
their guns on her. In one minute the splendid vessel was
on flame amidships, and rnany of her distraught men
deserted their guns in the uninjured parts of the ship.
This was probably why the officers fired on the seamen
who jumped into the sea when our boats came to rescue
them. The officers were mad with anger that their gunners
had not fought their guns till the last possible moment.
The Vision Behind
the Curt in of Mist
. As the Mainz burst into flame, the mist lifted, showing
our Battle Cruiser Squadron, with Admiral Beatty leading
on the Lion, and chasing the other two German cruisers.
The British ships wore much faster, and soon overtook the
hostile vessels. Yet it seems they were in no haste to
begin the work of destruction, the idea probably being to
allow the doomed German ships to send-wireless messages
for help to their battleships. ‘But though the battleships
must have heard for hours the sound of firing, none of them *
came to Heligoland to protect their cruisers.
The Lion let the Koeln fire at her for ten minutes with¬
out replying. It was like a terrier snarling at a mastiff
waiting for'something of his own size to fight. But as no
Worthy opponent appeared, the Lion fired a broadside-
each shell more than half a ton of hard steel and picric
acid explosive.
The stricken cruiser was hidden in a cloud of flame and
smoke. When the air cleared, a huge hole was visible in
The 4,350-ton cruiser JVlainz was one of the three German vessels
sunk in the daring naval escapade on August 28th, when Rear-
Admiral Beatty attacked the German navy right under the
guard of the Heligoland forts. A Tew shots from the attacking
ships smashed two of her funnels, carried away her mainmast,
and set heron fire. She is_seen in the.photograph settling down
by the bows. The small inset picture shows the : Mainz intact.
her side. She half hauled down her ensign, then rc-hoistcd
it and opened fire. Five shots from the thirtcen-and-a-half-
inch guns of the Lion again struck her ; she burst and
sank, and though the Sputhamptpn at once, steamed over
the spot, there was not a mail tq .be rescued. In the -
meantime the Ariadne had been shelled, and lurched
away in a sinking condition. ;
Seeing that nothing could tetnpt. the. German.'battleships
to come from behind Heligoland and ' engage, • Admiral
Beatty withdrew with all his ships, having sunk five'of. the.
enemy’s vessels, without losing anything except a boat
Even the Boat's crew was saved. They had put out from,
the Defender in a whaler to rescue some .German sailors
who had flung themselves ' into the sea from a sinking"
destroyer. Before the whaler could row back, a German
cruiser chased the Defender away. The gallant life-savers
found themselves in an open boat, with nothing but fog and
foes round them, the nearest land twenty-five miles distant,
and that land the enemy’s fortress. Suddenly the water
was disturbed close by. and amid the swirl the conning-
tower of the British submarine Eq emerged. The tower
opened, everybody in the boat was taken in. the submarine
dived, and took "the brave, abandoned sailors two hundred
and fifty miles across the sea to their own land.
A Virtory of Great
Moral Value
Such was the romantic ending of the first .fight since
Trafalgar for the general’ command of the sea. The Battle
of the Bight was not decisive, owing to the remarkable
reluctance of the German admiral to bring his battleships
into action, even when they seemed to have only the task
of saving three German cruisers from our Light Cruiser
Squadron. We "shall probably, find later that this brilliant,
finely planned affair of outposts was a victory with moral
consequences larger than its material gains. Following
the Gocben’s flight from the little Gloucester, it is scarcely
likely to have enhanced the fighting spirit of the very
retiring German Navv.
v,. r
..
/At li ar Illustrated, 26 th September, 1814 .
Some Losses and Additions to Our
{"'ERMANY does not take kindly
to naval warfare in the open.
Instead of sweeping Britain off
the seas, as it boastfully threatened
before the war, its vessels have
slunk into fortified naval stations,
and sent out disguised ships to
strew neutral waters with deadly
floating mines. It is a cowardly,
hit-or-miss way to wage war.
Britain’s harbours are, of course,
guarded by electrically-controlled
mines, but we have not distributed
any floating ones.
Germany is annoyed by our
appropriation of the two Dread¬
noughts that British shipyards
were building for Turkey. They
were almost complete, and Turkish
crews were believed to be in
this country ready to take them
to the Dardanelles. We com¬
mandeered them for our Navy,
and Turkey retaliated by pur¬
chasing the Goeben and Breslau
from Germany.
Eord Charles Beresford, who
will command the Royal Marine
Brigade in the new Naval Division
Admiral Lord Charles Beresford Honorary
Colonel of the recently-formed Marine Brigade.
that is being formed, is certainly
one of our most popular sailors.
His speeches in the House of
Commons arc always listened to
with interest ; he knows the ;
middle classes; he is a friend of
the working man. At a Black-
heath recruiting meeting the other
day, a huge crowd greeted him
with cries of “ Well done, Condor ! ”
a reference to his celebrated feat
at Alexandria, when he rose to
speak. " You have not got a
better man in the whole country
than Sir John Jellicoe,” he de¬
clared. “ The Fleet will never
fail, you ! ”
The new Naval Division will ■
add to our forces 15,000 men,
completely equipped with hospital,
ammunition column, transport,
cyclists, and machine-guns. An
aeroplane squadron from the
naval wing will be available if
required.
This new force will train under
the Admiralty, but it will be ready
for service in the field if not required
at sea.
H.M.S. Pathfinder, sunk by a submarine twenty miles from our
East Coast. Over 200 officers and men were lost.
Government
Another victim of Germany’s unfair tactics. H.M.S. Speedy, an
old torpedo~gunboat, sunk by a mine in the North Sea.
Just previous to the declaration of war, British shipyards had almost completed two Dreadnoughts for Turkey. Our own
commandeered them. One is shown here. Their new names are H.MiS. Adincourt and H.M.8. Erin.
_
P age 123
The TFar Illustrated, 26th September, 1914.
The Amazing Story of Submarine E4
One incident rn the naval action off Heligoland on August 23th
reads more like a Jules Verne romance than cold fact The
Derender, having sunk an enemy lowered a whaler to pick up her
swimming survivors. An enemy’s cruiser came up and chased away
the Defender, who was forced to abandon her whaler. Imagine
the sailors feelings, alone in an open boat, twenty-five miles from
the. nearest land, and that land an enemy 's fortress with nothing
but log and loes around them : Suddenly a swirl alongside and up
popped submarine E4, which opened its conning-tower, took them
all aboard, dived, and carried them 250 miles home to Britain :
Recruiting for the Old Public Schools and University Men's Force was such a success that the full
strength of five thousand men was obtained within ten days. This picture! shows the force drilling
In Hyde Park, London.
[Ernest Brooks.
H.R.H. The Prince of Wales
in full marching-order dress.
Friends within our gate6 are preparing to take part in the war. A Foreign Legion has been formed in So no, and 9ome of tne
recruit9 are shown here. A battalion of 300 men, representing fourteen different nations, with our Allies preponderating, is
also encamped at Wembley, one of the sentries on guar.J — a Frenchman in khaki—being shown above.
The War Illustrated, 26 th September, 1914 .
Building Up the Grand Old Army
The King inspecting the foreign service battalion of the old-established Honourable Artillery
Company, of which his Majesty i9 Captain-General, before they leave headquarters in London.
Pago 127
Grenadier and Scots Guards off to the Front
The Scots Guards marching to Waterloo Station on their way
to the battlefields of France.
("\UR departing troops, as they march to their entraining
points, carry the domestic atmosphere right up to
the railway platform. The boy who carries his father's
hat is as proud of the privilege as is the father who is
carrying Iris three-year-old daughter on Ivis shoulder.
The happy father is Private Wilkinson, of the Scots Guards.
The first battalion of the Grenadier Guards marching from Wellington Barracks to Waterloo Station on its way to prove to the
Kaisei that they can still show the old fighting qualities that the regiment displayed under Marlborough in the Low Countries,
Wellington at Waterloo, and Roberts in South Africa.
A british outpost guarding a bridge while
the Battle of the Marne was raging.
A Highlander's grave on the battlefield.
On the cross is written “ He was a good pal.”
British soldiers inspect a death’s-head bu6by left on the battle¬
field by a German hussar, and picked up by a French cavalryman.
Centre circle ; A British officer’s grave at La Ferte.
British infantry advancing to capture German stragglers,
many of whom surrendered In the hope of getting a meat.
The cross is constructed from a cigarette packing-case.
1314 .
Pi:
ifiC
133
Our Photographer with the British in France
IN the little French town of La Ferte, through which
1 the River Marne flows, a sanguinary duel between
British and Germans took place on September ioth. The
Germans retreated, unable to endure the deadly accuracy
of our artillery. Houses in the town suffered badly.
Shells crashed through roofs, rifle bullets shattered the
window-panes. A stately chateau in which the enemy
installed their machine-guns was shelled by our artillery, 1
and left a heap of smouldering ruins. Desperate fighting
at close quarters took place in the town, and the grey cobble
stone swere stained red. J-ust outside La Ferte n rough
wooden cross denotes the last resting-place..of a Highlander, 1
Pago 129
The TTtfr Illustrated, 26th September, 1914.
Scenes From the Fighting Along the Marne
One of the bridges across the IVIarne at La Ferte blown up by
enaineer.s.
Interested spectators of a German transport waggon smashed by
__ British shells during the fight at La rerte.
Prisoners of war that are worth taking. British soldiers convoying
captured German artillery and transport horses through a village.
A band of German prisoners captured by the British at La Ferte.
Some of them have received medical treatment, and they do not
seem at all d ! sp!eased at having been saved from taking further
part in the war. /They ar0 now sure of good food, and plenty
of it.
i'he U'err Wtistratcil , 26th beptcuiucr, 11;
Brave Britons Captive Among Coward Germans
Reports say that they seem
who, speaking in English,
said that “ at the least
sign of insurrection
machine - guns will bo
brought up at fifty yards,
and not one of you will
remain alive.”
Possibly the reab ex¬
planation for the German
campaign against the
prisoners is their popu¬
larity amongst German;
women. One of the
newspaper articles was
c x p r e s s 1 y written to .
'• shoiv the German
women ‘ and girls wlrat
beasts in human form
these Englishmen are.” In
no age of the world has a
sane people sunk to such
depths of loathsome- lying
as the Germans to-day.
They are undoubtedly a
nation gone mad.
Britiehprieonere In the DoberiU camp. They have been ostentatiously paraded through German thoroughfare*
to show the German public what huge success ” has attended the Teutonic War Lord's operations, Many wear borrowed trousers
and shoes, their own attire having suffered during the fighting.
British soldiers, prisoners of war, breakfasting In their encampment at Ooberitz, near Potsdam.
depressed at having been captured, though they are not badly treated.
DRITISH soldiers cap-
u tured by the enemy
have, so far, received
humane treatment, but
lately the German news¬
papers have apparently
embarked 'on a shameful
campaign to incite the
mob against them. “It
would be absolutely justi¬
fiable,” says one article,
“ if these English were
made to feel the whole
weight of a really rough
and hard —aye, cruel —
imprisonment. We treat
them better than they
deserve.” A war corre¬
spondent accused the
British of “ incredible
and inhuman cruelties
against the brave German
troops and wounded.”
The prisoners were lec¬
tured by a German major,
'■m
A near view of British soldiers who have been captured by the Germans.
They are included in the huge number described as “ missing •"
the official casualty lists. Do you recognise any of them ?
m
The War Illustrated, 26tlr September, 1914.
Honour
Brigadier-General N. D.
FINDLAY (killed). R. A.
Major H. H. NORMAN
(wounded). Northamptonshire.
Capt. G. W. LIDDELL
(wounded). Rifle Brigade.
Capt. G. W. F. RENTON
(wounded). 1st Dragoons.
Col. S. C. F. JACKSON
(wounded). Hampshire Regt.
Capt. W. M. C. VANDELEUR
(killed). Essex Regiment.
Capt. E. R. A. HALL
(wounded). King’s Liverpool,
Capt. Lord FITZGERALD
(wounded). Irish Guards.
Sec.-Lt. Hon. A. HERBERT
(wounded). Irish Guards.
Capt. T. R. BADGER
(wounded). 12th Lancers.
Capt. R. E. DRAKE (died oi
wounds). Lincolnshire Regt.
Capt. F. A. BOWRING
(wounded). East Surrey Regt.
Lieut. J. T. CORYTON
(wounded). Rifle Brigade.
Lieut. E. W. S. FOLJAMBE
(wounded). Rifle Brigade.
Lieut. G. C. JULER
(killed). 5th Lancers.
Lieut. A. B. 'OLPHERT
(wounded). Royal Irish Fus.
Lieut. J. M. TYLEE (killed).
15th Hussars.
Lieut. E. M. S. KENT
(killed). Hampshire Regt.
Lieut. J. GIFFARD (wounded).
Royal Horse Artillery.
Lieut. Lord R. E. INNES-KER
(wounded). Irish Guards.
Lieut. W. G. R. ELLIOTT
(wounded.) Cheshire Regt.
Lieut.
B. G. NICHOLAS
(wounded). 12th Lancers.
Spm'ght, Bassanp, II. Jruffe
IajJ
The Wor ? Hast rated, 26th boptenibur, 191 a.
German Fiendishness on the Russian Frontier
German brutality is not confined to their western operations.
On the eastern frontier dastardly atrocities have also been com¬
mitted. Trumpeters of German culture denounced Britain for
allying itself with Russia, whose Cossacks/ they asserted, were
rank barbarians. Yet, while the Germans cut off the hands and
ears of v-'ounded Cossacks, the Russian soldiers themselves are
forbidden, under pain of death, to molest non-combatants, or to
pillage. The fury of the Cossacks against Germany has been
accentuated by the cold-blooded murder of peaceable peasants in
Russian villages near the German border. Our illustration
shows a detachment of Russian soldiers standing aghast on the
scene of a German outrage.
J .tiro 133
l h> li </>• flLvsft Zbih September, 1914.
The One Solitary Instance of German Chivalry
Shining out from the appalling welter of loathsome German
brutality is this one instance of chivalry, which Sir John French
reported in his despatch of September 11th. On the previous day
ft small party of French, under a non-commissioned officer, was cut
off and surrounded. After a desperate resistance it was decided
to go on fighting to the end. Finally a non-commissioned officer
and one man only were left, both being wounded. The Germans
came up and shouted to them to lay down their arms. The German
commander, however, signed to them to keep their arms, and
then asked for permission to shake hands w»th the wounded non¬
commissioned officer, who was carried off on a stretcher with
his rifle by his side.
Page 134
Tin TTar Illustrated ,• 26th September, 1914.
Britain Gaining Mastery of the Air
Lord Carbery early offered his services to the
Admiralty and was accepted.
Qordon Bell was shot in the foot and his machine was smashed at IVIons, yet he
managed to plane to earth and tramp to the British lines.
“ (~)NE of the features of the campaign,”
says Sir John French’s despatch
of September i ith, “ has been the success
attained, by the Royal Flying Corps.
In regard to the collection of informa¬
tion it is impossible cither to award too
much praise to our aviators for the way
they have canied out their duties or to
overestimate the value of the intelli¬
gence collected.”
General Joffre values our aviators,
too, and has written complimenting
them.
During a period of twenty days up to
September loth, a daily average of more
than nine reconnaissance flights of over
too miles each had been maintained.
The object of our aviators has been to
effect the accurate location of the
enemy's forces, but when hostile air¬
craft are seen they arc attacked
IVlr. Walter Wood was brought down
by Germans, but escaped.
instantly with one or more British
machines. So far five German pilots
or observers have been shot in the air
and their machines brought to the
ground. The British Flying Corps has
thus established an individual ascend¬
ancy .which is as serviceable to us as it
is damaging to the enemy, who have
become much less enterprising in their
flights.
Bomb-dropping has not been indulged
in to any great extent. ..On one occasion
a petrol bomb was successfully exploded
in a German bivouac at night, while,
from a diary found on a dead German
cavalry soldier, it has been discovered
that a high-explosive bomb thrown at
a cavalry column from one of our
aeroplanes struck an ammunition
waggon. The resulting explosion killed
fifteen of the enemy.
A group of officers in the British Flying Corps. Included in the group, from left to right, are : Lieut. Playfair, Lieut. IVIills,
Lieut. Soames, Capt. Board, Major Riley, Major Higgin's» Lieut. Jones, Lieut. Gould, Lieut. Small, and Lieut. Anderson.
J in War tUfalfiitcd, 26th September, 1014.'
H m
Page 135
German Aeroplane Goes to its Doom
A German aeroplane, attempting to reach Paris with bombs on
September 2nd, was seen by two French aviators, who gave
chase. After 60 me dramatic manceuvring, the Frenchmen
succeeded in climbing to a higher attitude than their enemy
Then they were able to get unobstructed aim at the occupants
of the German machine, and their sbot9 went home. With
wings partially severed from body, it dropped to earth a bent and
fwieted wreck, and its two occupants were killed.
Some of the Men who Formed General French’s ‘Spear-head’ Against the Germans
The ll'w Illustrated, 26th September, 1914.
After the lightning advance of the German armies through northern Franco they splendid photograph was taken during the great struggle. It is a scene In the village of
were arrested by the iron wall of the allied defence stretching from Paris to the strong Chauconier, near IVIeaux, on the River Marne, which Is Just being entered by Frenoh
fortress-of Verdun. Then they were repulsed with enormous loss, and just saved them- artillery pressing on the fleeing Germans, who fired the house still seen burning on the right
calves from a general debacle. The Allies pushed them baok relentlessly! and this before leaving in haste*U is one of the most vivid pictorioJ records received from the trout.
Page 133
The T Var Illustrated, 26th September, 1914.
The German ‘Sweep’ Into
France—and After
LJISTORY will remember the German advance from
1 * Belgium through Northern France as one of the most
flaring military movements in the annals oi war. It followed
the Gennan general policy of striking hard in the “ decisive
direction.” It carried them almost to the gates of Paris,
and its impetuosity might have broken the French armies
buffor the brilliant generalship of Sir John French. But
the German advance was too forced to be sound, and tho
aggressive resistance of the allied forces oil tho lino
between Paris and Verdun threw them back in defeat and
disorder. Paris saw tho danger of investment recede, and
the whole civilised world breathed more freely.
. t German troops, on September 1st, marching into Amiens, the famous French city of about 100,000 inhabitants, which lies midway
between Lille and Paris, and is the principal railway station between Calais and the capital.
German soldiers at Tongres. The railway bridge was destroyed by the retreating General von Kluck, the German commander, who
Belgians, but was re-erected by the Germans on wood piles. claimed to have the British “ in a circle of steel.”
This photograph was taken on the outskirts of the great Battle of the Marne, fought during the week ending September 12th. It
shows a group of German prisoners at the temporary hospital in charge of some French Red Cross attendants.
rage 139
The Way fUustratedi 26th Sepfccttibcr, I9i4
Turning of the Tide—The German Retreat
TUB British retirement from Mens to Compiegnc, from
August 25th to September ist, was carried out in
perfect order, despite insistent pressure from immensely
superior numbers of the enemy. Not so the German
retreat. Driven back across the River Marne, the Kaiser’s
soldiers were nearly demoralised. Considerable bodies of
infantry surrendered to the British force at sight,
complaining of starvation. Villages were rifled by the re¬
treating enem5?, and evidence of drunkenness amongst them
was apparent. The exact number of prisoners captured is
not, of course, known, butty September nth the British
forces held i 500, besides many Maxims and other guns.
The aftermath of the great German retreat. French soldiers decorate tMmsel.es with helmets captoreo .rom me enemy
guard a heap of German arms and equipment. One French cavalryman proudly blows a German bugle.
The French soldiers are at their best when fighting on the offensive. Like their British comrades, they fought the retiring actions
from the Belgian frontier none too joyfully. Our photograph shows them in their element—advancing to take up a new position.
No section of the Allies better enjoys keeping the Germans on the
run than the famous Zouave. They are oil expert shots.
Wounded Turcos being assisted to the rear by their comrades
during the fierce Battle of the Marne.
Part of Belgium’s Heavy Price of Liberty
The village of Meile, a few mile9 south-west from Ghent, was
one of the 8elgian villages to suffer from German atrocity.
Some peasants have recovered the remains of a body from this
ruined farmhouse and are trying to Identify them.
Dr. Van Wynkel, of Termonde, seen on the right, was one of the
hostages held by the Germans from Termonde. All the others
were murdered, but the doctor strangled his drunken guard
and escaped by swimmino a river.
Termonde was a town of 10,000 inhabitants, between IVlalines
and Ghent, a tittle Bouth from Antwerp. It is—what the picture
shows. Language fails to supply words to describe the destruc-
tion that has been wrought by the barbaric soldiery of that
blood-mad Kaiser who claims the support of God in his devil’s
work. The Belgians retired from Termonde to the fortress
of Antwerp when the full weight of German invasion attacked
them, but when the invaders depleted their forces to assist
their armies in Prussia and France, the soldiers of King
Albert were quick to seize their opportunity, and they regained
several places round Antwerp, including the desolate and
destroyed Termonde.
Pago 14!
Me Wat 1 ilushat'jlj idbUi September, 1914.
Africa Helps to Save Europe’s Civilisation
Three wounded Turcos, sent back from the firing-line, exchange experiences in a
hospital garden. Left picture: Turco, put out of the fighting by an injured
arm, walks through the streets oT Paris.
Wounded French soldiers, including some of the celebrated Algerians, are
waited upon by Red Cross nurses. Inset: A Turco enjoys the luxury of a
taxi-cab ride.
w§m.
®f§g|
battle is a passport to Paradise. Hee<Hes9 ol artillery* or macbine-J
gun fire, they have made some splendid bayonet charges against
the Germans. Their knapsacks weigh betweenSOand tOO lb.
commonly called Turcos, are
The French-Aigerian troops, . .. . . —-- , -- -
credited with Intense ferocity when charging the enemy. Most of
them are pure-blooded Arabs, Mohammedans to whom death in
- . * v'
i )
atl S ...
J 1
SB 1 an
1 j7\
• . * |
B I
| 1
The ll'crr Illustrated, 26tli September, 1914.
t.
Page 142
Victorious Servians Who Have Invaded Austria
VV 7 AR upon Serna was intended by Austria, no matter
” what might be the reply to the ultimatum delivered
to her on July 23rd. 1914. The declaration of war bv
Austria followed on July 28th, and the bombardment of
Belgrade began forthwith. Montenegro allied herself with
Servin' on August 1st.
After the hot days of ultimatums and declarations of war
up to August 4th, Austria had to turn and defend herself
against the advancing Russians, and the pressure on Servia
lessened. The little Balkan state became aggressive,
and on August 21st the battle on the Drina resulted in her
favour, and the Austrians were driven from Servian soil.
Meanwhile the Russian avalanche was smiting Austria, and
the Servians, under General 1’utnik, advanced into the
territory of the J dial Monarch}’. They invaded Bosnia on
September Sth, and prepared to strike "into Austria proper.
Hi
Servian artillery officers passing through Ni6ch, which was made the seat of government when
the Austrians attacked Belgrade. They are carrying flowers given them by their sweethearts
before they left for the firing-line.
Pag.' 1J3
Tit 14'ur lllvstraleil, 26th September, 1914.
Russian Cavalry Put Austrians to Flight
To say that the Russian cavalry has proved too good for Austria
Ss to put it mildly. The Austrian forces have been remorselessly
crushed by the Tsar’s splendid fighters. After battling near
Lemberg during the whole of the Ia6t week in August against the
Russians, the Austrians began to retreat. The Cossacks pressed
upon them and drove them from the field a disorderly rabble.
The ir«r Illustrated , 26th September, 1914.
Page 144
HOW THE
WAR WAGES:
THE STORY OF THE
GREAT CONFLICT
TOLD WEEK BY WEEK
The Eattle of the Marne
I T now appears Unit when General Kluck swerved to
attempt to envelop tire French centre to the south¬
er;! of Paris, his scouts failed to inform him of the presence
of the British army on his flank. It was this extraordinary
oversight on Saturday and Sunday, September 5th and
that mainly led to .the disaster that overtook all the
German forces.
Kluck had left a strong rearguard to keep off the
fifth and sixth French armies on his Hank, but when,
on Monday, September 7th, the British army also
joined in the attack, the position of the daring Kluck—
the best general the Germans have, and the only one not
of noble birth—became extremely perilous. 'The German
commander was compelled to give the order for a
retreat just when his troops thought they were to enter
Paris.
The German general.handled his disappointed .men in
a swift, skilful manner. One of. his rearguards with
machine-guns kept a British army corps at bay in the
south, bv sweeping the river with a heavy fire. But in
spite of the strong opposition, the British soldiers showed
themselves as stubborn in attack as they had been in
defence. The heavy artillery fire of our gunner? seems
10 have dealt the decisive stroke. Our big guns opened
the path for the advance of the French flanking force to
fhe north of Paris, and blew clean away the German defences
m the more southern part of the position.
THEN the British and the French infantrymen crossed
1 stream after stream in fierce, irresistible bayonet
charges that swept Kluck’s army rapidly backwards.
Many German regiments broke and hid in fragments in
the woods' below -the vineyard country of Champagne.
The rearguards were slain or captured with their guns and
Maxims, and far in the north a French army began an
enveloping movement.
Meanwhile the French centre, below Paris, had, with
the armies opposed to them.
General Joffre issued the finest
order ever given to soldiers. The sons of France were
told that they must, for the sake of their country,
either advance or perish in hundreds of thousands where
they stood. In no part of the immense battle-front must
there bo a retreat.
terrible energy, engaged
When the battle opened,
■“THE ancient, slumbering passion of the fight awoke in
every' Frenchman—“the French fury" never seen
on a battlefield for a hundred years. No German could
withstand it. As with the British, so with the French.
In spite of all the principles of modern strategy, in spite of
all the new, terrible, far-reaching, swift-working instru¬
ments of death, on the action of which those principles
were based, the bayonet triumphed' over gun, Maxim,
rifle, bomb and sabre.
German rearguards had to be thrown out as “bayonet
fodder ” to save the German armament, while a
million grey-blue troops, their backs to their toes, turned
away as fast as they could tramp or motor-lorries could
carry them. The army of the Crown Prince tried to break
a path of retreat to Metz by destroying Fort Troyon, one
of the French defences between Verdun and Toul. But:
the fort was relieved before the Krupp -howitzers could
complete their work. The Crown Prince’s army, therefore,
had to join the general line of the German retreat, and
help to choke the roads of communication, and exhaust
what stores of food and ammunition were available.
The Bat'le of the Aisne
BOUT Sunday, September 13th, the German armies
decided to make a stand. They prepared a line of
defence from Compiegne to Rheims. But their positions
could not be held against the sweeping movement of the
allied forces. So, changing the battle to another delaying
rearguard action, the main German forces set about en¬
trenching themselves a little to the rear, on a steep range
of hills running north of the Aisne river and Rheims city.
When the allied armies • approached to attack, and
began to set their guns in position to clear the way
for the infantry advance, Kluck acted, with his old
daring. Launching furious attacks on our unprepared
lines, he tried to transform at the very last moment his
retreat into a victory. Greatly adventurous, he singled,
out the British troops for this audacious attempt. But
as his own men had not improved in marksmanship or
bayonet work since Cambrai and the Battle of the Marne,
they again fell in thousands. And the French and British
armies not onlv repulsed the attacks, hut gained ground.
The Destruction of Austria
T
One of the formidable Krupp 11-inch siege howitzers for attar.kina forts. Note
the high anate at which it can be fired.
HR German reinforcement of 100,000 men arrived
too late in Galicia to assist the million of Austrian
troops in their battle against the Russians. On Saturday,
September 12th, both the Germans and the Austrians were
broken and routed in the greatest defeat known in history,
with tire amazing loss of a quarter of a million men killed
and wounded, and a hundred thousand captured, with an
immense armament. The Austrians and Germans made
their first stand at the little town of Ravarusska, on a fine
stretching to the river Dncistcr. They were assailed.on
three sides by the Russian armies, and fled.
Then the last Teutonic stand was made on a line
extending from Gorodek to the Dncistcr, from which
an attack was vainly made against the Russian left.
On September r2th, the Russian left took
the offensive, and swept clca.n away
the remaining Austro-German force,
which retreated to the fortress town , of
Przcmvsl. 1 fere it was locked up, and far
to the’ south the Serbs crossed the Save
and took Semlin, and marched into
Austria to join forces with tire. Russians,
fn a desperate attempt to save Austria-
Hungary from complete destruction, the
Kaiser massed 800,060 men in East
Prussia, and threatened Warsaw. A huge
Russian army gathered in Poland for the
clash that would decide the immediate
fate of Silesia and Berlin.
iii
The War Illustrated, 26th September, 1914.
War m
GERMAN
A Chance for
¥©U
to Make Money
S CORES of things which previously came
from Germany we can—and should—
manufacture ourselves. German competition
has ceased for the time being. Wc must take
steps to ensure that it never again assumes the
harmful importance that it did in the past.
“ War on German Trade ” shall be Britain’s
motto. We have to fight a fierce, unmerciful
battle against the ti ade of our enemies. J ust
as in fighting with sword and gun, training
is essential, so is it in industrial warfare.
Here is a fair and squure chance for
YOU to make money—if you are
unable to go to the front.
It is not difficult for you to obtain the
training that will enable you to occupy a
responsible position in the World of Work,
a position in which you can render great
service to your country in her “ War on
German Trade.”
Twenty-three years of experience and ex¬
periment in Correspondence Training have
ena led the International Correspondence
Schools to place comprehensive knowledge
at the disposal of their students in a form
which is easy to understand, easy to
remember, and easy to apply.
The I.C.S. Booklet which we will send
you contains valuable practical advice on
the chances and prospects for trained men
in your own lino of w rk, together with a
full syllabus of the I.C.S. Course best suited
to your requirements, and a full account
of what I.C.S. Correspondence Training
really is, means, and has accomplished.
International Corresp ndence Schools, Ltd,
I20n, Interna lonal Buildings, Kineswav London, VV.C.
(To avoid delay please vseour full address.)
Please send m • free copy of the I.C.S. Bookie*, explaining how 1 can
gain, in my spare tim •. a sound, practical, and ir>-to-date training in the
s .bject before which 1 have m.irked X and so quali y (or a Secure Position
and Good Pay.
(Ther" are over 200 Courses to choose from. Plea e state which
branch ot the sjbject you arc interested in.)
—Business — Cor tracting and Building
—Atvei; t;slng —Woodworking;
—Engine'ring; —Miring;
—Tex'Ue Mr.nu ac'.ur ng —AppI cd Art
—Craugh'smons.iip — Languages
—Architecture —Fat mug
Branch........
Present Occupation..
Position desired.
Name.
Address . .
OUR DIARY OF THE WAR.
(For our Diary of Events in the Great War prior to September 6lh
see “The War illustrated,” No. 5, September 19th, pages ii. and
iii. of cover.)
Sept. 6 .—British scout Pathfinder and Wilson liner Runo sunk in
North Sea.
British, I rench and Russian G overnment smutually engage
not to conclude peace separately.
Sept. 7 .—Fighting at Nantcuil lc Handouin, Meaux, Sezanne, Vitry le
Francois, and Verdun.
'I he Germans, who had advanced as far as the Coulomraiers
and La Fcrtd Gaucher district, obliged to fall back.
German war levies on Brussels, Lioge l J r< vincc, Liege City,
Louvain, Brabant Province, Lille, Armenticrcs, Amiens, Lens,
Roubaix, and Turcoing total £ 28 , 812 , 000 , and 100,000 cigars.
Sept. 8 .—Lighting along the line Montmirail—Le Pcpit Sompuis ;
enemy driven back ten miles. One German battalion, a machine-
gun company, and several ammunition waggons captured by Allies.
Chancellor of the Exchequer’s speech on “ silver bullets.”
Servians invade Bosnia.
Food ransom levied on Ghent.
Termonde reported sacked by Germans.
Sept. 9 .—White Star liner Oceanic wrecked oft west coast of Scotland ,
no lives 1 st.
Prime Minister announces a vote for a further 500,000 men for
the British Army, bringing up its strength to 1 , 186 , 400 , exclusive
of Territorials.
General French reports the enemy has been driven back all
along the line ; our troops having crossed the Marne, and cap¬
tured twelve Maxim guns, a battery, and 35 :' prisoners.
ihe King’s message to Overseas Dominions and to the Princes
and peoples of India issued. Home Secretary takes over responsi¬
bility for the Press Bureau.
Offers of service from Indian rulers read in the Commons.
Announcement that 7v>oo Indian troops are to be employed
in Europe ; six maharajahs with cadets of other noble families to
go on active service.
Capture of German mines on disguised trawlers in North Sea.
Sept. 10 .—General French’s first despatch, Aug. 23 —Sept. 7 , pub¬
lished i:i ” Ixuidon Gazette.”
Belgian Army again take offensive outside Antwerp.
British Naval airships to make short cruises over London.
Russians reported to be marching on Breslau.
Japan identifies herself with Russia, France, and Great Britain
in deciding not to make peace independently.
Sept. ii. —Allies reported to have advanced 37 ' miles in four days.
Servians reported to have captured Sen din.
Sept. 12 .—Allies capture 0,ooo prisoners and 160 guns. French
retake Lunevillc.
German wireless station at Hcrbcrtshohc (Pacific) taken by
Australian Navy,
Sept. 13 .—Germans announced to have evacuated Amiens.
German cruiser Hcla sunk by British submarine Eq.
Sett. 14 .—Germans make a stand along the river Aisnc.
Sept. 15. —German Crown Prince reported to have escaped envelop¬
ment by hasty retreat.
Russians have driven Austrian armies and one or two German
army corps into the fortresses of Jaroslav and Przcmysl.
( hina ell ws Japanese to land near Kiao-chau.
Sept. 16 .—General Del arc y shot by accident whilst motoring at
Johannesburg.
Si.pt. 17 .— Lord Kitchener announces that rather more than six
regular divisions (each 18,600 strong) and two cavalry divisions
(each 10,000 strong) of British troops arc in the fighting-line ;
and expresses the hope that the new army of 500,000 men will
be ready to take the field next spring.
Germans again bombard Termonde, and are repulsed by Belgians.
Great artillery duel along the Aisnc, the Germans being strongly
entrenched behind mines and barbed-wire entanglements.
Sept. 18 .—Parliament prorogued.
National relief fund : £ 2 , 701 , 000 .
IEV3 PROVE
^FIGURE!
YOUR
GvAl’s,
in Whi e & Grey.
5/- Post free.
Both mfn and women
can Imp ovo Uv r <ppear-
arc?, and ensure sou id
health by we.ir.n^ the
SHOULDER BRACE
The onlr practical REMEDY for STOOPING.
ROUND SHOULDERS. NARROW CHESTS.
LUNG TROUBLE, etc.
GIVES MEN that smart Mil tiryappearance
and Cheat development that mak.s a coat "sit"
well.
GZ tTES WOMEN ajrraeelnJ.uj rignt carraj e.
and parfect Bust, tmlisp-nsaho for wearing with
the p esent style of low-cut Corset, which leaves
the. shoulder blades unprotected,
lliirlily recommended by the Medical Faculty,
“The Scientific Press, Ltd," the Editor of
*'Cs cling," the Editress of *’ Weldon's,” " Fasliious
for All,” etc
Made in light but strong Coutil, with Elastic Armholes. nc&Uv boned for shoulder support,
it st ENGLISH make and finish Easily adjusted, most com for-table aud imperceptible wh«n
dressed. Money refunded in full under gnaranUv AFTER - EVEN DAYS' WEAR if not
entirely satisfactory. State w»ist aiae. ALL GOODS SENT IN PLAIN WRAPPER.
THE SUPPORTING BR4CE S BEET C,\. 31. Eton Road. Iltnrd London.
The War Illustrated.
26th September, 191.)
Illustrate
EMWia&&t8/£
“ Something- to -Smoke ”
FUND
for Soldiers at the Front
Personal Gifts of Cigarettes and Tobacco and
the Soldier knows the parcel comes from you.
The response to the appeal for sixpences
to make our soldiers at the front happy has
been wonderful, and next week we shall print
.the list of contributors and collectors.
The ’ War Illustrated “ Somcthing-to-
Smoke ” fund covers a new held. It is a
“ happy fund." It is solely for the benefit
of our lighting men at the front.
Its mission is to provide soldiers with
.almost the only luxury of happiness they
can get—viz., “something to smoke.”
Our soldiers at the front don't like
French Caporal cigarettes. They want
British-made cigarettes and a pipe of
British tobacco, and these arc difficult to
get in France.
Every 6d. makes One Soldier happy
and for every 5/-subscribed, "The War Illustrated" contributes a Shilling Pipe.
Then, again, it is too expensivo for any¬
one to send single parcels to individual
soldiers
If one bought cigarettes and tobacco in
the ordinary .way, tho price paid would in¬
clude the high duly charged on tobacco in
Britain, as well as the cost of postage.
The - War * Illustrated, however, has got
over all these difliculties, and arranged to
do collectively what cannot bo done singly.
' In- the • first place, we have arranged -t.o
avoid payment of the British duty on cigar¬
ettes and tobacco, by having the. parcels
despatched from an in-bond duty-free ware¬
house. , ... • ' *.
And in the second place, these parcels are
all collected together, and shipped in’large
cases under the'care of the War Office.
.So in this way tho whole'of the" money
collected t>y The War Illustrated Fund is
devoted to. the ful.lest possible .value, .in
cigarettes and tobaecor. Nothing is' spent
in duty or charges. ...
And the-fact that the well-known firm of
Martins, Ltd., of 210, Piccadilly, London.
\Y.,. has. undertaken these supplies is
sufficient guarantee of the high quality of
both tho cigarettes and tobacco.
“■How many™
6d. parcels will you send ?
Flense fill in and send this with your
contribution.
To the Treasurer,
“ Something-to-Smoke ” Fund,
The War Illustrated,
Fleetway House,
London, E.C.
Dear Sir ,—/ want to make . soldiers
happy, so 1 enclose £:: to cover
the cost oj a bd. parcel to each soldier.
Fame ..v
Address .
Every 6d. provides one soldier
with a parcel of cigarettes and
tobacco, as shown on this page.
These parcels in the ordinary way
wouldcost from Is. to Is.6d. each.
Then, again, every parcel is a personal
gift to an individual soldier from "some
individual. The rifimir add a'ddr-oss-of „th<* -
sender is on every packet as show below, so
that the soldier knowsjwbfeiii he has to. thank.
..._ [ _ > 4 '
Co° 1
M
Naturally, tliis personal gift is a direct
remembrance from home, and the soldier
appreciates bis “something to smoke” all
ilie more. It increases his happiness'many
fold.
K very body can help to make the soldiers
happy.
There nro two ways to help, and every
sixpence helps.
One way is to send sixpences direct to
tins fund, and for each sixpence you send
one soldier gets one parcel, with your name
and address written on it. ’ . *
'1 ho other way is to collect 'sixpences from
your friends and neighbours fgr a ,£5 ship¬
ment of 200 parcels, to bo sent to soldiers
who have gone to the front from your
district. « »l
This would make possible a special ship¬
ment to afiy .particular regiment or com¬
pany you name. , .
And for theso .special shipments tho
wrappers on each parcel are printed like
this: -
GOOD LUCK FROM FRIENDS AT
' ' •••'... (Town)
1 T (Name ami address of Collector.)
And further,.if desired, a full list of tho
names, of the friends who have subscribed is
enclosed, in .the- shipment.
lliis method, of collection is specially
suited to ladies who can spare the time Yo
make soldiers'at the front happy.'
’Will..; you please writo for a collecting-
sheet, for our “ Sqmething-to-Smoke ” Fu Yj
for {Soldiers at the Front.
Each parcel contains
1 cake bright
Tobacco
1 cake dark
Tobacco
10 Cigarettes.
%
y.
W
This is
what
the Soldier
gets—6d. of
happiness.
r cV
&
&
tt
If you want
a Collecting Sheet
/’/case fill in your name and address
Name ...
Address .
\>i
, London, E,C.
. The Imperial News Co., Toronto ao4
1 amngdon Street, London. E.C
r
!
Registered at the Q.P.O. as a newspaper.
The War Illustrated, 3rd October, 1914.
THE GREAT RUSSIAN RAID INTO GERMANY
VOL. I., No. 7
Why the German Infantry are Wounded in the Back^
Week ending
3 Oct., 1914.
\ i
- v ->*.
-—g
11
The TTor lllmtratci 7, 5iu October, 1914.
OUR DIARY
(Forcur Diary of Events in the Great War prior to September 10th see
OF THE WAR
The War Illustrated/’ No. 5, Sept. 19th, pages ii. and iii. of cover.)
Sept. 10-14.—German cruiser Cmden captures
six British ships in Bay of Bengal.
Sept. ii.—A llies reported to have advanced
37! jniles in four days. Servians
reported to have captured Semlin.
Sett. 12^ —Allies capture 6,000* prisoners and
160 guns. French retake Luncville.
Enemy found to be occupying very
formidable position on north of the Aistte-
and holding both sides of the river at
Soissons.
Hamburg-Amerika liner Sprecwald cap¬
tured by H.M.S. Berwick.
German wireless station at Herbert=>-
hohe (Pacific) taken by Australian Navy.
Sept. 13.—German cruiser Hela sunk by
British submarine E9.
Sept. 14.—British auxiliary cruiser Carmania
sinks the Cap Trafalgar off East Coast
of South America.
H.M. gunboat Dwarf attacked bv
German steamer on Cameroon river ;
steamer captured.
Resignation of General Beyers, Com¬
mandant General of South African
Defence Force.
Sett. 15.—China allows Japanese to land
near Kiao-chau.
Sept. 16.—General Delarcy shot by accident
whilst motoring at Johannesburg.
Bombs from Japanese aeroplanes
dropped oil German ships in Kiao-chau
Bav.
OUR
rammed
Nichting
force
scatter
Our appeal to our readers to assist our
efforts to provide our gallant soldiers at the
front with good British cigarettes and tobacco
has had a most gratifying response. In one
week over 2,000 presents of 6d. packets yi
" smoking pleasure ” were ready for "despatch
to the fighting line but that is only a very-
small part of the response. Some hundreds
of our readers have written for collecting
books.
They not only wish to subscribe to the
fund themselves, but they also wish to
get their friends to help. Our thanks are
hereby tendered to those who have helped
cither by subscribing, or by arranging to
collect subscriptions. But our thanks are
nothing. What is something is that c\er\
subscriber will know that he or site has the
thanks of the soldier who received the jackets
purchased.
The list of donations is printed below. If
■yon have subscribed but do not find y .ur
name here-, vou will find it next week. Our
caver is printed in two colours, and goes to
press 150(0110 the rest of the paper.
We have done our part, and have sent coo
shilling pipes with the cigarettes and tobacc;
■ despatched to our heroes in Trance,
hope that [before we have finished we
have sent twenty -times this quantity .
On page three of this cover you will find
full detail, of our“‘Somcthingtto-SinC-’he” Fund.
Just one thing more. Lady subscribers
frequenih* omit to say if they are Mrs. or
Miss. Hence please regard it as no dis¬
courtesy if, in the list of names belbw, your
name appears without the prefix usually
regarded as "a marlt <A ordinary courtesy.
3 Donations of £5 GOO presents for soldiers.
Hct Mr. II. M. Blackburn (Mr. Winston Rchl);
Mrs. and Miss Buckley; Colonel 5 . Purr Lines.
6 Donations of £1 2«0 presents for soldiers.
Mr James E. Walker; Mr. ii. W. Billing : Mr.
Jolm Thomson ; »lr. D. L. Thomson ; "A boMier 3
Daughter ” ; Mr., Mrs., and the Misses Howell.
1 Donation of 13s. 26 presents for soldiers-
Per Mr A. TIensley (Wiinond Beasley, 1 Us.,
age 7;" Mabel Burgess, (id., age 7; Miss Amelia
jit-tts. Is. ; Mrs. Anna Nook, Is.; Mis? Reece, (id.)
1 Donation of 12s. =24 presents for soldiers.
Miss Walsh.
7 Donations of 10s. =140 presents for soldiers-
Mr. Peter FMdvr; (Miss K. T. Uinxman. 8s.,
and " Two Friends," 2s.); Mr. A. Smith ; Mrs-
Weleh ; Mr. T. H. Hellawell; Mr. II. Kidiolls >
Mr. H. D. Shaw.
1 Donation of 8s.=16 presents for soldiers.
Per Mrs. L. Stretch (Hilda Stretch, age 5 ).
H.M. Gunboat Dwarf
German merchant ship,
which was wrecked.
Commander Samson., with
attached to Naval Flying Corps,
a Uhlan patrol near Doullens.
Sept. 17.—Lord Kitchener announces that
rather more than six regular divisions
(each iS,6oo strong) and two cavalry
divisions (each ro.ooo strong) of British
troops are in the fighting-line; and
expresses the hope that the new army of
500,000 men will be ready to take the
field next spring.
Germans again bombard Termonde,
and are repulsed bv Belgians.
Grand Duke Nicholas, hi a Proclama¬
tion to the peoples of Austria-Hungary,
declares Russia seeks nothing except
establishment of truth and justice.
In Tavorovo district Russians capture
transport columns of two army corps,
30 guns. 3,000 prisoners, and enormous
quantities of war material.
It is reported that German ships in
the Baltic have tired on each other,
this in explanation of the reported
arrival at Kiel of destroyers and torpedo-
boats in a damaged condition.
German force attacks Nakob (South
Africa).
Sept. 18.—Parliament prorogued. National
Anthem sung in the House, of Commons.
Russians .occupy Sanduiuir.
“ SOMETHING-TO-SMOKE”
Hundreds of collectors at work all over
1 Donation of 7s. 6d. =15 presents for soldiers.
'■ Three Brirthrr-s."
1 Donation of 6s. 6d.=13 presents for soldiers.
Mr. Wm. JflarScnran.
3 Donation of 6s. 33 presents for soldiers.
Eliza and Ada Kyjraian : per Florence Hobbs
(Miss V. I Karri-.. Mi— N. Hunt. Miss F. Hobbs.
Mi- H. Neweomb.*. Ml- It. Woodman, and " A
Friend at Tiverton.Devon ”). Miss 11 . 11 . Dickson.
1 Donation of 5s. 6d. = 11 presents for soldiers.
Air. T. W. Holrayd.
30 Donations of 5s. = 300 presents for soldiers.
Olive Brown : Mr. J. Moore; “ Browns”
Ma""ic crooks ; (Mfes E. Ones. Miss K. Green,
Miss M l'horpe. Mis, jj. Potter. Miss 15. Gerrard,
Jibs K. Vaughan. Air. It. Hock™. Mrs. It. Hocken,
Air. A. Crooke, ami Mrs. A. Gcoiike); Mr. J. T.
Hi.lrovrl; Lina McQrimllf; Mr. E. A. .Tarrott ;
Bev. C. ii. Newcomb: Mrs. Calvert; Mary it.
Campbell-. Miss C. Bellow: Mr. 11. Hutchison;
per Wm. Jewsburv (Mr. Herbert Hallott, Mr. Wm.
iewsbury; Mr. Herbert Bailey: Mr. George
Jewsburv ; Mr. T. Burtoff: Air. George Morley,
Mrs. Will. Jewsburv, Mr. Jack Je-.v-bury. Mr. K.
Jewsburv. Mr. Harr’v T. Sleight); Miss May Bead ;
Mi-s J Mact'artbv; Mrs. Sanderson, Mr. Thomas
Clark; Mr. J. 6. Irvine; Dr. Jaconsen; Mr.
Norman A. Troup: “An Old Smoker “ : Jack
Bourne a"e 12 ; Miss Kent, and Miss Lacey ; Mr.
Allred Walker ; Mrs. Itobert It. Bathlock; per
Ernest E. Cunnali (Ernest E. •Oiumah. Mrs Ernest
E. Cunnali, Airs. Benin, and Mr-. Napier); per
Mrs. Newstead (Mr. D. McRae. Levcnshulme, 2s.;
Mr. T. Itnhinson, Is. ; Mr. M. Robinson, Is. ; and
Mr. A. Robinson, Is.). Iv. Worstjil.
1 Donation of 4s. =8 presents for soldiers.
Mr. Jolm T. Ilobinson.
2 Donations of 3s. 6d. = 14 presents for soldiers.
“ The Beetles ” ; Mr. N. Hayes Sadler.
12 Donations of 3s. =72 presents for soldiers.
Miss C. Trigg; Mrs. ltirchall; The Misses E. C.
and M. Winter: Miss Dawson ; Miss V. Price ;
Mr. W. P. L. Hope ; Mr. and Mrs. G. Long ; Miss
E. Williams; Dorothy Copper; Mrs. Furpliy;
(Lucy Lawrence, 3 s.; .Sarah Burrows. 2 s.).
33 Donations of 2s. Gd. 165 presents for
soidiers.
Miss Bettv Hawes ; Airs. .T. Dan son ; Miss 15.
Harrison : Mrs. Lush ; Mr. Wm. Robinson; Miss
Saber ; (Miss H. Wadsworth, Miss J. Donnelley,
Mr. H. Lord); Mr. Robert Hindis; Queenie
Coclrrane ; Veronica and Sylvia Giya; Miss J. 1’.
Maxwell; Mr. €. B. Phillips; Mrs. A. Rawlinson ;
Miss (J. Bain ; (Amy. Hugo. Maggie. Pansy and
Gwen Foss); Mr. W, Harvey; “ E.C.”; Mr.
A. M. Stevens; Mr. J. E. Chest.pry; James
Hargreaves, age 5 : Mr. Stanley Hawkins ; Mr. S.
Ogden; Miss Mabel Franks ; Miss A. M. Jarrett;
Miss F. Milton; Mr., Mrs. and Miss Platt; Miss
LilyTnxr; Mr. E. S. Turner ; Mrs, lizzie Turner;
Mr. G. H. Acton ; Miss Dorothy Bell; Miss Jessie
Bell; per Mr. J. Morrison (Miss Bell, Mrs. W.
Graham, Mr. T. H. Bell. Air. J. Morrison, Mr. It.
Bell).
Sept. 19.—Rheims Cathedral shelled by
German artillery.
German vessels- reported sunk in
Victoria Nyahza. .
Sept. 20.—Loss of Submarine AEi reported
front Melbourne.
H.M.S. Pegasus attacked and disabled
by the German cruiser Koenigsberg whilst
refitting in Zanzibar Harbour.
Sept. 21.—Serbs and Montenegrins reported
to be attacking Serajevo.
Recall of Rear-Admiral Troubridge
announced.
Russians carry Jaroslav by assault.
Sepp. 22.—British cruisers, Aboukir, Hogue,
and Cressy torpedoed by submarines
in North Sea. Feared loss of 1,000 lives.
German cruiser Emden shells oil tanks
at Madras.
General Botha takes the field as
Commander-in-Chief.
SnrT. 23.—British Naval airmen fly over
Cologne and Dusseldorf. Bombs dropped
on Zeppelin shed at Dusseldorf.
British force landed near Laoshan Bay.
Sept. 24.—In the great battle of the Aisne
which has been proceeding since Sept. 12,
Germans are reported to be giving way.
Allies occupy Peronne.
Attempt to wreck Dover express
at Hither Green.
National Relief Fund, /c,Sio,ooo.
We
shall
FUND
the country
42 Dn.mtions of 2?. 163 presents for soldiers.
Ml. A. Evans; Daisy Mackinder : Mrs. 1‘avi-r ;
Mr. W. A. It o mow ; Vickie K iy; Mr. J. Bowman ;
Mr. Win. Hirtb- ; !.»■ 11 Kiun'ir MrNanglitnn ;
Miss E. Hunodi: (Mr. G. B. Pnrkes ami Mr. L.
Downing); Mr. Leonard Smith ; (Grace ami Frank
Bowden); Miss D. M. Clark 1 '*, Messrs. M. and
VI. s, Keast; Mr. William Martin : Mrs. A. Surgey ;
Mrs.Tavlar . Mr. Norman Brown : Mr. J. Campbell;
Mr. A. Cartwright ; Mr. ami Mrs. T. W. Driukall;
Mrs. W. a. Goulbom : Air. J. T. McLean : Mrs.
j. M. Poole-: -Miss S. Stuart: Mr. 11. H. Capern ;
Air. Kenneth Foster; Ethel H. Poplett : Noble
Family; Mr. W. Simms: Mr. J. Shakespeare;
Mr. w. T. Thompson : Emily M. Wimble ; Misses
A. and B. H umberstoue; Nancy W. Brown;
35 M. : Mr. W. Waterman; Hilda White; Betty
Way well; Mr. W. L. Meadows ; S. E. Richmond ;
P. Royal.
12 Donations of Is. 6d. =36 presents for
soldiers.
Mr. A. G. Stewart; Mr-*. Wakeibnl ; "A "Well
Wisher”: Mr. Thomas Padiev; Rev. Jolm
llitohie ; Mr. W. H. White ; Eileen Tolly : Ma*s
Wooden ; Mr. B^rt Hofi'on; (H. Shepiey, A.
Sheplev, and C. Shepiey); (Master Tommy
Bottoms, age 11 ; Master Willie Bottoms. age 10 ;
and Master Leslie Bottoms, age 6); Miss A.
Clements.
49 Donations of Is. 98 presents for soldiers.
Mr. J. Busby ; Mr. John William Hig‘Angotimn ;
Mary .Johnson; Sybil Sandeman ; Mr. Ii. 31.
Stewart ; Mr. E. F. Flint and Mr. T. Wright; Mr.
T. Beges; Reginald ]). Gwyther; T. Harper;
Mr. Isaac Howie ; Mr. G. Beattie; Nurse Ethel
Burgess; (Eric Stewart Baker; Leslie Victor
Hazelwood): Miss Louisa Brown ; Mrs. W. Coliey
ami G. H. Colley : Mabel J. Clark ; 'Miss aMilner ;
L. Miller ; Miss K. Ginn ; Mr. W. F. Piper ; Mrs.
(\ sugden : Miss Lily Scott; H. Thornton; Mrs.
Lrne-t Wright; Miss C. Beattie ; Miss 1). Harrap ;
Eileen M. Chard ; Annie Chandler ; Miss B. Dixon ;
Mrs. Dixon; Mrs. Fincher; Miss F. M. Ford;
Maggie Kenward ; Mrs. M. Lyne ; Mr. H. Phil¬
lips; Miss Jessie Waite ; Norman Strafford ; per
L. E. Bryant (“Ardent Admirer, Male”; and
“Ardent Admirer’s” brother); K. I. Nora Darke ;
Miss Lucy Devenc ; Geoffrey Turner; age 12;
J. W. Colley; Mancy E. Franklin ; Mr. II. B.
Sanford ; Mr. Fred Cunliffe ; Mr. Tom Evans ;
Mr. J. 35. M. Mason: Mr. F. Neale : Mr. It. B. S.
and J- €.;; Miss A. Whitley; Alice Sing.
35 Donations of 6d.=35 presents for soldiers.
Air. James Alsopp; Miss Lily Butler; Miss
Annie Carpenter ; Mr. Albert. Flay: ALiss Betty
Parkinson, aged 1 \; Miss Lily Itoberts; Amy
Perrin ; “ Jack ” Preclv ; Gwladys Beynon; MJS3
L. O. Clifford : Dorothy Mary Griggs ; E. War-
liurst; Miss Wildon; Miss A. Bishop; Mrs. A.
Dolman; Mr. Edward Pickup ; Lily Burgis;
Clare Eames; Eliza Sanderson ; Airs. Sledmerc ,
Miss E. Tansley; Ihizabeth Watson 4 Jliss D.
Dymott ; Miss G: Eleock; Miss I. Hayne; Mas3
N. Ilolley ; Miss C. Johnson ; AIiss L. AloofB ,
Miss D. Payne ; Miss F. B. V hite ; Mark Buttca-
worth ; Mr. Harry Lloyd ; Air. V. L. Thompson ;
Mr. A. W. Cullington ; Mr. H. Laws.
■ /
FRENCH BOYS WHO WENT WHERE “DADDY” AND DANGER WERE
According to a well-known war correspondent, a number of French village Iad3 had succeeded in getting to the firing line
some of them having gone simply because their fathers were there, “determined to serve in the camp, and be with daddy
to the end.” Oncegwith the soldiers it was difficult to send them back, and the coolness they displayed standing by whllj
the aunners were at work, or helping in some simple way, was the marvel of many a seasoned campaigner- Clearly
“ranee’s breed of warrior sons is in no danger of extinction.
Page 146
The lT’ar Illustrated, 3rd October, 1914.
THE GREAT EPISODES OF THE WAR
IV—The Great Russian Raid into East Prussia
A BOUT the second week in August, General Rennen¬
kampf, a brilliant Russian cavalry leader, was given
the command of a large mounted force, and ordered
to drive as fast and as far as he could into Prussia.
It was not an invasion ; it was a raid, but a raid on a
scale hitherto unknown in modem warfare. The Russian
general took with him the larger part of the Cossack
lancers and the finest regiments of Russian cavalry.
All the chivalry of the Tsar rode out to an unequal
encounter with 160,000 German troops, who possessed
every advantage in equipment and balance — heavy guns,
a superabundance of light artillery' and Maxims, and that
superiority in musketry that belongs to the infantryman.
The thing seemed a vast and terrible mistake—a Charge
of the Light Brigade magnified some thousands of times.
It looked as though Russia were opening her campaign
against her strongest foe by something that was magnificent
but was not war.
East Prussia, a region of gloomy forests and stagnant
waters, is an extremely difficult country to invade. Nature
has protected it from an easterly attack by a frontier of
low-lying marshes and bogs, with a string of great lakes
running to the south. Safe paths are wide apart, and
each was fortified at the critical point. There in the
marshes were entanglements, rifle-pits, and block-houses
with machine-guns, so built that one might have held
back an army along the road that bridged the swamps and
lakes.
A Frontier of Bog
and Morass
The German Military Staff had -good grounds lor supposing
that this frontier could only be gradually won by siege
operations from the Russian side. This was why they
felt themselves free to swing all their best armies westwards
in a swift, smashing movement on France.
In the meantime, they kept Russia occupied in two
directions. A million Austrian
troops advanced and menaced
Warsaw from the south, while
a German army moved in a
northerly direction towards the
same city'. It was a concerted
movement by' the two Teutonic
Powers to conquer Russian
Poland, and then raise and arm
the ‘Poles.
Such was the awkward posi¬
tion of the Russians. They had
enough to do, it seemed, to hold
Poland; the Cossacks were
urgently' needed to form cavalry
screens in front of their armies
of defence. Yet this was the
monrent the Grand Duke
Nicholas chose for the wildest
raid in the annals of war !
' General Rennenkampf had at
leatt the advantage of surprise.
The movement he was under¬
taking was so extraordinary that
the German Staff was not pre¬
pared for it. They thought the
three army corps they left by
the marshes could delay a
hostile force of any size. But
by an unexpected mobility of
movement, the mounted Cos¬
sacks brought on an action at
the frontier town of Gumbinnen
on Saturday, August 22nd, and
won at a blow the whole of the
swamp lines of defence.
The battle was fierce, stub¬
born, terrible. Except for the
light horse artillery that accompanies a cavalry division,
the, raiders were lacking in gun power, they' could not
reply to the enemy’s batteries. They had either to ride
down the guns, across open country, with case-shot playing
on them all the way, or dismount and creep in open forma¬
tion to the point at which a rush might carry the position.
The Fighting Value of
the Dreaded Cossack
The trenches were filled with more than a hundred
thousand German riflemen, and the fire of innumerable
Maxims had to be met. Only the incomparable versatility
of tire Cossack, who shoots as well as he rides, hitting a
distant mark with his horse at full gallop, enabled General
Rennenkampf to break the German centre. On the
Russian Guard, officered by the pick of the nobility, fell
the heaviest fighting.
' The enemy held a village of scattered farmhouses, set in
low, level land. Each farmhouse was full of riflemen ;
behind was ranged the German lines, from which several
batteries poured shrapnel into the advancing Russians.
Clearing villages is infantry work, but there were no
Russian foot soldiers available. Some Russian Guards
were near the spot. They dismounted, and fixed bayonets
—every Russian cavalryman carries a bayonet outside his
sabre-sheath—and skirmished round the outlying houses.
Slowly they worked their way to tire village, clearing the
farms of sharpshooters as they went.
Meanwhile, a couple of German guns were firing on them
at short range, and an overwhelming number of entrenched
infantrymen were raining bullets on them. When the
Guards’ cleared tire village and advanced on the German
lines, there was barely a third of them left standing. Yet
they pressed on within a hundred yards of the German
position. Their leader, who already had a bullet through
his thigh, now fell with a shattered shoulder. But the
Guards went on, their bayonets ready to strike.
They could see the eyes of
their foes, and along the Ger¬
man front there were signs of
wavering. So a mounted squad¬
ron of the Russian Guards was
sentfull-tilt on the Prussians, and
crashing on the flickering line
of the enemy, captured the
guns, and then harried the;
soldiers.
A wedge was driven clean
through the- German army.
Three army corps fled north¬
westerly towards Koenigsberg ;
the fourth corps ran south-west
towards Osterode. All four
flung away their arms and am¬
munition, and even their food,
in their haste to save them¬
selves. The intricate system of
defences in the swamp country
was unused. Even a fortified
position on the River Angerapp
was abandoned without a fight,
and the paths by which the
beaten men ran were easily
followed by their pursuers. For
it was like a paper-chase, with
cartridges, knapsacks, hand-
grenades marking the way the
hares had taken.
This panic evacuation of a
great tract of fortressed country
was somewhat of a surprise
even to the Cossacks. There
seemed nothing in their victory
that should have led to so far-
reaching and astounding
The Tsar with the Grand Duke Nicholas, whose brilliant
generalship has crushed the Austrian field forces and
dealt a succession of staggering blows on the allied
enemies.
Pago 147
The War Illustrated. 3 rd October, 1914 .
It is a noteworthy fact that many of the Tsar’s best soldiers
and most valuable officers bear Scottish names. They are
descendants of the mercenary soldiers of Scottish birth who used
to put their swords at the service of any European nation that
offered employment and the joy of battle. In this group of
Russian officers, the figure on the extreme right is Colonel
Gillivray, next to him is Colonel Robertson, while the rider on
the horse furthest to the left is Major-General Ross.
disaster to Prussia. But General Rennenkampf under¬
stood what had happened.
His raid was only one part of an enveloping movement.
While his gallant men held the German army at the frontier,
and then broke it, another Russian force from Poland,
under General Samsonoff, was striking up to the west of
the marsh country, taking the beaten German troops in the
rear. That was why most of them turned again, and fled
towards the coast of the Baltic Sea and the fortress town
of Koenigsberg. Caught between two powerful Russian
forces, their entrenchments and blockhouses round the
Masuran Lakes had become traps, and not defences. An
almost impregnable system of frontier defence, developed
by a century of labour and expense, was thus overthrown
in a day by cavalry raiders supported by a distant second
army.
Victorious Russian Advance
on Koenigsberg.
By Wednesday, August 26th, all the difficulties that
Nature, assisted by military engineers, had placed in the
way of the Cossack advance in East Prussia, were behind
the battle front of the Russian armies. General Samsonoff,
in the south, moved towards the railway centre at Ostcrodc ;
in the north, General Rennenkampf rode in pursuit of the
main body of 120,000 German troops.
So swift were the Cossacks that they almost arrived at
Koenigsberg with their fleeing foes. Advance guards of the
garrison had to take the field and fight a rearguard action
to save their comrades.
When, however, Koenigsberg was sighted the great raid
practically came to an end. For this city is reckoned the
strongest fortress in the German Empire. It is the corona¬
tion capital of the Prussian race, their sacred city from
which they rose to a dominion over the Teutonic peoples
that enables them to shadow Europe with their menace
and rock Christendom to its foundations.
Being without heavy guns, siege engineers, and infantry
force, Rennenkampf could not endanger Koenigsberg.
Yet he would not leave it. He drew his army across its
eastern lines of communication, and made what prepara¬
tions he could for a masking operation. In the meantime
Swarms of his Cossacks went about the serious business of
this extraordinary campaign. From the fields of Eastern
Prussia the people of Berlin obtained the larger part of
their food supplies. The region was one of the four great
granaries of Germany, and the crops were ripening for the
harvest on which Berlin expected to live for another twelve
months, in spite of the blockade of the British fleet.
The Far-reaching Effect
of the Great Raid.
But the Cossacks destroyed the crops, captured Tilsit
with its immense stores and emptied it. Then the admir¬
ably-calculated effect of Rennenkampf’s raid began to
tell. It told on France, and helped to save Paris. It
told on Vienna, and helped to ruin Austria-Hungaf^;
but especially it told on Berlin. There hungry Prussian
peasants began to arrive, trainload after trainload, in the
city that was looking to them for food. In thousands they
came, and then in tens of thousands. The populace of
Berlin became alarmed. The spectre of famine appeared
in the capital which had for weeks been celebrating the
daily victories of the invincible hosts of the Kaiser.
What the German Military Staff thought of the matter
we do not yet know. If they were true to the Moltke
traditions they might have shrugged their shoulders and
pursued, without a moment’s hesitation, the task on which
their entire energies were bent. For their armies of a
million and a quarter men were sweeping through France
in flic swiftest, mightiest movement of attack known in
modern warfare.
But as the Russian commander-in-chief had foreseen,
with incomparable insight, the Kaiser -could not take
this impassible view of the effect of Rennenkampf s raid.
Being a man of excitable, impressionable temperament,
with a theatrical view of his dignity, the menace to the
coronation city of his family, and to the food supplies
of his capital, upset his balance.
German Forces in Other
Fields Depleted.
To content him, some two hundred thousand of Iris
best troops in France had to be rapidly conveyed acioss
Germany and flung against the audacious raiders. -More
militiamen were ordered, out, tlic foiti esses on tlic ^ istula
were deprived of manv of their guns, and the garrisons
sent to the battle front in the sacred soil of Eastern Prussias
Rennenkampf retired, fighting stubbornly and resisting,
every attempt to . envelop him. The Germans forced 1 i n
at last over the frontier and invaded Russia. Rennen¬
kampf continued to retire. The work, for the present,
was done. He had saved France and overthrown Austria.
For the German reinforcements, needed at Lemberg and
then on the Dneiper, had been sent against the raider ;
those afterwards sent to help Austria came too late.
The Cossack raid on -Prussia is the most astonishing
bluff known to man.
Page 148
The War Illustrated, 3rd October, 1914.
Daring Raid on Dusseldorf by British Airmen
Flir.ht-Lieutenant C. H.Ccl.'et, whose intrepid daring enabled him to guide his aeroplane
right through Belgium to the German city of Dusseldorf where he dropped three bombs
on the Zeppelin sheds, afterwards returning to his base in safety.
Captain Robin Gray of the Royal Flying
Corps who received the Legion of Honour
for distinguished service.
DEFORE the war
arm - chair critics
of the British War
Office condemned in
unmeasured terms the
supposed laxity in
making proper pro¬
vision for an effective
military aeroplane ser¬
vice. Yet a few
weeks after the war
opened we read with
pride and admiration
Sir John French’s
despatch of September
nth, where he said:
“ The British Flying
Corps has succeeded
in establishing an
individual ascendency
which is as service¬
able to us as it is
damaging to the
enemy.”
os-tend
—b
AN
/"••'"-''(HOLLANDJ E5SEN
% 1
TRP
c 'DUSSELDORF
GHENT
o
BRUSSELS
OiROUBAlX
BELCIUM
LILLE
MONS
\ o
'”*/ AIX LA 23
LIEGE ^ CHAPELL - E
°NAMUR
FRANCE
CHARLEROI
° DINANT
° CIVET
A
T
IVIap showing the country traversed in the British air raid of September 22nd.
Tire raid on the Dus¬
seldorf Zeppelin sheds,
announced by the
British Press Bureau
on September 23rd,
was the first great
feat of aerial daring
of which we had
information. The
weather was misty,
but in spite of diffi¬
culties of pilotage,
Flight-Lieutenant C.
H. Collet approached
within 400 feet of the
Zeppelin sheds and
threw three bombs.
His machine was
struck, but lrc was un¬
hurt, and he flew back
over 100 miles to his base
without having had to
touch earth during the
double journey.
The Zeppelin sheds at Dusseldorf upon which three bombs were dropped by Flight-Lieutenant Collet in the course of the daring
air raid made by officers of the Royal Flying Corps, who gave proof of their superiority over the German aviators.
Pago 149 War Illustrated, 3rd October, 1914
The Frightful Havoc of a British Bomb
“ The skill, energy, and perseverance of our Royal Flying Corps,
under Sir David Henderson, have been beyond all praise,” said
Sir John French in his despatch of September 7th, and four days
later he again referred to their courage, illustrating how their
services had been of value. Primarily, their object is to collect
information, and therefore bomb-dropping has not been greatly
indulged in, but from a diary found on a dead German cavalry
soldier it was discovered that a high-explosive bomb thrown at
a cavalry column from one of our aeroplanes struck an ammuni¬
tion waggon, and the resulting explosion killed fifteen of the enemy.
The ir«r Illustrated , 3rd October, 1914.
The British Navy
Pago 150
in Sunshine and Shade
riGIITIXG at sea was distinctly brisk during the middle
1 of September. One of our auxiliary cruisers, the
Carmania, under the command of Captain Grant, sunk
a large German converted liner, supposed to be, the Cap
Trafalgar, or Berlin, off the east coast of South America
on September 14th. On the same day we lost by accident
the Australian submarine AEi and repulsed German
attempts to sink the IT.M." gunboat Dwarf in the Cameroon
River. At Zanzibar the hostile cruiser Konigsberg attacked
H.M.S. Pegasus whilst she was repairing machinery and
disabled her. But our Navy’s worst blow was the torpedoing
by submarines of three 12,000-ton cruisers on Sept. 22nd.
Several German submarines have gone to the
bottom of the sea for good during the war and,
unfortunately, one of our own has shared the
same fate. It is the Australian submarine, AEI.
The armed British liner Carmania, which sank an armed
German liner in an hour and three-quarters on September 14th.
Inset : Captain Noel
H.M.S. Aboukir, which, with its sister ships, the Hogue and
Cressy, were torpedoed by a hostile submarine, on September 22nd.
Grant, Carmania.
Submarine AEI was last seen on September 14th, and its loss
is probably due to an accident, for no enemy was in the neighbour¬
hood. Officers and crew numbered thirty-five, most of whom are
shown in this photograph, which was taken at Portsmouth.
“ If it had not have been for our brave British troops, who knows
what would have become of France ? ” The italics are ours, for
the remark was made by a French soldier. Kindly, big-souled
France has taken the British soldier to her great heart, and looks
upon him as one of her.own sons. Ho is called Tommee, with the
accent on the last syllable, and, since he courageously stopped ths
German rush to Paris, is in dangor of being overwhelmed by
kindness. The photographs show a group of Tommies in the
market square of a French town, and one of our cyclists holding
an audience with some of his French comrades.
Pa ere 151
The War Illustrated, 3rd October, 1914.
French Hero-worship of the British Soldier
Page 152
77, c ll'ur Illustrated, 3rd October, 1914.
Captives marching to the compound at Frith Hill, Camberley. Officers, to their disgust, receive the same treatment as rank and file.
Britain’s New Line of Imports from Germany
A heap ot tired, dispirited German prisoners, too fatigued to at>-"* ™ ascaoe .rum .... .... - " -
German prisoners marching between our soldiers with loaded rifles
and fixed bayonets on a French quay, ready to bo shipped to
the elysium of a concentration camp in England.
How the first German soldiers “ invaded ” Britain. Captives
crossing on the steamer West Meath. They slept on deck and
were heartily glad to be out of the fighting.
“An army travels on its stomach,” said Napoleon, and the Army, that ever left Britain. The commissariatdepartment alhvs
organisers of our Expeditionary Force have not -neglected to them ample rations, and the peasantry heap gifts of food upo 1
supply plenty of food. Our force in France is easily the best-fed them. Soldier-cooks are here shown preparing dinner at the rror. .
Captured German marauders complain of being insufficiently full rations, but those in Brussels could not grumble,
fod. Perhaps German soldiers in the field may not receive They had plenty of soup doled out to them in the town, as shown.
The War Illustrated , 3rd October, 1914.
Friend and Foe at Feeding-Time
7 he ll'flr Illustrated, 3ixl October, 1914. Pago 154
The Nation’s Roll of Honour: Our Heroic Dead
Lt.-Col. E. H. MONTRESSOR,
Royal Sussex Regiment.
Col. F. R. F. BOILEAU,
Royal Engineers.
Lt.-Col. G. C. KNIGHT,
Loyal North Lancs. Regt.
Col. Sir E. R. BRADFORD,
Bt., Seaforth Highlanders.
Col. G. K. ANSELL,
5th Dragoons.
Capt. A. E. CATHCART,
King's Royal Rifles.
Capt. A. R. M. ROE,
Dorsetshire Regiment.
Capt. G. W. BLATHWAYT,
Royal Field Artillery.
Capt. G. P. 0. SPRING
FIELD, Queen’s Bays.
Major M. E. COOKSON,
Royal Sussex Regiment.
Capt. D. K. LUCAS-
TOOTH, 9th Lancers.
Lieut. D. C. BINGHAM,
Coldstream Guards.
Major H. F. F. FOLJAMBE,
King’s Royal Rifles.
Capt. Lord GUERNSEY,
Irish Guards.
Lieut. A. J. DENROCHE-
SMITH, 18th Hussars.
^Capt. Lord Arthur HAY,
Irish Guards.
Capt. A. B. PRIESTLY.
Dorsetshire Regiment.
Lieut. C S. STEELE-PER-
KINS. Royal Lancaster Regt.
Lieut. G. W. POLSON,
Black Watch
ISec.-Lieut. J. H. SWORD, Lieot PiCKERsulLL-CUN-
4th Hussars. L1FFE, Grenadier Guards
(Photos by Lafayette, Bassano, Gale d Poldcn, Elliott d Fry, Speaiyht, Sport and General, Heath,)
Major J. H. W. JOHNSTONE,
Royal Field Artillery.
Capt. Mark HAGGARD,
2nd Welsh Regiment.
Lieut. R. F. SIMSON,
Royal Field Artillery.
Page 155
The War Illustrated , 3rd October, 1914.
Wounded Officers who we hope may fight again
>
Lieut. J. H. MAYNE
Bedfordshire Regiment
Brevet Lt.-Col. CAMERON,
Cameron Highlanders.
Lt.-Col. M. N. TURNER.
Duke of Connaught’s L.I.
Lt.-Col. H. C. LOWTHER,
D.S.O., Scots Guards.
Major T. N. PUCKLE,
Leicester Regiment.
Maj. H. C. PILLEAU, D.S.O.,
Royal West Surrey Regt.
Major W. J. LOCKETT,
D.S.O., 11th Hussars.
Capt. C. J. BROWNLOW,
Rifle Brigade.
Capt. Y. S. CAMERON,
Royal Susses Regiment.
Capt. F. H. NUGENT.
Rifle Brigade.
Capt. G. H. BROWN,
Coldstream Guards.
Capt. M. C. C. PINCHING,
Queen’s Bays.
Lt. - Col. J. PONSONBY,
D.S.O., Coldstream Guards.
Major C. J. C. GRANT,
Coldstream Guards.
Lieut. H. F. STONEHAM,
East Surrey Regiment.
Capt. G. H. R.
Royal Field
Lieut. J. C. HALSTED,
Loyal North Lancs. Regt.
Lt.-Col. J. D. McLACHLAN,
Cameron Highlanders.
Major B. H. MOCKETT,
4th Hussars.
3C.-Lieut. C. E. TUFNELL.
Coldstream Guards.
rkotos by Elliott ds Fry , Gale & Poldcn
Lieut. R. H. WOODS,
King’s Royal Rifles.
Bassa no. Hills <C- Saunders , Speaiaht, Lafayette.)
Lieut. J. S. MELLOR,
King’s Royal Rifles.
Brig.-Gen. J. E. W. HEAD-
LAM, C.B., D.S.O.
Lt.-Col. J. G. GEDDES,
'Royal Field Artillery.
Page 156
The IPcir Illustrated, 3rd October, 1914.
Manchester Men at the Battle of the Marne
A feat of intrepid daring and cool courage was one of the out¬
standing incidents of the Battle of the Marne. A store of ammu¬
nition was supposed to be well screened from German fire, but
the approach of some French cavalry made the spot a mark for
the enemy’s artillery. Every second a shell was expected to
explode among the ammunition, but the danger was obviated by
the daring of some British soldiers, chiefly Manchester men,
who, stripped to the waist, rushed up the hill and carried the
boxes to safety. All went through unscathed, but they described
it as “ the hottest and ffamingest corner ” they had ever been in.
Supplement to
“ The War Illustrated,” Oct. 3 rd.
These four pages should be detached by those
who desire t o preserve their copie s for binding.
gOMETHINGin the cold,
sinister aspect of the
cloaked figure, thrown into
lurid relief by the flickering
firelight; something in the
imperious, arrogant tones
of the! voice suddenly
caused Lucy Meadows to
realise that she was in the
presence of the Great Hun
-the Kaiser William him¬
self.
But neither fear nor
dismay was written in the
proud, white face of the
girl. The light of indomi¬
table courage burned in
her blue English eyes.
Struggling in the cruel grip
of the two Uhlan officers
she looked the Kaiser full
in the face.
“ Butcher of women and
children—I defy you ! ” she
exclaimed in an exaltation
of scorn and contempt.
An amazing incident in the superb
War Serial by George Edgar,
Author of “ The Rose Girl,” which
begins in next week’s “ Answers.”
For particulars and rough re¬
production of the magnificent
plate given away with the same
issue see overleaf.
Supplement to The H’dr Illustrated, 3 cl Oct oho r. 1914.
These four pages shot
who wish to preserve
'■ v./ >•
/. ' i - - .
'rw
mm:
FREE i ANSWERS
N EVER before in its h
gift to its readers
which the above i|
I4J in. by 10 in., the pi
specially prepared for frail
greatest deeds in the long a
In the same issue beg
in the Sun,” by Geo. Ec
of the mest famous of An
iid be detached by those
their copies for binding
Supplement to The War lUnsi-.uh'l, 3ui Ortoh
r. 10! 4
. /'/ /
istory has Answers given such a superb
as this magnificent photogravure, of
f y a rough reproduction. Measuring
is exquisitely printed and has been
• It is a great picture of one of the
nd glorious annals of the British Army,
ins a:superb new war serial, “A Place
te ar j author of “ The Rose Girl,” one
swells' serials.
NEXT MONDAY
Supplement to
“ The War Illustrated,” Oct. yd.
HOW
GUY STANDISH
WON HIS
V.C.
“We’ll never get through,
Lucy — but we can die
together ! ” hoarsely shouted
Guy Standish as his horse,
scorning its double burden,
charged gloriously into the
band of astonished Uhlans.
Those supreme and thril¬
ling seconds seemed an
eternity to Guy, and to the
brave but trembling girl
O O
whom he was attempting
to rescue from a fate far
worse than death.
Only a miracle could
carry the lovers unscathed
through that insensate, hate-
filled group of Prussian
fiends — and the miracle
happened ! For weeks after¬
wards the story of how Guy
Standish won his Victoria
Cross was proudly told
wherever British and French
soldiers were gathered
together.
Another amazing incident from
Geo. Edgar’s superb romance of
the Great War, which begins in
next week's “Answers.”
These four pages should be detached by tho se
who desire to preserve their copies for binding.
HOW GUY STANDISH WON HIS V.C.
NEXT MONDAY’S
ANSWERS
contains a magnificent Free
photogravure of the Charge
of the 9th Lancers, and the
opening chapters of the most
thrilling and fascinating
romance of the Great War
yet published.
-rage 157
The War lllualmUd, 3rd October, 1914.
British Soldiers Waist Deep in Flooded Trenches
During August the fighting in Belgium and Franca was hot
work from every point of view, and the soldiers sought^ protection
from the oppressive sun. But about the second week in Septem¬
ber the weather changed and rain fell in torrents, with cold nights
and uncomfortable bivouacs, although the zone of fire was as hot as
formerly. The rain filled the trenches whence our soldiers gallantly
attacked the Germans on the heights north of the Aisne.
It damped their clothes and limbs but not their ardour, and they
succeeded in driving the enemy back with enormous loss in spite
of discomfort that words and pictures can indicate only faintly.
j he War Illustrated, 3rd October
1914 .
Page
153
The Unrequited Kindness of the British
and their eyes dug out! Bar¬
barities that the Zulus or the
Dervishes would never descend
to have been practised upon
fallen enemies by the men
who announced their intention
of “ civilising ” Europe.
It is probable that this
ghastly treatment of ‘ the
wounded has been directly
inspired by the German officers.
German soldiers who have
been captured confess as
much.
We’ve been fighting
under the lash, as you call
it,” said one who had fallen
into British hands. “ Rest, food,
and all creature comforts have
been entirely denied us.
Treat men as beasts long
enough and they become
beasts.”
It is certain, too, that (lie
officers hare been inflaming
their men with fictitious
stories of British and French
cruelty, for some of the soldicrv
when captured by the Allies
have fully expected to be
tortured. Instead of severe
punishment they have re¬
ceived liberal supplies of
food—better than their own
Army provided—the Red
Cross has been ever readv
to attend to their injuries,
and new warm clothing has
been provided.
^V/HF.X the tide turned in
favour of the Allies it
became . apparent that many
of the German rank and file
were heartily tired of the war,
and eager to avoid any further
participation in it. They gave
themselves up in small parties,
tired,, hungry, and wounded,
knowing well that the kind-
hearted French and the British
they have so despicably
maligned would give them
food to eat, and treatment
lor their injuries.
A significant comparison
between the contesting forces
is, that whilst the Germans
have been known to maltreat
wounded opponents who
have fallen into their hands, the
Allies, give as much attention
to German wounded as they
do to their own disabled men.
In iact, the Germans have been
base enough to put this kind¬
liness to advantage, and
have purposely left their
wounded behind, hoping thus
to hamper the allied'advance.
The outrages committed
upon some of our wounded
men have been so hideous,
that they would be unbeliev¬
able were they not thoroughly
authenticated. Poor dis’-
abled heroes lying in pain in
the trenches have had their
hands ruthlessly slashed off.
A big-hearted British soldier gives a wounded German
a cigarette and a light from his pipe.
Picked up on the battlefield, these Germans expected
torture. Instead their wounds were dressed in a Red
Cross hospital.
Coals of fire. A French peasant woman provides coffee and milk
tor a badly-wounded German in the care of our Royal Army
Medical Corps.
£££ io3 The War Illustrated, 3rd October, 1914.
Sons of France in Her Fight for Freedom
A squad of French infantry leaving Amiens to attack the retreating Germans. Owing to the conscript nature of the French Army,
men in all stations in life r.re found marching together, a wealthy merchant going into battle side by side with a mill-hand.
Cavalry officers returning to the firing-*ine in motor-cars is not an uncommon
sight in France now. Horses await them at the front.
A French outpost, concealed behind stout
wooden palings, on guard at a tiny village.
Amiens was abandoned by the left wing of the allied army, and occupied by the invaders on August 31st. Thjrteen day3 later
the Germans hurriedly evacuated the historic city, and this photograph shows French infantry c %ce again in its poturesque streets.
The War illustrated, 3rd October, 1914.
Page 160
Germany Repeats in France its Outlawry in Belgium
THE destruction of Rheims Cathedral is Germany’s
crowning crime against civilisation. A magnificent
Gothic edifice, this cathedral was founded in 12 n and took
J40, some accounts say 218, years to build. The wonderful
vest facade, with its three deeply recessed portals, con¬
taining more than 500 statues of Scriptural personages and
the Kings of France, was unrivalled in its beauty-
The news of the shelling of the Cathedral reached
Cardinal Lucon, Archbishop of Rheims, as he was on his
way home from the Conclave, and he announced his
intention to return at once to Rheims and “ on the ruins of
our city call upon the justice of an avenging God.”
mm
In this view of Rheims, the stately Cathedral stands out like a sentinel of civilisation,
Germany has dared to cay that its destruction was justifiable. Inset, Cardinal Lucon
A tobacconist at Senlis hit a German bully with his fist.
The War Illustrated, 3rd October, 1914.
; j&Y jy9^* ^ !iu2ft d?!^!S5' :^HWIl—M— 1 __ - _.—-
A Church in the Meaux district,“a^on^M/bT^.“t^^nton d£«2ctKnof Shureh pr”^iy practised by the invading Prussian, and
The two pictures showi h « u «™» ^ K*^5n*?« for which churches are used by our gallant All.es.
rage 161
German and French Treatment of Churches
A church in Termonde, which the priest who returned alter ^ rjoccupation by the b fJ 1 ^ d ^rI e ^emLr h 4th, ha «'^'1nte r r U e i d n
-"JS phfndere^d ^durin^ 1 ^ 6 C ^venUig. WO The°next r day n it^was'destroyed sI^ptteTtha^ 0 the houses J be entire.y rebuilt.
The lT’«r Illustrated, 3rd October, 1914
Paso 162
Homeless! French and Belgian Victims of War
W'th a few prized belongings hastily wrapped in a tablecloth or basket, thousands of families in Belgium and Northern France have
tied from their homes, wearily tramping any road that takes them beyond the clutches of the bestial, drunken German soldiery. This
photograph shows a party of refugees resting on the roadside near Amiens.
At Tcrmonde the Germans deliberately destroyed one thousand
houses. Acting upon instructions from their officers, the
soldiers made a street to street visitation, pouring oil into the
houses and setting fire to them. This picture shows a party of
refugees collecting the few articles that escaped the holocaust.
A family who lost everything in the burning of Louvain. They
were temporarily housed in the Alexandra Palace, London.
A Belgian victim standing in the doorway of what was once her
house at IVIelle, near Ghent* It is now a burnt—out ruin.
The War Jllu&trated , "3rd October, 1914.
Page 163
Germany’s “ Higher Civilisation” and its
Fruits
The wall facing the camera exhibits irrefutable
A French Red Cross hospital at Senlis that was fired upon by the Germans,
evidence of the attempt to wreck the building. The Red Cross see
A British soldier with a British bayonet in his right hand and
one of the German saw-tooth bayonets in his left.
The sottish legions of the Kaiser left a trail of empty bottles
that testified to their debauchery on stolen wine.
lade them think they had come to stay. The right-hand figure on the
his left is a German professor charged with the reorganisation of the
Germans in Dinant whose presumption r
is the German commandant, and on
The TFar Illustrated, 3rd October, 1914.
Page 164
With the German Army now in Belgium
The Germans make their prisoners of war work for their food, and it is to be regretted that we do not follow the same policy.
Here Belgian soldiers captured in war are shown digging entrenchments near Brussels under a German guard.
General von Boehn, in command of the German Ninth Fiel<
Army, poses for his photograph with other German officers.
The German soldiers are keeping green the memory of the first
man to carry the German colours into the fort of Liege.
their “° r S f ° m6 yea , rs ' ar . m s around Liege have been purchased by German farmers, who, at suitable points on
J a Jl dS ’ mad8 , p a ‘ fo ms °* concrete that served for the attacking siege-guns when the time of war came This nhotooranh
shows Germane clearmg up the wreck of Fort Loncin at Liege, preparatory to making it intact for defence in the event of a Qerman
retreat through North France and Belgium.
Page 165
The War Illustrated, 3rd October, 1914.
Belgium’s Ceaseless Resistance to Enormous Odds
The small nation of Belgium has rendered high service to
humanity and freedom by her gallant and indomitable resis¬
tance to the barbarous and unprovoked onslaught of Germany.
Termonde was bombarded by Germans three times, but st 1 11 the
Belgians would not be driven away. Belgian infantry are
here sniping the enemy after having blown up a railway bridge.
Germany ha9 for years had a wide spy system operating in many
countries, preparing for the day of attack. Her spies still do their
dirty work and many have been caught. The search for German
spies is often done with the bayonet, as at Aerschot, where this
photograph was taken. The fate of a discovered spy i9 swif:
blindfolded, back to a wall, firing party at ten paces I
Page 166
The War Illustrated, 3rd October, 1914.
The Pitiable Martyrdom of Man’s Faithful Friend
pERHAPS the most pitiable aspect of this war is the
^ destruction in tens of thousands of man’s faithful
friend—the horse. Innocent, trustful, nervous, it is forced
to assist its master in fighting his battles. A troop horse
is believed to enjoy the wild delirium of a charge almost
as highly as the rider upon its back, but the pained, accusing
look that enters its eyes when it is wounded is heart-
searching to see. Horses maimed by shell fire are put
out of their pain as speedily as possible, the Army Veterinary
Corps and its helpers carrying an instrument for the painless
despatch of all horses that are injured beyond hope of
recovery.
A great sympathy exists between cavalrymen and their
chargers, and there have been many instances of horsemen,
with tears in their, eyes, giving their wounded animals a
fond caress, and then putting them out of their agony.
A pathetic spectacle after a battle.
These photographs show poor dumb heroes lying dead in the streets of Soissons,
IVJan’s noble friend if slightly injured is nursed back to health, but if wounded beyond hope is humanely killed.
Page 16?
The War Illustrated, 3rd October, 1914.
War-Time Scenes In Ireland and Elsewhere
Ulster Volunteers are being enlisted one regiment at a time. Ths North Belfast Regiment was taken first, and after being inspected
one thousand of them marched to the recruiting station, headed by Sir Edward Carson.
The palatial offices of the Hamburg-Amerika Line in Cockspur
Street, London, have been transformed into a recruiting station,
and the windows are covered by enlistment appeals.
One of the German minelayers about to start on its cowardly
expedition. The deadly mines are dropped into th8 sea from
shoots at the stern of the boat.
As French franc-tireurs wear no
uniforms, Germans shoot all who
fall int3 their hands.
A sentry on duty near the barbed-wire entanglement at . ~7, " . * J
prisoners of war are confined here. They live under canvas, are decently fed, and allowed
to sing their National Anthem every evening.
£
The War Illustrated , 3rd October, 1914.
HOW THE
WAR
WAGES:
Pago 168
THE STORY OF THE
GREAT CONFLICT
TOLD WEEK BY WEEK
Th= Continuous British Advance
^FTER the Battle of the Aisne opened on September
12th we came to understand the conditions of modern
warfare as the Russians and Japanese understood them
in the Manchurian campaign. The power and range of
heavy modern artillery, and the destructive effect of
modern machine-guns, have enabled the Germans quickly
to turn a region of trenched, hilly country into a
fortress.
The battle changed into a siege. The rifleman and
cavalryman suddenly lost their importance, and the gunner
became the master of the situation, with our scouts to
assist him in finding the enemy’s hidden batteries and
take the range. For two weeks the vast siege operations
were conducted in the most trying circumstances. Rain
filled the trenches and tested the staying power of the
soaked, chilled foot soldiers to the limits of human
endurance.
* * He
YET slowly and stubbornly the Allies gained ground.
For a week from Friday, September iSth, our splendid
troops made gradual unceasing progress in various directions,
the movement was heralded by a bombardment by our
heavy artillery, which had a terrifying effect on the
enemy.
At least one quarter of the striking force of German
invading armies had fallen, and the reserve and militia
who took their place were badlv shaken by our big guns.
On the night of September iSth some of the patched-up
infantry regiments were launched against our line, while
their artillery played on our trenches. But there was no
vigour in this counter-attack. At two o’clock in the
morning the new German infantrymen had their lesson and
retired.
* * *
QN Saturday, September 19th, the German siege-guns
again tried to blow a path for their men through our
front. But as soon as their troops came within range of our
rifle fire they turned back. During a burst of sunshine on
the afternoon of the following Sunday their officers led them
out again. This time they were permitted to get so close
that many of them did not return.
They came on with bands playing, and our men hailed
them with delight. The sight of a distant row of spiked
helmets was a deep joy to the British soldier after long,
f rying hours of inaction in the trenches under shell fire!
Our men were not alarmed by the immense shells from
the German siege-guns, that exploded in columns of black
greasy smoke. Their marksmanship when the spiked
helmets approached was as deadly as at Mons and Le Gateau,
and the unfortunate German reserve and militiamen
who lived through'it were pretty nearly demoralised.
Only the heavy artillery that the Germans had collected
for the siege of Paris enabled them to prevent the gradual
letreat from becoming a rout. The battle mainly con¬
sisted in a duel between great guns over three or more
miles of country. The allied armies were superior in
numbers of troops, but inferior in heavy-gun power. So
progress was slow but deadly. In some places the road
of advance was paved with dead enemies. By September
23rd Peronne was won, and an important railway com¬
munication cut, thus diminishing Kluck’s supplies of food
and ammunition.
* ¥ Jjs
The Russian Advance on Cracow
[T is i_so miles from Lemberg, the scene of the first
smashing Russian victory, to Cracow, the key to
the new position. By September 19th the southern armies
of the Tsar had covered half the distance with their heavy
siege-guns, and were bombarding the fortress city of
Jaroslav. Jaroslav was stronger than Liege, which stayed
the march of a million Germans for some weeks ■ but
so fierce and pressing was the Russians’ attack that they
stormed the forts on September 21st. There was then
only Przemysl in their path. This town, however, was
the principal fortress of Austria, and it could only be
reduced by a regular investment and siege. By the time
Jaroslav was taken the investment of the Austrian Gibraltar
was begun,
In the meantime other portions of the victorious forces
were pursuing the beaten Austro-German armies, keeping
the Teutons continually on the move and herding them
into the space west of Przemsyl. The storming of Jaroslav
gave the victors free passage across the River San and
enabled them to enter the country in which the defeated
Austrians and Germans had taken refuge. This entrance
was accomplished by Tuesday, September 22nd.
* * *
TsriOTHIXG like this vast movement of pursuit has been
seen since Napoleon beat the Prussians at Jena and
then flung his victorious armies over the length and breadth
of Prussia, where, in twenty-four day's, they completed
the work begun on the battlefields. No engines of destruc¬
tion can annihilate a million men in a day or in a single
battle. What a decisive victory leads to is a long, close
pursuit, during which the conquerors wear down the
fighting power of the fleeing host.
The immense length of a modern battle-front makes
an operation like Sedan almost impossible. The enemy'
has to be turned or broken, and then harried into a demoral¬
ised mob. By Friday, September 25th, the state of the
main Austrian forces was such that discipline had almost
disappeared. The soldiers were out of hand and dis¬
obeying their officers, and the officers had lost faith in
their generals and Military Staff. Between the beaten
mob west of Przemsyl and the other defeated Austrian
and German armies near Cracow there was an interval
of thirty-four miles, and the Russians were pressing the
stricken masses with unabated fury.
* * *
The German Invasion of Russia
DY way, apparently, of drawing off the.southern Russian
force from its terrible pursuit, the German General
Hindenbcrg advanced with something like eight hundred
thousand men from East Prussia, driving General Rennen-
kampf before him. Iiindenberg invaded the western
provinces of Russia, but effected nothing beyond the
destruction of a few villages. The threat to Rennenkampf’s
small, superb force was more than balanced by the menacing
movement of the southern Russian armies against the-
German province of Silesia.
* * *
The Revenge for the Battle of the Bight
TYIE misty weather at sea on Tuesday, September 22nd
was similar to that in which Admiral Beatty con¬
ducted his skirmish off Heligoland. On this occasion
however, it was the Germans who got home. Three of
our old armoured cruisers, the Aboukir, Plogue, and Cressv,
were making rendezvous with some light cruisers ami
destroyers, twenty miles off the Hook of Holland. A
German submarine got close enough in the mist to torpedo
the Aboukir. Our men then made the error of thinkin"
the explosion was caused by a mine.
The Cressy and Hogue stood by and lowered their boats
to save the drowning crew. The submarine had now- an
easy mark in the two stationary ships; she chose the
Hogue and quickly sank her. Then for an hour and a
half the Cressy dodged and sought for a sign of the sub¬
marine, with guns loaded ready to fire at the emergin'*
conning-tower of the enemy. D
The Cressy, however, was torpedoed just as she saw
her attacker. Sinking, she fired on her foe, and it looks,
at the time of writing, as though cruiser and submarine
sank together. In spite of this episode, the balance of
losses at sea remained heavy against Germany.
The War Illustrated, 3rd October, 19X4,
■
64
The War Illustrated
Something-to-Smoke Fund
Yor 6d. will send to for Soldiers at the Front
a soldier at the front
cake light tobacco
cake dark tobacco
10 Virginia cigarettes
as shown below.
The parcel is
worth 1/- to 1/6
in any tobacco shop.
Your name will
be written on
each package
you ash us to
send for you.
[f you are willing to help by
collecting subscriptions for our
‘ Something-to-Smoke” Fund, please
[ill up the small request-form below
and post it to us.
If you want i_
a Collecting Sheet
Please fill in your name and address here.
Sums .
Address .
and post it to
The “ Something-to-Smoke ” Fund,
Tue War Illustrated,
Fleetway House,
London, E C.
For every
5 /-
subscribed
by our readers
“ The War
Illustrated ”
will add free
a
1 r
in the parcels
of tobacco
and cigarettes.
Our soldiers at the front don’t like French Caporal
cigarettes. They want British-made cigarettes and a
pipe of British tobacco, and these are difficult to get
in France.
The fact has only to be stated to make you
and everyone else wish to send to our brave
fighting men some good British cigarettes and
good pipe tobacco that they can smoke—and
enjoy.
The cost is small to you and others who
join in this effort to add to the ccmfort of
cur heroes—the pleasure to them is great.
It is tco expensive to send single parce's
to individual soldiers, so “Ihe War
Illustrated ” has arranged to do col-
leclively what cannot be done singly.
The parcels are sent from an
in-bond duty-free warehouse, sa
that no duty is paid, and you have
the pleasure of know ng that
for every sixpence ycu cor-
tribate the soldi , r on duty gets
as much smoking pleasure as he
would do by spending over one
shilling in a British tobacco shop.
Every parcel is a persen d gift from
some individual. The name and address of
the sender is on every packet, so that the
soldier knows whom he has to thank.
How many soldiers will you make happy?
You can send one sixpence—or as many sixpences
as you like.
For every sixpence that you send one soldier will
get two cakes of tobacco and 10 cigarettes, as shown
on this page. And each package will carry your name
as the giver.
•How many—
6d. parcels will you send ?
Please fill in and semi this wilh your contribution.
To the Treasurer,
“ Something-to-Smoke ’ Fund,
The War Iulgstrated,
Fleet w:iy J1 omc,
. Londoiiy E.C.
Dear Sir,—I waul to male . soldiers happy.
so 1 enclose £ : : to cover Ihe cost of a (id.
parcel to each soldier.
The War Illustrated.
3rd October, 1914.
cience
I I
T
TsJEVER since'the'"world began has warfare been waged with such
1 deadly -science. - The old days when hard muscle and sharp
cutlass were the deciding factors have gone for ever. What can the
human "frame do against a machine-gun ? What does physical
stfength'avail against shrapnel and bomb ?
^f O—science must be met with science. The torpedo and the
1 destroyer, the Zeppelin and the aeroplane, the siege-gun and
the mashed battiry, the searchlight and the steel fort—these are some
of the means by which contending armies seek victory over their
enemies.. The main factor lies in the brain more than in the sinew of
the fighting arm.
HE scientific engines and devices of war are explained in graphic
detail by arresting pictures in the
Harmsworth Popular Science
the seven volumes of which enable you to see what man has done in
the wide- domain of inventive progress.
The victories of science in every field of human activity—the far-
seeing discoveries of astronomical science, the story of our earih and its
growth as a planet, the study of life from its lowest to its highest forms,
the growth of knowledge through the centuries of history, the glorious
triumphs of medical science over disease and death, the science of
production, of commerce, and of society — all these are traced with
glowing pen and illustrated by men who have the gift of conveying in
arresting pictures what mere words cannot tell. /
The seven beautiful volumes of the
Harmsworth Popular Science
are delivered, carriage paid, immediately upon payment of first subscript on
of
2/6
and, while enjoying the volumas, you complete your purchase
by monthly subscriptions of 5/-, their number depending
upon the style of binding you prefer.
For fu'l. particulars — FREE— ;
fill up and post the coupon, when you will receive without any charge
a beautiful booklet called “ The World of Wonders,” printed in four
colours, and showing how fascinating the story of science is made in the
Harmsworth Popular Science
COUPON
for
BOOKLET
FREE
The Educational Bsok Co., L*d.,
17, New BriJija Street, London, E.C.
Dear Sirs, . ... t * t
Please send me FREE and POST FREE a copy of the four-
colour booklet, “The World of Wonders,” giving particulars and
subscription terms of the “ Harmsworth Popu'ar Science,•’ published
by you in seven volumes.
NAME.
ADDRESS...... . : .. ..
'■,i’\v,i. ' ... ....
Printed and Puulisned I
published by Gordon & Gotch in Australia
Montreal in Canada. Aditnisement i
4S
, A .
“ Vf
1
VOL. I., No. 8
OUR TRIUMPHANT AIRMEN
A DUEL IN THE CLOUDS
Week ending
10 Oct* 1014
1 ■ T ** •>" " ""
The ll'fii Illustrated, lOtti October, 1914.
THERE ARE NO 44 BACCY ” SHOPS ON THE BATTLEFIELD
Movement to send Tobacco and Cigarettes to Our Fighting Men
In their letters from the front our fighting
heroes tell us time and again that what they
miss more than anything else is the hind of
1 >bacco and cigarettes they are used to at home.
Theretfcwrno “ baccy ” shops on the battlefield,
and even if. there were they would sell‘only
Trench Caporal cigarettes and “ tabac
* rdisiaire jxrnr la pipe.” Our scldiers, don t
lihe either.
It is such a little thing—to send some
smoking stuff to our heroes who are defending
our homes just as much as they are defending
the homes of our Allies. It iscold work in the
trenches, fighting up to the waist in water,
with shells bursting all around, and sleeping
out i:i sodden fields, while we have our blankets
at home. And if such a little, thing .as a few
ounces of tobacco or a packet of cigarettes
means so much comfort to our brave boys,
let us send them.
These are the reasons why the publishers
of The War Illustrated have made arrange¬
ments to receive subscriptions of sixpences
and multiples of sixpences so as to send
tobacco and cigarettes to the actual firing-line.
You are invited to send sixpence—or, better
still, as many sixpences as you can affTrd.
For every sixpence received we shall send
to a soldier
i cake dark tobacco,
i cake light tobacco,
10 cigarettes.
and we shall put on each package the name
' and address of The giver of the sixpence, so
that the soldier will know wheni he has to
. thank.
• Every sixpenny parcel is . well worth
• between is. and is. 6d., and could not be
• bought for, less in any British tobacco-shop.
We are able to send two or three times the
value because we have arranged to send the
goods from an in-bond warehouse without
paving any Customs* duty, so that all your
sixpence goes' in tobacco and cigarettes—
. none in taxes.
In addition to this, for every five shillings
sent we shall ourselves add a shilling pipe.
Thus we are doing our part, and we invite
all readers to do theirs.
Cases of these parcels of tobacco and
cigarettes subscribed for by readers of 'i m:
War Illustrated have already been sent
to
The Wiltshire Regiment
The Durham Light Infantry
The Worcester Regiment
The Cheshire Regiment
The Royal Artillery
The D and E. Co’s. 1st Duke of Cornwall’s
Light Infantry
The King’s Royal Rif!e3
Vi e 32nd Royal Field Artillery
The Loyal North Lancashire Regiment
and over four thousand soldiers have been made '
happy.
This picture shows what .each soldier gets.
Now, how many sixpences can you send ?
Mow many soldiers, will you make happy. ?
Please send your postal-orders addressed
to _____„ .
The War Illustrated
“Something-to-Smoke ” Fund,
Fleet-way House,
London, E.C.
And don’t forget to put your name and address
so that the soldier or soldiers whom you
make happy will know to whom he is indebted
for his present.
If you would like a collecting sheet so that
you can get your friends to help with.sub¬
scriptions, please ask for one at the same time.
DONATIONS RECEIVED DURING THE SECOND WEEK OF THE FUND
56 Donations of 6d. =56 presents for soldiers.
Mr. A. J. Cooke : Doris Codd ; Miss L. Lord;
Mr. W. G. Maxwell; Miss E. Taring ; Miss E.
Thompson : L. C.; Miss Ethel Green ; Mr. Rex H.
Hill; Mrs. J. Howard ; Mrs. .L Howard ; Aliss H.
Kent; Mr. Tom Pickering; Mr. Leonard Shield ;
Frank Slater (age 7): Mr. S. Wheatley ; Mr. \X . I.
Wheatley; Mr. J. Clarke: Miss Ada Hockless;
Mr. Fredk. Connors; Mrs. Connors : Mr. R. G. Wake-
man ; Mr. Fred Casidy ; Mr. Francis Brown : Miss
Ethel Clarke; Mr. Era. Caswell: Mr. P. Knight;
Mr. E. E. Adams: Mrs. C. B. Brown; Mr. H.
Harris; Mr. G. Meldum ; Mr. E. Goodrhum ; Mr.
H. Wats!tain ; Mrs. Chapman; Miss Hitchen ;
Mi S 3 Mary Hitchen ; Mrs. H. Pollock ; Miss -E.
( liastnev ; Mrs. E. Crane : Miss Anna Daly ; Miss
\M. Hanking ; Mr. H. II. Maun ; Mr. H. W. Mason :
Mr. Edward Pickup; Mr. Jos. 1. Smith ; Mr. Eric.
Brown ; M. E. D. : Mr. G. T. Piper : Mr. Tom Be.n-
licld ; .Miss G. E. M. Ttodinlmn : Nellie . Farfor :
Mr. K. ITcmlett; Mbs Flonie Walker; Mr. Harry
wili;>c,t : Mr. I-re l T. G. Biandui, and Mr. D.
II. Greeiiayay. /
45 Donations of Is. 90 presents for soldiers.
No name. Ep*%oui : Miss Kmdv Aldridge : Miss
Victoria Aldridge ; Miss'Nellie Anderson ; Miss E.
Farrev ; Messrs. Harry and Frank Day; H. W.,
M. 1... and ethers; Mr. V. II. Lord ; “ Soiueoue
near Ludlow ”: Miss D. Oliver ; Mr. Leonard
Badclitfe : Mr. M. Adams ; Marjorie Adcock : Mrs.
Annie < lack ; Mr. L. Column ; Alexandra R. C.
Eaton ; Emily Harries ; Mis'- Lees ; Miss fiertlta
Mev.-r : Mr. F. C. Merton ; Mr. It. Quigley ; Miss
M. ‘Smith; Mr. Wm. Threliall: Mrs. E. M. Bur¬
kett : Mrs. Arkwright : Mr. S. F. Chandler; Miss
Vi; Lt Dakens ; * Daisy Ether'mgton ; Mrs. E. S.
Hall: Lottie Hughes; Doris Oliver; Kate
Huberts : Mr. W. G. stiles; Mr. W. Walker; Mr.
G. \V. Williams ; Mr. A. James ; Mrs. A. Porter ;
Mrs. Ripley and Mrs. Daley ; Nellie Carpenter ;
Miss Chappell; Mr-srs. Denis and Paul Howe :
Bridget Turner ; Mr. Edward Brackley ; Mr. Carol
11: rrison ; Mr. II. Leslie Stevens.
18 Donations of Is. 6d. = 54 presents for
soldiers.
Mr. C. E. Morgan : Miss B. Richards : Miss E.
T« ttendell : Ire Botten ; Susan Hood ; Mr. John
l’ cvcr : Mr. Jaux Quigley : Mr. W. Jl. Robinson ;
M i ;s Wright: Mrs. E. Hindmarsh ; Mr. G. Hick;
Mr. Joseph Old ridge ; E. L. S.: Rev. H. F. de
Cucrcey Benwell; Ethel.. Dick and Bert Cooper;
(; rtie Osborne; .Mr. E. Totterdell; Jlr. S. R. Virgin.
30 Donations of 2s. = 120 presents for soldiers.
Mr. A. Ashworth : Mr. C. K. Hardy ; Mrs. Wm.
IL hbs; Nurse T. Hunter; Margaret Muirhead ;
Mi.-s Barclay : Bertha Halliwell (age 7) ; Mr. S. <>.
Hodge ; Minnie Kemp ; Miss M. A. Fisk ; Mr. D.
; ddsmid ; Mi.-s Fanny Hayes ; Jessie Hearn ;
Miss Janie Ireland ; Mrs. F. Vines ; Mr. P. A.
Batstone ; Mr. Hy. Brown ; Mary Hill ; Mrs.
Nash; Mr. 11. Tottman ; Elsie Weston ; Mrs. Ash-
field ; J. II. M. ; Messrs. M. and M. Stewart; Mr.
M. B. Annand ; Annie E. Davies; Alice Jones;
Mr*. Stokes and Family; Susanne; Mr. C. L.
Winter.
43 Donations of 2s. 6d. = 215 presents for
soldiers.
Mr. C. W. Bentham ; Kathleen Bentley ; Miss
Fulcher ; Miss Gower; Miss Flo Herbert; Miss
J illi Herbert ; Mr. A. R. Lodder ; Miss Moore ;
Miss A. Merry : Mr. E. W. H. Smith; Mr, Percy
Stephens ; Miss Watson ; Messrs. F. 1. and P.
Bull : Flora G. Christie ; MissAlossop ; Mrs. Oates ;
Mr. Wm. K. Peacock ; i>er May Rutherford (Violet
Rutherford, Is. Cd. : Mr. William Rutherford, fid. ;
and May Rutherford. 6*1.) ; Mr. W. Banks ; Mr.
J. it. Chestney ; Kate E. Crosby; Cadet S. A.
Judge: Mr. M. Taylor; Mrs. White;. Miss N.
C'liristopher : Mrs. Cusack ; (Messrs. J. T. Howorth,
Jlarrv Howorth, Harold Howorth. W. Haworth,
J. Howorth); Mr. W. Sensecalli ; Mrs. Shepherd ;
Mr. Wm. Harland : Mr. Wm. Hardy ; Mrs. Adams ;
Mr. V. K. Herring ; Air. D. W, Mitchell: Mr.M. W.
Bawling; Miss A. Chatflel.l; Miss Palmer; Mrs.
I hamney Shan)'; E. T>.; Miss Christian Morgan;
Mr. thus. M. Perrin; Miss Stacy; Margaret
Arkell. and Henrietta Arkell.
17 Donations of 3s. 102 presents for soldiers.
Ag, Chris, and Dora ; Mr. B. Hoff ; Miss Liver-
sage ; Annie Bradbury ; Mildred H. Dorsett ;
Miss M. MK'nllagh ; Messrs. Pollard and Thornber ;
Queenie : Miss H. S. Stewart; Miss A. ChatlieM j
Mrs. II. Doherty ; Nurse Holmes ; Mr. Bryn'Wat¬
son : Mrs. W. G. Everett ; Bella Leslie; Aliss
Ove ringtail ; Miss F. Pamenter.
1 Donation of 3s. 6d. = 7 presents for
soldiers.
Miss Bert hi Lowery. x
6 Donations of 4s. - 48 presents for soldiers.
Miss E. Brice ; Agnes Brock : The Wrights ;
Three employees of Dibb Bros. ; G. E. S. ; Miss G.
Fisher.
2 Donations of 4s. 6d. = 13 presents for
soldiers.
Miss N. Moore ; Mr. and Airs. W. Ward.
44 Donations of 5s. = 440 presents for soldiers.
Mrs. M. Bomber ; Mr. John Biickly ; Mr. John
Cockburn ; Mr. A. Fagan; Mr. F. G. Hack;
Anonymous; Mr. 1. Alfred Jones ; Mr. Pew Jones ;
Sir. G. B. Knight : Dr. Jas. II. AV. Laing ; Adam¬
son's Family ; Air. A. T. Brown ; Mr. W. L. Don¬
aldson ; Miss Vizard ; Mrs. A. Orford ; Air. Arthur
A ml us ; Dr. Buchanan; Mr. Jl. G. Bury; Mr.
A. H. Clarke ; Mr. Joseph Af. Dentith ; Mr. M.
Furness; Mrs. an.I Miss N. Trice; Mrs. and Miss
Soanies ; No name, Twickenham ; Air. W. Atten¬
borough : Aliss li. Avery ; (Miss AlacCartil and Aliss
Fawkes); Air. N. H. Dillow; Mr. J. Gillespie;
per J. Wheatley (Servants’ Hall of St. Margaret’s);
Aliss Agnes Lawrie ; per Miss Severting (Maggie
Bell. Is. ; Minnie Bing, Is. ; Air. George Leif, Is. :
Mr. Lenard Baty, Is. ; Dorothy Baty, fid. : and
Willie Hall. Cd.) ; Aliss Grace Gaunter ; Aliss Lizzie
Gaunter ; Flo Willmore ; Nellie Cain ; Winifred
Freeman ; Air. E. Jesty ; “ A Glasgow Mother ”
Arr. S. II. Spiller; Aliss B. A. Anderson : Master J.
Hornell ; Airs. & Aliss D. Mitchell; Rev. R. G‘. Webb.
2 Donations of 5s. 6d. = 22 presents for
soldiers.
The Stan yon Family: Per Aliss Amy E. Parker
(Amy E: Parker, Is. Cd. ; Edith E. Parker, Is. ; .Mr.
A. Fisher. Is. : Mr. A. Marrow, Is. ; Mr. A.
Ollerton. fid. ; and Mr. IT. Kennedy, fid.)
3 Donations of 6s. = 36 presents for soldiers.
Mr. G. H. Morton ; Air. James Thomas ; Lizzie
Armstrong.
1 Donation of 6s. 6d. 13 presents for
soldiers.
Per Messrs. G. Lush and W. Rutter (Miss Eaves,
fid. ; Aliss Titmas, 2s. ; Airs. Rutter, fid. ; Miss
Fisher, fid. ; Miss Kay and Miss AlcPherson, fid. ;
Aliss Forman, fid. ; Airs. Forman, fid. ; Aliss
Morton, fi<L ; and Aliss Horton, Is.)
8 Donations or 10s. =160 presents for
soldiers.
Air. E. Carter ; Air. and Mrs. Clyps ;de Pliilli
Mrs. Pick Ting : Miss Al. G. Tindall ; Mr. E. Warner
Air. Thos. Whitby; Mrs. Doiniison ; Mrs. Lyell.
1 Donation of 10s. 6d. — 21 presents for
soldiers.
Air. A. B. Holness.
1 Donation of 11s. = 22 presents for
soldiers.
Per Mr. Wm. W. Walker (Mr. Wm. W. Walker,
Mr. Wm. Afalcolm, Mr. J. K. D. McKay. Air. A.
Siurr.i, Air. Wm. W. Maedopald, All*. .Thomas* A.
(‘ahill, Air. Wm. Mackenzie. Mr. P. J. Gorn.e,
Mr. David Morrison, Air. C. White, Air. T. B.
AIttthieson.)
1 Donation of 12s. 24 presents for
soldiers.
Airs. Miles.
1 Donation of 13s. 6d. = 27 presents for
soldiers.
The Boys of the Holme Court Industrial School,
Isleworth.
1 Donation of 14s. =28 presents for
soldiers.
Per Air. W. Benstead (Workmen of Rockingham
colliery). . ...
4 Donations of 20s. =160 presents for
soldiers.
E. F. B. ; Air. John H. Duke ; Alias N. G. Ray
Air. Sam Gaunter.
1 Donation of 21s. = 42 presents fo»-
soldiers.
Per Aliss W. Martin (from a few Work-girls at
Wulverton).
1 Donation of 25s. 50 presents for
soldiers.
Per Air. .7. C. Jolmstone (from the Employees
and Office Staff at Perseverance Mills, Leeds).
1 Donation of 40s. = 80 presents for
soldiers.
Mr. R. Ellis.
1 Donation of 503. =100 presents for
soldiers
Air. J. E. Norman.
Upon the command to take an exposed German position, the Irish Guards knelt for a minute in silent prayer, and then rushed
to their work with joy on their faces and in their hearts a fortitude that won success.
A WEEKLY PICTURE-RECORD OF EVENTS BY LAND, SEA AND AIR ,or We = k «"<»
10 October. 1914
RISH GUARDS KNEEL AT PRAYER BEFORE RUSHING UPON THE GERMANS
Tht TFtjr Illustrated , 10th October, 1914.
Pn.se no
THE GREAT EPISODES OF THE WAR
V. — Russky’s Smashing Victory at Lemberg
I N the early part of the war Russia seemed to be a
sleepy giant, who would be stabbed before lie was
fully awake. By August 15th Austria had concen¬
trated by the frontier a force of a million men, with 2,500
guns. The Russians were in a weak position, and could
not oppose their enemy. They needed nearly three more
weeks to collect and array for battle all their mighty armies.
The great distances from which men and supplies had to
be brought by scanty means of communication prevented
the Russians from defending their territory from invasion.
The Austrians flung their main army of 600,000 troops
far into Russian Poland, threatening an advance towards
Warsaw. To stop any turning movement, there was an
Austro-German force of 200,000 men on the right flank
at Radom, while a southern Austrian army of 200,000 men
formed the left flank at Lemberg. The idea was to conquer
Poland, enlist and arm the Poles, and launch them triumph¬
antly against their Slav kinsmen.
At first everything went according to programme.
While Kluck, in France, was smashing a path- to Paris
by swift, terrible sledge-hammer blows. Generals Dankl
and Auifenberg, with the assistance of various Austrian
Grand Pukes, were sweeping through Russian territory and
outdoing Kluck in the rapidity and number of their victories.
But the defect of a war according to programme is that
the movements are obvious, and can easily be foreseen
by an opponent.
Taken at a
Disadvantage
So, though the Russian commandcr-in T chief was taken
at a disadvantage in respect to the inferior force of troops
immediately at his disposal, he was able to use these troops
with a complete knowledge of the enemy’s intentions.
According to the laws of strategy, the powerful Austrian
centre * advancing between the two towns of Lublin and
Kholm should have attracted the Russian counter-attack.
i he Russian commander, however, disregarded the
scientific laws of strategy. Careless of the Moltke tradition,
he looked on war as an art rather than a science — as an
art in which daring, originality, unexpectedness, and the
■personal ability of soldiers counted more than'numbers.
After General Rennenkampf had been sent on his famous
raid into East Prussia, there were only two comparatively
small armies available for the first counter-stroke against
Austria.
General Russky was marching towards Galicia from
Kiev, and General Brussilov was moving to the. north of
Roumania with the men of Bessarabia and Podolia. It
was arranged for the two generals to proceed by separate
routes and combine in Galicia, under Russky, for a surprise
attack on the southern Austrian host near Lemberg.
Each of the two small forces could easily have been met
and defeated separately by their overwhelmingly strong
enemy. But by one of the most remarkable oversights
in the history of warfare, Russky and Brussilov were
allowed by the Austrians to'steal into Galicia by different
palhs and conquer a large part of the territory before
battle was offered.
Austria’s
Host of Spies
The secrecy with which the combined .Russian operation
was conducted was extraordinary. It was done in the
daylight, over a period of nearly two weeks—from August
17th to August 30th. The Austrians had a host of spies
working with Teutonic thoroughness ; they had a great
screen of well-horsed, dashing cavalrymen engaged in
reconnaissance work along the lines of the Russian advance ;
they had scouts in flying-machines datding over the country.
Yet the Russian operations in Austrian territory were
not discovered till close on the end of August, when it was
too late. Such was the incomparable skill with which
General Russky and General Brussilov carried out their
daring, dangerous work.
The principal credit, however, probably belongs tip
General Suklimov, the Russian C.hief of Staff—a man
great as an organiser, and greater still as a wielder of
armies. With astonishing foresight, he had discerned
how the situation he proposed to create in Galicia would
strike the Austrian mind. The Battle of Lemberg was
war in advance by thought-reading—by a practical forecast
of the workings of the Teutonic intellect in its hour of
triumphant self-conceit.
The Austrians were blind to everything except the
" scientific ” scheme of operations which they were carrying
out in Russian territory. They had a strong front to the
south of Warsaw, and against that front they intended to
force the Russians to move. It was so simple. They had
merely to advance conqueringly, in order to compel their
opponent to attempt to stop them. Nothing else mattered.
Cossack activity southward in Galicia was merely a feint
and a vain distraction.
N -3 Heavy
Ariillery UseJ
Meanwhile, the Cossack made the most of his oppor¬
tunities. Before lie crossed by the north of Roumania,
and entered Galicia, he came into contact with the Austrian
cavalry. The Russian rider had to screen his armies from
observation, and push back the enemy as quietly and
quickly as possible. No support from heavy artillery or
infantry could be used, for this would disclose the secret
that an important attack was being made in full force.
It was wild, stirring, versatile work, that suited the
Cossack better than it would have suited any other large
body of horsemen. Far in advance of the foot soldiers and
big guns, he kept up a continual skirmish with every
kind of Austrian arm—cavalry scout, infantryman, and
gunner, in fortified places, by river passages, and other
points of importance. 1 Iclped only by his own light" horse
artillery, the Cossack fought in every manner practised by
modern armies. He dismounted and carried positions with
the bayonet; lie charged with his lance ; he entrenched
and displayed his marksmanship. Except that he did not
use siege-guns, lie proved himself a master of all trades
in war.
The Cossack’s
Box of Tricks
1 lis famous box of tricks was emptied on the heads of
the Austrians. lie fell dead in heaps, his dead horse
beside him ; suddenly came to life, and shot the enemy
who wanted to search bis corpse. Another time, a herd
of little Cossack horses would stampede, and tire riderless
animals would sweep towards some guarded hostile position.
Even little Cossack horses arc useful to Austrian soldiers ;
they can be sold for good money to Galician farmers. But
just before the animals were caught, grey figures swung
from beneath them, carbine in hand, and fired." It was
like a circus performance, but deadly effective. And when
it came to a straightforward charge with sabre against sabre,
the Austrian cavalry had to give way.
Some of the Austrian officers, however, were peculiarly
tricky. A11 instance occurred in tire Russian advance at
Tarnopol, a-town near the Galician border. Overcoming
flic first line of defence, the Russians swept on to meet the
main body of their enemies. They passed an Austrian
officer who was sitting on the earth bandaging his leg. Of
course they did not hurt this wounded man. But their
attack failed ; it failed repeatedly. No matter in what
manner they tried to approach the enemy, lie was prepared,
and mowed them down with a well-directed fire.
Returning over the ground after one of these reverses,
a Russian officer noticed a wire running along tire earth.
Fie found it led to a field telephone, by which the pretended
wounded Austrian was still sitting, giving notice of all the
Russian movements. When the bandage round the man’s
leg was removed, it was seen that his limb was quite sound.
In spite of the continual skirmishing, drawing nearer and
r ilg e 171
nearer, no alarm was felt by the Austrians until General
Brussilov’s army, after capturing and crossing river after
river in Eastern Galicia, approached the muddy Lipa, bv
the fortress town of Halicz, sixty miles south of Lemberg.
By this time the two Russian forces had met and combined.
On August 30th, the left wing, under Brussilov, rested
near the river valley at Halicz, while the right wing, under
Kussky, extended to the Galician border. The Austrians
then used the thirty forts at Halicz as a pivot for a smash¬
ing flank attack on Brussilov.
A Terrible
Batlle
But Brussilov did not wait to be attacked. Two weeks
of continual successful skirmishing had enabled him to judge
the warlike qualities of his men. He flung them on the
enemy’s line ; they broke it, killed and wounded 20,000
Austrians, then stormed the forts, and captured Hale/,
in a terrible 'battle that lasted till September 1st. The
Austrians fought well and bravely. Unlike the Germans,
they faced the bayonet with determination, and used the
steel themselves in some gallant charges. What told was
the superior physique of the Russian trooper. He wore down
the Austrian, and in bar onet fights and rifle fire showed
such ascendency that the great rout of a whole Umpire
began almost as soon as the first battle was fully joined.
Drunken Germans : “
The War Illusfruled\ 10th October, 1914.
In the meantime. General Russky, who was directing
tire whole operations, swept from the north on another mass
of Austrians at Zlocgow, killed three of their generals and
thousands of their men, and pursued the rest to the outer
forts of Lemberg. On September 2nd, Russky drew up his
troops within cannon shot of the fortressed capital of
Galicia. And such was the demoralisation of the Austrian
army of 200,000, that Lemberg was captured the next dav,
together with the'entire artillery of the Austrian force.'
Back to the
Russian Fold
The heavy Russian artillery smashed the forts and
opened the road to the Russian infantrymen, and after a
little fierce street fighting, the victorious troops marched in,
and as they passed the townspeople threw flowers upon
them from the upper windows of the houses. For the
I.emberger, like most of the people of Eastern Galicia, is a
Russian. That is why Brussilov was able to work his wav
through the country'so swiftly and secretly, with priests
coming in processions with banners to meet him at every
village. Eastern Galicia is an ancient Russian Duchy, torn
from the ancestors of the Tsar by his enemies. It is the
Alsace-Lorraine of Russia, peopled by a Slav race, with the
same language, religion, and customs as the Russian Empire,
to which it has been so swiftly and unexpectedly united.
Look on this Picture, and on this ’
'G K1 , {MANY, the exemplary nation, held up its hands in
horror that civilised countries like Britain and France
should fight side by side with the barbaric Slaw Russian
soldiers, said the omniscient German professors, arc capable
of one thing only—drinking vodka, 't hese same professors
’prophesied the pillaging of towns, and the wholesale de¬
struction of non-combatants, so that the Tsar’s warriors
could obtain their vital liqubr.
A'ct, what has the war proved ? That Russian soldiers
are sober and temperate, true gentlemen, earnestly engaged
in what they regard as a holy war.
No coarse and vulgar drawings from Berlin can dispute
it. The only drunken animals in this war are subjects of
the Kaiser. Officers and men steal champagne and wine
•from’thc towns through which they pass, and, in the madness
engendered by their booty, assault women and murder
children. Many owe their capture to being too drunk to
escape v hen British and French soldiers arrived on the scene.
These pictures show Russian soldiers as a German
cartoonist imagines them, and German officers as they'
really are.
The picture on the left is one of the few German war
cartoons that arc not too gross to publish here—a supposed
representation of the Russian A-rnty mobilising, first forti¬
fying itself with prodigious quantities of vodka.
On the right is a photograph taken at Peronne. A gang
of German officers, all “more than half-drunk,” seized the
photographer and forced him to take their portraits, with
this result. Note the child’s gun and a flower-pot held
by one and the bottle of champagne held by another.
'J'h: IFur 'Jllhs'rattd, lOtli October, 1914.
Pa ?e 172
With the Gallant Turcos Fighting for France
A company of Turcos, each with his 801b. odd weight of equipment, marching after the
retreating Germans when they had left their advance line on the Marne.
TIIE Turcos are French
Algerian troops, and must
not he confounded with the
Zouaves. The former are
native Algerians, while the
latter arc Frenchmen of an
adventurous spirit, Who serve
in Algeria . and have a semi-
Moorish uniform. In former
years France’s Algerian troops
of both French and Algerian
birth composed the Zouaves';
but about the middle of last
century it was decided to con¬
stitute them as separate . regi¬
ments, and the natives were
formed into the Turcos, while the
Zouaves became European en¬
tirely. lire Turcos are terrible
lighters, and come of a fighting
stock. They arc proud of the
honour of taking the field
alongside white soldiers.
A Turco bathing his wound by a wayside
farm in France.
This wounded Turco is riding back to the
base to get fit for another fight.
A party of Turco sharpshooters using a baggage-waggon for cover as they take aim
at an advancing group of Uhlan scouts.
This shows the peculiar head dress and
uniform of our Turco allies.
/
Indian
The Win- Ilhtxlnitril, 10t]i October. 1914.
Contingent Reaches the Seat of War
keen, and fit, these Indian troops, who are here seen in the transport that carried them to Marseilles, disembarked eager
for the smell of powder and were not long before they were bearing their part in the hard fighting in Northern France.
“The arrival of our Indian Regiments was as full of interest for them as it was for the spectators of their disembarkation who
thronged to-- see the flower of our eastern army come to their help. The first contingent arrived in Marseilles on September 25.
The alertness and soldierly bearing of the Indian corvt’mgent excited the intense admiration of the French populace as they marched
through the city of Marseilles -after their long voyage to the colder land where their arms are helping the cause of the Allies.
Tlit War Illustrated , 10 th October. 1914 .
Our Motor Heroes who Fight by Land, Sea or Air
On September iGth Commander Samson, with a smalt
armonred motor-car, killed four Uhlans and captured
another. Commander Samson is
naval aviator. He took his pilot’s
certificate in April, 1911, and
made the first successful flight
from a British man-of-war.
There are a number of British
armoured cars at the front, and
obliterating small parties of German cavalry. The horse*,
men stand no chance against these swiftly-moving and
the best known British well-protected engines of war, unless they vault hedges,
and ditches and take to the
woods, where, naturally, the
motor-cars cannot follow. In
the matter of putting an end to
the sneaking services of German
spies they arc also useful.
Ready for that new and intensely exhilarating sport—Uhlan
chasing. A British armoured motor-car that has worked havoc
amongst hostile horsemen in Northern France. It is attached
to the Royal Naval Flying Corps.
Lieut. IVIarix, of the R.N.F.C., passing through Termonde
after an affray with Germans at Labbeke. IVIounted on bicycles,
those who weren’t killed left their machines and hid in the
woods.
Commander Samson, the short man in the centre, is a hero olr
earth, air, and water. Uhlans display great courage when
facing unarmed peasants, but they bolt like rabbits when his
armoured car approaches.
Page 175
The War Illustrat'd, lOtli October, 1014.
Land Exploit by Britain’s Daring Airmen
Commander Samson, the best known of our naval airmen, has
added to his renown by a dashing exploit. On September 16th,
near Doullens, 17 miles north of Amiens, he went out with a small
armoured motor-car force and encountered a patrol of five Uhlans.
He killed four of them and the fifth was wounded and captured.
The British party suffered no injury. Commander Samson was
the airman who,- three years before, flew over the German
Emperor’s yacht when it arrived in the Medway. On that occasion
the Kaiser admired his daring, and Commander Samson
is evidently determined to continue to merit his admiration.
Page 170
The 11 'fir Illustrated, lCtli October, 1914.
A Belgian armoured motor-car that has made sorties from Antwerp and put marauding Germans to flight. The driver is well
protected, and at the back of the car is a revolving turret which permits a machine-gun to fire in any direction.
The fortifications of Antwerp are sixty miles in circumference, and it is estimated that the city requires 100,000 men to defend it
and twice that amount to invest it. A Belgian regiment is here shown in a trench at the extreme edge of the fortifications.
This is the type of gun that helped to'batter Liege, Namur, and IVIaubeuge into submission. It is here shown in the hands of
Austrians, who have come to try its effect against the howitzers of Antwerp. Our soldiers have nicknamed its shells ‘‘Jack John¬
sons,” because of their black smoke.
Page 177
War JHuulrutcd, lUlli Octolx
1914.
Our Handy Men Among Friends and Allies
k A group of survivors from the ill-fated cruisers Aboukir, Cressy, and Hogue. The sailors were landed at Ymuiden, Holland, by the Dutch
steamship Flora, and are here shown attired in borrowed uniforms, with interested spectators and Red Cross nurse3 in the background.
ABOUT three hundred survivors ot the
torpedoed cruisers Aboukir, Hogue,
and Cressy were rescued by Dutch vessels
and taken to Ymuiden, 1 lolland. Some had
been in tire water for an hour or more, and
were naked when rescued. They were
treated with great generosity by the Dutch
people, who lodged them in hotels and gave
them the clothes of Dutch sailors to wear.
It was at first thought that the men might
be interned, and thus be unable to take
further part in the war, but the Hague
Peace Conference of 1907 laid down a special
rule on this point. Only if the conflict had
taken place inside Dutch territorial waters
would the Dutch have been authorised to
intern the survivors. The light-heartcdness
of the British sailors quite fascinated the.
phlegmatic Dutchmen. Our seamen, far
from being disturbed by the disaster
that had befallen them, were all eager to
take vengeance on the German fleet.
ups take the metal, ornaments from their uniforms as souvenirs, and tne
youngsters naturally follow their example-
“ We’ll stick together through thick and thin !” British Marine Light Infantry
shaking hands with French soldiers and a sailor at a French seaside town.
the cloth caps provided by the Dutch
authorities at Ymuiden.
The ll’ffr Illustrated, .10th October, 1914.
Page 178
Some Notable Personalities in the War
Brigadier-General C. M. Dobell, D.S.O.,
commanding Anglo-French forces in the
German West African Colony of Cameroon.
The Hon. Louis Botha, Premier of South
Africa, in supreme command of the oper¬
ations against German South-West Africa.
Colonel Sam Hughes resigned his post
of Minister of Canadian Militia to go to
the front with the Canadian contingent.
T t 1 ® Kaiser in conversation with Prince Halm-Horstmar outside the new Palace at Potsdam. On the left is tho Crown Princess
with her eldest son, Prince Wilhelm of Prussia. This photograph was taken after the declaration of war, and has been circulated
in Germany as a “ war postcard.”
H.H. Prince Maurice of Battenbcrg
6erving with the King’s Royal Rifles, had
a German bullet pass through his cap.
Lord Stanley, the nineteen-year-old heirof
Lord Derby, who, with a handful of cavalry,
captured 109 German officers and men.
H.H. Prince Leopold of Battenberg, left a
bed of sickness to proceed tothe front with
his regiment for active service.
Photos by Lafayette, Eassano, Spcaight, Topical, Central Sews, Sport £ General:)
Pago 179
The II 'ar Illustrated, 10th October, 1014.
General Wontners, tho near figure on the right in this photograph, is the brilliant commander of King Albert s field army, who li:
been responsible for the tactical movements that have enabled the brave Belgian soldiers to harass the German invaders so success.ully
since thoy crossed the frontier at Liege on August 3rd. The central figure is his aide-de-camp.
Men and Women in
War’s
Searchlight
before
her
for
marriage, Princess Ingeborg of Denmark, at work
the Red Cross. She is third from the left.
relieved of command of Aus¬
tria's forces in Galicia.
M. Turpin, who invented melinite, lyddite and
the newest explosive, “ turpinite,’’ which
gives off life-destroying gases.
Mr. Albert Dougherty, chief gunner of
H.M.S. Cressy.who claims to have de¬
stroyed a German submarine.
The Agha Khan, spiritual head
of millions of Mohammedans,
wishes to serve as a private.
“ F. E.,” otherwise Mr. F. E. Smith,
M.P., who resigned his position at the
Official Press Bureau to go to the front.
'flu II'.;,■ llhislivied, lOih October, 1914.
How French Infantry Crossed the River Aisne
On Sunday, September 13th, the British army succeeded in
crossing the River Aisne, despite heavy opposition from German
howitzers and machine-guns. At Soissons, on the British left,
the persistency and accuracy of the hostile artillery prevented
the French force buildinga pontoon bridge across the river. A large
number of French infantry, however, made a perilous crossing, in
single file, on the top of one girder of the railway bridge that
was left standing. Shells burst above them, bullets whistled past,
and those who were unhappily struck, toppled into the flowing water
beneath with small hope of rescue. But the majority crossed.
The War Illustrated , 10th October, 1914.
German Appreciation of French Art Treasures
In Sir John French’s official despatch of September 15th, he
confirmed the reports of wanton pillage and destruction by
German troops. Beautiful French chateaux have been the scenes
of drunken debauchery. Amid priceless gems of fine canvases,
tapestries, and objects d’art the drunken Prussians let their
brute natures find full scope. The hogs revelled in the treasures
they could not appreciate, and took a fiendish delight in making
ruins of historic and treasured heirlooms. The German Crown
Prince himself pillaged a chateau near Champaubert, taking
jewels and medals.and destroying pictures of the Tsarand Tsarina.
Kow Twelve Heroes of the Royal Engineers Checked the German Advance
1
i age
182
Illusirutcil
10tn October, 1914.
The 11 in
Page 136
The War Illustrated, 10th October, 1914.
Railways Canals *
Roads. . — e —■.! Forts . ♦
Batteries & Redoubts r\ /v
Statute Miles
ENTfN
Vermins
Kilometres
Ribemont
Esaigny
■42ri$$ery-le>
fienan 8 arto\
I
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ismes,
IVlap to illustrate the region of the greatest battle in history, fought along the Rivers Aisne, Oise, and Somme.
A PEN-PICTURE FROM THE LONG-DRAWN BATTLE OF THE AISNE
Expressly written For R„ & f; U AI p C
The War Illustrated °Y V - r ‘ E»rtlvL,0
T HE.; modem ...fettle is something totally different from
any in the old days—even from a generation ago. It
lias developed into a series of entrenched engagements
and approximates to siege operations, where each side
holds its defences stubbornly, ready to attack as the
opportunity offers. And this description of a battle
might well be written about two-store different scenes
of the greflt Battle of the Rivers, that wceks’-long struggle
of Titans that beat all world war records, and counted
the losses by hundreds of thousands.
All night long the big guns had been smashing away
from both armies without ceasing, and in the morning
the devil’s tattoo was increased from the enemy’s lines;
but no sign was made that this day was not to be as the
.lays that had preceded it. As the sun came up and
lifted the mists that had shrouded the hills like a vast
grey curtain, the warm light flashed on a sea of bayonets.
The Kaiser’s legions were in motion. They came as they
always came, like fields of growing grain pushed forward,
boat brushing coat, knee rasping against knee, shoulder to
shoulder, like a Zulu impi debouching for a charge. In
between the gaps that separated the packed brigades of
infantry, the cavalry deployed. Their big guns dotted
their front; their quick-firers were scattered everywhere
along their living line. Standards hung limply in the
scarce-moving "air. No bugle spoke, no throbbing drums
quickened the pulse. Staff officers rode in little detached
groups, companv and regimental officers with their men.
Now and again an orderly officer, sitting bolt upright as
if he had breakfasted on steel filings, spurred his way along
the lines
There was nothing storm-like about the early stages
of this attack. The foe advanced like the swell of the
Zuyder Zee when it licks the topmost edges of the Dutch¬
men’s dykes and rolls over meadow, mill, and farm—a
silent, devastating force.
The Fiery French
As the sun lifted, and the bared bayonets of the advanc¬
ing foe came into view, the red caps ” leapt to life. The
guns were flung forward into the open, the big batteries
behind the trenches depressed their muzzles and left the
entrenchments of the enemy oil the hills to take care of
themselves. Shells that were like miniature torpedoes
sped towards the heaped-up foemcn, bursting just above or
among them. The red-capped infantry swung out, the
irrepressible Zouaves going forward at the trot, grinning
and joking as they ran, their lean fingers upon their enor¬
mously long bayonets.
They are Irishmen dyed brown and made small, these
Zouaves, and to them a bayonet charge is a hundred
beanfeasts and a breakfast rolled into one.
i
The U’rtr Illustrated, 10th October, 1914.
Page 184
Other regiments, of the line swung out in fine, soldierly
style at the quick step that dev ours space. The cavalry,
carefully screened until wanted, lay snug-in the gaps of
hills, each man standing by his charger, ready to leap to
the leather at the first resonant sound of the bugle
The German Onset
They laugh and toss jests and unbarbed jibes at one
another in all the freedom of long-established camaraderie,
but the muscles of their lean faces send their teeth
together with a clip .like the edges of a rat-trap meeting,
and their black eyes sparkle like diamonds dipped in
dew.
Out from the on-moving multitude of Germanic power
bursts their field artillery. They arc good and game. They
are riding a race with death, and they ride well.
The sluggish moving infantry breaks into a kind of heavy
run. They know what they are up against, poor devils !
And there is no “ ginger ” in the swing of their onset.
They will do better by-and-by when the battle madness
is on them.
Worthy . of. a better cause and a better Kaiser. The
cavalry surges forward to break the groun 1 for the
infantry, and give them time to come up before the shell
fire shatters them.
They have far to travel, and death, many winged, goes
to meet them. The Zouaves stand still, close up and volley.
Bold riders in the front ranks of the oncoming cavalry
pitch over their horses’ heads or grip at floating manes,
and miss and slide down, and to them, poor wretches,
who will never feel the gladsome spring of horseflesh again,
the brown earth seems to leap up. Again and again the
Zouaves volley. The cavalry is upon them. They stand
like stone, the first rank almost on the knee, long] deadlv
bayonets pointing upwards and outwards, the second
rank crouching with bayonets ready to take the front
rank’s place should lance points reach home, the rear ranks
volleying, eternally volleying, not wildly but rhythmically,
as if the men were machine made.
The impact is awful. The front line of German horse,
hurled on by the weight of numbers pressing behind, crashes
into the bayonets. The smitten chargers rear and squeal
in their death agony, striking out with lore hoofs as they
wheel and plunge : tire men who are left sit glued to their
saddles and thrust ; the lance points go home.
The first line of Zouaves is down ; the second steps over
their dead bodies, bracing their feet to the earth, fearing
neither man nor devil, bent only on keeping the living line
intact. They meet the steel of that ever-pressing mass,
and fall where their comrades fell. The third line is the
front line now ; the men behind them volley, they hold
the bayonet still and steady.
The Ref-Cap Riders
Like unleashed hounds the French cavalry come to the
rescue of the dauntless Zouaves. They ride as if racing ;
every spur is. red, every charger is straining on the bit.
They catch the halted German cavalry, on the flank, and
go through them like hounds through a hedge. They break
them, scatter them, cut them down, and wheel out of the
line of fire.
The French infantry fall back, their work is done, and
grandly done ; they leave their wounded to*thc stretcher-
bearers, their dead to the God of Battles.
The Trenches Speak
The German infantry has reached the zone of rifle fire.
They break into a run, trusting to the weight of their
numbers to carry them over the trenches if they ever reach
them. The spot they touch has been measured ; there
is scarce a sign of life in the trenches, the infantry arc lying
still, sighting their rifles ; they have the distance to a
yard, and this living wall surging toward them is doomed.
The dumb trenches speak, seventy-five thousand rifles
roar as one; the German lines stop like an earthquake
bridled. Again that rain of leaden eloquence snarling
death ! The Germans totter, reel, give way, and go rush¬
ing back whence they came—some of them.
ft Brim photograph trom the scene of the world’s biggest battle. Three Germans who were shot dead at the foot of a bridge over
the Aisne while making an attack, and lie, stark and cold, on the saturated pavement.
/
Pi-go 185
The War Illustrated, 10th October, 1314.
The Shameful Ruins
THE German artillery tired upon Rlieims Cathedral in
wanton deliberation. It was not an accident. Other
tall buildings in the vicinity bear no trace of shell fire.
On Saturday morning, September 19th, a German battery
on the hill of Nogent L’Abbcsrc, four miles east of Rheims,
opened the attack on the great Gothic pile. Shell after
shell smashed its way into the old masonry. Avalanche
of Rheims Cathedral
after avalanche of Stonework that had survived the storms
of centuries thundered down into the street. Soon tongues
of flame leapt up the towers, and blazing pieces of carved
woodwork dropped on to the floor, which was covered with
great piles of straw for the use of German wounded. Then,
from flic yawning roof, a red glare poured into the sky. and
the Westminster Abbey of France became a blackened shell.
A portion of the exquisite west facade of Rheims Cathedral, showing the irreparable damage done to many of the five hundred
figures of Biblical and French history by the Qerman shells. The inset picture shows plainly the top of the arch depicted in the larger
photograph. Germany's infamous shells have blown off the arms of Christ on the Cross and battered other figures out of recognition.
The W’ar Illustrated, 10th October, 1914.
Page 186
Touching Scenes from the Battlefields of France
Rheims Cathedral was turned into a Red Cross hospital for German wounded, and the Geneva flag floated above it, yet the
Germans spared it not. This photograph shows wounded French soldiers limping from Rheims during the bombardment.
A thoughtful Frenchman pays tribute to the brave men who
fell at Tournai on August 24th. Rifles, bayonets, and a bugle
decorate the cross which denotes their last resting-place.
A typical instance of French bravery in the trenches. A sharp¬
shooter exacts from the enemy vengeance for the wound his
comrade has received. Note the thick straw in the trench.
A country road in Northern France littered with the remains of a German convoy which was attacked by a battery of French field
guns and completely destroyed. What the actual explosions failed to achieve was accomplished by the ensuing fire.
Tin: War Illustrated, 10th October, 1914.
The German hordes were as ruthles9 in France as they were in Infantry is marching. The little village was swept by German
Belgium, as will be seen by this photograph of the French village shells, and many picturesque cottages, fine subjects for an artist’s
of Soisey-aux-Bois, through which this company of French camera, are now roofless, with hideous cracks across their walls.
Page 187
French Troops March to the Battle of the Rivers
The French cavalry have shown all the dash with which history
credits them in earlier wars, and they have proved themselves,
man for man to be more than a> match for the much-vaunted Uhfans
of the German Kaiser. Like their comrades in arms, the British
cavalry, they sweep through the Prussian horsemen as through
brown paper every time they meet them under equal conditions.
The IJ’ar Illustrated, 10th October, 1014. * Pago 188
Belgium’s Dauntless Stand for Freedom.
These Belgians are in a field of beets, preparing machine-guns to meet the attack of some Germans whom their scouts report to
have seen approaching. Their indomitable spirit goes a long way to compensate for the paucity of their numbers.
Belgians in the bend of a main road near Malines ready for some Uhlans who were
expected when the photograph was taken.
One of the deserted villages of Belgium where
hastily improvised cover ha3 been erected.
IG9
1I,l War Illustrated, lOtli October, 1914.
»
Pago
Swift Justice to Spies
Fate of “Franc-tireurs”
, morning scene in Termonde, when a German spy, detected at his treacherous work, met a merited death amid the scenes of
havoc that his military masters had wrought in one of Belgium’s industrious towns. The extent of the German spy system was a
• evelation to the Allies and the world when its ramifications came to be known. A typical trick is for a German spy to take an
apa: tnent in the top storey of a high building and signal to his employers with lights.
Franc-tireurs ” are irregular combatants who carry arms but do not wear uniforms. The Germans refuse to recognise them as
soldiers, and treat them a9 non-combatants caught with arm9, leading them out to be shot—as shown above—without the form of trial
even'by court-martial. During the present war hundreds—perhaps thousands—of “ franc-tireurs ” have been placed with their back*
against a wall and have met death in front of German rifle-barrels.
The War Illustrated. lOtli October, 1914.
Page 190
Roll of Honour: Killed on Land and Lost at Sea
Lt.-Col. A. GRANJT-DUFF,
C.B., Black Watch.
Lieut. H. J. C. GILMOUR,
Worcester Regiment.
Capt. R. H. OLIVIER. D ike
of Cornwall's L.I.
Lieut. J. L. HUGGAN,
R.A.M.C.
Capt. D. S. GILXINSON,
Scottish Rifles.
Lieut. R. G. B. PERKINS,
Royal Berkshire Regiment.
Lieut, the Hon. H. L. PEL¬
HAM, Royal Sussex Regt.
Second - Lieut. R. C. ff. •
POWELL, Highland L.I.
Capt. C. A. de G. DAL-
, GLISH, Black Watch.
Lieut. G. R. FENTON, Con¬
naught Rangers.
Sec.-Lieut. P. C. GIRARDOT,
Oxford and Bucks L.I.
Sec.-Lt. J. A. H. FERGU¬
SON, Highland L.I.
Capt. Clifford FIELD.
H.M.S. Aboukir.
Sec.-Lieut. B. McGUIRE,
Royal Dublin Fusiliers.
Lt.-Commander H. E. de P.
RENNICK, H.M.S. Hogue.
Lt.-Com. E. T. FAVELL,
H.M.S. Pathfinder.
Sec.-Lieut. G. S. AMOS,
K.O. Scottish Borderers.
Sec.-Lieut. A. G. B. CHIT¬
TENDEN, Manchester Regt.
.-Com. BERNARD M.
HARVEY, H.M.S. Cressy.
Lt-Commander W. B. W.
GRUBB, H.M.S. Cressy.
Lt.-Com. E. P. GABBETT.
H.M.S. Cressy.
Lieutenant P. A. G. KELL.
H.M.S. Cressy.
(Ph otos l'ii Gal
Pvlil0.ll,
XI rxxv kk 1J W
H.M.S. Aboukir
H.M.S. Aboukir
ilexth, &i)ort it 1 Generali iAifayette , i.rsZeU «(.• Soak.)
U. the Hon L. F. SCAR¬
LETT. Submarine AE1.
Page 191
7In
ur llluslral<\l t 10di October, 1914.
German Military Prisoners at Work in England
A t -t HOUGH the German prisoners
.of ivar in Britain have not lost
any of their privileges, they arc being
treated a trifle more rigorously. They
are, for instance, made to collect their
own firewood, instead of having it
brought to them ! Germans and Aus¬
trians who have been interned at
Newbury racecourse have a supremely
happy time. They make a point of
showing off tlieir accomplishments to.
visitors—singing, dancing, and per¬
forming acrobatic feats.
The athletes can be seen building up
a pyramid, the topmost man chanting-.
Deutschland fiber alles,” the German
national cry. . A man -with a mouth-
organ plays Strauss waltzes whilst.his
companions dance. Attempts are made
to win the vistors' sympathies by
singing “ Tipperary,” but the accent is
too pronounced.
A prehistoric animal, something like
a camel, parades the compound, fol¬
lowed by a female figure described as
Mils. Pankhurst, the conductor shouting
” Votes for Vimmen.”
Aldershot, in a motor-van loaded with timber for their camp fires.
So that detention shall not prey upon their minds, light occupation has been found for some of the German prisoners encamped at
Camberley, near Aldershot. They have been educated up to collecting their own firewood, and are here shown walking back to camo.
Collecting the logs. One of the prisoners is possessed of enormous strength ; although a small man. he can shoulder a huge log and
smile about it. The timber is used for cooking and heating purposes in the detention camp.
The IFar Illustrated, 10th October, 1914.
Page 192
HOW THE WAR
WAGES:
THE STORY OF THE
GREAT CONFLICT
TOLD WEEK BY WEEK
The Strategy of Lf're
r |"'HE genius of General Joffre lias been finely displayed
in the battles along the Aisne. Finding the enemy
in a terribly strong fortified position, the commander of
the Allies -wasted no men in great frontal attacks against
siege artillery and machine-guns. He turned the tables on
the German commander, and compelled the enemy to quit
their natural fortress and come out and be shot.
Day and night, in the last week of September, the
outmanoeuvred Germans sallied forth in dim, grey masses
towards the British and French entrenchments. '1 here
they were shelled and shrapnelled and shot in tens of
thousands, till their dead and wounded strewed the
autumnal landscape. The wisdom of the French Military
Staff in retaining bright-coloured trousers for their infantry¬
men was again manifested, and the disadvantage of the
invisible uniforms of both the British and German troops
w as shown by deadly experience.
’ * * *
QL R men did not suffer, as it was their comrades-in-
arms—the FTench—who alone had the whip-lirnd.
lhc French gunners were the masters in all the davlight
battles, they spied the progress of their infantry by means
of the red-striped trousers, and kept up a deadly fire on
the advancing or retreating enemy. -In the meantime the
German artillery, losing sight of their invisiblv-clad
infantrymen, ceased firing for fear of hitting their own
distant troops. So the little French 3 in. gun ruled the
battlefield. All that the French infantryman lost by his
trousers was recovered twcntv-fold by his artillerv
S'upports.
* * *
The War of the Wings
T HE rcason "by the Germans along their centre had
to waste their strength and then lose the advantage
of their position by a continued scries of wild, fierce sorties
against the Franco-British trenches, is found in a distant
P.art of the battlefield. By September 23th a great cn-
ciicling movement of the left French w-ing was in progress.
At the town of St. Quentin there was a violent struggle
between the northernmost French armjes and a large
German force that had hurriedly been brought by train
from Lorraine and the Vosges.
General Joffre was proceeding against General Kluck
as Kluck had tried to proceed against the British Expe¬
ditionary Force 111 the same region, after the retreat from
Mons. A ring of steel was being riveted round the
1C1 mans. Lach side flung trainloads of fresh troops on
the opposing flank, in order to lengthen and strengthen
the line and enable it to make the fatal hook round the
enemy, and then advance and roll up his entire battle-
front.
]A the meantime, botli commandeis-in-ehicf wanted to
test the hostile centre, to sec if it had been weakened
in extending the wing, and if so to break it. But loffrc’s
guP " as so strong on the wing that he remained passive in
the centre. J hat was w hy the Germans had vainly to
saciificc themselves in tens of thousands on the Aisne in
an attempt to break the Franco-British front. Menaced
on the western flank, repulsed in the centre, they tried to
force a path through the line of French forts on’ the east
fut they were not in sufficient strength, and were hurled
far back from their original position. By October 1st
everything seemed to show that tin' Allies were winning
ground at the critical point. 0
* * *
The Unremitting P.ojrcs; of Britiih Forces
A T t’T thc influence of the- British reinforcements
1 P°int around St. Quentin was admitted
by General Ixluck, and Berlin was warned that a retire-
win" m ncc V css ? r >’- Pne of thc German left
1 ia c”, iat had been facing westward for some weeks was at
fast bent back in incessant, violent attacks bv thc allied
direction and COmpclled t0 re *nn in a north-westerly
K u : CIv flung his troops in masses against thc envelop¬
ing line of advancing Allies ; but his heavy siege
artillery, throwing its terrible shells from inaccessible
platforms far in thc rear of the struggle, was no longer the
dominating factor oii the battlefield. As in the South
African War, when our ordinary batteries were outranged
by thc Boer “ I.ong Toms,” the Navy came to thc assist¬
ance of the Army. By the close of September extremely
powerful naval guns had been hauled across France and
placed behind the allied firing-line, and thus the balance
in heavy armament was turned against the invaders.
* * *
The Attack cn Antwerp
way of obtaining some compensation for their
unexpected reverses in France and Russia, the
Germans, in the last week of September, brought a large
number of their heavy siege-guns through Belgium, pre¬
paratory to an attempt to conquer and annex the entire
Belgian territory. Some achievement had to be accom¬
plished to hearten the Berlin mob and intimidate thc
British nation, lhc capture of thc entire coast-line and
ports of heroic Belgium seemed the easiest work of this
kind. So it was begun by an attack on Antwerp, where
the Belgian army was in force.
* s *
PER a terrible bombardment, the unfortified cathe¬
dral town of Malincs was occupied by' thc Germans
under cover of night on Sunday, September 27th. 'ike
ne-xt day three of thc outer ring of thc Antwerp forts,
Waelhclm, Wavrc, and St. Catherine, were shelled by' the
enemy's siego-guns. 'the fine Belgian army of 120,000
men occupied thc entrenchments between the forts, and
beat back a series of fierce attacks along thc Scheldt. By
October 1 st, Antwerp was invested, and the forts were
subjected to an incessant bombardment from dawn to
sunset, but thc German infantry attack was routed.
* * *
The Battle for the Niemen
O x , Monday, September 28th, eight hundred thousand
Germans, under General llindcnbcrg, gathered over
lhc border of East Prussia, round the town of Suwalki.
Forests, swamps, and lakes protected them to the south,
and to thc north a thickly wooded plain was held by their
outposts, 'lhc aim of llindcnbcrg was to force the river
passages of thc Niemcn in front of him, and thus cut some
of thc Russian communications.
On the coast of Cburland a fleet of German cruisers and
transport:; were waiting to land another army of invasion
on Russian soil. But this could not be safely done until
the passage of the Niemcn, far to thc south-west, was
forced. On thc river the Russian position was strengthened
by thc resistance of thc temporary fortress at Osowiec
and on September 29th thc Russians, instead of actin'' on
the defensive, attacked amid thc marshes and kikes south
of Suwalki. After stubborn fighting two positions on the
German front of one hundred miles were captured bv our
allies, who drove the enemy's troops a day's nmrch’back
to Prussia. Haifa German corps was killed or wounded
* * *
The Russian Advance in Austria
J\/JE.ANWIilLE, Galicia was swept clean of Austrians
the last remnant of their troops having sought refuge
amid the fastnesses of the snow-crowned Carpathians,
lhc main military force of Austria-Hungary, together with
ihrcc German army corps that had shared their defeat and
rout, were being pursued to Cracow. At the same time
two columns ol the immense victorious Russian army of
lhc soiith swept over the Carpathians and broke a
Hungarian force on thc river Ung, capturing its guns and
oLOl cs.
They descended, on September 30th, into the plains of
Hungary on thc road to Buda-Pcsth and Vienna. ] the
beginning of October it looked as though Austria' and
Hungary had fallen apart, through the terrific blow de¬
livered at their combined forces of a million men in Poland
and Galicia.
on German Trade
WAR
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‘■ Legitimate, lionest business famines in a scone cf Uifferent branches
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“ With enterprise and coinage this call easily lie 'fare. The
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The War Illustrated, 10 th October, 1914 .
OUR DIARY OF THE WAR.
(For our Diary of Events in the Great War prior to September 10 th,
set* t; The War Illustrated,” No. 5, September 19th', pages ii. and iii.
of cover.)
Sept. 10-14.— German cruiser Eradcn captures six British ships in
Bay of Bengal*
Sept. ii.—A llies reported to have advanced 37A miles in four days.
Sept, 12.—Allies capture 6,000 prisoners and 160 guns. French
retake Luneviile.
Enemy found to be occupying very formidable position on north
of'the Aisne, and holding both sides of the river at Soissons.
Hamburg-Amerika liner Spreewald captured by H.M.S. Berwick.
German wireless station at Hcrbertshohe (Pacific) taken by
Australian Navy.
Sept. 13. —'German cruiser Hela sunk by British submarine Eg.
Sept. 14.—British auxiliary cruiser Carmania sinks the Cap Trafalgar
off East Coast of South America.
H.M. gunboat Dwarf attacked by German steamer on Cameroon
River ; steamer captured.
Resignation of General Beyers, Commandant-General of South
African Defence Force.
Sept. 15. —China allows Japanese to land near Kiac-chau.
Sept. 16.—General Deiarey shot by accident whilst motoring at
Johannesburg.
Bombs from Japanese aeroplanes dropped on German ships in •
Kiao-chau Bay.
H.M. gunboat Dwarf rammed by German merchant ship
Nichtingall, which was wrecked.
Commander Samson, with force attached to Naval Hying
Corps, scatters a Uhlan patrol near Doullens.
Sept. 17.—Lord Kitchener announces that rather more than six
regular divisions /each 18,600 strong) and two cavalry divisions
(each 10,000 strong) of British troops are in the fighting-line ;
and expresses the hope that the new army of 500,000 men will
be ready to take the field next spring.
.Germans again bombard Termondc, and arc repulsed by
Belgians.
Grand Duke Nicholas, in a Proclamation to the peoples < f
Austria-Hungary, declares Russia seeks nothing except establish¬
ment of truth and justice.
In Tavorovo district Russians capture transport columns of
two army corps, 30 guns,* 5,000 prisoners, and enormous quantities
of war material.
It is reported that German ships in the Baltic have fired on each
other, this in explanation of the reported arrival, at Kiel of destroyers
and torpedo-boats in a damaged .condition.
German force attacks Nakob (South Africa).
Sept. 18. — Parliament prorogued. National Anthem sung in the House
of Commons.
Russians occupy Sandomir.* •
Sept. jo. —Rheims Cathedral shelled by German artillery.
German vessels reported sunk in Victoria Nyanza.
S::pt. 20.—Loss of Submarine AEi reported from Melbourne.
H.M.S. Pegasus attacked and disabled by the .German, cruiv r
Koenigsberg whilst refitting in Zanzibar Harbour.
Sept. 21.T— Serbs and Montenegrins reported to be attacking Serajevo.
Recall of Rear-Admiral Troubridge announced.
Russians carry Jarcslav by assault.
Sept. 22.—British cruisers, Aboukir, Hogue,-and Tressy. torpedoed by
submarines in North Sea. Loss of 60 officers and 1.319 men.
German cruiser JEmden sheila oil tanks at Madras.
General Botha takes the field as Commander-in-Chicf.
Sept. 23. —British naval airmen fly over Cologne and Dusscldorf
Bombs dropped on Zeppelin sheds at Dusscldorf.
British force landed near Lacshan Bay.
Sept. 24.— Allies occupy Percnnc.
Attempt to wreck Dover ex press* at Hither Green.
German aircraft drop bombs on Boulogne and Ostend.
.Sept. 25.—Australian forces announce their eccupation of seat of
government of Kaiser Wilhelm’s Land (German New Guinea).
Sept. 26. —Russians-establish their pc sition on the railway to Cracow.
German raid on Waifisb Bay. Indian troops at Marseilles.
Sept. *27.—Initial success of South African force under General Botha.
German aeroplane drops bombs on Paris.
Sept, 28. —Admiralty statement of losses in shipping since outbreak of
war: German, 1,140,000 tons (387 ships) ; British, 229,000 tens
(86 ships).
Sept. 29.—Germans bombard Antwerp’s first line of defence.
Serbians recapture Semlin, first taken by them on Sept. 11.
Emden reported to have sunk, four more British steamships and
captured a collier in the Indian Ocean.
Sept. 30. —French reported to have advanced to the east of St. Mihiel,
between Verdun and Toul.
O CT , 4,—Admiralty reports that H.M.S. Cumberland captured nine
German merchant vessels (total tonnage, 30,915) and the gunboat
Soden off the Cameroon River (West Africa)..
'1 hirty-five Prussian casualty lists published to date she \v a total
of 90,000 killed, wounded, and missing (including about i,cco
officers killed and 2,000 wounded).
The War Illustrated,
iolh October, 1914.
y The Best and Cheapest
'bum of the War
is to be obtained by keeping and
binding the weekly numbers of
-■ The War Illustrated ” - - I
A specially designed and regis¬
tered binding-case, in rich
dark-red cloth with a beautiful
blocked design, has been pre¬
pared, arid will be on sale in
the near future. In spite of the
great increase in prices of all
binding materials, the publishers
will, by giving the public the
advantage of contracts made
before the war, put this hand¬
some binding-case on the market
at the marvellously low price of
r J he piclure -slrou's a reduced
' fi chi mile of the-weekly
numbers bonnet hi'o
a ft midsome
• volume.
and the actual work of binding
the weekly numbers in the case
can be done locally at trifling cost.
Meantime—
— preserve all the weekly
numbers carefully so that
you can make them into
handsome volumes later on.
Reprints of Back Numbers
The demand for back issues has been so enormous
that the publishers were compelled, at very great
expense, to reprint all of the earlier numbers,
thus you can purchase any or all of them to-day,
and so begin to collect what will be a great, .
handsome album of the World’s Greatest War
imw«nd Eubhsned by the Asiai.oamatkd Luk.-s, warns.., the House. F«tn.. R Uun Street. London.
1'ubto.iOU oy uoruon & Hotel. in Austria and Aew Zealandby The' CenWalNe
Montreal in Canada. -/.. . 1 ,ie v.eiarai Ae
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uegisteicd as a nen sDancr, and registered lor the Canadian Magazine 1'ost.
2 he War IUiutraud, 1 ith October, 1914.
Registered at the G.P.O. as a newspaper.
WAR PHOTOS OF LONDON SCOTTISH IN FRANCE
THE DEADLY KNIFE OF THE FEARLESS GURKHA
Nc. 9
Read. for Canadian
Magazine Po t
a
The lVur Illustrated, 11 th October, 1914 .
PLEASE ASSIST US TO MAKE OUR SOLDIERS HAPPY.
What We Are Doing-and What You Can Do
The response of our readers to our appeal fer
the men under fire in the trenches has been
most gratifying. It is not measured only by
the donations acknowledged, of which the third
li>t appears below. There arc hundreds cf
collectors busy all over the kingdom, inviting
their friends to give to the fund, so that there
are at present sonto ^uiulreds "of pounds
already collectea.M'mt ffett in our- hand?.
We are asking for sixpences. ' 1 'v.tv reader
can spare one sixpence at feast. Most can
spare many sixpences.
What docs a sixpence do ?
It delivers into ihe hands of a scInter m
the fighting line two cakes of tobacco and ten
cigarettes—the parcel being worth between
is. and is. 6d. in this country. Sixpence can
do so much because no duty is paid rn the
goods, so that every sixpence goes in tobacco
and cigarettes, none in taxes.
For every live shillings contributed by our
readers we add to the parr: Is sent a onc : shi!lmg
pipe. That is our contribution, er|hal in value
to ouc-fifth of all the nmcv sent up by our
readers. By the time this paper is m your
hands, over one thousand pipes will been their
way to the batik held? from our contribution.
How many sixpences can. you scud ?
How many can you collect ?
How manv soldiers will you make happy .
Every package paid for by a sixpence sent
bv vou’will have your name and address on
it', so that the soldier who gets it will know
whom he has to thank.
Already cases of these smoking-pteasui c gilts
have been sent to: ,
The Wiltshire Regiment
The Durham Light Infantry
The Worcester Regiment
The Cheshire Regiment
The Royal Artillery
The D and E Co.’s 1 st Duke of CcrnwcL o
Light Infantry
Th8 King’s Royal Rifles
The 32nd Royal Field Artillery
The Loyal North Lancashire Regiment
The Devonshire Reg*ment
The 5th Lancers
The 6th Dragoon Guards
and s-me seven thousand soldiers in Ihe
trenches have been made happy with what
they had missed most—“ good English
smokes.”
This picture shows what each soldier gels.
Xow, how many sixpences can you send ?
I low many soldiers will you make happy ?
Please send your postal-orders addressed
to The War Illustrated
“ Something-to-Smoke ” Fund,
The I'leetway House,
London, E.C.
And don’t forget to put your name and address,
so that the. soldier or soldiers whom you
make, happy will know to whom he is indebted
for his present.
If you would like a collecting-sheet so that
vou can get your friends to help yrith sub-
DONATIONS RECEIVED DURING THE THIRD WEEK OF THE FUND
1 donation of £5 5s.-210 presents for
soldiers.
Collected by Mrs. A. Rowell.
1 donation of £5 200 pressnls for
soldiers.
CiBcctcl by Mr. R. C. Poirier.
1 donation of 50s. 103 prs2ent3
far soldiers.
Mrs. A - A!. Turnbull.
1 donation of 47». 6d.- 93 pr3Sents for
soldiers. ,
Per Rev. Geo. A. Coupe (Bodon-by-Bonlaad
War Ftui.l).
3 donations of 20s. 320 presents for
' soldiers.
Mr: Charles \. Bell: Mr. It. W. Clumbers : per
\ ].- Owen <" A few friend, at Doncaster ) :
,!t fiisf BctlHl: Miss 1». Shirley : Mrs. Frank
s, i, w; Messrs.. M. X. * K.Wylic- cAle-ded by
j;>, Vivian A. Tovnx ‘
1 donation of 15s.-30 peasants for
soldiers
C< ledeJ by Miss J. R. Smith.
1 donation of 12s 6d. 23 presents for
soldiers. , .
V<*r Mr. W. Leo Maryland (boys pi Duklv.'ry
WiGonai School).
1 donation of 11s. 6d. = 23 presents for
soldiers.
r ilectej by Miss E. Hnmbktt.
S donations of 10e. 180 presents for soldiers
\,r. I". Crosby: Mr. .(. Hor?fai! : Mrs. JJ. K.
I? : Annie Ellis; Mrs. F.. J - m- :' . 1*1‘.T
( !•! k - Mr. It. 0. Greenlses : Mr. C. Mi.(-hell,
Jim. ’collected by Mr. ltonald H. Archer.
2 donations of 8s. 6d. — 34 presents for
soldiers. .
Mi- ; Lena Brewster (Miss E- Nash, Mis? G.
Smith, and Miss It. S. Bodge.,
2 donations of 8 s. 32 presents for soldiers.
;v r (ones F.iiudv (from tl>e MaS of the Joint
1!< spit «l7 Kcttsrinz); tMr. H. Robinson and Mb?
Etheridge >
1 donation of 7s. 14 presents for soldiers.
I i r Mrs. F. Drown (collection from friends).
2 donations of 6s. 6d. 26 presents for
soldiers.
Mr. Jack Bourne ; Mr. ti. White ami family.
1 denatien of 6s.-12 presents for soldiers.
The Masters sidgwick.
2 donations of Es. 6d. - 22 presents for
soldiers.
Mr Alfred Forties and Master Leslie i-isher;
, « r Mr- A’ K. Par (Boys of .St. Houndsfleld Road
Mliooi, Edmonton).
48 donations of 5s. 480 presents for soldiers.
Air:, arnl Mi?? .Archer ; Mi?s M. UKefco ,
Smyth (aged 1*2). and Elena Smyth (aged 10),
"A Well-Wisher’*; Mr. G. Burslem Doris ;
Mrs. K. B. Harrison: Mrs. Ingham; per .mss
Sweeting ; per Mr. Geo. T. Maehm (the children.
S of canvey Island SAooL Essex ; Miss V
McCarthy ; Mrs. Newman and Mrs. kerne] . ,
M linker; Mr. Charles Prestou; Mr. James A. H.
llennie * Mrs. V. W. Arsofltt; Alice C. Baker
A (5 years); Mr. A. O. Bartholomew; Mr.
Bloomfield : Gladys T. Brewer : Ethel C. Burrows•
G. E. V . : Mrs. O. Fitch: Mr. F. W . Hawkins
Laura Henson ; Miss Hewat : Mi>s | Lawrence
lizzie ami Mary Marsh : Miss Alice Martin : Mr.
Al. • M. Sinclair : Mr. J. S. Soundv : Mrs st iyjru*
anti Miss May White: Mr. J. Watford : Mr. J. I’.
Vo ine: Miss Margot Bingen’-- collection (collected
bv a lirtic girl of 11); K. C. ; Mr. ( has. H. Crone ;
Mis* Ely ; Miss E. Gos. h ; Rev. Herbert W • HaU ;
Miss Winifred Evelyn Jones : Mr. F. Kirbv ; Mrs
1). Lawes : Misses Lomas and -Heywood ; A
St Idier’s Wife”; Mrs. C. Butter; Du-y H.
Hudson; Miss Parker.
6 donations of 4s. 48 presents for soldiers.
Mr. P. T. Andrews ; “Four Taxuncn ; Ethel
Gardner, Agnes Reid. an:l Mr. W. S. Macleod;
Mr Thcs. Thomjjsod ; Miss E litli Barker ; D. G. u.
>:i i Mr. W. Harley.
1 donation of 3s. 6d. —7 present s for
soldiers.
Sylvia and Norman Frisby (age 4 an l 8 years).
8 donations of 3s. -108 presents for soldiers.
Miss T. Anderson : Master Noel Farinas : Mr*.
Ere i Allatson : Master Kenneth Foster (atr ‘ l d) ;
Miss E. Gardiner: Mr. C. J. Lawson: First Class
Girl's i> Ca • ' me Comal School ; Mr.
I* Bicklov. Mrs. A. Bicklev.and Miss Alice Roberts ;
Mbs P. Newman: Isa H. Walker: Florence
Cooper; Friends at 29, Ardenham street. Ayl«s-
b>rv: Mbs K. M. Gandy; Miss Elizabeth Giles;
Mr. And Mrs. K. Jackson: The Maids; Miss
Maggie Pirkis : Miss X. Smith.
42 donations of 2s. 6d.-210 presents for
soldiers.
Mr. C. H. Brereton ; Mr. J. Ca lie ; Miss Emily
Gill; Mrs. H. Greenwood; Miss Jeannic Reid;
Mr. If. W. Taverner; Miss 4. Tooth: Mr. F. <*.
Hansford : Mi- King : Messrs. A. and E. Parkin ;
Mrs. Shocbridge ; Miss Jennie Burnett : Miss
Florence Claxton ; Miss J. Loreman ; Mr. and
Mr?, j. Incrlis; Mr. VV. slmr; J. \\.: Mr. h. h.
Bbiiit; Mr?, lierry ; Per Mr. K. L. Ginn 'Leslie,
ajeel 13, an I Kathleen, age! 11 years): Mrs. s.
H'll- ite ; Mr?. A. Hunter: M:-s Bertha King;
K’nrec Knott: Mr. J. H. Paan: Mr J Kojrland ;
Mrs Weir: Florence M. Mright, MUlicent ltofe,
Miss Emiiv Haves. Miss Ethel M. Green, and Miss
Nellie King: Mr. E. Watson; Mr. M. M. Melvin;
Mis? Mev: Nellie Brown; Mr. Iho-nas
thrrdon ; Mi?, B. Hngl.e-: Mr. V. Mallindjio j
Mr. J.drn Craven : Miss B. Hn!ii|)S ; —Scott ; Ethel
smil Artlnir Smith .
32 donations of 2s. 128 presents for soldiers
Mb? L. Blunn; Mr. John Padley; Mr? and
Mis? M. Pouting ; Miss Nellie AIbnry : K. M. B. :
Misses Harrison and Miss L. Turley ; Sis? rid
Hewlett*; Miss Elsie M. Cooke ; Mrs. M. E. Haste;
Mils Dora Howard and ML?? Emily Thompson ;
■Mr. John S. MK'lean : Mr. P. Ratal; Maud B.
Woolman ; Edith Broadhurst; Mr. B. I. Charles-
wortll ; Oueer Fellow ; A Friend at Ealing ; Mr.
Thos. Hamilton: Mrs. Ada Hi!!?; Mr. Audrey
Hudson ; Miss Florence Hunt; Miss Lily Leitford
and Miss Louie Ashworth; the Xiisses T. and <>.
Meyer; Constance Palin; Charlie and Paul ;
Miss Pearce; Jackv ami Peggy; Miss Emd
Sutherland; Miss Gladys Wells; Mr. L. Arliss;
Mias Gertrude Evans; Messrs. E. and 1*. Glass well.
19 donations of Is. 6d.=S7 presents for
soldiers.
Miss C. A diet t ; Prom Friend* of the >oidiers ;
Mr?. Lewis; Mr. A. E. P. Roberts; Miss:-: L n1J ]y
a-i t Rosa Bo?\velI; Mis? L. Walker: Mr. Charles
\V Brmvn; Mr. Joseph Hummer. Mrs. Hununer,
and Sam Bond . Master T. E. J. Woodcock ; Mrs.
Lunn Mr. A. Walk -r. and Mr. F. Elbott; Miss
Dorothy Andrews; Ann Oninus ; Mrs. Finch;
Mr. W. simples-. .Mr. A. Shepley, and Mr. C.
sheplev: Miss Lucy Smith; Mr. Herbert F.
st m ell; Mr. Arthur Taylor; Mr. J'. Lakm,
Mr. p. Keeley, Mr. A. Butler ; Miss B.
Parkinson.
85 donations of Is. =170 presents for soldiers.
Mr. James Batch ; Miss M. Bowman ; Mr. C.
Hatch: Mr. T. Simpson Jones; Bose Levey;
Miss M. Dew at : Ethel Moseley; Mies Gertie
Benton ' Madge Sellens; Miss V. Townsend and
Master A. Townsend : Mis? S. J. Blackle Ige : Mr.
j. Bower? : Mrs. n. Channer ; Mr. H. Cheetliam :
Mr. J. Clarke and Mi - Ada Hoc-kless ; Miss Ethel
\1. i 'olbnorne ; Mis? Edwards : Mr. B. J. Goodwin t
Mrs. C. H. (Jrrv ; Mr. G. Hick : Mrs. E. II oilier in ;
Mr. J. R. Holloway ; Mr. Andrew Howie and Mr.
William Kelso; Annie Jones: Mr. A. M. Kay;
ML?: K. King: Mi-s Klrwan ; Mary s. Law renson ;
Mr. T. W. ledger ; Mr. John McNeil : Mr. Harold
Merrel! : Dmothv Muddimer: Mis. C. Naylor and
bora Navlor : Frank NuttaH: Jean W. Paton ;
Florence Pn-ssHeld ; Miss Dru-ic Bouse; Miss
Bessie Stedman; sir. Horace Taylor; Mary
Lilian Tavlnr : Mis? V Turnliam ; Mr. V. Viaard ;
Dorothy Western: Mrs. Wight man: Mr. Sam
Donaldson : Mrs. Field : Mr-'. W. Garland ; Hilda
Johnson; Marjorie tjuinn and Mabel Pendry ;
Mr John Smith : Mrs. Tacon, jun.. aud Miss
Tamil : Tavlnr Family ; N-llie Wilkin-o.i: Mr,
John Bimcy : Katie Boulton ; Nesta Boulton ;
tir-'. Sarah Brighonse ; L. C.: Mrs. Clark: Mr.
Charle? smith Dry ; Mr. Bernard Fuller : Mr. s.
Gat land : Dorothea Gold-mi, 1 : Mrs. Gothard ;
Mrs. Hay-hurst; Mr. E. M. 1. Hodges; Mr. H. J.
Livermare; Master Vivian Martin; Miss Eileen
Macoun : Mr. Edward Pickup; Mr. A.Hichardson ;
Mr K T. Savillc and Mr. A. Savilie : Mr. Symons ;
Miss A. Winton : Mr. Ernest Wright; A,Working
- ;irl- Mis? Maude Oia tubers : Mr. J. Davies; Miss
Foster : Mr. John Hateley : Mrs. Adam Hill;
Doris Home: Master Ronald Smith; M;?? L. E.
Theedam ; Miss K. M. Turner.
49 donations of 6d. = 49 presents for soldiers.
Mis? Thirza E. Bowes ; Mis? N. C. Evemden :
Mr William Atkins: Mrs. W. Carter ; MBs Ethel
Houghton ; Mrs. Kitt; Mr. J. Oakley; Francis
Preston (aged )2>; Miss Maggie slater; Stanley
Waifeer (aged 4); Miss 1). Beckingsail; Z. C. ;
J. Dead field (aged 12); Mr. George Fogg. jnn.;
Mr M. Henshaw; Mr. H. J. S. Hilton; Mies
Keates; Miss L. 1 Skipper; Mr?. E. Stabbs;
Mr E Warhurst ; Miss Rose Baiaen ; Mrs. Crane ;
Miss Edith Fuliord; Miss Btauioes Hill; Miss
Hettie I nabs; James lupbs, jun.; Miss May
I nubs ; Mr. F. W. Jones ; Mr. Eric Jordan; W in.
K. Jordan; Mr. H. H. Mann; Mrs. Martin;
Constance Maxwell: Mr. G. K. Miller; Mr. G.
Mitchell; Master Kenneth Mun cy; Master Ian
Murray; Mrs. Porter; Mr. S. 1. Smith; Emily
Be- k ; Mrs. Brown ; Miss Kitty Cbmcey ; Ada
Chaplin; Ethel Search; Miss R. Sheppard; Miss
Edith Short; Mr-. Skini^rL Mrs. Walb; Mr.
J. R. WhippSe. *
«2v-
:
v’oi. ?: A WEEKLY PICTURE-RECORD OF EVENTS BY LAND, SEA AND AIR
\4 ;s
- ■ '
N September 7lh, retreating G rmans attempted to
cross the Petit Morin River, but < ur artillery had the
exact range of the bridge. In despair, the Germans began
to bui'd a pontoon bridge. Our men waited until it was
nearly completed and then opened fire. An officer in
charge of infantry waiting to attack called out, “That’s done
it, the pontoons are smashed.” Every time the bridge was
built it was des'.roved, until darkness descended.
SMASHING A GERMAN PONTOON BRIDGE ACROSS THE PETIT MORIN RIVER
The War Illustrated , lltli October , 1914.
Page 194
THE GREAT EPISODES OF THE WAR
VI.—The First Historic Battle of the Rivers
O N Sedan Day, September 2nd, the triumphant invaders
of France prepared the great stroke which should
smash a million French soldiers and leave Pans
at the meicy of the Krupp and Austrian howitzers. General
Ivluck had reached Scnlis, about one dav’s march from the
French capital, but, contrary to general expectation, he
then swerved to the south-west, and passed a few miles
from the great fortress city, striking below it at the centre
of the retiring French army.
It was a wonderfully daring movement, more like a
stroke by Napoleon than a forceful obvious manoeuvre
in the Moltke manner. As a matter of fact, Kluck does
not seem to have been acting freely in the matter. His
hand was forced. General Joffre, the French commander-
in-chief, had arranged a surprise for him if he came straight
to Paris from Senlis. There was a secret reserve French
army of 200.000 men concealed within the fortifications, and
waiting to sally out in a concerted movement with the other
French and British forces. Had Kluck’s men’kept straight
on they would probably have been cut off.
Kluck discovered this just in time. Instead of retreating
—on Sedan Day, of all days—he made a virtue of dire
necessity, and swerved in a large half-circle to the south¬
east of Pans, with the largest and best of the Teutonic
armies. The intention of the German Military Staff was
then to throw an absolutely overpowering force against
the middle of the French battle-front, stretching eastward
below Paris, cut the French armies into two parts, annihilate
them in turn, and then blow up part of the Paris forts.
Kluck was sent south to envelop the western French
flank at Provins, below Paris.
By September 5th everything was ready- The Kaiser
proceeded to Nancy to see. on the eastern flank of the
immense battle-lront of two .and a half million men, the
beginning of the victory his generals promised him. The
War Lord watched the battle Irom a hill. His troops
advanced in files toward the Nancy plateau, with filers'
playing them on; but the little French 3 in. guns shelled
the columns, and in spite of their bravery, the Germans
broke and turned back. Four times the advance was
made at a loss of half an army corps. But no victory could
be gained, even in the inspiring presence of the New Attila,
who at last went away without uttering a word.
The Robber
Prince
The position of the Crown Prince about the same time
was more awkward still. He appears to have left his
army in the Argonne woods, near the frontier fortress of
Verdun, and motored to an old French chateau behind
Sezanne, just at the point where the Prussian Guard was
assembling for the main attempt to pierce the French
centre. The firebrand of Germany reached the chateau
on September 6th, and gave a feast in the evening to some
of the General Staff, who had come to arrange the details
of his triumphal entry into Paris. At night, the table
in the beautiful seventeenth-century banqueting hall was
cleared, and the Crown Prince and his military advisers were
settling things over some bottles of stolen wine and a box of
stolen cigars, when a very loud noise was heard. It was a
French shell bursting in the room next to the hall ! More
shells followed, and then came a regiment of lean, brown¬
faced Arabs, their bayonets glistening in the moonlight as
they charged across the garden
of the chateau.
The republican troops of
France had, with an utter dis¬
regard for German royalty,
opened the great battle at their
own time and in their own way.
Instead of waiting to be at¬
tacked, they compelled the
pride of Prussia to fun for his
life.
As a matter of fact, the
sudden nocturnal bayonet
charge of the Turcos was only
a feint. The entire French
front from Paris to Verdun
had leaped against the enemy
in a menacing movement, which
was ' merely designed to hold
all the Gentian armies in the
positions they occupied, and
prevent them from reinforcing
any part of their line. Only
Kluck’s men were then being
seriously and unremittingly
attacked.
For Kluck had made a great
mistake, and General Joffre
had caught him in a trap.
When the German commander
swerved past Paris to join
General Buelow and General
Hausen in attacking the withdrawn French front, he
remembered the reserve French army at Paris, and left
a large body of troops entrenched on' the River Ourcq,
east of the capital, to protect his advancing flank. This
was excellent generalship. But connecting with the Paris
army was the British Expeditionary Force, under Field-
Marshal French.
Kluck Ignores the
British Army
The British army extended from a point near the meeting
of the Ourcq and the Marne to a point at the south-east of
Paris, along another tributary of the Seine known as
the Grand Morin This river and a large wood—the forest
of Crecy—separated our men from the lower flank of
Kluck’s host that was still sweepmgsouthward. Kluck,
however, took absolutely no notice' of the British army,
which had been rapidly moved through Paris to meet him
once more.
Did he think the men who had withstood him at Mona
(Continued an page 197)
Feeling the way. A French outpost watching for Germans during an advance of the French army.
The day after this photograph was taken, the soldier depicted in it was brought back to the
French lines mortally wounded.
Page 195
Rival Artillery—A Battle in a Thunderstorm
The War Illustrated, 17 Ih Octolcr, 1914
While our soldiers were repulsing the Germans in the
valley of the Marne, on September 7th, a fierce thunder¬
storm raged. Nature’s artillery vied with man’s. Torrential
rctiii fell, and our soldiers revelled in it. Stripping off tunics
and shirts, they had a glorious shower-bath, many standing
naked in the downpour. Then, refreshed, they hurriedly donned
their clothes and proceeded to drive the Germans further
back. Getting them on the run, they captured a number of
prisoners, horse and foot, who, tired and famished for want of
food, admitted they had not the stomach to face the British charges.
- ■ ■'
> '
Irish Guards beat back with Bayonets a German Cavalry Charge
Th
Ulu
lull OrUl:
!rat
Page 196
--—
One ot the most thrilling^ incidents of the fighting along the Marne was the reception and lit it! Then, in perfect order, a bristling bulwark of giants singing “ God Save
of German cavalry by the Irish Guards. Three regiments of German cavalry, splendidly Ireland!'* they prepared to receive cavalry. For a few minutes there was an awful chaos
horsed and equipped, bore down upon one regiment of the Irish infantry. When they of horses, soldiers, and weapons. Through it all, the Irish Guards stood immobile. They
were only two hundred yards away, an Irishman coolly begged a cigarette from a comrade threw back at the bayonet’s point, in utter demoralisation, the Kaiser’s horsemen.
1
Page 197
GREAT EPISODES OF THE WAR "‘•"X'm T
and Cambrai and captured his guns at Compiegne were
demoralised ? Did lie mistake our retirement from the
north to the south-east of Paris — executed in answer to his
sudden swerve—as a withdrawal from battle ? Or was it
that his cavalry and aerial scouts were so overmastered by
our reconnoitring horsemen and flying men that they were
unable to carry out a proper reconnaissance ? The thing
is an amazing mystery with an important consequence.
For on Sunday, September 6th, Kluck was in a trap.
On his eastern flank, the army of Paris, under General
Maunoury, held him. On his south-eastern flank the
■hidden British army allowed him to pass by. On his
southern front, directly on the line of his march, the Fifth
French Arm) - , under General d’Esperay, was advancing.
Kluck camped for the
night, and the Fifth French
Army came on silently with
fixed bayonets. Down went
the sentries, and three
villages were captured by
cold steel before the sleeping
German host could use its
searchlights to direct the fire
of its artillery. It was a
moonlight night, the French
knew the ground blindfold,
and there was that within
them no mortal man could
stand against. Grim as an
Englishman with his back to
the wall, mad with an Irish¬
man’s lust for battle, and
as deadly tenacious as a
Scotsman, the son of France,
tempered by a long retreat,
put his bayonet through the
German war machine and
broke it up.
The masterly French
gunner cleared the path for
him, and when day broke
on Monday, September 7th,
Kluck faced round to fight
his way out. For the first
time in a hundred and ten
rears the French soldier saw
the back of a beaten Prussian
• — of some hundreds of
thousands of beaten Prus¬
sians. Kluck was afraid to
drive at the French centre,
with his old vehement dar¬
ing, for the hidden British
army was sweeping up
against his flank.
Our guns had opened
action over the river, valley,
and the forest the day
before, and the Coldstream
and Irish Guards and other foot regiments had been thrown
forward to entrench in platoons, with the shrapnel
bursting like little clouds in the sky above them. None
of the enemy could be seen. It was an artillery duel,
with our airmen flying over the German lines and marking
the positions and ranges for our gunners.
On Monday, September 7th, he began to retire towards
the north-cast, and our troops then had their revenge for
all he had tried to do to them the fortnight before between
Mons and Le Cateau. Our light artillery pushed forward
over the liver and caught the retreating columns of the
enemy. The Germans were compelled to bring some of
their guns to the rear to protect their infantry. But our
gunners massed their fire on the enemy’s batteries, and our
cavalry, especially, it is said, the Scots Greys, rode at the
silenced guns and Maxims and captured them. In some
instances, the German machine-guns were undamaged, with
large quantities of ammunition beside them. They were
quickly used against their makers.
Had the Paris army along the Ourcq been able, quickly
to drive in the German troops left there, Kluck’s lines of
The War Illustrated, 17 th October, 1914 .
communication would have been cut. But the German
pqsition on the Ourcq was very strongly defended by an
unusual number of heavy guns and a large number of con¬
cealed Maxims. Bayonet charges by the French were swept
away, and though their quick-firers were admirably
bandied, they could not reach as far as the long-range heavy
German batteries. It is said that the Ourcq was not
carried until some of our gunners came up with our
heaviest field artillery and helped the French army under
General Maunoury.
In the meantime, Kluck had saved his men from over¬
whelming disaster. Fighting a very skilful rearguard action,
and leaving his dead and wounded in thousands behind
him, with lost guns and stricken stragglers, the old German
general crossed river after river—the Petit Morin, the Marne,
the Vesle— with the vic¬
torious British troops behind
him. He gained a respite
at the town of La Ferte-
sous-Jouarre, on the River
Marne, by holding up with
machine-guns an entire
British army corps. The
engineers had a terrible time
getting a pontoon bridge
across the water. But when
this was at last done, our
men chased the Germans
through the woods north
of the Marne, taking trans¬
port waggons, guns, and
prisoners.
While we were pushing
Kluck back, the western
flank of tire neighbouring
German army, under General
Buelow, was exposed. The
Fifth French Army, under
D’Esperay, having helped
us against Kluck, now swept
sideways on Buelow’s men.
At the same time, the Fourth
French Army, under General
Foch, moved to help them.:
then, when Buelow began
to retreat, this Fourth
French Army struck at the
exposed flank of the Saxon
army, under General
Hausen. It was on Septem¬
ber 8th that that Saxon
army, with which the Prus¬
sian Guard was acting, was
compelled to retreat. It
suffered very badly. The
Prussian Guard was caught
in the great marsh of Saint
Gond, where it lost its guns
and half its men. For this
disaster, General Hausen
was relieved of "his command.
After the rout of the Saxons, the way was opened for a
flank attack by the Third French Army, under General
■fie Langle, on 'the army of the Duke of Wurtemberg at
Vitry-le-Francois. Then, on September 15th, the victory
ended in the retreat of the Crown Prince and his troops
from Revigny, .below Verdun. All along the line General
Joffre employed the same simple and tremendously effective
tactics. As' each separate victory compelled a single
German army to retreat, two French armies operated
against the next German force. One attacked in front,
the other menaced its flank.
As Kelson said, “ only numbers can annihilate.” Thougn
General Joffre had no more troops in the field than the
German commander-in-chief, he continually brought
superior forces to bear at every critical position. Each
Geiman army was caught in nutcrackers, 'with one French
force on its front and another on its flank. Joffre attacked
a million Germans with a million French and British troops,
but he endowed his million troops with the offensive power
of two millions of soldiers.
Corporal Qrusalt, a French infantry soldier, was discovered
trying to sell to the enemy documents relating to the wireless
telegraphic installation on the Eiffel Tower. He was sentenced
t.o degradation before his regiment and imprisonment for life.
tOudegracbt
.Bratsthai
ojlfegbant
;gndrecb L.
Hobitffeny}
Wind
Waerlooi]
fcynaojMj
iWaelff
feu lit.
fanhfyrfen
The fl’ur Illustrated, 11 th October, 1914 .
P:i ge 193
Antwerp Preparing for the Great German Attack
A DETERMINED shelling of the Antwerp fortifications
• r *' was commenced by the Germans, assisted by Austrians,
on September 29th. Seven days later General De Guise,
the Military Governor of Antwerp, notified the inhabitants
that a bombardment of the city was imminent, and those
who wished to escape the dangers of such an attack were
invited to leave with all possible speed.
No fortress in the world is impregnable if guns big
enough be played upon it, and if the attacking force be
sufficiently prodigal of human life. Every one of Antwerp's
first-rank forts was dominated by several forts in the second
line. Then there was a very extensive: area where water
could be admitted to a depth of from two to six feet. An
inner circle of forts, a deep fosse round the walls of the
city, and the fortified walls themselves had . all to -be over¬
come before the invaders were masters of the city itself,
and only sheer weight of metal from guns such as have never
formerly been used in warfare could accomplish this.
“nnH^Tfr
V Vi
Food supplies at the docks. The food problem has been strongly handled In
Antwerp and there was little chance of the garrison being starved into surrender.
The proclamation posted on the walls enjoining the inhabitants to keep
calm during the approaching siege attracted crowds of intensely
interested spectators.
Even while the defending garrison kept the invaders beyond
the walls, the cathedral was loo good an artillery mark
for the big German long-distance guns.
Page 199
The War Illustrated , 11th October , 1914.
Holding ba ck the Enemy on the Road to Antwerp
Belgians seen defending one of the roads leading to Fort Waelhem, one of the forts of the outer ring round Antwerp, as the Germans
advanced to bombard the city. Inset: Peasant girl bringing walnuts to Belgian troops in the trenches near Lierre.
r«sc 200
The War Illustrated , 11 th October, 1914
With the London Scottish on Active Service
The London Scottish, one of the best known and most popular of our Territorial regiments, at a full muster held early in
August, volunteered en masse for Foreign Service. This photograph shows them passing Buckingham Palace prior to leaving for France.
"THE London Scottish, 14th
1 (County of London) Bat¬
talion, have tasted warfare before,
many members of the famous
regiment having served in the
South African campaign with the
Gordon Highlanders and the
C.I.V.’s. Since the outbreak of
war a second battalion has been
formed, the rush to join proving
so great that eleven hundred men
were recruited in three days, and
there was still a substantial sur¬
plus. The new battalion is com¬
manded by Colonel Greig, C.B.,
M.P. for West Renfrewshire, who
formerly commanded the First-
Battalion. The regiment was:
founded by the Earl of Wemyss
in 1859, and is very ’ popular.
London Scottish help our native Indian troops in France to unload transport waggons.
The services of the kilted Territorials in France are most valu¬
able in many directions, which cannot be divulged owing to the
secrecy that surrounds the movements of all our troops. Some
of the London Scottish are here shown ready to assist the Royal
Engineers in teleqraph repair work in a French town.
(
'
■n
<<
Pago 201
I'/ie TI 'ur Illustrated, llth October, 1914
France Again Familiar with the “ Garb of Old Gaul”
' ~ Affe cti onatel v* k°n own” as'the **‘ hran co-Scottish Alliance,, the kilt was no uncommon sight across the Channel,
nectionately known as the Garb of the Gaul, it again evokes interest among our Allies when the London Scottish march past.
ii | H»WMCC~ ~ r 7'7
Tin. War Illustnitejf, 17 (h Oct<jbo\ 1914.,
i'age 202 -
People, Places, Things that are Making History
When the Russian cavalry invaded East Prussia they occupied an estate belonging to the German
I.mirror at ltommten. They made themselves at home in his enormous garden, slept comfortably in
his residence, and dispatched to Moscow his entire stock ot cattle anti horses.
The Dowager Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-
Schwerin, mother-in-law of the German Crown
l’rinoe, ins renounced her German nationality
and resumed her Russian title.
PHK Duchess of West-
1 minster, whose husband
lias shown conspicuous
§ gallantry at the front,
is now in France, work-
£& mg under the auspices
of tlic British Red Cross
Society. The photo-
graph on the left shows
■HE her sitting next to Sir
flip! Thomas - Tipton on his
JHf steam-yacht Erin whilst
Jm making the journey to
' s I favre. On the other
side of the duchess is
Miss Phillips, who is in
charge of the nurses.
Many members'of the
yg , aristocracy arc . work-
J§! ing under the. Red Cross
MBgl - at the front. Lady
Dorothie Tedding having
J>j witnessed the bombard •
_ment of Alost.
A Belgian priest venturing forth in the ei
of ills religious functions to give spiritual
solution to the wounded at Alost. His
formerly belonged to a Belgian lancer
M. Trctiakoif, a well-known opera-singer, is
now au officer in the Russian army on the
Prussian frontier. He sings operatic selections
to cheer the soldiers in the trendies.
machines.” This chart lias been issued
to French -'others so that they can distin-
pet-b hostile' from friendly aeroplanes.
AVIONS ALLEMANJIS
-
' ' , ' ■. -A ' ■ ” C'
" --r" TIREZ
sur ces ilpprais
■■■
;' kjSLk '.-l
k
Jplrf ■
A T**
^gsggp
A group of prominent. British jockeys who joined the 19th (Queen
Alexandra’s) Royal Hussars in order to do their part, in the great war
against German aggression. If their military prowess approximates in
'.te, i
- .
Page 203 The War Illustrated, 17 th October, 1914 .
With the Camera in the War-stricken Countries
This Belgian lancer has captured an
earthenware llask in which the Germans
carry petroleum for use in firing buildings
they wish to burn.
The petrol can on the ground is carried by Germans, and
its contents are poured out in houses marked for burning.
The peculiar headpiece is worn by the soldier employed
in the task to prevent him from being burned.
Slip this Inside your cap.
A SOLDIER’S PRAYER.
Printed sheets sold in Berlin at the equiva¬
lent of one penny, and showing in actual
size the shell thrown by the great 16*4 in.
German siege gun.
Almighty and most Merciful Father,
Forgive me my sins:
Grant me Thy peace:
Give me Thy power:
Bless me in life and death,
far Jesus Christ’s sake.
Amen.
From the Chaplain-Genera!.
Aug. 1914.
The unhappy Duchess of Luxemburg, who
was taken prisoner by the Germans after
the neutrality of her territory had been
violated by the German soldiery.
Every British soldier was given a card like this, with the Lord's
Prayer on the back, and asked to slip it inside his cap. This
particular card was carried through the Battle of the Marne,
after which its owner was brought to London wxmnded.
General Hindenburg, a German idol who
has been superseded in East Prussia, and
who attributed his supposed brilliance to
his refusal to read romances and poetry.
/
rȣ< 2C4
fhe War Illustrated, 17 th October , 1914 .
“From Scenes Like These Old Scotia’s Grandeur Springs”
■imMm
A bridge near Soissons was held up by 150 Highlanders who
were attacked by an overwhelming German force. After a hot
quarter of an hour the British Maxim was silent—every man of
the section had been killed. Suddenly a Highlander rushed forward
m face of the German fire, seized the Maxim on its tripod and
rushed back across the bridge with it. Then, in full view of the
enemy, he turned round plaoed the gun in position, and from the
still-charged belt of the Maxim opened a hail of bullets on the
advancing column of the enemy, which broke and then fled to the
woods as the Highlander fell dead with thirty bullets in his body.
Page 205
Bedfordshires
in a Hot
The lFtfr Illustrated, 17 th October, 1014.
Corner in France
A private soldier in the Bedfordshire Regiment has written home
describing how he was one of a party who entered a private
house so that they might fire upon a German column from the
upper windows. They found a terrified young woman and an
elderly man sitting in a darkened room. Shells screamed about
their home and their household effects were smashed and burned
about their ears. Blood was everywhere, and after a violent
engagement, from which the British soldiers carried off three of
their number wounded, the terrified residents were conducted to
the cellar foi safety. As the soldiers left, the roof was blown off.
-z - & ■
Page 206
of Empire
The TH/r Illustrated, 17/7/ October, 1914.
Waging War on the Outposts
JIIE German colony of Kamcrnn, orCameroon, is right •
at the head of the great angle in the West Coast of
Africa, and it is being attacked by a British force from
Sierra Leone, one of our West African colonies, whose
capital and coaling station, Freetown, where these
photographs were taken, is the greatest seaport in West
Africa. The British gunboat Dwarf was attacked by
a German vessel on flic Cameroon River on Sept, i^tli.
The German colony has a population of about 2,000
white and almost 3,000,000 natives, and its military
force consists of 200 Germans and 1,550 natives.
Bl II
rorce leaving i-reetown in lighters to embark_
for operation against Kamerun. Inset: native soldiers with guns.
n anopo 119
lllilliljl
Sierra Leone native troop, under British'officers at Freetown, before proceeding on the expedition to attack the port of Duala,
tne Bight of Biafraj and the point of entry to the German We9t African colony of Kamerun.
1
Page 207 -
The War III astral ul, 17 U, October. 1914.
Loyal Canada does Better than She Promised
QANA DA did more than she promised. Her intention was
■ to send a contingent of 20,000 for the war front, but
the response for volunteers was so generous that a force of
32,000 gathered at Yalcartier camp, and left Quebec for
Berlin via France. Hundreds of the men went to camp on
their own responsibilty and at their Own expense, and in some
cases' 1 whole regiments went to Yalcartier without orders,
there were 1,800 officers at the mustering camp, and it
was proposed that 800 of them should accompany the
Expeditionary Force and that the remaining thousand
should stay, but the dissatisfaction at this was so great
that it was decided to send the entire number.
The TTar Illustrated, 17 th October , 1914.
Page 208
The Flower of Our Indian Army in France
On the left two Indian soldiers are drawing from the regimental water barrels,
and on the right one of the army mules is shown indulging in a dust-bath.
Genera; Lerriers, o» General Joffre’e army, inspecting the Indian troeps in the company
of a British officer after their arrival in France.
Indian 6oldier carrying the (tools
which are used for digging trenches.
The morning toilet of the native Indian soldiers made in the open excited curiosity
in those to whom such a sight was new. They shave each other but use no soap.
Page 209
The War Illustrated, 17 tit October , 1914
Helping the Allies of the Great British Raj
A sample of the physique that is
typical to our Indian force.
Indian soldiers loading belts for bullets for which they mean to find German billets.
Their postures would be almost impossible for European troops who w9re not tailors.
« general view of the Indian camp, the white tents gleaming in the French sun¬
shine. Here the arrivals mustered while their equipment and artillery were being
gathered for transport to the fighting-line.
Part of the Indian contingent preparing to pitch their tents near Marseilles after
disembarkation. On the right three soldiers getting a horse ready for the front.
The War Illustrated, lit It October, 1914.
Page 210
The Trail of the “Blonde Beast” in Belgium
T _ h ° tr l'J of the beast is upon nearly every Belgian village through which Gorman forces have marched. This photograph shows a row
ot nre blackened cottages at Melle, near Qhent, andthe ruined inhabitants removing on a barrowthe few belongings they were able tosave.
Another example of Germany’s campaign to terrorise the innocent. A Belgian woman, robbed of husband and home by German
!ngntrulnes8, is forced to beg in the streets. Tragedies similar to this are to be found by the score in every Belgian town.
1
v The War Illustrated, 17 Ik October, 1914.
Coward Work of Germany’s Military Murderers
In his dispatch of September 18th, Sir John French reported:
“At Senlis, a poacher shot one Qerman soldier and wounded
another. The Qerman commander then assembled the mayor of
the town and five other leading citizens and forced them to kneel
before graves whieh had already been dug. Requisition was made
for various supplies, and the six citizens were then taken to a
neighbouring field and shot. According to the corroborative
evidence of several independent persons, some twenty-four people,
including women and children, were also shot. The town was
then pillaged, and was fired in several places before it was
evacuated. It is believed that the cathedral was not damaged,
but many houses were destroyed "
Page 2x3
The iVur Illustrated. Ttth October, 1914 .
Austria’s “Never-Victorious” Warriors in Belgium
i ne uerman war Loras evidently consider tnat the right.ng
value of the Austrian troops will be increased by being put along¬
side their own men instead of being left as a national army, and
so t.»ey nave been unc , u^un to assist .n o^e.'at.o.,s before
Antwerp. These Austrians are seen constr jeting a bridge acros3
a river on their way to the great attack upon the Belgian fortress.
Austrians in Brussels beside one oi their motor—guns witn
which they were to help in the siege of Antwerp. In the back¬
ground of the picture there may be clearly seen one of these guhs
with its pair of recoil cylinders, if toe Austrians aro as unsjccess-
ful In Belgium as they have been in Galicia, the soldiers of King
Albert will be easily able to meet them and resist their 'Attacks.
The TFar Illustrated, 17 th October, 1914.
Page 214
Britannia Mourns Her Heroic Dead
Captain C H. KER,
Bedfordshire Regiment.
Lieut.-Col. R. E. BENSON,
East Yorkshire Regiment.
Captain A. G. CAMERON.
Cameron Highlander?.
Eng. Lt.-Com. T A. VEN¬
NING, H.M.S. Pathfinder.
Capt. Lord John HAMIL¬
TON, Iri3b Guards.
Capt. W. R. FREND,
Sherwood Foresters.
Capt. D. N. C. C. MIERS,
Cameron Highlanders.
Capt. G. H. FITZGERALD.
4th Dragoons.
Capt. A C. AUBIN.
East Lancs. Regiment.
Lieut. J. C. COKER, Lieut. A. de L. TEELING, Lt. H. MOCKLER-FERRY-
South Wales Borderers. Norfolk Regiment. MAN. Ox. and Bucks L.I.
■ \ jpj.j
Srf- A[ ,
fWti fer s '
Lt. G. V. NAYLOR-LEYLAND
Royal Horse Guards.
Lieut. R. B. BENISON,
Connaught Rangers.
Lieut. F. de V. B. ALL-
FREY, 9th Lancers.
j
f ... . 4 ■
V v
- ~ ' .
****• #
I
: \\strjf
■ hm m Jj
Sec.-Lt. R. A. de STACPOOLE.
Connaught Rangers.
Sec.-Lt. N. J. R. WRIGHT,
Royal Field Artillery.
Lieut. P. M. MURRAY,
Sherwood Foresters.
Lieut. 0. A. KNAPTON,
Royal Warwickshire Regt.
Lieut. H. C. DAVIES,
Welsh Regiment.
Sec.-Lieut. W. de WINTON,
Coldstream Guards.
Sec.-Lt. C. L. MACKENZIE,
Highland Light Infantry.
sec.-Lieut. Sir G. G. S.
BAILLIE, Bt., Scots Greys.
Lt. R. G. WORTHINGTON,
Oxford and Bucks L.I.
Photos by Lafayette, Gale <£• Polden, Sport & General, Newspaper Illustrations, G. Jerrard,
Heath, Lambert Weston, Speaight, Barnett.
Page 215
The War Illustrated, lllh October, 1S14.
A company of recruits who were formerly employees in the service of the Post Office at signal practice in Regent's Park.
Our New Million Army in the Making
Recruits at Aldershot beginning their training, and before they
have been served with uniforms. They are “ splendid stuff.’*
A squad of the new army being initiated into the technicalities
of sighting, so as not to waste ammunition by misses.
^Learning the use of the sword. Nothing could be more promising than the energy and enthusiasm that the new recruits put into
their drilling, their one object being to become fit so that they may be sent to the battle-line at the earliest possible moment.
The ir«r Illustrated, 11th October, I9l*v.
i • -> •'
Pago 216
HOW THE WAR WAGES:
The Merging of the Battlefields
QN October ist, two months after the first movement of
German troops towards Luxemburg, there were no
separate fields of struggle in Europe, One immense, con¬
nected battle raged in and around the lands of the Teutonic
Empires. The allied front stretched from Holland to
Courland and the march of Eastern Prussia. In the
middle it was broken by the neutral territories of Switzer¬
land and Italy. But to the west of Italy the Serbian
advance formed another part of the front, with a lessening
gap between it and the Russian columns that had invaded
the Hungarian plain.
Then, from the Carpathian heights, the main Russian
Army stretched through Poland, by Warsaw, to Courland.
The total number'of Germans, Austrians, Hungarians, and
races under Teutonic rule possibly amounted to five and-
a half millions of active fighting men. Opposed to them
were Russian, French, Serbian, British, Indian, Belgian, and
Montenegrin forces of something like seven million troops,
all entrenched or marching to battle or violently fighting.
* * *
r JTIE general position on the vast European battle-front
on Saturday, October 3rd, was that tile Teutons
were beginning seriously to feel the pressure of the superior
numbers massed around them. The Kaiser was perplexed
by the situation he had created. He rushed from Nancy
in France to Graivo in Russia ; then returned from Graivo
to Cologne, having seen half of one of his army corps slain
at Nancy and two broken in the marshes beyond Graivo.
* * *
Rerinenkampf to the Rescue
B Y , this time, neither General Joffre in the west nor the
• Grand Duke Nicholas in the bast was fighting in a
national way. Each of these supreme commanders-in-
chief was basing his strategctical movements on the general
European situation. What they had chiefly in mind was
the German system of railways, that connected with both
their fronts, and enabled the German Military Staff to shift
their offensive power rapidly from either side/
. * * *
THUS General Joffre’s immediate task of so lengthening
his northern line as to outflank the forces of - Kluck
was of secondary importance. The conditions of a great
Franco-British victory had first to be assured in Russian
Poland by a mighty movement on the western bank of the
Vistula, which would engage the millions of Germans and
Austrian troops assembled there, and so make it impossible
to send any of them to reinforce Kluck in Northern France.
For this reason, General Rcnncnkampf’s victory over
the Prussian armies on the Niemen helped to ease the
position of affairs on the Franco-Belgian frontier, a thousand
■miles away. By October 6th the broken German host,
flying from the swamps and woods round the Niemen, had
been reinforced by the garrison of Koenigsberg, and had
rc-lormed along the Prussian frontier. Their reinforcements
could not restore to them their offensive power.
* * *
The Grand Russian Army Opens Battle
A ROUND Warsaw, and between Warsaw and the German
frontier, the Grand Russian Army had been collecting
for two months It was its southern wing, under General
Russky, that had captured Lemberg. But no advance
could be made towards the main road to Berlin until the
German army in East Prussia, which threatened a flank
attack, had been beaten back and retained. This is what
General Rcnncnkampf accomplished by the beginning of
October. With part of the northern wing of the Grand
Army he assured the safety of its centre.
So the Russian centre—the mightiest instrument of war
ever known to man—began on October 4th to move onward.
With gigantic feelers of Cossack cavalry and light horse
artillery it felt along the Vistula for its enemy, testing
every hostile position by innumerable fierce, determined
skirmishes. Here and there, where the Germans were in
force, thej- were able to telegraph to Berlin news of a victory
—such a victory as the Austrians won by the score till
they were completely broken by the main Russian attack.
* * - *
The Importance of Antwerp
THERE were probably 123,000 German and Austrian
troops round Antwerp on Tuesday, October 6th.
For some days they had been investing the Belgian river
port and reducing its southernmost forts near Malincs
by shell-fire. Their first intention seems to have been to
blow a path by the Austrian 17 in. howitzers through
the triple circle of fortifications and slowly advance by
trench work along this opening into the city. But by
October 7th the}- found that this cautious, regular method
of approach was too slow. For some reason, the city had
to be captured at once. So they gave notice of a general
bombardment, which opened the following day . Instead
of fighting against the Belgian army and the forts, the
Germans began to rain death upon the non-combatants.
* *
The Difficulties of Gsneral Kluck
TOR in the south of Belgian, the ablest of German
generals, Kluck, was getting into serious difficulties.
The French commander-in-chief had compelled him to
stretch his lines for another hundred miles from the Aisne
River to the Belgian frontier. This could not be done
without additional large forces of infantry, horsemen, and
guns. For some weeks, every man that could be spared
' in the Teutonic territories had been hurried to the help
of Kluck, and thrown into the battle-line to force back the
encircling French movement.
But by Saturday, October 3rd, there were no fresh troops
available to meet our Indian soldiers and their French
comrades-in-arms round the Belgian frontier. Kluck could
only shift some of his million and a quarter .men from point
to point, and diminish his strength in the south in order
to prevent his northern line from giving way. 'While
bringing up troops from Lorraine and around Verdun he
was running great risks. What he wanted as a reinforce¬
ment was the German army round Antwerp. It was to
free this army for service against the Franco-British front
that the attack on Antwerp was suddenly quickened and
made more savagely brutal. Rcnnenkampf’s success in
the Niemen had stopped all Kluck’s sources of fresh troops.
* * *
|N the meantime, General Joffre was proceeding calmly
and in silence on his double task of keeping in concert
with the great Russian movement in the east, and main¬
taining and strengthening his own position in the west. All
along the fortified entrenchments of the Aisne the stress of
battle was mitigated. The Germans awoke to the fact
that by making violent counter-attacks against our prepared
positions they were playing into our hands. They had
wasted. thousands of men who were now sadly needed
farther along the still extending line. So they remained
passive along the Aisne, and two of our Highland regiments
captured some of their trenches.
- * * *
£)URING the first week in October the northern section
of the battle-front, from the heights north of Conr-
piegne to the plain east of Lille, was the scene of the most-
violent fighting in the campaign. For a hundred miles,
German troops and Austrian gunners, French and Indian
horsemen, infantry and artillerymen, swayed to and fro
amid the continual roar of cannon and scream of shell.
* * *
JN Picardy on Monday, October 5th, when our Indian
reinforcements entered on their first historic fight on
a European battlefield, things were going badly' in places
with the Allies. But the lost ground was recovered by a
tremendous effort of heroism, and the cavalry charges
reached into Belgian territory. Far'in the south, where
the German line had been weakened, the French were
making deadly progress.
iii
The War Illustrated, Ylth October, 1314 .
OUR DIARY OF THE WAR
(For our Diary of Events in the Great War prior to September 10th, see “The War Illustrated,” No. 5, September
19th, pag’s ii. and iii. of cover.)
Sept. 10-14.—-German cruiser Emdcn captures six British ships in
Bay of Bengal, sinks live and releases the other with the crews of
all six on board.
Sept. ii. —Allies reported to have advanced 37J miles in four days.
Sept. 12.—Allies capture 6,000 prisoners and 160 guns. Breach
retake Luncville.
Enemy found to be occupying very formidable position on north
of the Aisne, and holding both sides of the river at Soissons.
Hamburg-Arnerika liner Spreewald captured by H.M.S. Berwick.
German wireless station at Herbertshohe (Pacific) taken by
Australian Navy.
Sept. 13.—German cruiser Hda sunk by British submarine E9.
.Sept. 14.—British auxiliary cruiser Carmania sinks the Cap Trafalgar
oil East Coast of South America.
II.M. gunboat Dwarf attacked by German steamer on Cameroon
River ; steamer captured.
Resignation of General Beyers, Commandant-Gcncfal of South
African Defence Force.
Sept. 15.—China allows Japanese to land near Kian-chau.
Sett. 16.—General Delarey shot by accident whilst motoring at
Johannesburg.
Bombs from Japanese aeroplanes dropped on German ships in
Kiao-chau Bay.
H.M. gunboat Dwarf rammed by German merchant ship
Nachtingall, which was wrecked.
Commander Samson, with force attached to Naval Flying
Corps, scatters a Uhlan patrol near Doullens.
Sept. 17.—Lord Kitchener announces that rather more than six
regular divisions (each 18,600 strong) and two cavalry di\ ision
(each 10,000 strong) of British Stoops are in the fighting-line ;
and expresses the hope that the new army of 500,000 men will
be ready to take the field next spring.
.Germans again bombard Tcrmonde, and arc repulsed by Belgians.
. Grand Duke Nicholas, in a Proclamation to the peoples of
Austria-Hungary, declares Russia seeks nothing except establish¬
ment of truth and justice.
In Tavorovo district Russians capture transport columns of
two army corps, 30 guns, 5,000 prisoners, and enormous quantities
of war material.
It is reported that German ships in the Baltic have fired on each
other; this is explanation of the reported arrival at Kiel of destroyers
and torpedo-boats in a damaged condition.
German force attacks Nakob (South Africa).
Sept. 18.-Parliament prorogued. National .Anthem sung in the House
of (xmimons.
Russians occupy Sandomir.
Se.pt. 19.—Rheims Cathedral shelled by German artillery.
German vessels reported sunk in Victoria Nyanza.
S::rr. 26V— toss of Submarine A Hi reported feom Melbourne.
H.M.S. Pegasus attacked and disabled by the German cruiser
Koenigsbcrg whilst refitting iu Zanzibar Harbour.
.Sept. 21.—Serbs and Montenegrins reported to be attacking Sernjevo.
Recall of Rear-Admiral Troubridgc announced.
Russians carry Jaroslav bv assault.
Sept. 22 .—British cruisers Aboukir, Hogue, and Cress}* torpedoed by
submarines in North Sea. Loss of 60 officers and 1,319 men.
German cruiser Emdcn shells oil-tanks at Madras.
General Botha takes the field as Commander-In-Chief of the
'British South African force.
Sept. 23. —British naval airmen fly over Cologne and Dusscldorf.
Bombs dropped on Zeppelin sheds at Dusseldorf.
British force landed near Laoshan Bay.
Sept. 24.—Allies occupy Pdronne.
Attempt to wreck Dover express at Hither Green.
German aircraft drop bombs on Boulogne and Ostend.
Sept. 25. — Australian forces announce their occupation of seat of
government of Kaiser Wilhelm’s Land (German New Guinea).
Battle of Augustovo begins.
Sept. 26.—Russians establish their position on the railway to Cracow.
German raid on Walfish Buy. Indian troops at Marseilles.
Sept. 27.— Initial success of South African force under General Botha.
German aeroplane drops bombs on I Gris.
Sept. 28. — Admiralty statemerif of lo^s ii?shipping rincc outbreak of
war: German, 1,140,000 tons’ (j&y ships) ; British, 229,(00 tons
(86 ship ■).
Sept. 29.—Germans bombard Antwerp’s first line of defence.
Serbians recapture Senilin, first taken by them on Sept. it.
Emdcn reported to have sunk four more British steamships and
captured a collier in the Indian Ocean.
Sept. 30. — French reported to have advanced to the cast of St. MUriel,
between Verdun and 'foul.
Oct. 1.— Bombardment of Antwerp forts resumed ; Walhcm, Wavre,
St. Catherine, Puers, and Liezelc being hotly engaged.
Admiralty reports that H.M.S. Cumberland captured nine
German merchant vessels (total tonnage, 30 915) and the gunboat
Sodcn off the Cameroon River (Wot Africa).
'1 hirty-fivc Prussian casualty lists published to date show a total
of 90,000 killed, wounded, and missing (including about 1,000
officers killed and 2,000 wounded).
Oct. 2.—Mr. Asquith discloses how Germany tried in 1912 to get
“ a free hand to dominate Europe.”
British Admiralty announce counter measures to the German
policy of mine-laying in the North Sea.
German sortie from Tsingtau repulsed.
Oct. 3.—Battle of Auguslovo-ends in defeat of Germans by Russians.
Oct. 5 and 6.— President Poincare visits the headquarters of the
allied armies.
Oct. 5.— It k reported that General von Mo.ltke has been replaced by
General Voigts-Rhetz as Chief of the German General Staff.
Four German armies said to be advancing from near Kalisch
to Cracow.
Publication of Belgian Grey Book.
Oct. 6. —Police uotre published regarding the more effective nu.-king
of the lights of London.
Situation of Antwerp officially described as “ grave ” ; civ ilians
warned.
Canadian Government announce deck-ion to raise a second
overseas contingent of 22,000 men.
Oct. 7. —Publication of Cape Town message describing how British
and Boers were trapped by Germans in Namaquatanil.
Japanese occupy the island of Jahuit in the. Marshall Elands,
and seize Shantung Railway as far as Tsi-nar.-fu.
Submarine E9 r turns safely after sinking German torped -boat
destroyer off the Fins River.
Belgian Government leave Antwerp for Ostend.
National Relief Fund £3,044,000.
Oct. 8. —Commonwealth of Australia announce a gift of <fico,C'.-o to
Belgium.
German official headquarters announce that a hostile^ aviator
threw a bomb, that pierced the roof of the DussekHrf :-hcd and
demolished an airship cover. •
Oct. 9. —Part of Antwerp reported to be in flames, and a German
Zeppelin reported to have been brought to earth by Belgian gun
fire in Antwerp.
King Albert said to have left Antwerp for a village near the
Dutch frontier.
66th day of the war; 28th day of the Battle of the Rivers.
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Published by Gordon AGdlhin JffiSff aiTclTew3£S8 SSm& KSMiTa House, Famngdon Street, London, E.C.
Canada,
17th October, 1914.
The War Illustrated.
she looked the Kaiser full
in the face.
“ Butcher of women and
children — I defy you! ”
she exclaimed in an
exaltation of scorn and
contempt.
An amazing incident in the superb
War Serial by George Edgar,
Author of “ The Rose Girl,”
which you can begin in this week’s
“Answers."
COMETHING in the
cold, sinister aspect of
the cloaked figure, thrown
into lurid relief by the
flickering firelight; some¬
thing in the imperious,
arrogant tonesof the voice
suddenly caused Lucy
Meadows to realise that
she was in the presence
of the Great Hun -the
Kaiser William himself.
But neither fear nor
dismay was written in the
proud, white face of the
girl. The light of indomit¬
able courage burned in her
blue English eyes. Strug¬
gling in the cruel grip of
the two Uhlan officers
m k‘ng, Albert stands unique among modern sovereigns
«£ in his courageous leadership of his Army. Con-
f|i? stantly in the fighting line wih his troops, he heartened
them by saying that if he were not a General he
jgfj would be proud to be a private fighting for Belgian
fyftf,. independence. And it is authentically recorded that
■Z'%; in the trenches near Antwerp he picked up the gun of a
. ; i soldier shot dead, and himself discharged the Remaining
bullets in its magazine against the attacking Germans.
m
SPECIALLY ENLARGED ANTWERP SIEGE NUMBER
i\crcJ. for Canadian
r/.cigazins Post .
BELGIUM’S HEROIC KING IN THE TRENCHES
ivc. m.
The War Illustrated, 24 (h October, 1914.
OUR DIARY OF THE WAR
Oct.
Oct.
(For our Diary of Events in the Great War prior to September
Sett. 25. —Australian forces announce their occupation of seat of Oct,
government of Kaiser Wilhelm's Land (German New Guinea).
Battle of Augustovo begins.
Sept. 26.—Russians establish their position on fhe railway to Cracow.
German raid on Walfish Bay. Indian troops at Marseilles.
Sept. 27.—Initial success of South African force under General Botha.
German aeroplane drops bombs on Paris. Germans occupy
M alines.
28.—Admiralty statement of losses i.i shipping since outbreak of
war : German, 1.140,000 tons (387 ships) ; British, 229,000 tons
(86 ships).
Sept. 29.—Germans bombard Antwerp’s first line of defence.
Serbians recapture Semlin, first taken by them on Sept. 11.
Emdcn reported to have sunk four more British steamships and
captured a oilier in the Indian Ocean.
Sept. 30.—French reported to have advanced to the east of St. Mihiel,
between Verdun and Toul.
Oct. 1.—Bombardment of Antwerp forts resumed ; Waclhem, Wavrc,
St. Catherine, Pliers, and Lierre being hotly engaged.
Admiralty reports that H.M.S. Cumberland captured nine
German merchant vessels (total tonnage. 30,915) and the gunboat
Sflden off the Cameroon River (West Africa).
Thirty-five Prussian -casualty lists published to daf< show a total
of 90.000 killed, wounded, and missing (including about 1,000
officers killed and 2,000 wounded).
Ocr. 2.—Mr. Asquith discloses how Germany tried in 1912 to get
“ a free hand to dominate Europe.”
British Admiralty announce counter measures to the German
policy of mine-laying in the North Sea.
German sortie from Tsingtau repulsed.
Oct. 3.—Battle of Augustovo ends in defeat of Germans by Russians.
Oct. s and 6 . —President Poincare visits the headquarters of the
mlied armies.
Oct. 5.—It is reported that General von Moltke lias been replaced by
General Voigts-Rhetz as Chief of the German General Staff,
l our German armies said to be advancing from near Kalisch to
Cracow. 8,000 British Naval and Marine forces in Antwerp.
Publication of Belgian Grey Book.
Ocr. 6.—Police notice published regarding the more effective masking
of the lights of London. Canadian Government announce decision
to raise a second overseas contingent of 22.000 men.
Oct 7. —Publication of Cape Town message describing how British
and Boers were trapped by Germans in Namaqualand.
Japanese occupy the island of Jahuit, in the Marshall Islands,
laid seize Shantung Railway as far as Tsi-nan-fu.
Ocr.
Oct.
Oct
Oct,
Oct,
Oct.
25th, see previous issues of “The War Illustrated.”)
7. — Submarine E9 returns safely after sinking German torpedo-
boat destroyer off thq Ems River.
Belgian Government leave Antwerp for Ostend. ^ f
National Relief Fund £3,044,000? . • ,
8. —Commonwealth of Australia announce a gift of £*90,000 to
Belgium. Squadron Commander Spenser D: A. Grey, R.N., and
Lieuts. R. L. G. Marix and S. Y. Sippe destroy a Zeppelin at.
lHisscldorf. Mutiny of Lieut .-Col. S. G. Maritz in South Africa.
Home Office issues statement on espionage.
<—Fall and occupation of Antwerp ; Belgian army and British
troops retire ; about 2,000 of the British cross the Dutch border
and arc interned. German lew 'of £20,000,000 on Antwerp.
Heavy fighting at Arras; German forces driven back with
heavy losses.
French and British cavalry capture German convoy with 850
men and mitrailleuses in Rove region.
Naval and military activity reported from Turkey.
10.—British Red Cross nurses expelled from Brussels.
Russian cruiser Pallada torpedoed hv German submarines in
the Baltic ; two of the submarines sunk.
Death of the King of Rumania.
_i.—eicrmans occupy G-hent. It is made known that Capt.
Robin Grey and Lieut. Dawes, of the Royal Flying Corps, have
received the Cross of the Legion of Honour. Twenty bombs from
German aircraft dropped on Paris ; Notre Dame damaged, four
people killed and fourteen wounded.
12. —More bombs on Paris ; Gare du Nord struck. Bombs 011
Ostend.
Goebe/i and Breslau reported in Black Sea.
Germans said to have about 1,500,000 troops in the west ;
and 1,800,000 massed against the Russian advance.
13. —Germans occupy Lille. Belgian Government at Havre.
Allies advance between Arras and Albert and towards Craonne.
14. —Germans occupy Bruges. Anglo-French forces occupy
Ypres. British Red Cross nurses expelled from Antwerp.
Fighting along the Vistula and the San to Przemysl, and south
to the Dniester. Mon falcon c dockyard, near Trieste, destroyed
by fire. Mr. Noel Buxton and his brother shot at and wounded
at Bucharest by a Young Turk.
. 15.—Germans at Blankenberghe. Admiralty announces sinking of
Hamburg- Amerika liner Markomanuiaand capture of Greek steamer
Pontoporos (the Emden’s colliers), near Sumatra, by H.M.S.
Yarmouth. Canadian Expeditionary Force arrives at Plymouth.
H.M.S. Hawke sunk by submarines in North Sea ; fifty-two
of the crew landed at Aberdeen from a trawler.
FIFSEE! New 6 War Illustrated ? Map Supplement FREE!
With No. 1 of Till! War Illustrated was
presented an eight-page War Map Supplement.
The maps given were sketch maps only. They
served their purpose well, but much has happened
since then. We have all learned a deal of
geography since the beginning of the War, and
we can follow the swaying battle-lines in the East
and West only by having a good map giving more
detail than the former map supplement included.
Therefore, we have had the -eminent map-
making experts, “Geographia Ltd.,” prepare for
11s a scries of special and exclusive detail maps,
which could easily be sold at sixpence a copy, but
which we are presenting
FREE OF ALL CHARGE
to those who purchase No. r r of The War
Illustrated, ready on October 29th.
1 .
3 .
A
*r.
This Great War Map Supplement will include
A large scale sheet map, 21 in. by i 6 .)£ in. of the western war-
fie'd from Newcas.le-on-Tync to Frankfort, including all the French and Belgian war area
noi th of l’aris.
A large detailed chart of the North Sea and the Baltic, showing the
many German and British naval bas^s and ports making clear how the waterway ot the Kiel
Canal favours the movements of the German Fleet, and indicating the distance the German
Zeppelin Fleet would need to cover to attach any point in Great Britain. .
A comprehensive chart • showing the. size and positions of the
rapidly-vanishing German Colonies. ' ■ .
A map of the Eastern Theatre' of War, showing the area where
Russia is giving battle oil the Pruss arpand Galieian frontiers.
The demand for next week’s issue of TiieWar Illustrated, with which this Sixpenny War Map. Supplement
is to be presented free, will be enormous. Remember the date, October 29th—when it will be on Sale, and.
ORDER IT NOW, because it will not be reprinted, and the maps will not be obtainable
separately.
This Great War Map Supplement is obtainable only with the “ War Illustrated ”
voi . 1 ?; A WEEKLY PICTURE-RECORD OF EVENTS BY LAND, SEA AND AIR
SPECIAL
ANTWERP
NUMBER
A NTWERP’S day of anguiA.
This photograph, exclusively
published here, shows the enor¬
mous crowd of despairing refugees
on the North German Lloyd quay
struggling to reach the flcating-
pier (in the foreground) leading
from the battered and burning
town to the temporary pontoon
bridge. The escape of the soldiers
was a mailer of vital importance,
and some are seen crossing the
pontoon bridge (immediately
under this paragraph). One of
the German liners disabled by tho
British before they left is shown.
Page 218
The TTar Illustrated , 24 th October, 1914.
P)U rCH soldiers hastening to the frontier
when Antwerp fell in order to cope with
the great rush of Belgian civil and military
refugees into friendiy Holland.
THE GREAT EPISODES OF THE WAR
VII.—The Heroic Adventure at Antwerp
T HE Belgian army’s defence of Antwerp was a desperate
gesture of heroism by a little nation dying in im¬
mortal fame with the hope of a glorious resurrection.
The double line of armoured forts, designed thirty years
ago by General Brialmont, had become worse than useless.
With the surprising development in power of the new siege
artillery-, Antwerp had ceased to exist as a fortress. A line
of earthworks in an open field would have been a safer
defensive position.
When the modern French forts at Maubeuge fell, the
doom of the old works at Antwerp, with their feebler guns,
was plainly seen to be inevitable. The Belgian soldiers
knew it. Some of them had fought at Liege until the
German howitzers arrived. Others had retired at the last
moment for escape from the swift, shattering downfall
of Namur. They knew their defence was hopeless.
But their courage was of that flaming, passionate sort
that puts things again and yet again to mortal hazard.
Antwerp, their beloved Antwerp, with its atmosphere of
romance, its treasures of native art, its multitude of free,
independent townspeople, with its far-stretched lines of
forts, built in the old days to shelter the whole army, could
not be tamely surrendered as a matter of sound strategy.
The Belgian would not play for safety. Cost what it
might—even the destruction of the entire military forces
of the nation—Antwerp should be held as long as possible,
for honour’s sake.
Magnificently did the Belgian troops act on this high
resolution. Standing by the grave of their power as an
independent people, they- jumped in, rifle in hand, and
used the grave as a fighting trench. After withdrawing
into Antwerp on August 17th, they continually sallied out
against the enemy’s forces, and threatened the lines of
communication between France and Germany. Four
German army corps had to move about Belgium, on the
defensive, at times when their help in France might have
lurned the tide of battle. By holding back these German
reinforcements and keeping them in fierce conflict for over
seven weeks, the Belgian army in Antw-erp helped to win
the victories to the south—on the Marne, on the Aisne,
and at Arras.
At last, surprised, alarmed, disconcerted by the spirit
and daring of the Belgian force, the German Military Stall
resolved to bring 'their siege artillery from Maubeuge to
Antwerp. In the second week in September there was
heavy fighting south of the Belgian river port, where
German and Austrian engineers were preparing the con¬
crete emplacements for their two hundred big howitzers.
By September 28th the concrete had settled and hard¬
ened, and the artillery was brought up from Brussels. The
following day the bombardment opened. The two
southernmost forts, Waelhem and Wavre Sainte Catherine,
were attacked by the concentrated fire of the enormous
howitzers, some of which threw picric shells weighing each
a ton. The Belgian gunners were utterly powerless.
Their old 4 in. and 6 in. Krupp guns were useless.
The hostile howitzers could not be seen. They fired
high into the air, and the shells shattered down from the
sky. It was impossible to calculate in which positions
the artillery was concealed that fired them. This is the
supreme advantage which mobile, attacking siege ordnance
has gained through the invention of smokeless powder.
It remains invisible, and movable if discovered by aerial
reconnaissance, while the fort it is attacking is a plain,
fixed, easy mark. With the new range-finding instru¬
ments, and the concentration of the fire of a hundred
howitzers against the small numbers of guns in each fort,
the destruction of any old-fashioned armoured and con¬
crete fortress is very rapid.
It was somewhat too rapid in the first bombardment of
Antwerp. One of the forts of the outer line quickly
exploded and burst into high flame. A brigade of German
infantry, entrenched just beyond the range of the Belgian
guns, rose and ran forward to capture the ruined fort, and
hold the gap in the fortressed line against the defending
troops. But when they reached the fort, guns, Maxims,
rifles, live electric-wire entanglements, caught them in a
trap. The supposed explosion had been produced by
pouring petrol on some lighted straw brought into the
fort for the purpose. One-third of the German brigade
fell round the slopes, the rest fled, with the shrapnel and
Maxim fire sweeping them in their retreat.
This, however, was the only success that the Belgian
(Continued on page 2*20)
IMm
Captain Gerard is one of the most daring of French military
aviators. After scouting near Compeigns he brought his Caudron
biplane down rather near the German advance posts, and the
Uhlans made an effort to surround him. He had to rise in the
n:r, leaving his mechanic behind. A military car is at the service
of every aviator, and carries spare parts. In this case Captain
Gerard’s car came up, and its crew went to the rescue of the
abandoned mechanic. There was a pretty skirmish between the
Uhlans and the aviator and motor crew. All the French party
escaped unwounded, but two dead Uhlans were left behind.
Pago 219
The Tl*(/r Illustrated. 24 th October, 1914.
Rescuing an Aviator’s Mechanic from Uhlans
/
The War Illustrated, 24 th October, 1914.
GREAT EPISODES OF THE WAR
gunners in the forts obtained. They could not reach the
liostilc artillery, and though .they, lighted more straw, and
pretended to be lying all dead amid the wreck of their
guns, the German troops would not advance again. In
the meantime' Fort Waclhem was really destroyed. This
happened on Wednesday, September 30th, and on the
following day two neighbouring forts were silenced.
The terrible howitzer shells bent and smashed the steel
cupolas, tore away the armoured concrete in masses as
large ns ordinary houses, exploded the magazines and
knocked over the armament. The gunners who lived
through the first’ inconceivable explosion had to fly at once
from death in manv forms—poisonous fumes,'concussion,
flying fragments of steel, falling masses of concrete, over-'
turning guns, l.ikc a solitary battleship foundering under,
the gunfire of a great fleet, the single forts fell one bv one
against the immense siege artillery designed for use by a
million men against the fortifications of Paris.
But what the Germans won by their overpowering
machinery of war they lost again in flesh and blood. For
on October 1st their infantry tried to rush the trenches the
Belgians hastily made between their silenced forts, and
were hurled back with heavy losses. Then the lighter
Villagers of Wetteren giving bread to Belgian troops as they
march through the village.
.German howitzers moved forward and searched the Belgian
trenches with continual shrapnel, night and day, till the
Antwerp army was compelled to withdraw- across the
Xcthe, closer to their doomed city.
the new position was admirable. The well-made earth¬
works, stretching along the flooded river, were stronger
defences than the old armoured forts, under the new
conditions of artillery warfare with smokeless powder and
aerial fire control. But. two hundred great movable guns
were needed to maintain the artillery duel. Of these great
guns the defenders of Antwerp did not possess one. They
had only light field artillery and the small Krupp guns
fixed in the remaining forts.
By Saturday, October 3rd, Antwerp was a city of dour
despair, of hopeless courage. The machinery of attack
had proved overwhelming. There was not much difference
in numbers between the defending and assailing armies ;
but the difference in heavy gun-power was enormous. It
was like four hundred riflemen on a big lumber raft trying
to beat oft four hundred men on a modern cruiser.
Great was the joy on Saturday evening when the first
part of the British Naval Brigade arrived in the falling city.
11 was wildly hoped that the few' big guns our men were
bringing with them would alter the position of affairs.
But so desperate was the situation in the trenches by the
Page 220
river, that the British reinforcements of 8,000 Marines and
sailors seem, in some cases, to have had.no time to get their
naval guns into action.'
They liad hurriedly, to relieve some of the Belgian troops
in the shrapnel-swept earthworks. Our men went into the
trenches and occupied them until Tuesday morning,
October 6th, seeing never an enemy to attack, and having
nothing to do but passively endure the terrific artillery
fire from the great German guns far in the distance. And
on Tuesday the German gunners pushed against the position
to the right of the British trenches, and held the Belgians
with shrapnel, while the German infantry pierced the line.
A Bridge of
Dead Bodies
Even in these terrible circumstances the Belgians lost
none of their courage. Before the German troops could
cross the river, their pontoons were destroyed by the
defenders, and rebuilt and again destroyed. Then 3,000
Germans tried to swim the Nethe. In the end, they walked
from bank to bank, over the most horrible bridge man ever
used—over the dead bodies of their comrades, piled above
the sunken pontoons until they rose from the u'ater.
On the ground thus terribly won, between the Nethe and
the inner line of Antwerp forts, the Germans planted some
of their lighter howitzers, and gave notice to bombard the
city. For their guns could now reach over the inner forts to
the suburbs and centre of the great old Belgian river port.
What followed in Antwerp itself was not warfare, but the
terrorisation of half a million non-combatant townspeople.
At midnight on Wednesday, October yth, the first scream¬
ing shell fell around the houses and exploded.
Some of the suburbs burst into flame, as incendiary
bombs rocketed across the smoky darkness. By the
river an immense store of petrol was set alight to prevent
the conqueror from using it. The fumes of the oil, the
flames of the bombarded houses, the flash and thunder of
the exploding shells turned beautiful, romantic Antwerp
into a scene of infernal splendour. In vague, vast, dim
crowds, the stricken, hopeless, helpless people fled at night
by river and road into Holland—a sudden, tragic exodus of
half a million men, women, and children, many of them
refugees from the burnt and ruined villages and towns of
Belgium who had come to Antwerp for safety.
Such was the wild, confused, heartbreaking civilian
aspect of the downfall of Belgium’s last and greatest
stronghold. But from the purely military point of view,
the fall of the famous city was in a way a triumph for
Belgian arms rather than a disaster. For, with the ex¬
ception of iS.ooo Belgian soldiers, chiefly volunteers, and
some 2,000 British troops who crossed into Holland—
many of them intentionally directed, or rather misdirected,
thither by a German spy,'who will never again render a
traitor sendee to his masters—and were interned by the
Dutch, the Belgian army and British brigades fought their
way to the coast, losing neither guns nor armoured trains.
On Thursday night, October 8tli, when the Germans
were trying to cut the line of retreat, the defenders of
Antwerp marched out towards Ostend, leaving some of
their forts on the eastern side still firing bravely.
The Belgians’ defence of Antwerp was a glorious close
to the campaign for civilisation which they opened two
months before at Liege. At Antwerp the Belgians rose to
their greatest height of heroism.
Saved France From a
Stab in the Back
Even as they had helped France mightily at Liege,
so did they help her at Antwerp. They diverted against
themselves, by their audacity of menace, the great siege
train which the Germans would have liked to have shifted
from Maubeuge to the Vcrdun-Toul fortressed line in
Eastern France. In the middle of this fortressed line, at
Saint Mihiel, the Germans had made a gap. With two
hundred heavy howitzers, sent through Metz, they might
have so widened the gap as to have poured an army against
the rear of the allied front on the Aisne. The Belgians at
Antwerp prevented this stab in the back of their friends.
Never can Britain and France repay Belgium. Eternal
glory is hers, and the passionate admiration of every soul
that prizes the highest things in civilisation.
Page 221
The War Illustrated, 24/// October, 1911.
The !ast of the refugees to leave Antwerp as the Germans entered the city are seen crossing the River Scheldt—some of them by the rive;*
ferry-boat and some by the pontoon bridge, temporarily erected and afterwards destroyed to prevent the Germans following the
retreating soldiers and fleeing citizens. The river was flowing with oil, run to waste so as not to be of service to the invaders.
Some of the plucky defenders before the evacuation of the city. This photograph shows a party of British Marines with a motor transport
waggon and two of the armoured motor-cars that proved of great service in the defence of Antwerp.
A British armoured motor-car in the town. To the very last the sight of a British sailor or Marine was an occasion for cheers, even
though those who cheered knew that our men were too few in numbers, and too short of big guns, to be materially helpful.
One of our Marines, wounded while
helping to man the trenches, is escorted
back to the town by a comrade.
The ir«zr Illustrated , 24 tli October , 1914 . Page 222
With the Antwerp Garrison in the Town and in the Trenches
Marines, having scooped out a trench by the roadside, hold a commanding position
with their Maxim. The Marine with the flag is a signaller. Owing to the distant range
from which the Germans fired, our machine-guns could not do much effective work.
Some of the Antwerp garrison, forced back from the outer fortifications by heavy artillery fire that they could not return, made a
determined stand at Vieux Dieu. They are here shown in company with British sailors erecting barbed-wire entanglements to block
the road at Vieux Dieu. Barbed wire, to impede attacks by infantry or cavalry, has been greatly in evidence during the war.
Page 223
The War Illustrated, 24 Ih October , 1914.
British Naval Men Watch a “ Black Maria” Shell Explode
When the men of the British naval .force arrived at Antwerp early
in October they found that rough trenches |had been prepared
for them. These they improved and strengthened with timber
and sandbags. While they were digging, a German aeroplane
hovered overhead and dropped smoke-bombs, which gave the
exact point of marksmanship for the enemy's artillery. The
defence of Antwerp was a courageous undertaking, and its
surrender in face of the weight of the enemy’s artillery was strategio
policy as well as military necessity. Britain’s share in the defenc?
is a story that reflects no discredit on our nation or our arms.
The IFar Illustrated, 24 th October, 1914.
l’ago 224
British Naval Men
Strengthening the Antwerp Trenches
Royal Marines in the trenches outside Lierre. On the left is the
shelter to which they rushed when shells burst too close.
Men of the British Naval Brigade carrying ammunition into the trenches that
formed part of Antwerp’s inner line of defence, and were prepared for them
before their arrival to assist the gallant Belgians. Inset: Protected by heaps
of sandbags and other hastily-made defences the Navy men wait for Germans
to appear.
Hidden frorn the gaze hostile airmen and protected from Another trench at Lierre, hastily excavated alongside a tree—
Black Marias. The shelter was covered with tufts of grass. lined path. A machine-gun supports the Marines who occupy it.
Jfagc 225
The War Illustrated, 1 \th October, 1914 .
Armoured Motor-car and Train in Action at Antwerp
An armoured motor-car scouring the roads round Antwerp-
Just ahead a shell from one of the attacking army's big guns
has burst, throwing off a terrific cloud of ihick black smoke.
A Belgian officer looks to see what damage has been done.
So that it might be able to fire at the big German siege-guns, an
armoured train, manned by Belgians and British, sallied out
from Antwerp. The recoil vibration of firing a broadside
made the whole train rock on the railway line.
The French Marines are also handy with the bayonet. During a violent engagement near Ghent, their long, deadly weapons frightened
four hundred Germane into surrender, and compelled others to retire. This photograph shows some French Marines advancing
expectedly through a field not far from Antwerp. The square photo above depicts the Marines with trophies captured from the enemy.
The TFftr Illustrated, 24 th October, 1914.
French Marines also tried to Succour the Bombarded Town
The French Marines wear long overcoats, buttoned back at the
knees, like the French infantry, and the peculiar French sailor’s
hat. Some are here shown marching to the trenches at Antwerp.
.
-
■ *
K-
The small square picture shows a bridge in Antwerp which was blown up by British Marines as the Germans advanced. Their
artillery had started a conflagration in the adjacent buildings. In the large picture Germans on their way into Antwerp are seen
passing a church that has been made a charred shell by their fire.
Pa^o 227
The War Illustrated, 24 th October, 1914.
Flames of War Lighting German Approach to Antwerp
Contich is a village seven miles from the Central Station of Antwerp
on the Turnhout RaiLway. When the great Krupp guns had fired the
buildings seen above the few remaining inhabitants fled in panic
towards the city, where, alas! no relief could be offered them.
The lPar Illustrated , 24 tli October , 1914.
Pdiro 228
The Weary Pilgrimage from the Bombarded City to Safety
One of the saddest things in the whole refugee situation is that families are broken up and scattered, individual members being entirely
ignorant if the other members are even alive. This photograph shows a wall in a village where passing refugees have written messages
to their friends on the faint chance that they will be read by the eyes for which they are intended.
A common scene in the Dutch viTlages near the Belgian frontier
after the Germans had taken Antwerp. Dutch villages often
found accommodation for many times their own population.
Only very fortunate refugees were able to find conveyances to
carry themselves and their possessions out of the war zone.
Belgian families fleeing from
Antwerp. If the little children
taken from their homes to
seek safety in other countries
realised what it all meant they
would not have regarded the
migration as the picnic many
of them thought it to be. The
novelty of the proceeding
appealed to them, and their
innocence was both pathetic
and gratifying.
The H'ar Illustrated, 2\ili October , 1914.
Ancient Ghent Falls to the Modern Huns
In the early hours of October 12th a party of German cyclists, infantry, and Uhlans entered Ghent. The commanding officer
proceeded to the town-hall and conferred with the burgomaster and town councillors. The German flag was afterwards hoisted
over the town hall, as shown in the circular photograph. The lower picture show9 the German soldiers outside the town-hall.
After the fall of Antwerp part of the German army approached
Ghent, which, having been declared an open town, offered no
opposition. This photograph shows Belgian forces leaving the
town an hour before the first patrol of Germans arrived.
The W-ar Illustrated, 24 th October, 1914.
Tage 230
How Russians Brought a Zeppelin to Earth
While a Russian cavalry brigade with horse artillery was
moving from Mlawa, in Poland, towards the Prussian frontier in
late September, Zeppelin IV. approached at great speed. The
brigade immediately opened fire. The first shot fell short, the
second overshot the mark, the third damaged the balancing
mechanism and the rudder. With her nose tilted in the air, the
Zeppelin managed to move off, disappearing behind a wood, and
dropping bombs. The battery limbered up, galloped through the
woods, unlimbered again, and re-opened fire, the first shot taking
effect. The airship sank slowly to earth and was captured.
to the skin, fixed bayonets and charged. They swept down on the
Kaiser’s crack regiment, the Prussian Guards, like an avalanche.
It was all over in ten minutes, and our spoil amounted to six
machine-guns, 38,000 rounds of ammunition—which was later
turned against the Germans — and 150 dejected prisoners.
Page 231
The II ur Illustrated, 24th October 1914.
Guards’ Brilliant Capture of Machine-Guns
During the crossing of the Aisne, on September 13th, a stretch
of open country lay immediately ahead of the British troops,
then a wood. It was raining heavily. As our gallant men
approached cover a murderous machine-gun fire raked them. The
Irish Guards, 3rd Coldstreams, and 2nd Grenadiers, drenched
The War Illustrated, 24 th October , 1914.
Page 232
THE AGONY OF A NATION FLIGHT FROM H ANTWERP
Described by A. G. HALES
J AM sending this account of Flemish terrors from a
little village called Eckercn, close up to Antwerp,
hoping to get it through Holland to London. On all
sides terror reigns. The cry goes from lip to lip : "Antwerp
has fallen 1 ” and the despairing echo is “ The Uhlans arc
coming 1 God help us ! ”
An official told me that all the best pictures in the citv
had been collected, by order of the King of the Belgians, to
be transferred to London at once to save them from the
rapacity of the. Kaiser’s hordes. The citv is on fire in
many places, and the conflagration lifts up the kindly
curtain that darkness has lowered upon the writhing of a
people.
The scenes in all the townships and villages between
Antwerp and Holland simply beggar description. Eckercn
is sickening in its intense misery. Women of all ages are
rushing about frantic with fear and misery ; mothers
doing all they can to help the famished, footsore wretches
thrown helpless and homeless upon the mercy of the world,
but it is a great strain upon their resources.
At Rosscndalc and Bergcn-op-Zoom, the two first railway
stations over the Netherlands frontier, there remains
a horde of stranded waifs of all ages, sexes, and social
standing. Every train that goes out is packed to its very
utmost capacity with refugees, making anywhere and
anyhow to some haven of refuge. No charge is made, no
tickets asked for. Food*is given by Government and the
general public, but there is no bedding for hundreds ; they
just throw themselves down and sleep on bare floors, on
tables, or out in the open, thankful to have escaped the
lances of the men the Kaiser is so proud of describing as
the finest cavalry in Europe. At Bergen - op - Zoom I
beheld a sight that all England should have seen, and then
I think volunteers would flock to the colours, not in hundreds
Fugitives waiting patiently to cross the pontoon bridge and get away from Antwerp in the wake of the retreating army.
hunting for lost children gone astray in the panic ; husbands
searching for wives and little ones ; old women totter along
the roads, moaning and wringing their hands ; aged men,
clinging to the arms of younger folk, stagger northwards,
alternately praying to God and cursing the Kaiser. It
is the most pitiful sights the sun ever looked down upon.
At Cappcllcn, the next township northwards, the sights
were even worse. I saw an army of women practically'
demented by fear. They were as bad as the Macedonian
women who fled in 1903 in front of the Turkish Bashi-
Bazouks. Sick women and men were being carried on
mattresses, preferring death from exposure to the tender
mercies of the Kaiser’s cavalry, who were expected in that
direction as soon as the city fell.
At Heide and C.appelle-au-Bois the sights were heart¬
rending. People worn with fear and running lay about
sleeping—the sleep of semi-paralysis—Tittle children who
had been sundered from their parents and had been swept
ITollandwards in 1 the maelstrom of human anguish,
crouched anywhere and anyhow, hungry, weary, and livid¬
lipped.
A few months ago all these places were peaceful and
prosperous ; now they are beyond portrayal. The terror
of German deeds in Belgium is so great that the very fear
of their coming has driven a homely, thrifty, kindly people
to the verge of madness. The Dutch people seem to be
per day, but in thousands, determined to crush the heathen
tyrant who had made such misery possible.
The waiting-rooms and platforms were crammed with
people, woe-worn and weary. On the side of the railway
line there was packed a perfect mass of odds and ends that
fugitives had snatched up in the moment of flight from
home—and on or near this medley of household idols sat,
stood, or lay the owners in scanty' attire in the pitiless night.
Many of the women were sobbing with dry-eyed mournful¬
ness that was a million times worse than tears. Now and
again some poor wretch would rise and cry aloud the name
of a lost child, and when no answer came the crier would
crumple up and go down in a shapeless heap, her dishevelled
hair falling over her haggard face like a kindly veil.
They were good to the children, these poor, worn women.
I saw one take off her jacket, and there was nothing under¬
neath but a thin calico garment that left her neck and
bosom bare to the raw night air. She had seen a little
child nearly nude asleep by the railway line. The youngster
was not hers, but they are universal mothers, these women.
Thrusting the little one’s legs throrigh the arms of the
jacket, she buttoned the garment round the body of the
waif, and laid it very tenderly down to sleep in something
like warmth, whilst she lay awake and shivered. This
may not be the bravery of the battlefield, but it is the
bravery that makes the other sort possible.
Page 233
The War Illustrated . £ 4 th October , 1914.
Silent Witnesses of German Orgy and Pillage
W E , have had valuable allies in the great stores of
French champagne which the Germans pillaged as
they marched through the wine country around Rheims
and Epcrnav. The hand that trembles with drunken
debauchery is not the hand that can grasp a bayonet
to advantage, and the eye that is dulled by drink is
not in a condition to aim a rifle. Many hundreds of
German soldiers have been .made prisoners when " blind
to the world,” as the expressive saying goes, so that,
however much we may despise the bestial practices of
the enemy, we 'may regard them as working to our
advantage in making their Victims unfit to fight. The
men merely followed the example of their officers in
their drunkenness and pillage.
A scene in a beautiful chateau at Lempest, near Malines, where
a Belgian shell came through the wall and put to flight a company
of German pillagers, who left behind them this riot of wanton ruin,
A dressing-table in a room in the same chateau showing drawers
emptied by German thieves, who stole what they could take with
them and destroyed most of what they could not carry.
_—T, .
Germany, and many hundreds of them have been taken prisoners
when drunk. Scenes like the above have been, to the discredit
of the German nation, very common during the war.
The hall of a Belgian mansion where drunken Germans rioted
before being driven away by Belgian artillery. The finest wine-
cellars of France have been pillaged by the sottish soldiery of
The IF a r Illustrated , 24 th October , 1914.
Pa 12:0 234
The Tragedy of War Shorn of its Glory—
THE sad plight of the people of Belgium has opened the
1 channels of charity in nearly every country in the world
except Germany and her ally. Money has been sent from
far Australia and from America to relieve the distress of an
entire country, but the greatest aid has been rendered by
Holland, Fiance, and Great Britain, where few doors are
shut against the poor people whose dire need is the pass¬
port to every sympathetic heart, and few cars have been
deaf to the urgent claims of destitute humanity. It is an
honour and privilege to be able to help a nation that, from
its gallant King to its humblest peasant, preferred death
to the yoke of German dominion. The reward of Belgium
will come in the fulness of time, and every tear of every
Belgian widow will be reckoned in the price that Germany
must pay for the treachery and presumption that sent
feeble women- and helpless children into the world homeless.
An oid man of Antwerp is being helped along the A scene in the retreat from Antwerp. It was a sore ordeal for Belgium to yield
road that leads to Holland by his two sons who have up her most strongly fortified city, but it was a choice of the lesser of two evils,
shouldered arms in the defence of their country. the alternative being the prospect of having her army surrounded and captured.
Holland was the near goal of the hapless populace of Antwerp
when driven from their homes by the German advance. A Dutch
soldier is here shown helping an Antwerp.family across the frontier.
During this forced 11 flitting ” of a Belgian refugee family,
a British warrior mode friends with the children and helped
them on their way to the shelter of neutral Holland.
A group of well-to-do Belgian refugees who had to feed on
turnips taken from the fields as they left Ghent for Ostend before
crossing to England.
Bound for England and British hospitality. The Red Cross
ship is taking Antwerp refugees from Ostend, and the passengers
on a cross—channel steamer are cheering her as they pass.
Page 235
The IFar Illustrated, 24 th October, 1914.
the Pitiable Plight of the Belgian People
The Dutch have preserved their neutrality, but their hearts go out to the
victims of Germany, and they have lent their aid practically and ungrudg¬
ingly. Here we see some Dutch soldiers looking after Belgian children.
An old Belgian peasant and his wife who found
asylum in London. Notice the label on his ccat,
telling his destination, as he could not speak English.
These Dutch soldiers in Putten, one of the villages of Holland
just over the Belgian frontier, are assisting the old women and
children—refugees who have crossed from Antwerp.
/
The ir«r Illustrated, 24 Ik October, 1314.
Are We Too Kind to
Page 236
Our German Prisoners
!
- r* ■■■ l ave « ui ectbo, occupying ineir time by playing cards and leao-froq. But British motives
Germany are made to work for their food, and are here shown digging trenches under the surveillance - * P
ance of armed guards.
jS the kindness we have been showing
German prisoners misguided ?
British prisoners of war in the Kaiser’s
dominion are not having an easy
time. They are made to dig trendies
and do other hard manual labour;
the deficiencies in their clothing arc
made up in very rough-and-ready
fashion; the German public, par¬
ticularly the feminine portion' of it,
is warned not to show them anv
sympathy. Contrast this with the
treatment meted out to German
prisoners in our own concentration
camps.
Their life is one of ease and
enjoyment. Cards and leap-frog keep
them from being dull. They can
organise concerts, the music being
provided by their own band, and
during the time when young British
patriots, who had thrown up good
positions and comfortable homes to
join Lord Kitchener’s army, were
suffering from an insufficiency of
blankets, the prisoners had enough
and to spare. Their chuckles over
such soft treatment must surely be
mixed with sneers.
Bocal residents at Frimlcy presented
them with chocolates and cigarettes
and filled their water-bottles with beer.
What would our brave lads in the
firing-line, what would some of our
wounded in the hospitals, what would
the maimed and permanently disabled
Belgian non-combatants say to such
flabby sentimentality ?
Wi.h the approach of cold weather, German
prisoners at Frimley, Surrey, were supplied with
extra blankets, and are shown carrying them.
u ** » "iisguiaeo, wnicnever you prefer, presented chnrnlat
Paget 237
The lT’ar Illustrated, 24 th October t 1914.
With the German Army in the Field
On the Franco-German frontier the feeding arrangements of the Kaiser’s forces are entirely satisfactory, this picture showing a
well-equipped German field bakery near a railway-siding in the little French village of Confians, about twenty miles from IVletz.
The trenches of the opposing armies along the Aisne were sometimes so near that men
could shout across to their enemies. A good view of a German trench is given here.
Protected from shell fire, some of the soldiers smoke and read while their comrades watch.
A Gorman soldier draws a caricature
of General Joffre on a German train
that is labelled “ Express to Paris.”
The German soldiery favours the style oF hairdressing that is enforced in our prisons—" a close crop ! ” Laft picture show3 German
army barbers, possibly recalled from a barber’s shop in Britain, at work upon their comrades. Right picture: German soldiers, having
broken into a country school-room, TAKE the scholars’ desks outside and turn THEIVI into luncheon tables.
The IF ar Illustrated , 24 th October, 1914.
Page 233
German Guns that Won’t Trouble Mr. Atkins Again
■THE war is seeing a class of import into Great Britain
that will find no place in the statistical returns of the
Board of Trade—captured German guns. While the
western theatre of war has not seen the huge captures
of guns that have been made by our Russian allies, still,
the number taken has been considerable, and makes our
men hungry for more. It was announced officially on Sept¬
ember 12th that the Third French Army at the Battle of
the Marne had captured the entire gun equipment of a
German army corps, about 1O0 guns. " On September nth
Sir John French reported that the British, in one forward
movement, had taken ten guns and fifty transport waggons.
LimDer-waggons ot German guns, with piles ot ammunition lying round, abandoned by the retreating soldiers ot the Kaiser
during the fighting along the Marne. The guns were captured by tl French’s contemptible little army,” and will adorn the publio
parks of Britain.
This trainload of captured German guns was photographed when about to be sent off to one of the Channel ports, for shipment
to Britain, as trophies of war and as concrete evidence of the success of our brave soldiers.
Page 239
“Servia Must Be Crushed”
The War Illustrated, 24f h October, 1914.
Says Berlin—Servia Smiles
A Rod Cross nurse bathing the foot of a Servian soldier in a
palace that formerly belonged to the Turkish Sultan at Uskub.
Servia, spurred to great effort and gallantr y by the knowledge of
a just cause, has captured a multitude of Austrian prisoners.
The roll-call of one batch is here shown being held at Nisch.
Servian soldiers, wounded in Bosnia, arriving at Nisch. The Two wounded Servians take exercise in the hospital grounds
Servians have proved individually superior to their opponents. at Nisch, attended by nurses. The Servians are born fighters.
/
The Il'rtr Illustrated, 24 th October, 1914.
Pago 240
Dogs and Birds that Help the Allied Armies
ANIMALS are playing an important and useful partin
the war. Many of the sturdy dogs, which in the days of
peace dragged milk and other light carts through the quaint
Flemish streets, were commandeered and harnessed to the
quick-firing guns of the Belgian Army. Such a post of
honour has its dangers, and the loss among these docile
animals has been unfortunately severe, though not so drastic
as that inflicted on the German spy-dogs. The Germans
have trained dogs to trot up to opposing trenches and give
a warning bark if they are occupied. Our soldiers first
imagined this to be friendliness on the part of the animals
and petted them. Now they have realised its true-intention,
and any dogs seen prowling on the battlefield are shot.
Belgian dog-drawn machine-gun waiting for its regiment. The mortality among these brave dogs has bean unfortunately high.
The French war-dog Prusco, employed in carrying messages
from a motor-cycle scout to headquarters. This dog and his
companions have penetrated the enemy’s lines on many occasions.
French trooper releasing pigeon with message for headquarters.
Germans in Britain are not allowed to own pigeons, owing to
the well-known information-carrying abilities of these birds.
Pago 241
. The War Illustrated , 24 th October, 7914.
World-wide Echoes of the Clash of Arms
Mother Stavne, of Dormovo, in Germany, was born in 1794,
and remembers Napoleon’s retreat from Moscow. As his
soldiers came near, she fled to the forest with her mother.
Belgian peasant removing his pets before his eottage at
Waelen was destroyed, along with many other buildings, to
clear the ground for the unsuccessful defence of Antwerp.
“Good-bye, dearest, and good luck!” A Dutch conscript,
called up before his time, bidding farewell to his sweetheart.
Dutch soldiers line the Dutch frontier to preserve strict
neutrality.
Now fighting together round the German naval fort of Tsingtao
—a British sailor with a fighting man of the Japanese Navy.
Germany never imagined that Japan would begin operations
against them.
'he TTar Illustrated, 24 th October, 1914.
Page 242
“ It is Nothing, Messieurs;
it is for France ”
i
1
Individual bravery shines bright in every war, and, to the credit
of twentieth-century manhood, it shines in undiminished bril-
llancy in the present campaign. One of our artists here dspicts
the heroic conduct of a wealthy Paris merchant who continued
Page 243
The War Illustrated, 24 th October, 1914.
Mrs. Winterbottom, the American wife of a British officer, raced her car
through two miles of shell-swept road in order to transport some wounded
Belgian soldiers from one of the Antwerp -forts irto the city. She
succeeded in her daring errand and went through unscathed.
Jeorgcs Andre, one ot France’s best
thietes and a Rugby International,
aptured a German standard in Lorraine,
and was decorated for his exploit.
Private.J. Warwick, of the 2nd Durham
Light Infantry, recommended for the
Victoria Cross for saving four lives under
terrific fire at the Battle of the Aisne.
.
The breeds of men that fought on both sides of the firing-line at Waterloo
and at Balaclava have not deteriorated. This war has more than its share
of instances of individual heroism, and only a very small number of them
will ever be recorded. One wounded soldier from the battles of France
has stated that it would be a shame to select men for Victoria Crosses when
every man deserves a Victoria Cross.
These three photographs are of three heroes. On the left is Captain
ftesterolf, the first Russian aviator to loop the loop, who charged a German
aviator hovering over the Russian lines, killing the enemy, and meeting his
own death. The centre photograph is General Manour, yof the French
Army, decorated for having saved the lives of two private soldiers during
the Battle of the Marne, and the man on the left is lieutenant Dawes, of
the Royal Flying Corps, who has been decorated with the Legion of Honour
for distinguished bravery. He was reported missing for three days, during
which time he was hiding with some comrades in a wood surrounded by
Germans, afterwards swimming the river and reaching the British lines again
The War I Hast rated, 24/// October, 1914.
Page 244
HOW THE WAR WAGES: SSS
The Deadlock on the Aisne
QX October 15th, a full month after the retreating
Germans made their stand by the River Aisne, the
position of affairs on this part of the battle-front was almost
unchanged. In four weeks the allied armies had only
advanced one mile or two, taking the first earthworks
of the invader. Far, however, from the Battle of the
Aisne being over, the new positions of the enemy at the
middle of October seemed to be stronger than their first
lines. They showed no signs of yielding ground in their
new open-air fortress. '
* * *
ALL along the front the bombardment continued day
and night, the opposing guns throwing shells at each
other across the river valley, and changing shell for shrapnel
when a movement of the hostile infantry was noticed.
The troops, for the most part, sprawled or crouched in
muddy holes in the earth, getting an occasional shot at
a very cautious enemy. Neither guns nor rifles did much
harm. An attack of muscular rheumatism was the chief
danger in the allied trenches, while enteric fever ravaged
the foul German earthworks.
ft * *
The Struggle Round Verdun
jyiEANWHILE the German army, that had been brought
up to the strength of a million and a half of men, was
endeavouring to make new use of its enormous train of
siege artillery. The strong lino of French fortresses on
the eastern frontier, from Verdun to Toul and Belfort,
was assailed on the Meuse by an army from Metz and by
the army of the Crown Prince in the Forest of Argonne
in the north. But the French had been taught a lesson
by the unexpected fall of their fortress at Maubeuge. Their
great eastern fortresses were practically abandoned ;
the garrisons constructed new earthworks, like those on
the Aisne, far in advance of their forts, moving many of
their guns out into hidden shelters under the open air.
* * *
A CHAIN of eastern fortifications, with movable artillery
behind them in concealed positions, stretched from
Switzerland to the province of Picardy in Northern France.
All this was an immense advantage to General Joffrc.
He was able to fight as Wellington did from the lines of
Torres Vedras, in the Peninsular War. He had, moreover,
something like two million men along the front, with another
million or more Territorial reserves.
At Verdun and other critical points scattered masses
of his troops operated in advance of their lines, and defeated
all the German attempts to envelop the forts. In the
Forest of Argojmc and along the heights of the Meuse,
between \ erdun and Toul, the French mountain troops
fought continually amid the trees and rocks, in a fierce,
wild, irregular kind of warfare, in which the dash, skill
and initiative of the Trench soldier told heavily against
the docile, over-disciplined German trooper. By the
middle of October thousands of Germans had been
ambushed or outflanked round Verdun and between Verdun
and I 'oul. The invaders were farther away from the frontier
barrier than they had been in August.
* * ' *
The Advance into Belgium
'pIL strongest point in the German front was the angle
near Compiegne, where the Aisne flows into the
Oise. Within this angle Kluck could shift his forces
rapidly from one side to the other, while the allied
commanders had to bring their troops slowly over a larger
distance round the outside of the angle. This, therefore,
was the region in which the German general made his
fiercest, swiftest attempts to pierce the allied line.
* * , *
X HE towns and villages north of Compiegne became
places of constant call for both Germans and French
Usually he Germans paid the first visit.. Their cavalry
and airmen came to see if the way were clear. If not
the gunners cleared the way and the infantry advanced
Then, from a neighbouring hill, the 3 in. French quick-
fiiers played on the infantry, while the heavier guns,
somewhere on the horizon, shelled the German batteries.
When the German guns were beaten the German army
retired into its holes. By the middle of October the sway¬
ing movement of attack and counter-attack at the
strongest point in the German front appeared to have been
firmly settled by a French victory all round the perilous
angle. Only a large reinforcement of good quality could
have enabled General Kluck to resume the offensive.
* * *
"piIE offensive, however, was retained by General Joffre.
He moved many of his best troops from south of Lille
into Belgium on a great turning movement that threat¬
ened at first Kluck’s right wing. Early in October, Kluck
countered the blow. The British army was then moved
from the Aisne into Belgium. There linked with the Indian
troops and the French, it drove back the Germans and
reached the lovely old Flemish city of Ypres on October 14th.
» s= *
The Adventures of the Belgian Army
p|AI) the first attempt to envelop Kluck been as vigor¬
ously pressed as was the later advance on Ypres,
the Belgian army in Antwerp might have stood their
ground, for the services of the German forces besieging
the Flemish river port would have been urgently needed by
General Kluck. As it was, the Germans were, able to
support their great siege howitzers, firing from Malines on
the Antwerp forts, by four army corps, while another
30,000 men moved eastward from Brussels to block the
retreat of the Belgian army between Ghent and Antwerp.
❖ ” 5,’C *
JI was this blocking movement, effected on Thursday,
October 8th, that brought about the downfall of
Antwerp. The defending army, reinforced by three
brigades of British Marines and sailors with naval guns,
could still have held back the assailers for some time
longer. But as General Joffre could not guarantee an
immediate advance towards Ghent, King Albert decided
to ensure the safety of his army at the expense of Antwerp.
QX the night of Thursday, October 8th, the main body of
Belgian and British forces crossed the Scheldt under
the protection of the forts still firing on that side of the
town. Then began in the darkness, lighted by the flaming
suburbs of the falling stronghold, the great march to the
sea. Up to Sunday, October nth, rearguard fighting
occurred to the cast of Ghent. Some 20,000 Belgian
soldiers, including 2,000 British troops, were misled by a
spy, and escaped surrender only by crossing into Holland
and laying down their arms. But the main allied forces
arrived weary but intact at Ostend with their guns.
* * *
THE main army of Germans in Belgium lost much valu¬
able time by parading in triumph through the empty
streets of Antwerp. Though they afterwards moved oil
Ghent, collecting 100,000 men there for a sweep eastward
towards Calais, the plan was carried out too slowly. By
October 12th the Allies had turned and opened battle
round Ghent, and Anglo-French forces were occupying Ypres.
£ * ifi
The Mighty Clash of S.'av and Teuton
JN the eastern theatre of the Great War the German
advance on Warsaw was suddenly checked on Tuesdav,
October 13th. The Germans were only ten miles from the
old Polish capital when the Russians attacked on the left
bank of the f istula and drove their enemies back for
thirty miles. T en million men were reported to be under
the Russian colours. Their front stretched across Poland,
following the course of the Vistula, then bent down towards
the Austrian frontier, and extending along the Carpathian
mountains into Hungary. Behind this front were vast
bodies of reserves. The Germans have in Russian Poland
four great armies that began to advance on September
27th by different routes, converging to the point at which
a decisive blow was to be struck. This point was Warsaw.
At the same, time a large German-Austrian force operating
from Cracow endeavoured to reconquer Galicia. Under
such circumstances the hugest of human conflicts began.
CHOOSE
YOUR CAREER
Yes ; CHOOSE your career ; MAKE your
career ; that is the ONLY way to keep your
position secure, it s no use folding your hands
and waiting for something to turn up. Nothing
comes in the world of work to him who
waits, except a tombstone. The men who
make their way, who succeed m spite of every
obstacle, who win and hold good positions,
are the men who have a definite object nnd
who, whatever happens, determinedly push
and fight to get there.
If you are unable to enlist, what is your
aim ? Read this list of
Positions for which the I.C.S. Qualify Students.
Advertisement Writer ....
Architect.
Book-keeper.
Builder.
Cabinet Maker.
Chauffeur .
Cotton Worker .
Draughtsman.
Dynamo Attendant .
Electrical Engineer.
Foreign Correspondent ..
Joiner .
Mechanical Engineer ....
Mining Engineer.
Motor Engineer .
Patternmaker .
Quantity Surveyor.
Salesman. '
Show Card Writer
Steam Engineer .
Structural Engineer .
Window Dresser.
Woollen Worker .
If you will write to us we will send you full
particulars of the training the International
Correspondence Schools will give you to
qualify you for any of the above positions.
Please name which position you are in or
want to be in, even if it is not given above.
These Schools give a thorough, practical and
up-to-date training ; not a mere theoretical
training, but a practical training by practical
men for practical men. Address—using our
full address, so as to avoid delay—
INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOLS, LTD.
135(1, INTERNATIONAL BUILDINGS, KINCSWAY, LONDON.
(To avoid delay please use our full address.)
In Time of War
Prepare for Peace
Thr I Vur Illustrated, 24 th October, 1514.
Making our Soldiers Happy
By THE EDITOR
B RAVO ! my readers. And thanks for what you hay
done for the scheme I inaugurated for the comfor
of our soldiers at the front.
A smoker myself—too heavy a smoker, perhaps, for the
good of both my health and my pocket — J know what it
means to be without the material to have one of the chief
solaces of a busy editor’s life—a good smoke.
That explains why I was keen about this scheme of
providing something-to-smoke for the soldiers in the
trenches and our sailers at their monotonous wait outside
Heligoland for an enemy who will not come out to fight,
but who tries to do us damage by the cowardly sea-mi nc.
You have responded nobly to my appeal. Already you
have enabled me to make more than 14,000 of our fighting
men happy by sending them w'hat they miss most—
" something good to smoke.”
Every sixpence you send buys about one-and-six pence
worth of tobacco and cigarettes, and this is possible because
we arranged to send the parcels out of a bonded warehouse
without paying any Customs duty. This is a system
by which a sixpence is made to go’ three times as far as
usual in purchasing power.
1 suppose that you have all been interested like myself
in the letters from soldiers at the front and from sailors with
our silent fleet. You have noticed how often they refer
to the lack of tobacco and cigarettes. A prominent man
who has just been visiting the front tells me that when there
he heard of soldiers giving away their overcoats for a few
packets of cigarettes !
How foolish, we may say. Quite true ; it is foolish to
do a thing like that. But however foolish it may be. it
shows how much a good smoke means to a soldier.
Our soldiers arc not the wisest and most prudent men in
the world ; but they arc the stillest fighters in the world,
and that is good enough for us. \Yc who have to stay
at home cannot do very much for them in their posts of
danger, but we are all willing to do what we can. One
thing we can do is to send them tobacco and cigarettes. 1
would dearly like to be able to send two packets a week to
every fighting man. But that is too much to hope for ;
that would mean spending £1 0,000 a week. So we must
be content to do a good bit less.
But you sec how much there is to do. You see that
however much we have done, we have left far more
undone. We have made 14,000 soldiers happy to date,
and by the time this page is seen by vou in print the number
will certainly have exceeded 20,000.
But still 1 want more. I want all the sixpences 1 can
get—all you can send me — all you can collect for me. 1
have sent a shilling pipe for every five shillings vou have
sent in. This means that already over 1,400 pipes are on
the way to our soldiers in the trenches, and by the time you
read this over 2,000 will lie on the way as my contribution
to the cause.
On the back page of this week’s number you will find
a list of those who contributed to the fund during the
fourth week of the fund, and also the names of those
collectors who returned their collecting-books during that
week.
Now, if you who read these lines have not already sent
your contribution, please send it along at once. Make it
as big as you can, so as to make as many soldiers as possible
happy. You cannot possibly overdo if.
If you are one of those who have already contributed,
then don’t you think you would like to help some more ?
Also, in addition to contributing yourself, you mav be able
to collect from your friends and’neighbours for the goo:
cause. Address your subscription to
“ Soniething-to-Smoke Fund,”
War Illustrated,
The Fleetway House,
London, E.C.
mo will help ? Will you ?
Yours faithfully.
(J'
'tfC&Csa-i ’
ch O
The War Illustrated.
z4th October, tot i.
Will YOU Help to Make the Soldiers Happy?
What We Are Doing—and What ,You Can JDo
The response of our readers to our appeal for'
the men .finder fire in the trenches has been.
most'gratifying.- It is not measured only bv
the donations acAuou A c/ged', of which the third
list appears below. There arc hundreds of
collectors busy all over the kingdom, inviting
their friends to give to the fund, so that there
are at present some hundreds of pounds
already collected, but not in our hands.
We arc asking for sixpences. Every reader
can spare one sixpence at least. Most can
spare many sixpences.
What does a sixpence do ?
It delivers *into the hands'of a soldier in
the fighting line two cakes of tobacco and ten
cigarettes—the parcel being worth between
is.'and is. Cd. in this country. Sixpence can
do so much because no duty is paid on the
goods, so that every sixpence goes in tobacco
and cigarettes, none in taxes.
This picture shows what each soldier gets.
Tor. every five shillings contributed by our
readers we add to the parcels sent a one-shilling
pipe. That is our contribution, equal in value
to one-fifth of all the money sent up by our
readers. *
IIow many sixpences can you send ?
How many can you collect ?
How many soldiers will you make happy •
Every package paid for by a sixpence sent
bv you will have your name, and address on
it', so th_at the soldier who gets it_will know
whom he has to thank? ^
In addition to the consignments sent to
twelve rcgimcilts as intimated last week, con¬
signments .have been sent forward to other
. five regiments as follows:
The Grenadier Guards
The Cameron Highlanders
5th RoyaL Irish Lancers
2nd Royal Welsh Fusiliers
King’s Liverpool Regiment
Please send your postal-orders addressed
to * The War Illustrated
“ Something-to-Smoke ” Fund,
The Heetway House,
London, E.C.
And don’t forget to put your name add address.
If you would like a collecting-sheet so that
you can get your friends to help with sub¬
scription^, please ask for one at the same time.
DONATIONS RECEIVED DURING THE FOURTH WEEK OF THE FUND
Special Collections
Some hundreds of readers asked for collect¬
ing books' so that they might invite their
friends .to contribute to our “ Something-tc-
Smokc ” Fund, and the books have begun
to: come back with handsome collections.
Many of our collectors have asked and
received a second book, not content with
haying filled one.- Here is a record of those
received back up to The morning‘of October
15 th, and those that came to hand subse¬
quently will be acknowledged next week. - The
total sum received' from this source this week -
conics to 4130 , 0 s. 9 d., and this will provide a
packet of pleasure for each of 5,200 soldiers. -
Miss A. .1. (’happell. £10: Mr. KvBates, £610s.:
Miss A. Brierley. £6 3s.: Mrs. Tom Parsley. £ 6 :
Mhs M. Jones. £5 6 s. 8 cL : -Miss Pita Stewart. £5 6 s.;
Mis< L crater. £ 5 '5s. Mr- Heritage, £5 4s: 6 d. ;
Mr.AC J'\il > fpt‘r,‘ r ‘£5 4s.: Mrs. Norman Collard,
£5 : Miss ]>. Puke, £5 : Miss 31. Lewis, £5 ; Miss ,
A da’Pollard* £5: Miss , Russell. £5; Mrs.. .M.
Shchnerdine*. £5-: Mrs.-Winifred 0. Wattcrson, £5:
Miss Wattcrson (2nd collection). £5: Mrs.,Johnson, .
£5 : Miss J.. 1>. Oliver. £4 IDs. 7d. : Mrs. A. Todd.
£3 ; -Miss Maud Maxwell.* £2 -18s. : Miss -Margaret
Brown. £2 11s. : " Bessels Green, 5 ' £2 5?. ; Master
X. H. Bussell. £2 2s. : Mr. Lees Wriglcy, jun,,
£1 16s. 6 d. : Miss Sutton, £1 10s. : Mr. A: F.
( ampin'll,-£l - 8 s. 6 d. : Miss A. Bonn. £1 Is.;
Mr!" G. Whiddett.'£1 : Mr.’Edmund Lovell. £1;
Mr. W. Simms, £1 ; L. Birch. 17s. 9d. : 'Miss S;
stiiart.'16u~ 7d. :*Mr. Ernest A.-Br.omJey.. 14s. 6 d. ;
Mr. Arthur Andus, 12s. ; Mrs. Ellis. 9s. 2d. .
1 Donation of €5 200 presents for soldiers.
• Per Mr. J. Lee Stewart (Mr.. Mrs., and Miss
Leo.Stewart). v*.- I ’ • *
1 Donation of £2 10s. 100 presents for
•’i soldiers. _ ..
Per" Mr.' B. * Marnier' Smyth. 31.1). (from two
little Anglo-Dutch girls, “Pietie and Cckkie “).
1 Donation of £1 11s. 6 d. = 63 presents for
• - > soldiers.
Per Mr. D. G. Wilson (Mr. and Mrs. Sydney
Wilson). .. - - ‘
1 Donations of £1 Is. = 42 presents for
soldiers.
. 3Jr. Q. Mould. „ r
6 Donations of £1 24D presents for soldiers.
Mr?. -Mon’teath ; 3Iiss Me Tylce ; * Miss Mary J;.
Birch Air. - and .Airs. .CniW>:haw • Samuel'
Maddock? : (Mrs. W. It. Buck, -Os.; Mr. AY. B.
B.uck,.5s. ; Mrs, XA\ Leggatt,'5s. : Miss'S. Warner,
Is. : Miss E. Blaokmore, Is. ; Miss V. Ellis. Is. ;
and Miss E. Smith). ; T ; ; .
1 Donation of 15s.- 30 presents for soldiers.
. Per 3Ir.’B7 A7 Long.
1 Donation oF 13s. 26 presents for soldiers.
Mr. MaiiLscli-Eyrc. .
1 Donation of 11s. - 22 presents for soldiers.
(Miss Harper, isy^ -31 iss &u>tt. 2s. (Id. : 31 Bs
Easterbrook, 3s. Cd. ; Miss 31/Tv. tftromgoxsh, Is.)
6 Donations of 10s. = l20presentsfor soldiers.
Alice.MacfarLujd ;.3Irs. W. Gordon-Alexaiuler ;
Pheinaryport Brewery, Ltd. ; L. C. *, Mr. F. W.
Church and family ; No Name.
1 Donation of. 8 s. 6d.=17 presents for
soldiers.
Per Miss M. Perry (from Pentre Maun Girls’
School).— - . . - . ..
1 Donation of 8s. 16 presents for soldiers.
Per Mr. H. 1). Oniric ’(secretary, .Bowniore Higher
Grade Public School Football Club).
2 Donations of 6s. = 24 presents for soldiers.
(Marv Lomax, "2s. : Benjamin Pomfret, 2s.;
Mrs. Lomax, 2s.)'; Well-wishers at Ncwchurch.
1 Donation of 5s. 6d. = 11 presents for soldiers.
Mr. James Chapman.
32 Donations of 5s. 320 presents for soldiers.
Mr. J. Percy -Cooke : Mr.: J. B. Macgrcgor ; Mr.
G. W. Marshall; Lizzie, Mary, and Jcanie Orr ;
Nettie Wheeler ; 3 Iiss FL J. M. Wylie ; 3Ir.A\ . H.
Astberry. 1). E.-and IV. ; Miss Ferguson ; per Miss
Winnie Lawday ;~'3!iss 31: L. Stout; Mrs. F.
Tyson; per Jenny M. Anderson (Mr. ami* Mrs.
Anderson); If. and W. Ardley ; “Boston Kids’ ;
Miss Denman ; Miss E. Garner : 31 r. J. Gregson ;
Mr. Jas. A. Hamer and 3Ir. W. Wainwright: . 3Iiss
Harrison"; Miss 31! Stocks ; 31r. E. Watts ; 'Iiss L.
Worthy : 31rs. Jas. Cobb ; 3 Irs. Eliza Gordon ;
(Geo.- S.-Lfetdr. •2s.--6d.,‘ and 31yrgaret H. I.ister.
2s. Cd.)‘; Misses A. and D. Matthews : MiVCmo.*
AVulkcr; Mr. Ernest F. Alexander: 3Irs. C..W.
Hell 1 well : CollKcted by 3Irs. E. Johnson; Mr.
A. T. MeMivcn-: Mr. J. Simcock. .
2 Donations of 4s. 6d. 18 presents for
poldiers.
Licnt-Col. E. C. Eicke ; 3Ir. Jackie Forrest: ••••
.1 Donation of 4s. 8 presents for soldiers.
(Mrs. Law. 31iss 31ary Law. 3Irs. Izatt. 31rs.
Eraser. 3Trs. Lamdn'd. 3Irs. Gordon Matched, Ali!ss
> Jeannie Henderson. Mrs. Henderson). .
4 Donations of 3s. 6d. 28 presents, for
soldiers. ’
* Per Minnie Blount; L. C. C. T. ; per Airs. E.
D’Arcy ; Miss' Buck. ■
9 Donations of 3s. C4 presents for soldiers.
•‘Adeline Alacgrath : . Mrs. DcnnHf *, per-Miss L*.
Ainstie ; .Mrs. 31. 3Tunns ; .Mrs. W. Hobson : 31 is.
p. Wells 31 iss; Flora Mitchell: "May, Win,'and
Bob:. Mrs.’S. JjCar.*.- < )
33’Donations of 2s. 6d. 165 presents for
soldiers.
Master Willie ( lark: 3Irs. Heber. (.'old weII :
Mrs. :iMcr';’ 31r.'Alcx. Gemmed :. Air. W. King:
Mr. H. Overbury; Mr. G. Pyc ; per Marion
Williamson : An Instructor’s Wife; 3 Iiss - E.
Barnsley : Mr.-J. II. Savage : 31 r. Frank Thomas ;
* per-. S. J Brittle (Brand, H. Brittle) ; ' Miss .Poppy
Butler; Mr: Charles Forbes; 31 r. Ha jell; 3Iiss
L. Jackson ; -Mr. Charles Douglas Ivissack ; 31 iss
Laws: Miss G/Petit : 31 r. ,('. 31. Sheldon : 31 iss
‘A! E. Thomas Mrs. F. •Caldcleugh, jun. : Mr, E.
Hampsliire and Mr. C .-Clarkson ; Miss Mary Collin ;
3liss Alice Cross ; Air. F. (tally and Friends ; 31iss
(Lira Tasker: Air. F. Cox: 3Uss W. Petit: Eva
Terrain ;. 3Iaggie )>tecr ; 31 r. Sidney Thomas.
42 Donations of 2s. = 163 presents for
' soldiers.
Miss Hose Judges; Miss A. P7enr.cll and 3Ir. V.
Kcnnell : Gertrude W. Knight : Miss Grace Oliver
and Miss Violet Borclmin ; Ethel Maud'Kobarts
and 31r. Fred J. .Banes ; 31 r. and 3Irs. it. I. Huth ;
31 r. E. A. Saunders ; Ada B. Watts : Mrs. W. X.
Wells and 31iss Kathleen Wells; 31iss Dorothy' A.
Bates; 3Iiss Hannah Clarke; Gladys B. franks,
per 31. (taunt (Freda Gaunt); per Kcsa Goodcr-
' ham 3Ir. H. X. Mann : Mr. G. H. 31iller ; 3Ir.
" J. 1. Smith : 3*r. F. W. Jones' (third contribution);
per Albert E. Page (second contribution by the
Standard Vll. boys of Houndslleld Bond School.
Fklmonton); per XI r. L. Shield (Mr. W. J. Gerry.
3Ir. Wayman Wilson James, Gertie Shield, and
Mr. Leonard Shield) ; 3Ir. E. Stead ; Mr. S. A-
Woods; 31iss A. Cox; 31iss Edwards* 31r.
Greaves; M r. F. B. Lowe; James Buxton (aped
15); Doris M. Stephenson; Emily Watts; 3Iiss
E. Colley : (Mr. G. Cranston, and 3Ir. S. Bound) ;
3Ir. Tom Hayward ; A few Luton Girls; 3Irs.
Wood: 'per Miss E. Blyth (Father, mother, and
Emily); Airs. T.argent, and E. F. E. Chilling-
worth ; Georgie Foster ; 31 iss 31. V. Hillier ; Mr. K.
Lambut; Nettie Morton ; 31 r. George Tweedy
and 3.1 r. A. Tel for ; Dorothy .Warran ; 31i*s. E.
Williams and 31iss 31. I. Williams.
18 Donations of Is. 6d.=54 presents for
soldiers.
3Ia-ter Eric ().. Cook : (Wilhclmina Howe,
Isabel Howe, and Mr. Bolcrt Howe) : Mrs. J. .If.
'.rhirhvell ; 3Irs. A. Wilman ; Ethel, Dick,* and
Bert Cooper); 31 iss May Frampton ; 31 r. Gasson ;
3irs. Gasson. and -Eva and -'Dorothy Gasson ;
‘ Fanny Johnson ; 3Iiss Helena Bowland : ’ 3Ir.
Joseph Brownlee; - Miss 3Iargetts ; 3liss Frieda
Bcynolds ; 3Iiss Gertrude E.” Similes ; 3Irs. A.
* 3IouD’oh : 3Ir: E.’ Warren; 31 r. 'I’homas Cock;
Ellen Gregory, Bessie Brenand, and Maud Bussell;
31 rs. Hardiiig, and Miss 31. 1. Perkins.
78 Donations oils. 156 presents for soldiers.
Anon.; 31 r. AVm.-Turncr : Mr. Donald E. Barker :
3Iiss N. Barlow ; Miss Maud Bradley: Ninic
Cooper’; Helen Higgs: 3ir. Isaac Howie : 3!!ss
A. Lodge : Mr. Jas. Mackenzie ; 31 r. John Mather :
Miss Jessie Monk : 3Iiss Pratt ; L. S. : 31r. Ily. H.
• Lovell Shore : •Evelyn Stern ; 31 iss 3Jary Stewart ;
3 Irs. Taylor and 31 rs. Bowken ; 31 r. S. A. Thomp¬
son : 31 rs. Wilson : 31 r. A Wright and 3Iabcl
Wright.; 3Irs. l\ Ainsworth; Mrs. Annie B. ;
31 rs. Bent-ham : 31 r. J. H. Carpenter; Mr. IF. A.
J'linn : 31 r. and Mrs. J. Goodison ; 3Irs. Helyer
and 31iss Bessie Helyer : 31r. W. J. S. Homewood :
Daisy Janet: X’. E. K. : 3Iiss Lapis; 3Ir. Cyril
. .Martin and 31rs. .Martin ; 3Ir. W. H. Bateman ;
3Ir?. F. II. B. P. ; Miss Patterson: Marjorie
Hobiusoi) (age (>) ; ^peneer Bobinson (age 7) : ALiss
Barbara Sandberg: .Miss Wilcox.and 31iss .1
Smith; Anon. (3Volverhampton) ; 31 r. J.' 31
Alexander : 31 r. A. 31. Banks ; 31iss L. Batty and
3Iiss H. Batty; Ethel Brllen ; Daisy B. Giles;*.
31 r. S. 31. Higgs ; 31 iss Ellen Lees : Beth 31elntcsh ;
31 rs. PrangnclLand 3Iaster J. Maurice Prangnell:
31 r. J. Robinson ; 3!iss Gladys 31. Swann : 31rs.
C. Woodcock ; 31r. AV. II. Ainsworth : Miss F. All-
man ; . 3Ir. (J. Arthur *. L. K. B. ; 31 r. .T. Dalby :
31 r. E. Drake; Phyllis Pegdcn ; Sarah Moxon ;
31 rs! Salmon' : Lily G. Saunders : .Miss Lily
Thomas: Miss X\ Vernon: 31 iri »>11 AVakeford ; §
Edith E. AVnrd ; -per Jos. W. AVliitohousO (A Few;
Shopmatcs); 31 rs. Angel : Miss London and Miss
Barrett : 3Iiss X. B. Cooper : 31 r. Percy. Coiieliind ;
XIiss Downhan) ; 3i»*. I . Farrcr ; Miss; Clara L.
Joiner; Air. \. A*. 3Iacpherson ; 31 r. 1). 3Iocre ;
3frs. R. Ollerton.
34 Donations of 6d. = 34 presents for soldiers.
3Ir. A. L. Bonnet: Alis-csAL and B. Bennct :
3Irs. Z. 31. Crowley; Mrs. Julia Smith; Jack
Storey (age 51); 3Iiss C. Bradley: Clarice
Brookes ; Jean 31. Bruce; Harold Plummer
(age 7); XIiss F. Sharp: Masters H. and A.
Summers; Miss F. Townsend; Boyd Allen (age
13): Jack Kcwley Alien (age Jl>: Miss F.
Barker: David Borland; 1*. C. ; Donald Craw-,
fotd ; XI iss Hettic Lowc’ock : 31 r! Fred 31a I her :
Edward Pickup: Chrissis* Piut-cs ; Mr. J. G.
Rogers ; 3faster E. II. Bishop : 3Iiss Ada Bowen :
. Mrs. .F. Donagher : Alaster William l.amb : 31 iss
Simonds: Mrs. Sratton: Mis. Tunnaelljfe ;
E. AV. : 3Iiss Gladys Greemvootl; 3Iiss J - ,. Lee ;
Tommie.
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• ' 4S. Registered as a newspaper, and registered for the Canadian Magazine Post. IM
and
The War Illustrated, 31 si October, 1914.
Registered at the Q.P.O. as a Newspaper.
plement FREE with This Number
/Magazine Post. “ The Deadliest Thing that Keeps the Seas ” — A British Submarine
Rio. 11 .
Wmm
'A
1 '*8
The ll’wr Illustrated, Slst October , 1914.
The three monitors, Mersey, Humber, and Severn, which came into action against tho Germans at daybreak on October iSth off the
Belgian coast. These vessels were being built in Britain for Brazil, but were acquired by the British Government at the outbreak of
war. Their light draught enables them to operate in shallow channels out of danger from submarines.
OUR DIARY OF THE WAR
(For our Diary of Events in ths Great War prior to October 151b, S 2 e previous issues of “The War Illustrated. )
Oct. 15 .—Germans at Blankenberghc. Admiralty announces sinking of
Hamburg-Amcrika liner Markomaimia and capture of Greek steamer
Pontoporos (the Emden’s colliers), near Sumatra, by H.M.S.
Yarmouth. Canadian Expeditionary Force arrives at Plymouth.
H.M.S. Hawke sunk by submarines in North Sea ; fifty-two
of the crew landed at Aberdeen from a trawler.
Oct. 16 .—Deatli of the Marquis di San Giuliano, Italian Minister for
Foreign Affairs. He is succeeded by Signor Salandra, who
announced a continuation of the policy of the late marquis.
H.M. cruiser Undaunted, accompanied by the destroyers Lance,
Lennox, Legion, and Loyal, sinks four German destroyers (Si 15 ,
Si 17 , Si 18 , and Si 19 ). off the Dutch ccast.
Oct. 17 .—First Lord of the Admiralty issues message to the Royal
Naval Division on its return from Antwerp.
French cruiser Waldeck Rousseau sinks Austrian submarine.
Distinguished Service Medal for Navy instituted.
Germans mine the Scheldt.
Anglo-Japanese bombardment of Tsingtao.
Japanese cruiser Takachico sunk in Kiao-chau Bay.
Oct. 17 and 18 .—Anti-German riots at Deptford.
Oct. 18 .—Armed liner Caronia brings oil-tank steamer Erendilla into
Halifax, N.S.
Oct. 19 .—Two long despatches from Sir John French published describ¬
ing the fighting on the Marne and Aisnc between Aug. 28 and
Sept. 2 S. British casualties, Sept. 12 - 2 S : Officers, 361 ; men, 12 , 980 .
The monitors Severn, Humber, and Mersey take part in opera¬
tions on, Belgian coast, and are reported to have brought down
a Zeppelin and a Taube aeroplane. Other British vessels are
said to have later shelled the German trenches.
Machinery of American Red Cress ship Hamburg reported to
have been damaged by this vessel’s former German crew.
Heavy fighting between Nieuport and Dixmude; Belgian
Army successfully repulses German attacks.
Sultan proclaims Prince Yussuf Izzedin Generalissimo of Turkish
Army and Navy.
Outer forts of Sarajevo reported in the hands of Serbo-Montcne-
grin allies.
Officially announced that the Germans have been driven back
thirty miles in Flanders.
Absinthe prohibited by Paris police.
Cholera reported to be serious in Galicia.
Oct. 20 . — German submarine sinks British steamer Glitra, off Kannoe.
Three officers and 70 men of rebel Lieut.-Col. Maritz’s commando
captured ; 40 others surrender.
Germans reported to have been beaten back in attempt to cross
the Vistula.
Forty German spies reported to have been detected among
Belgian refugees at Dover.
Admiralty announces provision of “ swimming collars ” for men
of the Fleet.
Tsar prohibits Government sale of vodka in Russia.
Attempted Royalist rising in Portugal.
Oct. 21 .—It is announced that the expenditure on the war, which in
the first ten weeks averaged about 5 ^ .millions per week, has risen
to about 8 } milliqns* -
Japanese report the sinking of one German auxiliary cruiser
and capture of another. • •
Oct. 22 .—Admiralty telegram to Japanese Minister of Marine express¬
ing appreciation of help rendered by Japanese Navy.
Emden reported to have sunk the British steamers Chilkana,
Troilus, Ben Mohr, and Clan Grant, and captured the collier
Exford and the St. Egbert 150 -miles. S.W. of Cochin. (Up to date
the Emden’s victims total 19 vessels.)
Wholesale arrests of nnnaturalised aliens in the United Kingdom.
Publication of official despatches relative to Heligoland Bight
engagement of August 28.
Submarine E 3 overdue. German reports state that she was
sunk on October 18 . .
“ The Times ” fund for British Red Cross Society and St.
John Ambulance Association reaches £ 500 , 000 .
Egyptian Government announces that enemy ships are to be
removed from Suez Canal ports.
Oct. 23 . — Belgians co-operating with Franco-British troops against
the Germans between Ostend and Nieuport; British and French
warships co-operating. Dykes cut along the line of the Yser.
German troops reported to be leaving Ostend.
British torpedo- gunboat Dryad reported ashore off North
Coast of Scotland ; but to have got off undamaged.
ABOUT OUR NEW MAP PORTFOLIO
YY/ITIf the first number of The War Illustrated we presented a portfolio containing a number of extremely
vv useful sketch maps and charts, which met with such wide acceptance from the reading public that wo
are entirely justified in saying it supplied a very real need at that moment.
DUT since then the extraordinary developments of the War, the widening of the field of interest, the elevation
u of obscure places into strategic and historical importance, have made necessary a new series of maps,
drawn with much greater detail than was possible at the beginning of the War.
"THIS new series has been specially prepared for The War Illustrated by the well-known experts, Geographia
1 Limited, and will prove of the highest possible service to our readers in helping them to follow intelligently
the ever-changing movements of the warring armies on the Continent.
THE large-scale map occupying the whole of the interior pages of the Supplement is in every detail equal
1 to many that are being sold at sixpence, and we believe our readers will agree with us in saying that the
collection of four special maps presented gratis with this week’s issue of The War Illustrated may reasonably
be described at “ a Sixpenny Map Supplement for nothing.”
THE Supplement must not be sold separately from the weekly issue, nor must any copy of The War Illus-
1 trated for October 31st be sold without the Supplement, and the price of this issue, including the
Supplement, is the same as usual — 2d.
" A WEEKLY PICTURE-RECORD OF EVENTS BY LAND, SEA AND AIR p?rw.*e„«rn.
31 October, 1914
TWO WOUNDED IRISHMEN WHO WOULD NOT SURRENDER
Two wounded Irish dragoons were left at a farmhouse during the retreat from Mons. A dozen Germans came. Behind a barri cads
of furniture the Irishmen kept them at bay. The Germans made off to get a machine-gun. Rather than bring trouble upon the paop
who had sheltered them, the dragoons hobbled out with some mad idea of taking the gun. They died Iik8 nera-s.
%
r
Pago 246
The llV/r Illustrated, 31$< October, 1914.
THE GREAT EPISODES OF THE WAR
VIII.—How the Little British Army Crossed the Aisne
A BOVE the old French cathedral town of - Soissons,
some fifty miles north of Paris, rises a vast, flat-
topped mass of rock, covered with woods and brush¬
wood, broken by quarries and seamed by wild green ravines.
From the ravines, hill torrents flash and tumble into the
broad, slow, deep waters of the Aisne River.
This great plateau of Soissons is reckoned to be the
strongest natural fortress in Northern Europe. The
Germans seized it years ago, and designed it for their
chief attacking point against Paris. Their agents bought
many of the quarries, and, while carrying on their ordinary
trade, built secret gun and howitzer emplacements at
the chief strategical positions on the tableland.
To this French Gibraltar, thus cunningly won and
prepared, in times of peace, for an open-air siege battle,
General Kluck retired with surprising swiftness after
his defeat at the Battle of the Marne.
A Land Fort of Gibraltar
Strength
So immensely strong was his position, to which the
siege artillery destined for use at Paris was brought, that
the German commander confidently looked forward to
breaking his opponents and rapidly resuming the advance
on the French capital. He had probably three hundred
thousand men at the beginning on the Soissons plateau,
and the Allies, still pursuing his rearguards in the plains
of Champagne, came up against him with about an equal
number of men.
On the eastern wing was the Sixth French Army, under
General Castelnau, in the centre was a British force of
three army corps, on the western wing, in touch with
our men, were the Turcos of the Fifth French Army.
General Castelnau swept partly round the east of the
tableland, with a view to attacking Kluck on the flank.
The Turcos advanced towards the eastern end of the
plateau, where the rocky mass fell down in a gentle slope
to Berry-au-Bac and the country round Rheims.
Our troops in the centre were faced with the most
tremendous and perilous task that men have ever been
called on to carry out. They had to storm the enemy’s
high fortified position by a direct frontal attack. They
had no heavy siege artillery, such as the Germans had
set in the commanding positions ; they were also out¬
numbered in machine-guns. Then, in order to get within
rifle range of the dim, grey masses of foes entrenched on
every steep scarp and ravine cliff, they had to cross a
river valley, widening from half a mile to two miles, and
next bridge the river, a hundred and seventy feet in breadth,
with pontoons, under the most terrific shell-fire mortal
man has ever endured. When all this was done they
had to climb up the ridge with guns, Maxims, and innumer¬
able rifles blazing at them.
Giant Guns versus
Flesh and Blood
It was not a battle of man against man, but a one-sided
contest between a gigantic, systematised, and long-prepared
collection of Krupp’s war machinery and something like
a hundred and twenty thousand young British athletes.
It would have been no disparagement of the courage
of our men had they failed to force the passage of the
Aisne against such instruments of death. Just on the
right of our troops, the Turcos, who are among the most
fearless souls with mortal breath, were driven back from
the ford of Berry-au-Bac. And still further westward,
in the level country round Rheims, the German guns
blew the French from a hill near Rheims arid prevented
them from retaking it.
Yet, in spite of the terrible disadvantages under which
they attacked. Sir John French and his men crossed the
valley of death and seized one of the principal, com¬
manding positions on the plateau. The British advance
began on Saturday, September 12th, with a glorious piece
of work by the Queen’s Bays and other cavalrymen under
General Allenby. Fighting, now on horseback, now on
foot, sometimes with sword and lance, sometimes with
carbine fire like infantry, Allenby and his men won all the
country up to the Aisne valley. They conquered, in one of
those " hussar strokes ” the Germans talk about but never
achieve, the southern highlands of the Aisne, trenched
by the tributary stream of the Vcsle. Flere Kluck had
thrown out a strong advance guard to keep his splendid
outer defences. In a swift, deadly fight, often waged
hand-to-hand, the Germans were broken, and those that
escaped blew up the Aisne bridges as they fled.
The Road Cleared for
the British Advance
After this clearance, the way was open for the-gener al
British advance. Sir John French divided his forces
into three equal parts, each of .them an army coirps in
strength. On the left wing was the Third Army Corps,
in the centre was the Second Army Corps under Sir Horace
Smith-Dorrien, on the light wing was the First Army
Corps under Sir Douglas Haig. The three columns, when
deployed in fighting line, stretched twenty miles along
the southern wooded ridge of the Aisne valley.
On this ridge our artillery was placed, and so concealed
among the trees that the German gunners—one, two,
three, and four miles-away, on and behind the opposite
forested ridge—could not mark its position. The “ Doves”
quickly came, of course, soaring over the valley on their
far from peaceful mission—grey-blue German aeroplanes
with dove-shaped wings, sweeping behind our troops to
search for our guns and find the range for the Krupp
howitzer batteries. Our flying men, however, did not
merely chase the “ doves ” away, but swooped like hawks
at them, killing pilots and wrecking the machines.
Ihen our scouts of the sky darted across the vallev,
and, while dodging the puff-balls of the Krupp aerial guns,
tried to discover the positions of the larger masses of
German troops and get a glimpse of a gun muzzle peeping
here and there through the foliage. Nothing of much
importance, however, was discovered by the morning of
Sunday, September 13th.
A Great Battle in a
Morning Haze
There was the empty river valley, with its broken bridges
and the autumn sunlight playing over it. The roar of
guns came from Soissons on one side and Rheims on the
other, as our men silently went down into the death¬
trap so carefully prepared for them. In order to discover
at what points the riiain German forces were massed,
a general advance in open order was ordered at dawn, all
along the. river for twenty miles. The morning haze hid
our troops for a while, but by nine o’clock they were
under an incessant shell-fire.
AH the tongues of high, wooded rock, sloping from the
tableland to the river, were crowded with German riflemen,
with machine-guns and quick-firers. They had left one
bridge intact, at the little town of Conde, in the centre
of their position. Over this bridge they intended to pour
in pursuit, when they had completely crippled our advance.
They had some of their heavy guns directed at the Conde
bridge-head, and the file there was so overwhelming that
our Second Army Corps, under Smith-Dorrien, could not
cross the river at that point. So it bravely, desperately
entrenched itself right in front of the German army', just
where the Vesle poured its waters into the Aisne, and
held the enemy, preventing them from using the bridge.
Our batteries were brought to bear on and around Conde.
to blow away any German counter-attack.
Thus, in the centre, the position of stalemate was quickly
arrived at. Either side could have smashed the Conde
bridge with a few shells; but each, hoping for an
opportunity to use it, left it intact, and set their sappers
to work to deepen and push forward the trenches towards
the river. Our men were at first in a very dangerous
(Continued on page 248.)
>
Pago 247
The War Illustrated, 31$£ October, 1914.
Mentioned in Sir John French’s Despatches
Lt.—Col. LORD
Aide-de-Camp
Marshal Sir John Frans
Maj.-Gn. SIR CHARLES FERQU33D.M, Major K-R-H. PRINCE ARTHUR Or Qen. H. da B. de LISLE,
Birt. C.B. M.V.O., D.S.O., CONNAUGHT, K.Q. 2nd Cavalry Brigade.
General Headquarters Staff. “ Employed on confidential missions.” “Acted with great vigour.’
J'hotvs by Lajayette, IF. & D. Downey , Bastsano, Spcaight, II. Walter Barnett.)
.-Gen. J. A. L. HALDANE,
C.B., D.S.O.,
General Headquarters Staff.
Lt.-Col. G. P. T. FIELDING, Brig.-Gen. A. E. W. COUNT
D.S.O., GLEICHEN, K.C.V.O., C.B.,
3rd Coldstream Guards. C.IVI.Q., D.S.O., Headqtrs. Staff.
Lt.-Col. STANLEY BARRY,
Aide-de-Camp to Field-Marshal
Sir John French.
QN Sunday night, October i8tli,
^ 1914, there was issued in the
form of a special edition of the
“ London Gazette ” two long
despatches from Field - Marshal
Sir John French, C.ommanding-in-
Chief British Forces in the Field,
to Lord Kitchener. They were
dated September 17th and October
bth, and detailed the perfor¬
mances of the British troops in
the Battles of the Marne and
Aisne. A special tribute was paid
to the skilful and decisive conduct
of Sir Douglas Haig, and every
branch of the Service was warmly
complimented. “The Battle of
the Aisne,” wrote Sir John French,
“ has once more demonstrated the
splendid spirit, gallantry, and
devotion which animates the
officers and men of his Majesty’s
forces.” They were subjected to
great strain day and night.
Lt.-Gen. W. P. PULTENEY,
C.B., D.S.O.
“ Took over the command of the
Third Corps just before the com¬
mencement of the Battle of the
Marne, and showed himself to be a
most capable commander in the
field.”
Lt.-Gen. SIR ARCHIBALD MURRAY,
K.C.B., C.V.O., D.S.O-
“ Has continued to render me in¬
valuable help as Chief ofthe Staff.”
Sir Archibald Murray has been In¬
spector of Infantry since 1912. He
served in Zululand, and was wounded
ir the South African campaign.
Lt.-Gen. SIR DOUGLAS HAIG, K.C.B., K.C.I.E.,
K.C.V.O.
“ I cannot speak too highly of the valuable services
rendered by Sir Douglas Haig and the army corps
under his command. Day after day and night after
night the enemy’s infantry has been hurled against
him in violent counter-attack, which has never on
any one occasion succeeded.”
The lF«r Illustrated, 31s< October, 1914.
GREAT EPISODES OF THE 1 VAR
position. They had to entrench hastily under a terrific
shell-fire. But by mighty " navvy ” work they dug
themselves at last into safety and began to make shell-
proof covers on their earthworks. They were the men
who had saved both the British and French forces from
Kluck’s enveloping movement at Cambrai, and the hardest
job had again fallen to them.
A Fierce Fight Stopped
by Darkness
Some of them .got across the river to the left cf Condo,
•‘hough swept by a heavy fire; and entrenched on flic
opposite bank. On theif right the Third Army Corps
rafted some, of their men across the Aisnc near the broken
bridge of Vcnizcl. The bridge was repaired by our engineers
but shattered again by German shells, and our artillery
had to be man-handled across it. As evening came on,
sufficient troops had reached the opposite bank to force
their way, by unceasing violent fighting, half up the steep
plateau towards +he village of Vrcgny. Vrcgny, however,
was the main German position, where the German armament
was chiefly massed. So terrible was the hurricane of lead
from the guns and Maxims that by five-thirty o’clock in
the evening our troops were held. But as they withdrew in
the darkness, so did
the Germans. The
Germans retired two
miles from the river
and entrenched on the
ridge. Our engineers
were busy during the
night throwing pon¬
toons over the Aisnc,
across which men and
guns went to reinforce
the advance guard
clinging to the wooded
slopes round Bucy-lc-
Iong.
Altogether we had
not made much pro¬
gress at the Vcnizcl
crossing. To have
escaped annihilat ion
and won some of the
lower slopes consti¬
tuted a. magnificent
triumph of human
energy and courage
over the German
machinery of death.
But as the Germans
held the great towering ridge above our men, and held it with
heavier artillery than wc possessed, our foothold on their vast
open-air fortress was still somewhat chancy and perilous.
It was the First Army Corps, under the splendid leader¬
ship of Sir Douglas Haig, that turned the whole heroic
adventure into one of the greatest successes of British arms.
Sir Douglas commanded the extreme right wing of the
British advance. He split his army corps into its two
divisions, that each spread out fan-wise.
The Feat of the
Girder Crossing
The Second Division, at a point some six miles cast of
Conde, found a broken bridge with one girder still showing
partly above water. Single-file, and under a murderous
tempest of Krupp shells, one of the infantry brigades
crossed by the girder, and, headed by the Guards, fought
a terrible battle at the foot of the river heights at Chavonne
and held the bank.
In the meantime the First Division had found the one
weak point in the German defences. Working about two
miles further up the river, away from the British centre
and close to the Turcos, they discovered that the canal
bridge at the little village of Bourg was only weakly
defended. Some tremendous mistake must have, been
made by General Kluck or one of his subordinate generals.
Both our cavalry' and guns, as well as our infantry/, crossed
the Aisne at Bourg with slight opposition. Sir- Douglas
P.tge 2*18
Haig at once grasped tire fine opportunity of the position
he had so happily gained. By a series of quick, skilful,
bold, decisive movements, he sent patrols in the evening
up to the heights occupied by the enemy. Then, after
allowing his main troops a few hours’ sleep at night,
dispatched fhern also up the tableland before dawn
to support bis advance guards at Vendrcsse, some three
and a half miles north of the Aisnc.
About three a.m. on Monday, September 14th, the
decisive struggle at the critical point began. The Germans
held a factory at Troyon, a village nearly on the ridge.
This factory played in the battle for the Aisne the same
part as the farm of Hougoumont played in the Battle of
Waterloo. It was attacked in the misty dawn by the
King’s Royal Rifles, the Royal Sussex Regiment, the
Northants, the Loyal North Lancs, ami the Cold streams.
A Battle Round
a Factory
Tlfb Lancashire men won the factory, and all the wet,
misty morning the fight went on, with the rest of the
infantry brigade spread out on either side of the factory
facing the German entrenchments on the wooded ridge. Our
gunners could do little to help their foot soldiers. In the haze
nothing could be seen to fire at. Meanwhile, another British
brigade was working in a half-circle round from the east at
Vendrcsse. It was in¬
tended to reinforce
the firing-fine round
the factory. But
before so doing it
came upon a strong
hostile column sent to
break through our
position.
This column was
hurled back — with
blank-point rifle fire
in the haze, followed
by a fierce bavonct
charge. Two thousand
of our men, fighting
with cool fury, stopped
the entire counter-
stroke.
While this decisive
conflict was proceed¬
ing the other division
of the' First Army
Corps had also man¬
aged to climb the
plateau towards Ostel
Ridge, some four miles
.west of the factory.
Tire Germans then gave over their direct attack, and
massed westward, past Ostel Ridge, and tried to wedge
down to the river, dividing our army and threatening
Haig’s communications. But Sir Douglas obtained a
cavalry division from Sir John French, turned the
horsemen into infantry, and so secured his flank.
This was done with some very heavy fighting, but the
Germans gradually weakened through the great losses
they suffered. So, when the weakness of the enemy was
clearly felt by our men, at four o’clock in the afternoon,
a general advance was made by all the troops under Haig. ’
The Final Closing
Charge
This was the grand, closing charge that decided the
day. Upward and onward our men went, against a
hurricane of shrapnel and lifie fire. But when night fell
they had won the road along the ridge—the Chemin-des-
Dames, or Ladies’ Walk.
The crossing of the Aisne was accomplished. All the
heavy artillery and many of the machine-guns, planted
on the heights for use against our men, were captured.
By reason of the winning of this commanding position
on the plateau, our army was able to hold the Aisne for
many weeks, against all counter-attacks, while General
Joffre lengthened out his left wing till it reached the
.North Sea. Once again the little British Army had proved,
to friend and foe, its marvellous qualities.
An odious comparison. This picture-postoard, widely circulated in Germany,
shows how the kinsmen of the Huns are gloating over their dastardly destruction
of Rheims Cathedral. It compares the destruction of Heidelberg Castle by the
French in the time of Louis XIV.—an ordinary act of war—with an act of
sacrilegious infamy.
/
Two views of the L class of Britiah destroyers, four of which — the Lance, Legion, Lennox, and Loyal — took part in the skirmish off
the Dutch coast when the four German destroyers were sunk. The portrait is Commander W. de M. Egerton, of the Lance.
Pa^o 249
The TT’crr Illustrated, 31 st October, 19:1
“Sunk the Lot”—Captain Fox pays off His Score
*y****^<. —-
The Undaunted is one of the new 3,520-ton light cruisers of the Arethusa class, and carries two 6 in. and six 4 in. guns.
The portrait is the gallant Captain Fox, who earned glory for himself and fame for his ship by his brilliant exploit.
C' 1 APT ATX C. H. FOX lias taken an early opportunity
of “ wiping something off the slate.” lie was
commander of the Amphion, which was sunk by a
German mine on August 6th, and was afterwards given
command of the Undaunted. On Saturday, October
17th. the Undaunted, accompanied by her destroyer
flotilla — the Lance, Legion, Lennox, and Loyal —
sighted four German destroyers off the coast of
Holland and promptly rounded them up.
Then the battle began. The marksmanship of the
British gunners was wonderful. Every shot went
home, and pieces of the enemy ships were blown high
into the air. The four German destroyers were all
sent to the bottom within an hour and a half.
The Undaunted, with her destroyers, came back with
thirty-one German prisoners rescued from the sea, one
of whom, a sub-lieutenant, died of his wounds a few minutes
after landing. Two other German sailors were rescued
bv the Lowestoft trawler United
Commander Fox is reported to have sent two wireless'
messages to the main Fleet—the first reading : “ Am
pursuing four German destroyers,” and the second, a little
later: “Sunk the
lot.” The German loss
of life was about two
hundred while the
British lost no officers
or men and had only
five wounded.
V
Although in enforced idleness* they do no£ intend to let their muscles get flabby,
and this picture shows some of them exercising in the barrack-yard at
The War 2 -Uits!ratal, 51 si October, 1914 .
Interned” in Hospitable Holland, bu
_ . . - - - 11 • -xv-i.-e-rx*-. /--/X .ffio rl lift +A 4 T
\Y/HEN Antwerp was evacuated by its defenders the
W greater part of the British ist Naval Brigade was
cut off bv the German attack north of Lolceren, and about
2,000 officers.and men entered Dutch territory in the
neighbourhood of Huls-t, laying down their arms in
accordance with the laws of neutrality. It is believed that
this unfortunate occurrence was due to the treachery of a
guide, who purposely led the ist Naval Brigade into
dangerous ground. Some, of the interned men belong to
the Roval Naval Volunteer Reserve, young fellows who,
despite'the short-time they had been under arms, gave a
very cood account of themselves in the trenches.
Men 'of the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve and Marines interned in Holland after taKing part in tne oeience oi «niw.erp.
' being presented with pieces of chocolate by an English lady, and eat the sweetmeat with huge relish.
i uey
A Dutch woman, in the picturesque garb of
her country, lights the pipe of a British
Football has been the outstanding recreation of our fighting men during the war. Even the interned naval men do not neglect »t.
photograph shows the team which took nart in a match against an array of football talent from Groningen-
Page 251
The War Illustrated, 31 st October, 1214
—Still Smiling after their
Antwerp Adventure
The interned Marines in Holland are being well treated by the kinJIy Dutch.
This photograph was also taken at Leewarden, and shows two Marines who
have struck up a bond of comradeship with their sabot-wearing Dutch cooks.
This photograph was taken at Leewarden, when a
Marine had his head under the pump, with a
friendly Dutchman at the handle.
n Antwerp did not depress the naval men w
Their only regret is that while there is figh
they will be unable to take any part in it an
d share the iov of battle and the triumph of victory.
The Wiir Illustrated, 31s2 October , 1914.
The Sad Wandering of a Fugitive Nation
who have lost their
Dutch soldiers registering the names of Belgian children
parents, with, a view to finding the latter and re—uniting the famuies.
The flag of Germany hoisted on the remain® at
Fort Stabrouch, one of Antwerp’s defences.
Belgian refugees passing through North Belgium after leaving Antwerp, their
Jew belongings being carried in a dog—cart. Inset: Two wounded Belgians in-
France assisting each other in search for safety.
Deserted Antwerp in the handsof the invading Huns. The German occupiers have been exercising a(j their - arts of persuasion to induce
the people to come back, but the memory of Termonde, Louvain, and Dinant is too fresh and too vivid for the Belgian fly, who refuses
to enter the parlour of the German spider.
Page 253'
The War Illustrated, 31 st October, 1914.
Germans Wildly Rejoice at Our Naval Losses
d - ’ ERMANY went wild with delight
over the sinking of the three British
cruisers Aboukir, Hogue, and Cressy in
September. The officer in command of
Submarine U9, which did the damage,
was Lieut-Capt. Otto Wcddingen. He
was married only a short time previous
to setting forth on his daring exploit.
In recounting his’adventure, he praised
the courage of the men on the British
ships. “All the while,” he said, “the
men stayed at their guns looking for
their invisible foe. They were brave;
true to their country’s sea traditions.”
H.M.S. Hawke, an old cruiser of 7,350 tons and 19*5 knots, was sunk
by a German submarine in the northern waters of the North Sea
on October 15th. This was the ship which came into collision with
the gigantic liner Olympic in 1911. Some of the crew rescued from
the water are shown in the photograph above, and the cruiser is
pictured on the left.
How tho German submarine U9 was greeted when she returned submarine lined up on their vessel
m° rn nn°J r S 0 e c P e‘rd be a r w 2 Md d iva^ r n ^^rt^ro^wriV^rar^raJ^. 0 The picture is by a weii-known German art, at.
77 .i \Y-ir iHas:ruled, 31s£ October,. 1914.
Pago 254
The Coming of the First Canadian Contingent
On Qctobmr t4th fclte great armada that brought the Canadian Expeditionary Force reached
Plymouth Hoe, that haven of heroic memory, whence the great Sir Francis Drake went to
smash the “ Fnrvincible Armada ” of the Kaiser’S prototype, Philip of Spain, who also
dreamed of triumph over a prostrate England., and of a world dominion.
The Canadian contingent parading on the Hoe, Plymouth, beside tho Armada Memorial, seen on the left. The portrait inset is of
Major-General E. A. H. Anderson, who commands the Canadian contingent. (I'll to by Elliott Fry.)
The enthusiasm with which the arrival of the Canadians at Plymouth was hailed by the
Dops of Devon ” was a splendid echo of their own fine spirit in rushing to the defence of
the Empire as soon as the news of war was flashed across the ocean. This photograph shows
some of the men from Montreal with a parrot as a regimental mascot.
Scottish ancestry and Canadian
breeding can produce to help us
hold the Empire.
1
Pago 255
The War Illustrated, 31 st October, 1^14
Overseas Warriors Getting Fit for the Front
Signallers of the 1st Mounted Canadian Highlanders at their camp in England after their journey from Plymouth, where they disembarked
from their transports. The men are of the best physique the Empire can provide, solid specimens of hard muscle and iron sinew.
Canadian Grenadiers in their English camp distributing the
morning’s delivery of British bread. Note the knitted fatigue-
caps the men are wearing.
Canadian “Scotties” in their camp “bathroom” remember thil
cleanliness is next to godliness, and in a fighting man may even
hold the first place.
“ Princess Pat’s,” as Princess Patricia’s Canadian Light Infantry
are nicknamed, are the only Canadian regiment with colours, and
these were presented by the Royal Princess herself.
Nursing sisters of the Canadian Red Cross Medical Corp3
will attend the wounded at St. Thomas’s Hospital in
London, where they have already arrived.
The War Illustrated, 31sf October , 1914.
Page 25b
A Scot Captures a German Gun Single-handed
5
k
6 'imm,'
Lieutenant Sir Archibald Gibson Craig tost his fife while leading
his men to attack a machine-gun which was hidden in a wood.
Sword in hand and shouting “Charge, men ! At them!” he
reached to within ten yards of the gun and then fell. But his men
silenced the gun. On the same day a man of his regiment,
Private Wilson, of Edinburgh, captured a gun single-handed. Six
Germans were in charge of the weapon. Being a good marks¬
man, he picked off five with his rifle, bayoneted the sixth, and
endeavoured to turn the gun on the enemy. Unfortunately the
piece jammed, and an officer coming up helped him to disable it.
Page 257
The War Illustrated , 51st Odder,
Germans Mowed Down on the River Niemen
On September 25th the German army opposing the Russians
under Ganera! Ronnenkampf attempted to cross the Rivor
Niemen. They constructed pontoon bridges, and were crossing
in fancied security when the Russian guns opened a concentrated
Are and swept them into ths river. The German artillery replied
and apparently silenced the Russians, yet at a second attempt to
cross the Russian weapons re-opened fire and inflicted terrific
loss. In the river and on one of its banks eight thousand
Germans perished. On the other bank, one thousand five
hundred German corpses lay unb.iried for some days afterwards.
The 11‘ar lUustratcd, 31$£ October , 1914.
Page 258
The Hateful Hun
and His Handiwork
The devastation caused by German shells in the French town
of Longwy, that suffered the fate of Louvain and Termonde.
Even the tombs of the dead are not immune from German artillery
attack as will be seen from this photograph of the Eastern Cemetery
at Rheims after having been shelled by the Germans.
Rev. J. Chanderlon, of Antwerp, a Belgian priest, who accompanies the horse
regiments of our gallant little ally. He has been under lire with them on
many occasions, fortunately coming out of each engagement unwounded. His
muscular Christianity does not prevent him smoking cigarettes or offering them
to the gallant men whom he cheers and comforts.
General von Auffenburg, Com-
mander-in-Chief of the deplor¬
able Austrian army in Galicia,
which Russia defeated thoroughly
and with the greatest ease.
Page 259
The Illustrated, 31 si Octeocr, 181*.
Camera Glimpses of Friends and Foes
Captain Cyril T. M. Fuller, Com¬
mander of H.M.S. Cumberland,
which captured a large number of
German liners in the Cameroon?.
From a Royal Academy painting.
Miss Jessica Bothivick. owner of the Red Cross schooner Grace Darling, who
was the last person to leave Osteud when the Germans entered. From the pi*
shown in the background four Germans tired twentv shots :it her as sh
hurried siway in a pinnace to join the. schooper. This -photograph wtfs tak -
a few minutes later as she steered for Britain.
A brave British corporal named
< ranch, whose hand was amputat¬
ed while.under lire. Queen Mary
sent him a bunch oi' white
heather for luck, a simple present
that he values highly.
Count von Moltke. Chief of the German
Staff. Nephew of the man who won
the Fra neo-Prussian War for Germany,
and a favourite of the Kaiser. Is by
no means so clever as his late uncle.
Field-Marshal von der Goltz, Military
Governor installed by Germany in
Brussels. Came off second best in his
encounters with plucky Burgomaster
General Radko Dimitrieff, a
Bulgarian commander, . wli >
volunteered for service with
Russia when war broke out, an I
successfully attacked f h •
Austrians, winning official prai-c.
The Tlnr Illustrated, 31s< October, 1914. .
Page 233
Defenceless Bruges “Conquered” by the Huns
Another view of Bruges in German occupation. IVlany German soldiers were billeted upon the town a and caused surprise by com¬
mitting no excesses. Inset: A London motor-’bus captured by the enemy, and used for transport. Photographed in Bruges.
German soldiers in the Grand Place, Bruges,
which they entered on October 15th. -♦
YjTflTH Antwerp under their heel, the
” Germans proceeded towards the coast
of Belgium, and an advance guard of two
hundred reached the historic old town of
Bruges at one o’clock on the afternoon of
October 15th. The previous day there had
been heavy fighting between Client and
Bruges, but when it was realised that the
occupation of Bruges was inevitable the
town’s Civic Guard was disbanded, so that
the invaders could have no pretext for
violating the town. Next day the Germans
reached Ostend.
m
Page 261
The War Illustrated, Slsf October, 1914.
German Bribery and Boer Loyalty in South Africa
jV/T A RT I A L Iaw was proclaimed in the Union ol
South Africa on October 12th, 1914,. owing
to a Boer General, Lieutenant-Colonel Maritz,
turning rebel and taking command.o£ the German
troops in South-West Africa. Less than five
hundred men accompanied him, and many of
these ultimately returned to the Union forces.
Maritz fought‘against the British in the Boo
War, rising from the rank of corporal. U s
traitorous action was probably influenced by
liberal supplies of German money. Dutch
loyalty is proved by the splendid response
to Commandant Piet de la Rcy’s call )or
volunteers to form a Dutch mounted commando.
From one district alone six hundred men answered
the call; and, at a meeting of influential Dutch
citizens held in Cape Town, many former political
opponents of General Botha unanimously pledged
themselves to support him and the Union. A body of German Colonial Horse in Qerman South-West Africa.
Some of the loyal Dutch burghers whom General Botha will command in his operations against German South-West Africa.
This family group shows General Louis Botha, Premier of the
Union of South Africa and Commander of the S. A. Defence
Force, with his sons. General Botha earned our respect as a foe,
our admiration as an administrator, aur fore as a patriot. The son
in uniform is Captain Louis Botha. The other eon standing is
John, who, although under age, volunteered for service. The
little boy in front, is Phitip, the youngest son. The larger picture
on the right shows a body of the Cape Mounted Police.
The destruction of bridges by the contending armies creates a need for other bridges, and as speed in their construction is the
essential consideration, they are made of boats or rafts upon which a passage-way is thrown, as shown in this picture.
X*—-—
A scene near Lizy, in France, where, during the Battle of Meaux, a bridge over the River Ourcq was blown up, thereby wrecking a train
filled with wounded, forty of whom were drowned in the river. The photograph shows the wreck of the bridge and of the engine and tender.
The lFar Illustrated , 31$^ October , 1914.
Pago 262
Breaking Bridges and Making Bridges in War-time
the.
, destruction of bridges has been elevated to a science.
A tew shillingsworth of high explosive, properly placed,
will destroy a massive steel or stone bridge costing tens or
hundreds of thousands of pounds. And the erection of
temporary bridges is also a scientific job that falls within
1 he province of the military engineers. The usual form of
temporary bridge for wide streams or rivers is the pontoon
bridge—a gangway laid across boats or barges, as seen in
the lower picture. Such bridges are made often under
heavy artillery and rifle fire, and are frequently destroyed
as soon as made. At the Battle of the Marne a bridge •was
made over the river fifteen times, and fifteen times destroyed
by German guns ; but the sixteenth attempt was successful,
and the French passed over to the attack and to victory.
Page 263
The War Illustrated, 31 si October , 1914.
Skill of Military Engineers— British and German
A massive railway bridge of stone and brickwork batween Amier.s and Ration was destroyed by Germans during their retreat
through France, but British engineers made a strong and serviceable repair with balks of timber, as seen in the picture, thereby re¬
establishing the lines of communication and giving them the use of t le railway for the transport of their men, guns, and stores.
The Belgians did not consider the cost of the bridges they
destroyed so long as they could arrest or impede the progress
of the invaders of their country. This photograph, shows
something more than a bridge — it is a tunnel on one of the Belgian
railways, blown up by the Belgians themselves. The mass
above fell in, and made the railway useless until the German
engineers, with commendable.skilly made the repair seen in the
photograph, thereby making the railway of service for their
armies. These German soldiers are guarding the tunnel so as to
be prepared for another attempt to blow it up by the Belgians.
The Hospital Corps which Nova Scotia will send to the front entraining at Halifax for the camp at Valcartier, Quebec.
The TVar Illustrated, 31$£ October , 1914
Page 264
The Red Cross of Help and Sympathy
One of the four-footed friends of the French soldiers approaching
a wounded man with a bandage in its mouth. Like the famous
dogs of St. Bernard, these Red Cross animals have proved of
infinite benefit to wounded and suffering humanity.
A Red Cross worker, recruited from a neighbouring village,
bending over a wounded Belgian soldier after a conflict at
Audogom. He discovered that the man’s pockets had been turned
inside out, and the contents stolen by German soldiers.
------ -— — -, ____ _..._ ___ grossly
maltreated by Germans are receiving attention from the sympathetic nuns.
A doctor’s certificate! verifying the injuries received by the poor women, one of
whom is quite old, is in London.
A Roman Catholic nun nursing a wounded
German soldier in the Red Cross Hospital at
lyiaestricht, to which Dutch town many injured
Germans and Belgians were taken.
Pago 265
—Mending
The War Illustrated, 31sf October, 1914.
the Warriors Broken in the War
A British nurse binds up the injured
head of one of our sailors.
A British soldier, whose injuries are so severe that he cannot walk, lying on a stretcher pre¬
paratory to being hoisted on to a Red Cross ship in a French port for conveyance to Britain.
>5
'J’HE history of most great wars includes one black chapter
—the terrible proportion of fighting men put out of
action by disease, by epidemics like erysipelas, cholera,
typhoid, and dysentery. It is fairly certain that in this war
the wounded have received more attention than has been
devoted to them in any previous great-struggle.
Wounded warriors arriving at a British seaport town. The
two leaders belong to the Dorset Reqiment. One has his left
arm injured and the other his right. Bugler Clark (on the right)
although wounded, would not part with his beloved bugle and
brought it home, accompanied by a German helmet. Inset :
French Red Cros6 assisting a wounded Frenchman.
Light-hearted French Wounded Returning from the Front to Recuperate in Paris
The lTV/r Ulus!rated, 31s/ October, 1914
Pago 2oo
Page 267
Major R. T. ROPER,
Dorset Regiment.
Capt. R. C. EVELEGH,
Ox. and Bucks L.I
Capt. A. K. KYRKE-SMITH,
Liverpool Regt.
The War Illustrated, 31sf October, 1914.
Major F. SWETENHAM,
2nd Dragoons
Capt. M. V. FOY,
Royal West Surrey Regt.
Capt. H. L. HELME,
Loyal North Lancs Regt.
Capt. R. S. TOPPIN,
Northumberland Fusiliers.
Maj.rGen. H. I. W. HAMIL¬
TON, C.VfO , C.B.. D.S.O.
Capt
Cameron
Lieut. J. FRASER,
Connaught Rangers.
Major Swetenham was aged thirty-eight, and saw service in South Africa, receiving
medal and three clasps. Capt. Evelegh, aged twenty-nine, was killed in the Battle
ol the Aisne.
Capt. Toppin took a valiant part in the South African War. Major-Gen. Hamilton
was hit in the temple and killed by a bullet from a shell which exploded one hundred
yards away. He had commanded the North Midland Division since 1911. His
active service included the Burmese Expedition, and the Egyptian Campaign, in¬
cluding the Battles of Atbara and Khartoum. He was mentioned in despatches three
times in the Egyptian Campaign, and received the D.S.O. In South Africa he was
Military Secretary to Lord Kitchener, a post he had previously occupied in India.
Capt. Horne served in the Nile Expedition and in South Africa.
Capt. Kyrke-Smith received his captaincy in 1910. Capt. Fisher was appointed
captain in 1910. Capt. Grant-Dalton was at the Relief of Ladysmith, and at Colenso
and Laing’s Nek. .Capt. Ranken was gazetted captain in 1912. Lieut. Buller was
killed in British East Africa. Lieut. Forsyth was made lieutenant in 1905. Capt.
Pcpys received his captaincy in 1913. Lieut. Wilkinson received his commission in
1911. Lieut. Mitchell died of wounds received on September 25th. Lieut. Sills was
killed on September 26th.
Capt. M. FISHER,
West Yorkshire Regt.
Capt. E. F. GRANT-
DALTON, West Yorks. Regt.
Lieut J. C. FORSYTH,
Royal Field Artillery.
Capt. H S. RANKEN,
R.A.M.C
Lieut. W. E. HILL,
North Staffs Regt.
Lieut. J. R. M. WILKINSON,
Middlesex Regt.
Lieut. J. A. S. MITCHELL,
Shropshire L.I.
Photos by Lafayette, Heath, Gale <b Polden, Bassano, Cribb , eto»
Sec.-Lieut. C. C. SILLS,
South Wales Borderers.
Capt. R. W. PEPYS.
Worcestershire Regt.
Lieut. M. DEASE,
Royal Fusiliers.
The ir«r Illustrated, 31 s< October. 1911
HOW THE WAR WAGES
G
The Fourfo!d Battle in Belgium
THE. heroic Belgian army, after arriving intact at
1 Ostend, did not wait long for its revenge upon the
ravagers of its country. After a brief period in which the
troops from Antwerp rested and refitted, while Tiouch
Marines guarded the dune-lands by the sea, the Belgians
entrenched on the little canalised river Yser, about c!c\ cn
miles south .'of Ostend. Here, in a wild region of blow n
sand, rising into innumerable hillocks and falling into
countless hollows, a German army of 40,000 men fiorn
Ghent advanced, confident of an easy victory.
* * *
ENERAL KLUCK’S plan—openly announced in
the German Press—was to sweep down by the sea¬
shore on to Dunkirk and Calais, and then turn inland m a
great hooking, enveloping movement against the Anglo-
French left wing that stretched northward to Ypres.
With this view the Germans seized Ostend, and then
began their wide-fronted march along the coast, the
battle opened on Sunday, October 18th, with an action at
Middelkerke, a few miles south of Ostend, between the
Belgian advance guard and the German army.
* * *
T T was the most extraordinary fight in the history of the
^ human race. It was fought on land and on water, in
the clouds and under the waves. Three new miniature
British battleships—the monitors Severn, Humber, and
Mersey—steamed into the shallow shore water, and shelled
the German batteries and shrapnellcd the German troops,
while British flying machines swept over the enemy’s
trenches and fought with German flying men.
* *
The Strangest Battle Ever Fought
THE monitors were built in England for the Brazilian
1 Government, for service as river-warships. They
draw less water than a destroyer, and yet possess a
mightier armament than a light cruiser. They were a new
type of fighting-machine, and our Government had taken
them over, at the outbreak of the war, for just such a
purpose as they were now fulfilling. They had large,
powerful guns and deadly howitzers. Our aerial scouts
directed the fire of these surprising monitors.
* * *
TTdE German land batteries were practically powerless
* against their new adversaries. Our sailor-men,
sheltered in armoured turrets on moving ships had only
two casualties, a man and a boy wounded, in the Middel-
kerke action. The Germans fell in hundreds. To defend
them, German submarines appeared on the coast, and
launched torpedoes at our monitors. But a monitor only
skims the water, and the torpedoes went under the keel.
Moreover, there was a strong flotilla of British destroyers
protecting our latest weapons of sea-power.
The Battle of NUuport
CAN Tuesday, October 20th, the main battle for the
coast began at Nieuport, where the Belgians were
entrenched for twenty miles along the canalised banks of
the Yser to Dixmude, and beyond towards Ypres. The
Germans brought up mobile heavy artillery and were
certain of blowing their way through the Belgian trenches,
as they had done outside Antwerp. Here it was that the
three British monitors proved of priceless value in the
defence. They were forts of huge strength that could
dodge the fire of the German batteries with the speed of a
cyclist- The German batteries, on the other hand, had to
be horsed and slowly shifted, under the eyes of our aerial
scouts. The British naval gunner was absolute master of
the situation. He smashed the German artillery, blew
German regiments to bits, and left his ally—the Belgian
■ soldier—in a position of tremendous advantage,
* * *
AT Dixmude, where *the fire of our monitors hardly
rA told, the Belgian army gallantly held its position,
advancing in fierce, successful counter-attacks against
their hated enemies. In the meantime, like a knife,
swinging in a circular movement on the pivot of Dixmude,
the Belgians by the shore, reinforced with British machine-
Pago 268
THE STORY OF THE
e GREAT CONFLICT
© TOLD WEEK BY WEEK
gpn sections from the battle-squadron, swept up the coast
victoriously towards Ostend. Oiir monitors, destrovcis,
and living men formed the right advance guard that
shelled' a path for them, with the German submarines still
vainly showing their periscopes to aim their torpedoes.
By Wednesday, October _ 21st, the last desperate envelop¬
ing, movement made by General Kluck to save his lines of
communication seemed to have failed.
* * *
The Advancing Wedge into Belgium
ETOR the Allies still held the wedge firmly driven into
T Belgium to the north-west of Lille. The river Lys,
flowing northward from France to join the Scheldt at Ghent,
was the path by which the British, Indian, and French
armies were advancing. On October 22nd they occupied
the level country between the Yser at Dixmude and the
Lys at Mcnin, and a violent battle was going on some ten
miles north of the entrenched front. There, the great
cavalry charges, in which French, British, and Indian
horsemen bore down the entire mounted forces of Germany s
western armies, had been displaced by artillery duels and
by the slow movements of foot-soldiers.
* * *
THE battle around Lille was long and terribly violent.
* In places the Allies fought their way forward, house by
house. Their riflemen then lost the houses they won
through the enemy bringing his quick-firing guns to bear,
but afterwards recovered the shelled ruins by the advance
of their own artillery. Slowly but continually the Germans
were beaten back. General joffre, with grim patience, was
gradually bleeding Germany white—as Bismarck once
threatened to bleed France.
* * *
The Russian Victory on the Vistula
HTHE Russian commander handled the Germans as he
^ handled the Austrians. He had so arranged it, at
the end of August, that Austria-Hungary was drained of her
military power on Russian soil, where there was no gridiron
of railway communications to support the defeated
invaders. In the same manner he began, in the middle
of October, to sap the strength of Germany, after drawing
his prey far out into the roadless mud of Russian Poland.
pfcRMAN spies in Warsaw were protected by the
^ Russian commander. He allowed them to see
everything, and report to their masters that Warsaw was
very weakly defended. This happened on October 1.5th,
when a German host of 600,000 men were close to the
Polish capital. On the Russian Military Staff there was a
brilliant student of the workings of the Teutonic mind. At
a stroke he transformed the German system of espionage
into a Russian instrument of strategy.
* * *
Vy/IiEN the spies had done their work of misinformation,
purposely disseminated by the Russians, they were shot.
Enormous reinforcements of Russian troops, ready for
battle, and concealed to tire north of Warsaw, were then
lined along the Vistula. The Germans advanced, confident
of having found the weak point in the Russian fropt. A
panic broke out in Warsaw, perhaps with the encouragement
of the military authorities, and gave the invader's increased
confidence. But when they tried to cross the Vistula to
enter Warsaw, on October 17th, they were suddenly flung
back for twenty miles on one wing, and thirty miles on
the other. Next day they violently counter-attacked,
only to be more violently repulsed.
* * *
The Rout of the Teutons
(CROSSING the Vistula in turn, the Russians swung
forward on a line stretching from Warsaw to Ivan-
gorod. Fed by continual reinforcements, this line rapidly
grew in length and strength, and curled round the fortified
entrenchments to which the Germans had withdrawn. On
the night of Tuesday, October 20th, the 600,000 invaders
abandoned their position, and fled towards their own distant
frontier. The Grand Duke Nicholas then ordered a general
attack by the entire Russian front. By Thursday, October
22nd, the German retreat had. in places, become a rout.
The War Illusl. ated, 31 8t October, 1914
Tobacco and Cigarettes in the Trenches
Sending to Our Soldiers Comfort in their Discomfort
D ERING the week immediately prior to the morning
when I am writing this, you—my readers—have
sent, through The War Illustrated, 8,700 presents
of tobacco and cigarettes to our soldiers under fire.
That is good—excellent!
It means that the week has brought us hard cash to the
amount of almost /220.
And on account of our system of sending the tobacco and
cigarettes from a bonded warehouse, thereby avoiding the
need for paying any Customs duty, so that a sixpence buys
as much as onc-and-sixpcncc would buy in a tobacco shop,
it means further that your contributions have provided
our heroic defenders with over /600 worth of smoking
. pleasures in one short week. More than ^100 worth for
each working dav !
Excellent ! And our contribution of pipes lias gone
along with the tobacco packages—870 within the week,
and well over 2,000 during the few weeks that the fund has
been running.
Since the fund began, the presents you have sent to
the soldiers through me total well over 20,000, and by
the time you read these lines they will certainly number
over 30,000.
This seems a lot. But don’t forget this fact—a soldier
wants a parcel twice a week to keep him comfortable with
“ smokes ” in a country where the tobacco sold is bad, and
the cigarettes worse. To give the entire British fighting
force a proper supply would mean 400,000 sixpenny
packages every week. If every reader gave a sixpence a
week, we could more than keep the whole British fighting
army and navy supplied with all they want regularly !
That would be too ambitious an aim, but with your help
I can get a bit nearer to its realisation than we have vet done.
You can help. You can do it in any one of several ways.
You can send a donation—whatever you can afford— any
sum from sixpence upwards.
You can decide to give a weekly donation, knowing that
it will' cheer up every week a man who deserved all the
cheering. It is easy to cheer by clapping hands and
shouting, but the better way to cheer is with crowns and
half-crowns.
You can " get busy ’’ and collect from your friends for the
fund.
Five shillings will make ten soldiers happy; half-a-
sovereign will.comfort twenty; a sovereign will provide
for forty ; and a five-poundmote will give every one of
two hundred a splendid packet of smoking comfort.
Please address your subscriptions and your requests
for collecting-books to;
The “ Something-to-Smoke ” Fund,
The War Illustrated,
The Fleetway House,
Farringdon Street,
London, E.C.
Every packet sent bears the name and address of the
generous donor, so that the soldier knows who wishes him
well in his hard and dangerous work in the cold trench.
Thanks to you all for what you have done, and—how
much more can you and will you do ?
See back of this cover for list of subscriptions up to the
time of writing.
Oversea Readers
can have “ The War Illustrated ” posted direct every week
Oversea readers somelimes find difficulty in securing
the weekly numbers of “The War Illustrated,” and
thus they may miss the best pictcrial war record
published at a popular price. Most newsagents in the
British Colonies are able to deliver the numbers, and an
order should be placed with the nearest one to send
every issue regularly as it appears.
In the event of difficulty, the importing agent for
your district, whose name you can find in ihe list punted
below, should be written to. But to make quite sure
of getting the weekly numbers with as little delay as
possible, you may, if you prefer it, send the sum of
6/6 or 1 dollar 56 cents d rect to tne publishers in
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Fill in this Subscription Form and pis', it with your
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“ The War Illus.ra ed,”
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IV,
Tiie War Illustrated.
31st October, 1914.
Fill Otfr Soldiers^Pipes; and Keep Them Filled
. ' t 4ji A Sixpenc
Letters frojuioin- $£ii t in the fighting*line
Show that oifr ‘^Sorncthing-to-Smc^kc ” Fund
is 'just' what "was wanted. It has- given our
brave--nicn- untold pleasure—how much
pleasure i:i the midst of extreme dfscomfort
.will never l5e.known.
. For every five shillings subscribed we add
a shilling pipe, and over 2,000 shilling pipes
have.' already been forwarded to the men in
the ranks of'fire. ' ""
A sixpence delivers into the hands of a soldier
two >cakes of -tobacco and- ten cigarettes—the
parcel being worth about is. 6 d. in this country.
Sixpence can do so much because no duty is
paid on the goods, so that every sixpence
goes in tobacco and cigarettes, none in ta^xes.
Will Buy One-and-Sixpence Worth of “Smokes”
This picture shows what each soldier gets.
How many, sixpences can you send ?
How many can you collect ?
How many soldiers will you make happy ?
, Every package paid for by a sixpence sent
by-you will have wour name, and address.cn
it, so* that the soldier.-who gets it will know
whom’he'has-to thank.— ' ’
Iii addition to the consignments, sent to
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signments have been sent forward to the
2 nd Highland Light Infantry, the 12 th Lancers',
and the 4 th Royal Fusiliers.
Please send your postal-orders addressed to
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Something-:to-Smoke ” Fund,
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London, E.C.
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DONATIONS RECEIVED DURING THE FIFTH WEEK OF THE FUND
Special Collections
The collecting-books sent out a few
weeks ago come back in a steady stream
with most.gratifying contributions, .the list,
of which, « received during the week ending
October 22 nd, appears below.
It will be noticed that one lady, Mrs.
Winifred O. Watterson carries off the palm
■bv having collected three sums of £ 5 . The
total value collected in these official collecting
books for the week is /172 7 s. yd. which will
provide pleasure for 7 , 000 'fighting men.
Miss 0. Campbell. £10 ; Miss Kathleen Ellis and
Mrs. Stanton, £7 10s. ; Mrs. A. Baird; £6 6 s. ;
Mrs. C. b. Uillier, £8 ; Miss L.* Griffiths, £5 12s. ;
Nurse. Ki.lpiv £5 5s.. 5d. ; Mr. Jas.-Robertson,
£5 2s. 6 d.; Miss Rose Griffiths, £5 Is. 8 d. ; Mrs.
Boniface, £5 ; Miss Dorothy Sturgeon. £5 ; Mrs.
AV.jO. Watterson (3rd Collection). £5 ; .Mrs. T._
Goodman, £5 ; Miss Russell, £5 ; Miss K. Moore,
£5; Mrs. Spence, £5 ; Miss A. Martin, £4 lCs. ;
Mr. and Mrs. T. W. Dunkall, £4 Is. ; Miss Evelyn
M. Selous, £3 19s. Id. ; Mrs. F. Paccy, .£2 12s.;
Reggie Nicholls. £2 10s. 6 d. ; Miss May Barnes,
£2 9s. ; Mrs. E. O’Shaughnessy, £2 7s. 6 d. ; Mr.
J.G Thompson. £2 7s.; M. J. Dempsey. £2 6 s. 6 d.;
MissR. Johnston. £2 5i.; Mrs. Riulhin, £2 3s. 6 d.;
T. C. Wetherington. £2Is.; F.H.Nash, £2 Os. Gd.;
J. Routlcdge, £2 ; Mr. Robert A. Deacon, £2; Miss
Liversage, £118s.; Airs. Storey. £1 14s. 6 d. ; Miss E.
Foster, £1 12s. ; Mr. and Mrs. Murray, £1- 12s.;-
Miss*S. H. A. Johnston, £1 11s. 5d;. Alr.J. Brown,
£1 10s. ; Miss C. Trigg, £1 10s.'; Mrs." Jacklin,"
£1 8 s. 9d. ; Per Alfred Clayton (the Boys of
Holme Court Industrial-~School, Islcworth),,
£1 8 s. 6 d. ; Miss 'E. Tansley,'£1 8 s. 5d. ; John
Coltherup, £1 8 s. ; Miss Lane, £1 8 s. ; Miss
Athelstan, £1 7s. 8 d. ;. T. H., Brown, £1 7s. ;
Miss - L. M. Sonch, £1 5s:; Miss T. Ipton, £l 3s. 6 d.;
Miss'.C.^Patience; £l-3s. 6 d. ; Miss E. Reeves;
£1 3s. 6 d. ; Miss Clara Clearly, £1 3s. ; Mr." J.
Milton. £1 3s. ; A. G. Taylor, £1 2s. 6 d. ; W. J.
Fleeton, £1 Is. 6 d. ; Mrs. E. Wolstenholme,
£1 Is.; Miss‘Daisy H. Roberts, £1 Is. 6 d. ;
Mrs. Young, £1 Is. ; Miss L. Hardiment, £1 ;
K. ('Happen. £1 ; Mrs. Duck. £1 ; 'JIiss L. Ham-
mond, 18s. 6 d. ; L. -Bethel, 17s. ; J.'.Pavey, 16s. ;
Miss P. Alexander, 15s. 6 d. ; Master A. Willson,
15s. 6 d. ;. Mrs. W. G. Ward, 15s. Id. ; L. ITayne,
12s; . 6 d. ; -Harry Lloyd. 12s'. ; J. .H.- Tomlinson,
11s. ; Mrs. W. Morris, 10s. ; F. E. ? Hathaway,-
7s. ; Miss Ivy Z. Porter, 6 s. 6 d. ; T. Pickering.
6 s. 3d. ; Master A. Day, 5s. 8 d. ; John Loudon,
5s. 6 d. ; A. E. King. 5s. ; A. Abbott, 53 . ; Miss L.
Butler, 5s.; A. H. Hill, 4s. 6 d. ; G. Barrow,
3s. 8 d. ; Miss C.-Parsons. 2s. 6 d. ; Mr? Norman G.
Grainger, 2s. 6 d. ; Mrs. Barker, Is. ; Sidney R.
Bennett, Is.* -■ ' .
1 Donation of £5 -200 presents for soldiers.
Per .A. C’larkeAMrs. L. E. Clarke)..,
1 Donation of £3 3s. —126 presents for
% soldiers. fv - * - 1
Per L. Harison (Mr. and Mrs. L. Harison-and
Aliss Hodgkin}. ^ . _
1 Donation of £1 7s. — 54 presents for
soldiers. -
Per Mr. George Green," S.M. (collected by
Moixckton Boy Scouts). - * *
1 Donation of £1 3s.- 46 presents for
soldiers.
Per Miss E. Biglands (collected at the East
Suffolk Hospital, Ipswich).
2 Donations of £-f=8d presents for soldiers.
Per Mr. C. F. Barclay (collected by Mr. Barclay
j.nn.. and. .friends); Mrs. H. A. Oldfield and Miss
K. A. Oldfield.
1 Donation of 15s. 6d. = 31 presents for
...... ... soldiers.
Per H. Peachey.
1 Donation of 12s. =24 presents for soldiers.
• Per Emily A. Blird 6 n:..
6 Donations of 10s. = 120 presents for soldiers.
Fred Berry ; J. H. Oxenham and family ; per
J. Radford (from a few admirers at Hunsworth
Dyeworks); Doris Shaw (aged 11) and Florence
.VartyAaged 12) per Miss ThWaites, head-mistress
(Christchurch Girls’ School, Lancaster); Edward
W. Groocock. *
1 Donation of 8s. =16 presents for soldiers.
Per F. M. Bamforth, head-mistress (Cranbury
Road Girl’s School. Eastleigh). .
1 Donation of 7s. 6d.=15 presents for
soldiers.
Per Miss Constapce H. L. Pinruddocke.
1 Donation of 7s. =14 presents for soldiers.
_ From Tommy’s Friends.
1 Donation of 6s. 9d.=13 presents for
soldiers.
Hilda Johnson (aged 7).-
1 Donation of 6s. 6d.=13 presents for
- • _ . ■ ■ . soldiers.
Messrs. Richardson & Co. *
4 Donations of-6s. = 48 presents for soldiers.
Stanley Lee (a Boy Scout); per Ellen Brockle-
liurst; Miss Dorothy LUdham ; Miss Houghton
and Miss Richmorfd. . .
1 Donation of 5s. 6d.=11 presents for
soldiers.
Miss Winifred Evelyn Jones.
32 Donations of 5s. =320 presents for soldiers-
- J: Crabtree-; -Mrs. Dee * Forges -From Three
Well-wishers; per H. Norman Edge; Ruth
Harlow ; Miss Gladys Randle ;.S. Marrigay Robin*;
Mrs^S. Westlake ; B. CartwrightGeo. A. Collins ;
Thomas* Hunt; J.’Lines; John Myers; Miss A.
H. Arnold ; M. Brooks ; Walter and Sarah Higgle ;
Miss Nellie Hobrough ; Miss L: Lloyd ; Miss F.
Milton and Miss Streeting; Clara E. Pye ; per
R. J. Sayres ; Miss Kathleen E. Swann ; per Aliss
Sweeting ; Miss E. Worley ; Miss M. Y. Wright ;*
AV. H'.'Fislier ; Miss Dolly Hamer (aged 8 ); Miss
Edith .Harton ; Mr. P. A. Lewis ; Connie Steel
(aged 5); Mr. and Mrs. Warner and family ; Edith
Willis.' • • ~ ; - - - .-
2 Donations of 4s. =16 presents for soldiers.
Per J. Wroe (Ada Wroe, aged 11, and Florrie
AVToe,* aged-9); Miss Ela Horsey and Miss S. Ring.
7 Donations of 3s. 6d.‘ = 49 presents for
soldiers. -
Maud Edgcombe ; Herbert Turner ; . per R-
Burns; per M. Collin L 'Airs. E. Fells and Ida
Fells ;. Alfred W. Raper ; Miss CTarrie La vis.
11 Donations of 3s. = 66 presents forsoldiers-
- Miss Annie Atherton ;... Boys of Standard VII.
Houndsfield Road .School, Edmonton (third'.con¬
tribution). ; Miss Ivy Valley;. Lillie and £ Georgie;
Miss A. Dodgston; George (aged 9) and Mary
(aged 5) Gunn; Miss Purrott; Airs. Lowson and
Mrs. Mackay ; W. E. Hewitt; Miss S. Alice Smith,
Miss Eleanor Smith,'and Mr. AV.Smith'; J. Stead.
21 Donations of 2s. 6d.=105 presents for
j soldiers.
' Per Jas. Leurns (the members of the Bolden
Jubilee-Lodge of Good Templars); Nan Evans
(Mrs. and Miss Ross and Mrs. Evans); Miss N.
Shilling; per G. W. Gray; Miss C. *L. Harton
(Mr. and Mrs. Pease and Master and Miss Pease);
per L. Shield ; from an Old 4th R.I.D.G. ; per H.
-H. Mann ; Miss Florence Bacon; per A. G. Ball.
(Coalville Lyric Quartette); A._E. Bird ; M. D. ;
Mr. W. T. B. Hocken, jun. ; per Miss Marion
Kempthorne (aged 5); perAliss Winnie Lawday ;
Miss A. E.'Olds ; Tomblin ; S. II. AVarby ; Mrs.
Stephen. Wilkinson ; Mrs. E. Purton ; (Mrs. C.
Gower, Miss Bertha Adams, Miss Diana Parker,
and Miss E. Winter). ...
41 Donations of 2s. = 164 presents forsoldiers.
Dulcie Belcher; H. Hughes ; Mrs. Sarah Lees
A few Luton girls ; Mrs. and Miss Campbell : Miss
Jennie O’Gorman ; A. Parker p L. E. Brough;
MrsrC. Crisp; Miss E. Edwards; per Mrs. Clara
Johnstone;; L. Lillington ; Mrs." Mills and Miss
Stubbs; B. Prior; Miss Cissie Reid'; Iris Mellie
and Edna Thorne ; Misses.K. P. and A. E. Wright ;
James Atkinson ; R. H. Christie and Mrs. Christie ;
Miss E. Cook ; Maggie Diss ; E. I’. Gibson ; G.
King; Miss Ida Knight ;' Miss A. H. Lane;
Minnie Kemp : Emily Miller ; Miss Emily Peake ;
Kathleen E. Rafferty ; Mrs. R. Rankin and" Mrs.
Skeer ; A. .F. -Stephenson ; Mr. T. Abbott, Miss
Abbott, and-Miss Maud Abbott; Miss Allotb;
Annie Downes and Jenny Downes ; J. Halkct;
Airs. Richardson; Minnie Ross; T. Shanks ; AV.
AVebber ; Amy AVhite ; Margaret D. Young.
16 Donations of Is. 6 d. 48 presents for
soldiers.
Per George Pritchard (George, Arthur, and
Percy, aged 11, 5. and 4); per Jos. W. AVhitehousc
(a few shopnutes); A Girl Admirer ; John E.
Healey; Mabel Bamford; Miss IL Butcher;)
Ethel. Dick, and Bert Cooper ; I). C. Dale (Indian
Police); Mrs. F. June: Fanny Johnson; Mr.
and Mrs. AV. Jones, Miss Jessie Lambert; AV."
Shepley, C. Slieplcy, and Mrs. A. Shepley : Miss /
I. Cranswick, Miss I). Milbourne, and Aliss D.
Baker.; Miss Gearing; Misses Hankinson; Miss'
AVebb.
80 Donations of Is. -160 presents for soldiers."
Miss Evie Backhurst; A. F. Dunbar; H.“
Green; Miss Jane Greenhalgh: John Hately.
(second contribution); Robert Hepple ; Alaggie
Aldntosh; Aliss Ada Smith; Airs. H. Dixon;'
Airs. T. Stroud ; J. AVillis ; Miss B. Case ; Edward
Horace ATather (aged 6 ) ami Clara Margaret.;
Mather (aged 4); Annie AlcLeish : Jean McLeish :
Miss AIcLeod ; Miss S. J. Alills : Stanley C. Rofe ;
L. Wilson; Airs. AVood ; Aliss Cissie Balfour ;'
Airs. AT Buck'ell; AlrsT Burton'; Edith C. ; Robin
Clark ; H. .Clarke ; Gertie Clemens ; Aliss Myra-
Cross ; - Aliss Chrissie Davidson ; Leonard Deavin
Afiss E. Dorrington ; Beatrice Eastall; .Aliss L.
Lancaster and Air. A. W.-Efleray ; Aliss S. Fisher
and Airs. F.. Lumb ; Airs. Fox ; Aliss N. L. Fuller ;
Airs. A\ r . Qale ; Alice Gayton ; Airs., A. Goodwill;
Al. Hedges ; Jr A. Hcdley Aliss Annie Henfrey ;
K. and J. Hesketh ; Air. J. Clarke and Aliss Ada
Hockless ; - Grace Holdsw-orld ; M. Holloway ;
The Little Hunters ; Alary Ley ; Daisie Aliddletoii;
Alfs. Redmond ; Madge Sellers ; Aliss L. Taylor ;
Airs. Tennant: Air. T. Bailey ; AVinifrcd’C'ow'ell;
Aliss Al. Cranham; Aliss I. AL Crowther; Mrs.'
Elliott.; ! G. Owen and M::Owen ; -Aliss F. Al.
Pitman ;' E. G. Sheppard ; Emma Sherrat.t (aged'
10) and Lily Sherratt-(aged. 6 ); Albert*Stringer;
(aged 11); - Airs, and Aliss Chrissie Ward; Air.'
Ernest Wright; Aliss F. J. Andrews; Nellie
Bow ran .'arid : Edith Alary Bowran ; per A. G.
Bray Shaw ;-P. A. Devvliurst; Annie Flaxman ;
Air. and Airs. Gillespie ; -Aliss Al. Gillespie ; Joseph
Howell ; Aliss Ruth Lees ; Airs. Alorris and Son ;'
A. Roberts ; H. Roberts ; Aliss A. Smith; Airs.
WakeforJ ; Gwyneth B. Ward.
61 Donations of 6 d =61 presents for soldiers.
Aliss Alary A. Brierley ; Annie Freak ; Jamesi
Haslam, jun. ;' AH. J. Hobbs ; Airs. Kitt; Mis^
Alaggie . Lynn ; Airs. Green and Airs. Vincent ;
Sam. AVitJiey ; V. Andrews and Aliss AL C. .Ashby ;
Airs. K. Ayers; Airs. B. Ball; Aliss Dorothy
Davis ; Aliss Alary Doyle ; E. B. Dyson ; Reginald
A. Dyson ; Aliss K. Parks ; Aliss J. Grigor ; Aliss
Al. Grigor; Dorothy Leslie Hamilton ; Aliss
.lthoda Harrison; Aliss Olive Hart; Airs. Al.
Hilton; Reggie Lolley (aged 8 years); Douglas!
Silverston.(aged 11 years) ; Air. A. 8 kett-; Annie,
M. Stevens ; J. R. Whippie ; Airs. Wilson ; Dcllyi
Cottam; Lilian Douglas; Airs. A. Jarvis; Aliss 1
N. E. Pitcher ; James Senior ; Dorothy M. Bowes
Aliss Collran ; F. Davis ; Airs. A. Dolman ; George
Payze; Mrs. H. Stafford; Aliss E. AVhite; Alice.
Baker ; Alycc Baker ; Elsie Baker ; F. C. ; Mrs.
E. Clapham ; Aliss D. A. Hodgkins ; Airs. Al. T.
Alacnish ; Aliss D. Alawson ; Mrs. A. Al. Springett;
* Fred F. Rhodes (aged‘,10);' Air. G..Swift ; Aliss A.
Hussey; Mr. A. Sayers; Air. G.' Clark ; Alr.AJ
Dyer; Air. R. Kininan ; - Air. AV. Gerrard : Air.'
T. H. AVarhurst; Miss’ AI ay Drummond ; Florrie
AVhite ; Florrie AVhite ;' Alary"AA'ilson. _/
11 r \ r ’ -"^Printed ancLPublishedkbyjthe^.MALGAMATKD Press.-Limited. The Fleetwav House, Farringdon Street, London, E.C.
Published by Gordon «fe G.otch in Australia arid'New Zealand f by The Central News Agency, Ltd., iiLSouth Africa t ancLTl ic Tmpo ria LN qvs; Co.. Toronto and
Alontreal in Canada. Advertisement applications should be made to the Advertisement. Manager, The Fleetuajj HousedFariingaonlSLreet, “London , L.C\_
, Registered as a. newspaper, and registered for the Canadian Magazine Post. N
i'ernbe)'
llegisteml at the G.P.O. an a Xeicspapcr,
React . for Canadian
Magazine Post.
BERLINS DREAD—THE COMING OF THE COSSACK
11
The TTa-r Illustrated, 7 th yovember, 1914.
OUR DIARY OF THE WAR
(For our Diary of Events in the Great War prior to October 20ih, see previous issues of The War Illustrated. )
Oct. 2o .—German submarine sinks British stormier Glitra, off ivarmoe.
Three officers and 70 men of rebel Lieut.-Col. Maritz’s commando
captured ; 40 others surrender.
Germans reported to have been beaten back in attempt to cross
the Vistula.
Forty German spies reported to have been detected among
Belgian refugees at Dover.
Admiralty announces provision of “ swimming collars ” for men
of the Fleet.
Tsar prohibits Government sale of vodka in Russia.
Attempted Royalist rising in Portugal.
Ocr. 21.—It is announced that the expenditure on the war, which in
the first ten weeks averaged about 51 millions per week, has risen
to about 81 millions.
Japanese report the sinking of one German auxiliary cruiser
and capture of another.
Oct. 22.—Admiralty telegram to Japanese Minister of Marine expressing
appreciation of help rendered by Japanese Navy.
Em den reported to have sunk the British steamers Clulkana,
Troilus, Ben Mohr, and Clan Grant, and captured the collier
Exford and the St. Egbert 150 miles S.W. of Cochin. (Up to date
the Emden’s victims total 19 vessels.)
Wholesale arrests of unnaturalised aliens in the United Kingdom.
Publication of official despatches relative to Heligoland Bight
engagement of August 28.
Submarine E3 overdue. German reports state that she was
sunk on October 18.
“ 'I he Times” fund for British Red Cross Society and St. John
Ambulance Association reaches £500,000.
Egyptian Government announces that enemy ships are to be
removed from Suez Canal ports. m
Oct. 23.—Belgians fighting with Franco-British troops against
the Germans between Ostcnd and Miniport; British and French
warships co-operating. Dykes.cut along the line of tlic \scr.
German troops reported to be leaving Ostcnd.
British torpedo-gunboat Dryad reported ashore oil North
Coast of Scotland ; but to have got ofl undamaged.
Oct. 22-24.—Russians capture 17 officers and 4 t i 5° men. n machine-
guns, 22 guns, 23 caissons, and other war material, following
Prussian evacuation of Garbatka.
Oct. 24.—German submarine rammed off Dutch coast by H.M. destroyer
Badger.
Fierce fighting in Galicia, from Snndcmir to Frzcmsyl. 2,000
Austrians taken prisoners.
Lord Kitchener appeals to public to refrain from treating
soldiers to drink.
Oct. 25.—Allies occupy Melzicourt. Death of Sir Charles Douglas,
Chief of Imperial General Staff. Portuguese naval reserves
called up.
Oct. 26.—Russian calvary occupy Lodz, 70 miles from Warsaw-
Russian forces officially reported to have broken the resistance ot
20th German Army Corps, and the corps of the Reserve of the
German Guard between Pilitza and Glovachcr.
Admiralty announces that .70 ships of the Allies arc in pursuit of
the eight or nine eneinvraiders in the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian
Oceans, including the Karlsruhe, a German cruiser in the Atlantic,
which has sunk 13 ships, valued at £1,011,000, sending the crews
into Teneriffe.
Announced that M. Poincare and Lord Kitchener have been
elected to the Lord Rectorships of Glasgow and Edinburgh
Universities respectively.
French steamer Amiral Gauteaume, with Belgian refugees on
board, damaged by explosion between Boulogne and Folkestone ;
30 Jives lost in panic.
British merchantman Manchester Commerce sunk by mine
off northern coast of Ireland; captain and 13 men perishing;
30 saved.
German troops cross, the Yser between Nicuport and Dixmude.
German troops reported to have invaded Angola, Portuguese
West Africa; German denial.
Lieut. Prince Maurice of Battenberg, K.R.R., reported killed
in action.
Oct. 27.—French report the destruction of several German batteries
by their artillery fire between Soissons and Berry-au-Bac, on the
Ajsne.
Germans thrust back between Ypres and Roulers, and driven
out of French Lorraine.
Colonel Maritz and his forces routed by Col. Brits;
Maritz wounded, having fled to German S.W. Africa. Lord Buxton
reports revolt of Generals Beyers and Christian De Wet.
General Botha routs General Beyers’ commando.
Fleilbmn reported to have been seized by the South African
rebels.
Oct. 28.—First List of Indian casualties.
Belgian troops reported to have defeated Germans at Ki Seme,
on Lake Tanganyika.
Lord Kitchener announces that a further 100,000 men are
urgently needed to complete the requirements of the Army.
Breslau and Hamidich bombard Theodcsia and Novorossisk in
the Black Sea.
Oct. 29.—Resignation of Prince Louis of Battenberg, First Sea Lord.
Lord Tidier appointed to succeed him.
Russians reported to have occupied Radorn and retaken
Strykutf, Reschoff, and Novoiniasto.
Oct. 30.—Publication by the ‘‘Morning Tost rt of the Kaiser’s letter
to Lord Twecdmoiith in 190.8, m which it was emphatically denied
that the German Navy Bill was aimed at England.
Prince of Wales Fund, £3.531,000.
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A WEEKLY PICTURE-RECORD OF EVENTS BY LAND, SEA AND AIR -din,
________ ’ 7 Novemoer, 1914
No. I 2.
Vol. I.
m
' w? 1
C , ' -f:
ImP
j \ COSbACK. captured with his horse, near Lodz, was taken to
Petrokof, and exhibited before the German populace as a kind of
freak show. A Uhlan officer tried to put the horse through its
paces, but it declined to move. “ Let me get on with you," suggested
the Cossack. There were too many German soldiers about for escape
to be dreamt of. so the officer innocently complied. Directly the
Cos-ack was in the saddle he uttered a couple of words, and the horse
dashed off through the astonished Germans at full gallop. No one
dared to shoot because of the officer. That night, amid a scene of
great jubilation, and after many exciting adventures, the Cossack re¬
joined his company with the Uhlan captain a prisoner.
■ m:
The War Illustrated, 7 th Xouembev, 1914
GREAT EPISODES OF THE WAR ^£"1 $”*
attack. On both sides the carnage was dreadful. The
Russian commander had sent his men forth to die in tens
of thousands—in many tens of thousands. With something
between twenty and thirty millions of armed men at his
call, he could do what General J off re on the Aisne could
not safely do. He could chance the lives of half a million
men for the sake of a great, overwhelming victory.
At Mukden, some vears before, the Russians had been
too cautious. They had allowed the Japanese to play
the German game of persistent outflanking movements.
But now the Grand Duke Nicholas was in his own country,
with millions of reserves hastening towards his lines. So
he used his unparalleled resources of flesh and blood to
obtain a swift and complete decision. From the Vistula
to Turobin heights the enemy’s machine-guns were rushed
and their cannon choked. Then the deaths of the multi¬
tudes of fallen, heroic pioneers of victory were avenged
on the broken, fleeing foes. It was a terrible way of
winning a battle, but the result was of incomparable
importance. There was no retreat possible for the
vanquished army ; it was torn in two and routed.
The great siege-howitzers and heavy guns of the German
army could not be moved quickly enough. When the front
Page 272
the San on the south. The Cossacks shelled and charged
them in their rear, the Russian gunners and infantrymen
slew them in the front and bn the flank. Something like
a hundred thousand of the Austrian force surrendered,'
bit by bit, in brigades, regiments, and lcadcrless squads.
None of the others would have escaped had it not been
for the fine, unwarlike humanity of the Russian foot
soldier. During the first day of the rout, while he remem¬
bered his own dead, he was terrible! He slew till he was
foregone with fatigue. Then ho slept where he stood,, and
fed, and looked to his bayonet, and went onward to continue.
But he could not bring himself to do it. All anger died
out of him when he came upon his starving, driven foes.
Used to sharing his food with every beggar that wandered
into his village, he felt only a great pity for the beaten men
bunched about the marshes. The gunners and the Cossacks
acted as executioners; the peasant rifleman took what
prisoners he could, but he was very slow to kill. This is
the reason he had afterwards to fight, in the great battles
round and below Warsaw, some hundreds of thousands of
the Austrian forces he had previously had at his mercy.
While the first and second Austrian armies, with their
German reinforcements, were withdrawing in increasing
disorder towards Cracow, the third Austrian force main¬
tained a stubborn fight near the Galician frontier. But
Three memhers of the L Battery, Royal Horse Artillery, have been recommended for the V.C. for their gallant co
They continued to serve the only gun not silenced by the overwhelming German force. So accurate and fierce w
the German weapons but one were put out of action, and subsequently captured by a relieving force. This phot
the men — right, Gunner Darbyshire; left, Driver Osborne — being cheered by their comrades,
suddenly broke the Cossacks swept through the opening,
with light horse artillery supports, and captured the
German armament. Then the Russian horsemen divided.
One division helped their infantry to drive in the rearguards
of the flying first army. The other division rode through
the gap between the retiring force and the second central
Austrian army at Tomashov.
By September i ith the Austrian centre, under General
\ on Auffenberg, was assailed in front bv a force under
General Russky, and attacked on the flank by another
Russian force.
fhe Russian cavalry, moreover, was working on the
Austrian line of communication, and capturing most of its
supply trains. Having guns with them, these horsemen
were terribly powerful. The starving, outmanoeuvred
Austrians were summoned to surrender. Their case was
utterly hopeless, but their commanders refused to yield.
The Russians, therefore, had no alternative but to destroy
this great mass of men.
’ If was the most dreadful slaughter in modern history.
The vast hordes of beaten, hungry troops were driven out
of the lulls down to the great marshlands and swamps
extending from the banks of the Vistula on the west and
the arrival of fugitives from their second army, bringing
the news that the Russians were getting between them and
their beaten centre, soon began to tell on their spirits. They
made a desperate attack on the Russian left wing on
September iith, but the next day the Russian commander
in this section of the battlefield—-General Brussilov—took
the offensive and swept away the last stand of Austria’s
last forces. The beaten third army retired on the fortress
of Przemysl, while the other two armies were shepherded
along a difficult, boggy line of retreat that afforded no
rallying place till Cracow was reached.
This rout of a million men was full of wild horrors.'
Streams were dammed with bodies, trodden down in
headlong flight till the current was banked up and flowed
over the surrounding fields. Piles of slain awaited burial
or burning. V ounded, riderless horses galloped wildly
over the abandoned country, that was strewn with dead
men, and weapons, and equipment. More than a third of
the forces of Austria-Hungary were put out of action ;
the rest were left with no fighting ability, until thev passed
under the control of the German General Staff, who stiffened
them with their own men and removed most of their 1
commanders. Even then, they fought with no spirit.
Statute Miles
Margate
-Biankenbergbe.
' v-'V • J/j
Jhourout
Haulers
I Popennghe
iCourtraL
{ Tauroolm
\rmentibree
Hazebrouch c
■Mervllle
Estairet
'LILLE
Page 273
The War Illustrated, 1th November, 1914.
Scenes from the Great Battle of the Coast
^E\ ER in the history of the world lias such another
conflict as the Battle of the Coast been fought. It
extended from Ostend to Arras, and raged on land, sea, and
air. The British warships bombarded Ostend, where
Germans were in force, and the Germans rained their
heavy shells upon Dixmudc, turning the town into a
veritable inferno. The German losses were appalling, and
in their frantic efforts to reach Calais they withdrew every
available soldier and Marine from the west of Belgium,
and threw them against the Allies. A French official
statement, published on October i6th, said : " On our
'Gt wing the action now extends from Vprcs to the sea/’
this day may therefore be considered the opening of the
unparalleled battle which was still raging in early November.
A.fl £ A
MINED * -B Y //BJt IT t SH
fnfantrv* The"™.? shows®tha wh ° re f nerry b ‘h 1 ng-gir 1 s were sporting so recently as July, now in possession of German
intantry. The map shows the area of our Navy’s coastal fighting. Dotted area is shallow water; striped area, range of naval guns.
A remarkably photograph showing the actual advance of one part of the German army to the attack on the Yser.
hurried reinforcements to the Belgian coast with all possible speed, some of them being boys fresh from school
O I I I III
The !!'«?• Illustrated, 1th
IN its frantic effort to reach Calais, and thus get " at the
throat of England,” the German army sacrificed life
wholesale. Their loss during the Battle on the Coast
was estimated at not less than fourteen thousand daily.
Tire battle raged on land, sea, and air. Aeroplanes and
a stationary balloon directed the fire of our monitors, which
poured a devastating fire into the German flank, while the
allied land forces in front allowed the enemy no respite.
Until the great Battle on the Coast, most people were entirely ignorant of the three monitors—warships capable of manoeuvring in
shallow water—that Great Britain possessed. This photograph shows the monitor Humber, one of the vessels that shelled the Germans.
Who would have believed that in these days of aeroplanes a balloon
would be of use ? Yet a stationary balloon helped the monitors’
guns to get the range of the German trenches.
Photograph of a monitor taking ammunition aboard in a French
port, preparatory to another attack off the Belgian coast.
On board a monitor after its operations on the Belgian coast.
Its gallant crew have had a “go” at the Germans, and are
happy. On the left are two French military doctors who came
aboard to congratulate them upon their exploit.
The survivors of a British landing-party, who, attempting to
get ashore with a machine-gun, were picked off by German
marksmen lying flat on the sand dunes. One by one they
dropped, unable to get their gun into position.
Page 275
The War Illustrated, 1th X ovember, 1914.
German Reinforcements to“Take Calais or Die!”
idK»n m me town or Biankenberghe, north-east of Ostend towards Zeebrugge, when one of the great waves of
German reinforcements was passing through on its way to throw itself upon the rock of Belgian resistance in the south.
“Take Calais or die ! ” was the spirit in which
in her depleted attacking lines. Antwerp, like
- —-- - ■ - — ■ - • ■ —« . y . V. . . . | w. HMIIUOb UQIIUUCU Ul LI
attempt, and here we see German soldiers about to leave Antwerp for the Battle of the Dunes
Page 276
The War Illustrated , 1 th Xovembcr, 1914.
The Amazing Vitality of King
Albert’s Valiant Army
Five stalwart Belgians guard a road between Dunkirk and Calais.
They stand in front of an inn used as a guard-room.
Belgium neverlaid claim to a highly-trained Army,and Germany
expected to crush it with the greatest ease. But it won’t give in.
This photograph shows a Belgian regiment re-forming itself in
a French town. One of the men wears a British soldier’s cap.
C' 1 ERMANY fondly hoped to walk through Belgium with
V ' J hardly any opposition. The Belgian Army was so
small and inexperienced that it was never credited with
being able to impede the advance of the mighty German
hosts. Yet the tremendous vitality and resisting-power
of Belgium has been the greatest surprise of the war.
Overwhelmed at Liege, the Belgian Army retired to
Antwerp and recuperated. It constantly sallied forth
and hampered the invader, and when, hopelessly out¬
numbered and outranged in artillery, it was forced to
retire from its last stronghold, it did so in good order.
Then, undaunted, it re-formed itself and took a glorious
part in the Battle of the Coast. What France and
Britain, what the whole civilised world, owes to plucky
little Belgium can never be estimated. The story of the
brave deeds of King Albert and his band of soldier-heroes
will echo down the centuries yet to come.
In their various retiring actions before disproportionate numbers, the Belgians accomplished many creditable marches. This
photograph shows a party of them, with military cyclists, marching from Ostend, after their position in that town became untenable.
Page 277
The War Illustrated, 1th November, 1914
Prepared to sell their lives dearly, a small Belgian force impedes
the advance of a German patrol near Ypres. Picture below:
Weary, but not defeated. Belgians resting at a wayside town
in the course of their long tramp from Ostend into France.
An interval for food. Four Belgians enjoy a pannikin of soup
in the shelter of a French timber-yard.
—History has no Finer
Chapter
than
Belgium’s Heroism
ns*
^o7 ( e !!/L 0rn Bru ® s “ ls A n ‘«'erp, and then to Ostend, the Belgian Government was finally compelled to take refuge in the French sea¬
port oi Havre. This picture shows a cartload of Belgian official papers and books on their wav to the new quarters in the latter place.
The War Illustrated, 1th November, 1914.
Page 278
The Men Who
Turned the
Tide on the Yser
INURING the great Battle on the Coast, in late October,
^ a brave little Belgian' force was beaten back after
a forty-eight hours’ resistance by an overwhelming number
of the enemy. As the Germans pressed forward they
encountered, not retiring Belgians, but oncoming swarthy
figures—the British Indians—whose deadly bayonets threw
them back in disorder. They were simply dug out of the
trenches in which they had taken shelter, and the well-
aimed bullets drove them back still farther. Ten thousand
dead Germans are declared to have been left behind in
that retreat. Their hopes of breaking the line had been,
ruthlessly shattered by the East’s finest fighters. j. '
A Maxim-gun section of our valiant Indian warriors marching to battle. The Maxims are carried on the backs of mules.
...... >
* I *’''-'—•?«>•*:
' ' V ' ' ' •' •
The machine-guns are unstrapped from the mules and carried by hand to the spot whence they will pour forth their leaden hail.
Indian troops advance to take a position. In twos and threes, they put every scrap of cover, every grassy hillock to advantage.
Page 279
Temporary
r J’HE German advance through Belgium
i made it advisable for the Belgian
Government to remove the State
archives and the personnel of the
Government from Brussels, which is an
unfortified city. The first removal ve¬
to Antwerp, which was made on August
17th, thirteen days after the declaration
of war by Germany.
Then, when it became clear that
Antwerp was certain to be invested—if
not taken—the Government removed to
Ostend on October 7th. On October
9th Antwerp fell under attack by the
heavy German artillery, and the whole
territory of Belgium became unsafe for
the Government. So, on October 13th,
it i-emoved to safety at Havre, where
it was given accommodation by the
hospitable French Government.
2S
wimmgm
sm
>v
'«•'* ifl
'-*gg
** *** J*". I
- ~ -m .- * m
l] M "fit- '#;■ : 1 ;
^SlIpS
HB
The offices of the Belgian Ministers of State at St. Adresse, near Havre placed at
the.rserv.ee by the French Government, who, while deploring the reason U>r doing
so, w elcomed the chance ofjihowing their friendliness for their brave allies.
Belgian ministers in Havre. Reading from
the left they are: M. H. Carton de Wiart
(Justice); IVI. M. J. Davignon (Foreign)-
M. P. Poullet (Science and Art) ; M. A. Van de
Vyere (Finance). In the circle is the Villa
Hollandaise, at St. Andresse, near Havre,
the temporary official home of the Foreign
Minister.
The irar Illustrated , 1th Xovember, 1914.
Page 280
The Terror by Night: Our Gurkhas at Work
fighting qualities of the Gurkhas, the little hiilmen from
Northern India who form one of the most efficient sections of our
Indian Army, are well known. In addition to a rifle, the Gurkha
carries a keen knife with a broad fish-shaped blade. This knife
he can throw for some distance with deadly accuracy, or he can use
it at close quarters with terrible effect. With a cat-like noiseless—
ness the Gurkha, knife in hand or in teeth, can glide through the
grass until he is close to the isolated outpost, as seen in the
picture, and then comes the fatal throw or the fatal spring and
slash that invariably adds one to the enemy’s mortality list*
>
nightfall. Then they charged headlong up the hill. The men at
the deadly howitzers were taken completely unawares, and those
who did not flee were bayoneted. Seven guns were captured,
and a few minutes later a piece of French artillery was shelling
the Germans from the very position they had just vacated.
The capture of seven German heavy guns during the Battle
of the Rivers was a fine piece of work. A ten days’ bombardment
by French artillery failed to dislodge them, and a surprise attack
was therefore decided upon. French infantry reached the base
of the hill in the afternoon and concealed themselves until
The Illustrated, 1th November, 1914.
French Night Attack on German Heavy Guns
The Trail of War amid the Peaceful Vineyards of Northern France
2 he II ar Illustrated, 1th November, 1914.
Page 282
S. c
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£ O
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c. ?
>5
E " 3
O’ >
«-a
Li. ca
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£ 2
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1
Page 283
The 1 Var Illustrated, 1th November, 1914.
With the French Behind the Fighting-Line
In a house at Rheims, wrecked by a German shell, the kitchen
was spared, and here three French musketeers are preparing a
meal for themselves and comrades.
A French soldier takes the longed-for opportunity to be rid of
a beard that has grown during two months of active service.
|
The Germans were compelled to leave behind them during
a forward movement of the French on the Ai6ne much
of their equipment, including this field kitchen, which
French soldiers are putting to a welcome use, using their
meat ration to make a nourishing soup.
1
The irar Illustrated , 7 lh Novemoer, 1914
With the Union Jack
Page 284
on the Continent
Two commissariat waggons taking equipment
and comforts to British troops in the firing-line
in Belgium. Horse transport has by no means
been entirely superseded by mechanically-pro¬
pelled vehicles in warfare, and for cross-country
work, away from hard roads, the horse will
always be necessary.
by mu^ Xi Th 9 ese T? r u Ch in £ rance - ,n the fro "* of the column are two signallers, while the deac
Dy mules. These machine-guns, which can fire over two hundred shots per minute, have inflicted severe loss ui
A high-power motor-car, with its armed guard, employed in conveying Staff
Officers to different positions in the firing-line. It is also used for despatch-carrying.
Two British motor-cycle scouts explain the
position of the enemy to a French officer.
The War Illustrated. 1th November, 1914
rage 2b5
Peaceful Moments Amid the Glare of War
o orne of the officers commanding our Indian native troops in France partake of a frugal lunch. These fine specimens of the
iritish gentlemen are more than mere officers, they are “ guides, philosophers, itnd fnends toIhe men ' t h '
9 and the men are devoted to them, regarding their officers with a personal devotion that does infinite credit to both.
A man of peace presents one of our men of war
standing guard with a very welcome cigarette.
How our soldiers at the front get their letters. Correspondence being sorted by
two native Indian soldiers inside an hotel which is being used as a post-office.
The H*ar Illustrated , 1 th November , 1914 .
rage 286
Baking Bread Behind the Fighting-Line
impossible, he duly receives the allotted amount.
""THE British Army’s arrangements for
feeding its fighting-men are, by
common consent, unequalled in any other
army. In peace time annual competitions
were held between the cooks of the
various battalions, and this promoted a
healthy sense of rivalry which in turn
produced better work in the kitchens.
At the front there are many difficulties
to contend with—lack of proper utensils,
for instance, and makeshift ovens—yet
an officer writing home to his family said,
“ About six o’clock every evening out-
army for the most part is sitting down
before a good hot meal." There is no
question that our army is just as well fed
as the opposing army is badly fed. The
rations allowed our soldiers on active
service are: 1} lb. o!' meat daily, illb. of
bread, 4 ozs. of bacon, 3-ozs. of cheese,
2 ozs. of peas or dried potatoes, I oz. of
tea, 3 ozs. of sugar, and i lb. of jam.
A The exce l?e n ^ fe edi n q 8 q l our men* hTun^rubtldlvTntH^ed'to fheir “K“Sin tad
Army cooks are here shown with the loaves they have moulded and are about to
place in the rapidly-erected ovens. Photographed behind the fighting-line.
1
Page 287
The War Illustrated , 1th November, 1914.
With the German Invaders of Belgium
occupation in Brussels. They suffered terribly from our “ contemptible little army.
The German commander of Brussels riding
through the Belgian capital. He failed to brow¬
beat the gallant burgomaster, M. Max.
Two officers of the crack German regiment, the Zeithen Hussars, driving through
the town of Laon in a commandeered trap. One of them is seen sporting on his
breast the Iron Cross which has been so freely distributed by the Kaiser.
The Imperial Lord High Looter, Crown Prince Wilhelm. He
stole many art treasures from a fine old French chateau.
The old French chateau, near Verdun, which the German
Crown Prince made his headquarters, and from which he carried
away so many of the art treasures collected by the owner.
Field-Marshal von der Goltz, the newly-appointed German Governor-
General of Belgium, in the streets of Brussels with his Staff — a bad
substitute for the gallant and well-beloved King Albert.
The IFar Illustrated, 7 ih November , 1914.
Page 288
Our Oldest Ally-Portugal Attacked by Germany
the outbreak of war there has been speculation
as to whether Portugal would throw m her lot with
the Allies. Possessing valuable colonies, she would have
been at the mercy of a victorious Germany. She preserved
her neutrality, however, until, on October 24th, it was
announced in Lisbon that German troops had invaded
the Portuguese colony of Angola, in Portuguese West
Africa. She then despatched warships and troops to the
affected part. Previous to this, Portugal showed a distinct
inclination to take sides with the Allies, and her evicted
King Manoel offered to fight for them. Angola has an
area of 484,000 square miles and a population of 7,000,000.
_ The Portuguese Army is raised by conscrip¬
tion, all adult males between the ages of 17
and 45 being liable for service. In practice.
service only begins at the age of 20. This
photograph shows Portuguese cavalry. Inset:
President Arriaga of the Portuguese Republic.
' m < ifhHinttinn h6 _? ort uauese Army undergo fifteen to thirty weeks’ preliminary training and a fortnight’s training during the annual
' Worses and the llr n a .^^ s .w r6 Ffi? 8 , ed !} the activ ® te " >» the reserve, and five in the territorial. The quality of Portuguese
horses and the horsemanship of their riders may be estimated by this photograph of some of their cavalrymen at the annual manesuvres.
Portugal is capable of mobilising 105,000 first-line troops and
145,000 second-line. The infantry, shown here, is armed with
the Mauser-Verqueiro magazine rifle. The artillery has as
one of its principal weapons Schneider-Canet quick-firers.
Page 289 • The War Illustrated, 1th November, 1914.
Turning Young Patriots into Trained Fighting-men
Recruits of Lord Kitchener’s new army taking cover behind the boards of a polo—ground where they are training. The British
Army in the field is skilled in the ability to take advantage of every bit of cover when attacking an enemy across open ground, and they
bought their skill at a high cost in the Boer War. Inset : Embryo pipers.
Bayonet practice is always popular. The practising weapons have no sharp edge and
no point. The men wear heavily-padded clothes and visors to protect their faces.
Lying in the trenches will be no novelty to these
recruits. They ore practising it now.
Page 291
The War Illustrated, Itli November, 1914.
Some of Britain’s Hero Dead
Major P. M. CONNELLAN,
Hampshire Regt.
Maj. Lord J. S. CAVENDISH,
1st Lite Guards.
Capt. M. B. C. CARBERY,
Royal Irish Fusiliers.
W. C. CURGENVEN,
Wales Borderers.
Capt. T. H. HUGHES,
Worcester Regt.
Lt. BLACKALL SIMONDS,
South Wales Borderers.
Sec.-Lieut. K R. PALMER,
2nd Life Guards.
rhotoqrophs by Sport
Capt. D. G. METHVEN,
Seaforth Highlanders.
Capt. H. C. S. ASHTON,
2nd, Life, Guards.
Capt. T. R. BULKELEY,
C.M.G., M.V.O., Scots Grds.
Major C'onnellan, born 1881, took part in the operations around Aden and m the interior
of Arabia in 1903-4. Lord Cavendish, born 1875, was brother to the Duke of Devonshire.
He was present at the Battles of SpionKopand Colenso,* took part in the Relief of Lady*
i!th and the march from Bloemfontein to Pretoria. Captain Carbery, born 1877,
SG Capt/Methv^en 11 (Hed most* galfantly in the vicinity of Lille. Sword in hand, he led his
m Capt. ttfc S ^Comptroller
to H.R.H.’s Household in Canada since 1911, a post he had previously held in India
under Lords Curzon Mid Minto. He was wounded in the South African War, and three
times mentioned in despatches. Capt. Charrington, aged thirty-three, was appointed
A I) C to the Cominanaer-in-Chief, East Indies, in 1911. , , . . .
Lieut. Ainsworth, aged twenty-live, was mentioned in Sir .Toiin French s despatch
Lieut Pitt was the youngest son of Colonel William Pitt, late E E. l rince Maurice of
Battenberg, imrn 1891, was cousin to our King and brother to the Queen of Spam.
He fought with the King's Royal Rifles. His father died from sickness during the
Ashanti Expedition. Lieut. Snead-Cox was second son of the editor of the tablet.
Lieut. J. S. AINSWORTH,
11th Hussars.
Lieut. J. A. F. PARKINSON,
Dorset Regt
Lieut. J. D. PHILLIPS,
East Kent Regt.
Capt. A C. CHARRINGTON,
Royal Dragoons.
Capt. F. P. C. PEMBERTON,
2nd Life Guards.
Lieut. J. M. PITT.
Dorset Regt.
A. WATERHOUSE,
Royal Lancs. Regt.
H H. PRINCE MAURICE OF
BATTENBERG, K.C.V.O.
Sec.-Lieut. N. 3. L. BOYD.
Black Watch.
|Sec.-Lieut. G. P. J. SNEAD-
COX, Royal Welsh Fusiliers.
General. Lafayette, Gale d Polilcn, Hughes, TJiUs d Saunders. Lamlert Weston, Bassano, Heath, Central Press.
The War Illustrated y Itli November, 1914
HOW THE
WAR
WAGES:
Page 292
THE STORY OF THE
GREAT CONFLICT
TOLD WEEK BY WEEK
The Tremendous Defeat of Germany
A LITTLE less than three months after the orders for
mobilisation in Russia and Germany these two
Empires, possessing the most formidable armies ever
seen on earth, clashed in the supreme struggle on land.
Great as had been their preliminary battles in Prussia
and Poland, when measured by the standard of former
wars, they were only outpost affairs in comparison with
the main struggle that opened in the second week in
October and culminated towards the close of the month.
* * *
^ GERMAN host of more than a million men, with
half a million Austrian supports, moved swiftly
towards three points on the Vistula. The left wing attacked
near Warsaw in heavy numbers. The centre tried to
force a passage over the wide river at Ivangorod, an old
romantic Polish city on the upper.Vistula, formerly known
as Demblin. The right wing, mainly composed of Austrian
troops, attacked on the south along the San River, joining
the Vistula near Sandomir. At the same time another
powerful German army advanced with great vehemence
far in the north, all along the frontier of East Prussia.
Altogether, there may have been two million Teutons
taking part in the vast, invasive movement. What the
Russians numbered we do not know.
* * *
'J’HE Russian commander-in-chief could not divine at
what point the main attack would be made. But
he. attracted a huge force of Germans towards Warsaw,
where he was fully prepared, and there his men drove in
and outflanked the enemy and harried them in a long
pursuit to Lodz. This, however, was not the main attack.
The Gcnnan commander, General von Hindenberg, exerted
his greatest force farther up the Vistula, between Ivangorod
and Josefov, a week’s hard marching from Warsaw.
* - * *
The Decisive Point of the Struggle
pWEN when the German left wing was driven back,
the German centre fiercely continued its forward
movement. There was a week before it could be taken
in the rear by part of the victorious Russian troops from
Warsaw. If by the time they arrived the passage of the
Vistula had been won and the country beyond occupied,
the first phase of the campaign would have still been a
great German success.
* ■ * *
T™. deadly Russian counter-stroke came at last from
Ivangorod. There was an advance guard entrenched
in the forests across the stream. Vowing to die to
the last man, they drove back the reconnoitring Uhlans,
and compelled the German centre to deploy for a grand
attack. While this attack was being made, the Russian
army, on the other side of the river, moved its guns against
the left flank of the Germans, and the fortress of Iva.ngorod
thundered against the German front. After this terrible
fire had gone on for seven hours the main Russian infantry
advanced across the bridge, deployed, and charged the
Germans in front and on both flanks, driving them from
their position on October 26 and 27.
* * *
■yriE -Cossack horsemen then swept round to harass
the retiring enemy. But, meanwhile, r a strong
Russian column, that had set out from the north six davs
before, arrived, after a march of 130 miles, full on the
lear of the German centre. The invaders’ retreat, on
this part of the immense battlefield, was changed into a
precipitate flight. It was then a race for the Warta River
cntrenchments, near the German Polish frontier, between
the victorious Russian troops and the broken German
centie. J he German left wing was also retiring past
Lodz to the Warta, and the Austrian right wing on
the San, cut off likewise from its centre, was. in danger.
At the time of writing it looked as though the vast German
■defeat on the left bank of the Vistula, in October, would
prove as decisive and deadly as was the Austrian defeat
on the right bank of the Vistula in September. In both
cases Russia dealt three swift, terrific strokes, and com¬
pletely broke down all opposition. Never had it been
thought that modern armies of millions of troops could be
overthrown so suddenly.
* * *
Ths Swaying Battle-front in Franca
JyJOTHIXG so decisive as the two great Russian vie-.
tories over, first, Austria, then Germany, has been
obtained by the Allies on the western battle-front. General
Jofire, having nothing like the illimitable forces of the
Grand Duke Nicholas, followed a slower and more economical
plan of battle. He manoeuvred nearly always for the great
advantages of a good defensive position, so as to let the
enemy waste himself in, advancing against the dreadful
machinery of modern war. Only when his own line
weakened at any place did General jofire bring forth some
of his reserves for a strong counter-attack.
* * *
CO all through October the long battle-front gently
swayed in a remarkable balance of forces on either
side. The northern British army oscillated between Yprcs
and Roulers, and the Belgian troops moved a mile or two
in front and behind the Yser canal. Seven times the
Germans crossed the canal, only to meet the French sup¬
ports to the heroic Belgian forces and fall in awful slaughter.
* * *
Sapping the Strength of the Germans
■THERE was just enough weakness in the allied line,
from the sea to the colliery towns south of Lille, to
tempt the Germans continually to storm it in huge numbers.
This weakness, however, was a show and not a reality.
It was a lure. Behind the first line, that seemed so
attractively fragile, were strong reserves. The Germans
in one place swept over a rise and broke through a Belgian
trench. Just when they were shouting in the joy of victory,
the reserve — Indian troops — gave them the “ mad minute ”
of rapid rifle fire, and then charged with the steel point,
driving for niles through the enemy’s front till they reached
some of the guns in the rear and captured them.
* * ' *
J AM nibbling at them," General Joffrc remarked when
he was asked how the war was-going 0:1. But the
bites lie made in Flanders and Artois, towards the close of
October, were lion-like rather than mouse-like. On the
Yser Canal it was reported that the German lost in killed,
wounded, and prisoners about ioo<ooo men — far more,
probably, than the Russians put out of action in the Battle
of Warsaw, or even in the Battle of Ivangorod, The terrible
gun fire of British monitors and other British and French
warships off the Flemish coast, no doubt, added greatly
to the losses of the Germans. But all along the critical
line, from Nicuport to the colliery towns of Northern France,
the sapping of the strength of the Germans went on night
and day.
* * *
r J'HE Germans continually tried to do what the Russians
had done to them and to the Austrians — storm the
position by direct frontal a.ttacks. First came a long,
shattering bombardment of the fire of hundreds of guns,
concentrated mainly on one point by field-telephone
control. When the Allies were thought to have been
blown from their watery trenches, the German infantry
came on in the old close formation, line after line of them,
to bear down all opposition by sheer pressure of numbers!
But it never succeeded. The German bayonet was not
handled with the same skill and power as the Russian
bayonet. Moreover, the Allies were mostly marksmen.
'I hey often held their fire till each of their bullets went
through more than one body. Then, as the Germans
reeled back and hesitated, while their officers screamed at
them and threatened them with revolvers, the Allies rose
up for their turn with the bayonet. By October 29th the
Germans seemed to have exhausted themselves, and to be
waiting for more “ food for powder.”
The War Illustrated , 1th November , 1914 ,
ill
WHY A WOUNDED SOLDIER
CAME TO SEE ME
By the EDITOR
FEW days ago a knock came to my door, and the
office-boy entered.
“ Soldier to see you, sir! ”
“ Show him in.”
He came in, bronzed from the fields of France, a clean,
straight, young fellow, with clear eyes and the self-confidence
that goes with an alert mind in a strong body. His right
arm was in a sling.
I cannot tell you all he told me, although I should like
to do so. But 1 have only half a column of space. Here
it is as one might condense'it if it were to be telegraphed at
a halfpenny a word :
“ Got to Mans with that crowd. Had a hot time with
tire Germans; gave them a hotter one. Retreated for
more than a week without three hours of sleep on end-
boots on all the time—food when we could get it—soap
and water not at all. Mcaux—a hotter time than ever;
only ninety men of my regiment still together, although a
great many we thought lost rejoined us later. Fushed
the Germans back; got them on the run ; held them fast
for a foitnight. Piece of shrapnel in my aim; sent home
to recover ; almost well now ; will be here a lew weeks,
and want to give my time to collecting for your ' Somcthing-
to-Smoke ’ Fund. Please give me a book.”
” Did any of our tobacco and cigarettes reach you when
you were in the battle-line ? ”
“ Rather 1 Two days before I caught it. How delighted
we were ! And didn’t we give them beano that night 1 It
cheered us up so—-to be remembered you know—put new
light into us when we were fagged.”
** Do you mean a good smoke made you fight belter ? ”
"Well, it checis you up, and that’s the ffnood to make
you want another ‘ go' at the Germans.”
He-said a lot more, but that is all 1 have room for. You—
my readers—can account for some Germans by giving our
soldiers the solace of a good smoke, which “ cheers them
up” and keeps them in that happy frame of mind for
which they have become proverbial, and in which they can
meet the German onslaughts without a quiver.
Please send along your sixpences. Please look on the back
page of this cover and see what my readers have done in
less than a week. And do your share.
Mammoth War Reciter
containing all the most popular patriotic
poztns and recitations, including :
“ How Ginger Saved the Guns ”
“ Bravo Kitchener!”
“The Saucy frelhusa”
“The Charge of the Light Brigade”
“Three Cheers for the Red Cross Nurse”
“Bannockburn,” etc., etc.
Do net fail to ob'ain this collection ot ennobling
poems, which is given FREE wi ll this week’s
HORNERS WEEKLY
FAMOUS LOVE
PICTURE
ABSOL UTELY FREE.
Nothing to Buy. Nothing to Sell.
No Competition to Enter.
FREE TO EVER Y READER O F THIS PAPER.
From to-day everyone sending the Presentation Coupon at
the foot of this announcement will have forwarded a copy
of the beautiful Engraving roughly illustrated below.
Every Engraving presented is guaranteed by the OXFORD
PINE ART OALLEKfhS — a firm established over 33
years ago and enjoying Royal Patronage—to he printed
by hand, by British labour, direct from the engraved plate,
on fine quality plate paper measuring 22 in. by 18 in.
Seme idea of the value of this unique free gift may be
obtained from the fact that the Artist’s Proofs (all of
which have now been disposed of I were sold ct 3 guineas
each, and the ordinary India prints at 1 guinea each.
Probably no other picture of its kind, except iwrha)is its companion
pictnre. "To Be or Not to Be,” has ever exercised such a fascination
in every home circle.
It portrays a scene from which there can he no escape so long as the
World lasts'and vising and lovely woman rules.
J.ove, noi«. Passion. Jealousy. Despair—all these conflicting human
emotions are depicted in the men’s faces, in striking contrast to tlie
perfect cairn and guileless innocence of their fair inspirer. For the
first time an Engraving of this exquisite Royal Academy Picture is
now altered free, as a sample of the Oxford Fine Art Galleries’ famous
reproductions, to introduce the catalogue ot superb pictures which they
are now supplying to art lovers all over the world.
By sending the coupon below (together with (id. tor box and postage)
you'piaee yourself under no obligation to bny frames or pictures or
anything else. The gift is absolutely free and unconditioned —if the
unrivalled beauty of this splendid Engraving kindles in you a desire
fo buy from the catalogue, so much the better tor the Oxford Fine Art
Galleries ; if not, the matter ends with your free gift.
Further, if you do not think the free picture one of
the most beautiful hand reproductions you have ever seen,
ycu can return it, and your cost of post-ge both icays will
te w lling'y refunded by the Oxford F ne Art Galleries.
4s every Engraving is printed by hand, the ontpnt per day is
necessarily limited : therefore, fill in the coupon at once and send oil
to-day to 'avoid delay in delivery.
PRESESITATIOTr COTTPON
FOR FREE ENGRAVING OF “TWO STRINGS TO HER gOW.”
To T1IE OXFORD FINE ART GALLERIES. (3, Baker Street London, W.
Under Royal Patronage. Established 33 years. Tel. 3727 Mayfair.
1 accept, your offer of a free Engraving of (.’. Haigii Wood's famous
Rovnl Academy Picture, " Two Strings to Her Bow,” and request
that the Engraving and Illustrated Catalogue lie sent to me, carefully
packed and carriage paid. 1 enclose Registration tVe of lid. (P.O. nr
stamps) to cover cost of box and carriage per Fared Post.
•Vnaic
Address
MOW ON SALE
ONE PENNY
IV
The War Illustrated.
7th November, 1914.
More Than 11,000 Soldiers Made Happy This Week
During the six days "before this is being
written—that is, ii^oiie day less than a \veek : —
th <5 readers of Tim AV.vu ■*Ilu:strated have*
made 9,73s soldiers happy. They have sent
that number of sixpences to* oul* ‘‘ Something-
to-Smokc ” Fund for our soldiers at the front.
We ' have 1 reached the very satisfactory
average of 1,620 sixpences'jrer'day,' and if the
period had been a full week of seven days,
the total number would be 11,450.
As you know, we are asking, for sixpences.
What does a sixpence clo ?
'■ It delivers into the hands of a soldier, in
the fighting line two cakes of tobacco and ten
“ Something-to-Smoke ” in the Trenches
cigarettes—the parcel being worth between
Ts. and is. 6d. in this country. Sixpence’can
d) so much because no duty is paid mi the
goods, so that every sixpence goes in tobacco
and cigarettes, none in taxes.
Tor every live shillings contributed by hur
readers \ye add to the parcels sent a one-shilling
pipe.
Every package paid for by a sixpence sent
by you will have your name aiid address on
it, so 'that the soldier who gets it will knew
whom he has to thank.
lilt addition to the consignments sent to
the twenty regiments already intimated, con¬
signments have been sent forward to other
four regiments as U Hows :
The Royal (nniskilling Fusiliers
The Cheshire Regiment
The Royal Scots Fusiliers
The 2nd South Lancashire Regiment
Please - send your postal-orders addressed
to Thk War Illustrated -
“ Something-to-Smoke ” Fund,
The Elect way Ho ush, -
Tarringden Street, London, K.C. ..
And don’t forget to put your name and address.
If you would like a collecting*sheet so that
you can get your friends to help with' sub¬
scriptions, please ask for 011c at the same time.
DONATIONS RECEIVED DURING THE SIXTH WEEK OF THE FUND
T he lists below include all the colleeting-
f> >oks returned, and all the donations during
The six days ending on the morning of October
‘ 28 th — just one. day less than a week—and
the total 'amount is £243 4 s. id., which is
‘more than in any Tull week before.
Special Collections
ft. \Y. Corps, £10 : Miss II. II. Young. £8 2s. 6 d.;
Miss McConnell. £7 5s. ; Per C. H. Tortoncso,
•collected from friends and colleagues at Messrs
Harris A’ Dixon, Ltd.. F-C-, £6 12s. 6 d. ; W. I.
Young. £6 10s. Id. ; Miss Bertha Heap. €6 ; Miss
D. 1. Dodd, £5 13s. ; Miss Ituby Burns. £5 7s. ;
Mrs L. Tavlor, £5 5s. ; Miss A. L. Richards,
£5 Is. 6 d. Miss E. P. Proffitt, £5 Is. 6 d. ; Miss
Russell. £5 : Mrs. ltitson, £5 ; Mrs. C. J. Stock-
veil. £5 ; Mr. A. Easton, £4 4s. 6 d. ; Miss Edith
schooling, £4 2s. lid. ; Miss Florrie Owsnett,
£4 2s. ; Mrs. J. Baker. £4 : Miss May Atkins,
£3 7s. ; Miss J.. Watson, £3 6 s. 9d. ; A. J. Pettitt,
£3 6 s. ; Chiunney Wood, £3 5s. lOd. : Mungo
Coiiaeiier (ag.-d 0), £3 5s. ; Miss A. b. Hamilton,
£3 4s. ; L..' 'Patton. £3 ; IV. Day. £2 17s. 6 d. ;
Miss M. V. Friswcll. £2 15s. ; tleo. Bromley,
£2 10s. ; Miss Sanford. £2 7s. Cd. : JT. Freeman,
£? 6 s. 6 d. : Miss W. B. Wheeler. £2 5s. 9d. ; Edgar
/. £2 5s. 4d. ; Mrs. Edward duett. £2 2s. 6 d. ;
Miss D. (Hover, £2 0s. 6 d. ; Mrs. Cochran, £2 ;
Miss N. Young, £1 18s. ; Mrs. A. E. Stockall,
£1 17s. i 6 d. ; Vernon R. Abbott, £1 16s. ; Miss
Fleetwood, £1 15s. 6 d. ; Geo. Fletcher, £1 15s. ;
E. A. Frost. £1 12s. ; Master .T. Mace, £1 12s. ;
Miss E. Walker, £1 11s. ; .Miss Maud Fenwick
(aged 14), £1 lCs. 6d. ; Mr. A. King, £1 lCs. ; Miss
Mabel St ra than), £1 8s. : Mrs. A. Sutcliffe, £1 8s. ;
Harry Taylor, £1 8s. ; X. E. White, £1 7s. ; Master
F. Brooks, £1 5s. ; Miss. I. Jones. £1 23. Id. ;
W. Bailey, £1 2s. ; Miss B. Parkinson, £1 2s. ;
Fred Millluim, £1 Is. 2d. ; Miss Edith Rouse, £1 ;
Miss Ida lt imcll,£l ; E. Trimlett, £1 ; Miss Humble,
18s. ; Miss Emily AT. Wimble, 17s. 6d. ; Miss B.
Brayshaw, 17s. ; John McCriun, 15s. 6d. ; Nancy
E. Franklin, 15s. ; Miss Winifred Kirk, 15s. ;
Miss D. M. Lavender, 12s. ; (J, Phillips, 11s. 6d. ;
W. F. Woollacott, 11s. ; Win. Pollock, 10s. 6d. ;
Mrs. Lock, 10s. 6d. ; Mrs. W. Rose, 9s. 6d.; If. W,
Harrison, 9s. ; B. Jones, 8s. 7d. ; H. L. Little,
8s. ; E. S. Dyke, 7s. ; Miss A. Jones, 6s. 6d. ; Miss
. Jirooks, 6 s. ; Miss A. Garland,* 6 s. ; Miss F.
Walker, 5s. ; R. Downes, 5s. ; J. Cronow, jun.,
5s. ; Fred Iloare, 4s. 6 d. ; John Garbut, 4s.
Donations
1 Donation of £5 200 presents for soldiers.
Joe Mitchell.
1 Donation of £3 4s. 6d. 129 presents for
soldiers.
Per D. McGregor Fie min (A few members of the
-Angus Club, Dundee).
1 Donation of £1 11s. 6d. -63 presents for
soldiers.
Per E. 8 . Allen (Bricklayers Dept., Steel Peeek
& Tozers, Rotherham).
1 Donation of £1 5s. 8d. 51 presents for
soldiers.
" (Collected by Thomas Cook from a few friends
and fellow employees at New York, U.S.A.).
3 Donations of £1 =120 presents for soldiers.
It. T. Wishham (collected by C’issie Alderson
(aged years); R. C. Greenless.
1 Donation of 18s. 36 presents for soldiers.
(Collected by. G. Mould from old friends at
Siitterton).
1 Donation of 17s. 6d. - 35 presents for
soldiers.
. Per H. Ford (from the finishing and press rooms
of Messrs. J. Hepworth & Sons, Ltd., Leeds).
1 Donation of 10s. 6d.=21 presents for
soldiers.
Per Miss W. Bennington (from a few admirers).
10 Donations of 10s. = 200 presents* for
soldiers.
Mr. Luke M. Hill; per Geo. H. Chase ; Employees
Messrs. J‘. R. Fyfe ; No Name, of'Elsecar ; II: B.
AV. and A. C. W. ; Albert Collett; Charles Fry;
(Mrs. A. H. Wood, Mrs. Swift, and A. II. Wood) ;
per .Samuel Roberts (from Treasurer. Hampton
Arms Ambulance Class); E. D.'Smith.
1 Donation of 7s. 6d. 15 presents for
soldiers.
Mrs. E. Johnson.
6 Donations of 6s. 72 presents for soldiers.
Miss Peggie R. Dickson ; Rev. Canon L. Kagg ;
AL Sangster : “ The Channings ” ; (Miss Sansum,
Miss stock, and Miss W. M. ltoek) ; II. E. Chalice
lobb.
1 Donation of 5s. 6d. 11 presents for
soldiers.
(Collected by Mis. D. Gout at the White Swan,
Bicker. Boston).
30 Donations of 5s. 300 presents for
soldiers.
(J. A. Drake and H. <i. Drake) ; Mrs. D. Ritchie
Dickson; (Carrie aim David Williams); Mr. and
Mrs. J. G. Anderson; J. George Cocking; Miss
Edith F. Conmrtly ; collected by E. Dawson;
Miss E. Gladstone: Madeline and Lillie Gray;
Miss M. Peregrine ; Miss B. Rich ; A. R. Spurgin ;
'Two Well-wishers; Two Friends; per Mrs. C.
Blanchard ; (collected among the hoys of Standard
11. of St.Agatha's Boys’ School - ); per Eric M Cardell;
Air. .and Airs. Arthur Harding; E. Hawley;
Peggy Henderson; Win. Taylor; Miss Edith
Waddington ; Air. S. Warwick : B. K. Wilkins ;
Mrs. AI. E. Roberts : Aliss Hilda Hewitt; Gertrude
Haver : (collected by Gertrude E. Hannan from an
oHiee of the Great Western Railway, Paddington) ;
N. L. Green ; Hy. Rj Jesson Dawes ; Aliss Jessie
Boult. v r . ■
1 Donation of 4s. 6d. 9 presents foe soldiers.
Agnes Hunter.
5 Donations of 4s. 40 presents for soldiers.
Miss Winifrede Crooke: (collected by ('. E.
Dale from relatives); Chas. E. Ward, F.F.I.;
per James Wroe (Ada Wroe. aged 11, and Florrie
Wroe, aged 9); John D. Whiting.
5 Donations of 3s. 6d.=35 presents for
soldiers.
A. Ainsworth: collected by Aliss K. Wishart,;
E. Venables : (John Largue and Gerrard England);
No Name, of West Ealing.
9 Donations of 3s. 54 presents for soldiers.
4th contribution by the Boys of Standard VII.
of Hounds field Road Council School ; collected-by
Miss C. AI. Ellis; F. Talbot; (Harry Clarke. Airs.
E. Clarke, and F. AV. Clarke); Mr. J. E. Self and
Family ; W. Thurston : Airs. Adams ; Miss Vera
Muriel Robertson ; A. Goodman.
40 Donations of 2s. 6d. 200 presents for
soldiers.
Airs. Julia Bangert; (Miss Fanny Bray and Miss
Louie Dunstan): J. R: Chestne.v (3rd contri¬
bution) ; (Airs. Collins and Airs. Holbrook) - ; - M.
Jelfery : A Nurse : Alarjorie and Reggie Ansell
and their little dog Patsy ; F. Cooke : Aliss Connie'
Fallow : J. Davies; Aliss Evans; Alary Payze ;
Jinnie Hunt and Robbie Hunt (aged 5); Matthew
AIcQue^fi; Aliss A. J). Morris; Aliss Phyllis
Aliuldiman ; George Payze ; Airs. Rcedc ; Aliss I).
RicharitVm ; Aliss . Gertrude E. Snufies ; F. B.
Soar: Mrs. Threifall; Aliss Kate F. Vickers;
E. W. Luff; Miss E. Alilton ; Air. A. E. Ray ;
Aliss Stoke ; Airs; A. Taylor ; Air. John Crompton ;
J. T. Davies ; Aliss Fluitt ; W. C. Higman ; Mrs.
Shackleton ; Louis Scott; Aliss G. Aiuspratt ;
Geo. A. Knight: Arthur Hicks; AViUie Farrow
(aged 12) ;• “ Cardiff Baker ” ; H. F. Bradb’iriu
Greenwood); Jean Forrest: AIi.*>« Elsie Green¬
wood : Air. and Airs. Tom Harris; Frank Heap
and John Heap ; Airs. John Henderson ; Min. W.
Hobby ; Miss N. Heelis ; Alay and Jane Howard ;
Miss Patricia Alary McDonnell: Ella Nall ; Aliss
Sowerbutts: Aliss Katherine AI. Turner: Miss
Warwick; Aliss F. AVecdon ; “A Friend”; "A
Girl from Luddenden ” ; Mrs. A. Hawley ; (Miss.’
Jessie Russell. Master Henry Russell and AI. Hall);
Per Leonard Shield: Aliss Pearl Smith; (R..C.,
Thomas, aged 10); Elsie Western : Airs. L. Bourne ;
Master G. Chamberlain; .Aliss N. Dickson: Miss
AL. Griffiths ; Alau'de Nassall: AI. and M. S. Kcast;
A Few Luton Girls: Mrs. and Aliss Prescott; per
J. AV. AYhitehouse ; (A Few Shopmates).
29 Donations of Is. 6d. 87 presents for
soldiers.
Aliss A. Robertson ; (Miss E. AVaterman and
Miss .AI. Gregory) ; (Mrs. Sales and two children);
per Robert Blackwood : (Air. and Airs. J. G. Bayes
and Miss Rosemary Bayes); (L. A. Bubb and L.
Woodateh); Dorothy Cox; - Mrs. Foxcroft:
(Aliss A. Holden, Aliss P. Holden, and B. Hidden)
Faniiy Johnson ; Airs, and Aliss Alaycock ;
Dorothy E. Mills; (Mr. and Airs. Stevens, and
Peggy and Joan); (W. Shcpley. C. Sheplc.v, and
AIr<. A. shcpley); Per AI. AVilliams; Aliss A.
Wood ; Hilda Wood ; Mr. A. AV. Deverell; Alex.
AL Henry; Miss Dora Bloomfield Moran : Arthur
if. Aluttou; Aliss Tilly Wakelln; Aliss Eva
AVildon : Albert Tow, Is. 8 d.; Duleie Belcher ; Aliss
s. E. Banner: Aliss Edie Lidstone; Aliss. E.
Alartin ; E. C. N.
81 Donations of Is. =162 presents for
soldiers.
” A Soldiers AVidowed Mother ” ; Airs. Ashmore ;
Air. G. Blackmore ; Mrs. C. Blewer : A. Briggs;
Airs. Btishell; Aliss Alice Cuekow ; Aliss A. East ;
Air. .T. Gray; AJiss Lily Scott; Lydia Smith; 1).
Taylor ; No Name, of Wokingham; Laura Bradley;
Sadie W. Dennett ; S. Brierley; Miss Rose
Brearley : AV. Carter ; Miss E. Cherrington ; Geo.
E. Conolly ; Airs. Crombie ; Alisj Eileen Desmond
(aged 4) ; Winsome E.Duckworth : Emily Darlow ;•
Aliss Gatward ; Alice Howies: Miss Dorothy AI.
Goss : J. H. ; F. Harvey.; (Miss B. Helyer and.
Airs. Helyer); Aliss I. Hood ; Alaster Leslie E.
Joy ; • Jas. Mackenzie 3 - Sarah McDotigall; Miss
Bertha Alcyef; J. B. Aloylan; Alary Nursey;
Aliss Amy Peace; AV..O. Perry; Herbert Win.
Pickering; A. Osborn; Airs. Poole y ; Airs. Painter
and son ; Aliss Bessie Renton ; Olive Reynolds ;
Aliss Josephone Rowland ; Ida Simnett ; Miss B.
Spain; Aliss A. Spencer: Aliss E. TalbotAliss
AI. E. Thomas; (Mrs. Harrod and Mr. Wyatt);
“ A Poor Mother ” ; S. B.” : Nellie Carpenter ;
Aliss - E.- Coward: Aliss K. Gradidge : Alice Or
Gunnell : Airs. F. Harrison; (Joan and Philip
Larke): H. C. Lloyd : Aliss Isabella .Mackenzie ;
Air. and Mrs. R. B. Mitchell ; Scout AV. Peters ;
Master P. Re'dshaw ; J.' Oliver. Is. 2d. ; ALiss
Quita Boys: Aliss AT. Dale; Isitclla Dowrick;
Aliss AVinifred King ; *(R. Lane and AV. AVilkinson);
Aliss Laura Lidstone: Geoffrey Maltass : Nancy ;
Airs. Newport; Aliss F. Potter; Mr. R.'F. Ruth;
Jessie*S. Cowey : Mrs. G. B. Tate ; T. A'anstone ;
J. E. lugs. Is. Id.*
45 Donations of 6d. 45 presents for soldiers.
No Name, of Chipstead ; Aliss E. Burtortshaw ;
Aliss D. Moore ; A. L. Fielder ; Airs. Ethel Jones ;
Ejsie Manson ; Aliss Edith AA'ard ; Airs. C. Upton ;
Amy Ariner : Aliss Nellie Bainbridge : Aliss L.
Crane; Ronald Constable (aged 9).; Miss Helen
Chamberlain ; Miss Norah K.' Evans ; Louie
Elliott; Alaster Harold Griffith (aged 9 ) ; A.
Hammond; Samuel Hunt; Mrs. Hodgson;
Alinnie Alorris; Miss M. McQuaker; Bertha
Nuttall; E. AV. Norris ; Mrs. Parkinson ; George
44 Donations of 2s. =176 presents for
soldiers. * — - .
Fred R. Baker; Stanley Bennett; Lily _. . . , .
Causdale; Edith Gigg ; Charles F. Jessop ; (H. Snell; Miss F. Thompson ; Airs. R. Tringhani
Adamson, Miss H. Adamson, Miss R. A'damson, J. R. AVhippie ; J. A. Wigan ; vFred'Woodhead;
and Aliss’.AI. Simpson); Miss Nellie Blackaby ; Mary Edwards ; AV. Foreton ; ‘Mrs. Agnes Kinchin ;
(A. Boager and K. Woodison); Air. and Aliss E.
Buckley ; (Aliss AV. F. E. Chillingworth and Aliss
N. B. Cooper); (Mrs. Coates, jun., and Airs. Coates,
sen.); R. De Lattre ; (Nellie Fairbrother and Aliss
Henry Locke ; Aliss Smith ; Aliss Irene .St evens ;
Air. E. AVarhurst; Greta Buck ; Winifred Buck ;
Aliss L. Catterall; F. AV." Jones ; N. N. Alann ;
AV. G. Alaxwell; G. R. Aliller ; Jos. 1 . Smith.
Printed and Published by the Amalgamatkd Pukss, Limited, The Fleetway House, Farnngdou street, London, E.c.
Published by Gordon A Gotch in Australia and New Zealand ; by The Central News Agency, Ltd., in South Africa; and The Imperial News Co., Toronto and
Montreal in Canada. Advertisement applications should be made to the Advertisement Manager, The Fleetway House, Farringdon Street, Lotidun, E.L\
15 . Registered as a newspaper, and registered for the CanaMiairMagazine Post. N
1
The War Illustrated, 14 tli November, 1914.
Hegistcred at the G.P.O. as a Newspaper.
m saaEKsaa
mmm i I
: IPS ■
Fc ti%a%~ a ™ c, ? n “THE LONDON SCOTTISH COVER THEMSELVES WITH GLORY” R!o. 13,
The Illustrated , Itth November , 1914 .
OUR DIARY OF THE WAR
(For our Diary of Events in the Great War prior to
Oct. 27. —French report The destruction of several German, batteries
by their artillery lire between Soissons and Berry-au-Bac, on the
Aisne.
Germans thrust back between Ypres and Roulers> and driven
out of French Lorraine.
Colonel Maritz and his forces routed by Colonel Brits ; Maritz
wounded, having fled to German SAW Africa. Lord Buxton
reports revolt of Generals Bevel's and Christian De Wet.
General Botha routs General Beyers’ commando.
Heilbrun reported to have been seized by the South African
rebels.
Gct. 2S.— First list of Indian casualties.
Belgian troops reported to have defeated Germans at Ki Senie,
on Lake Tanganyika.
Lord Kitchener announces that a further 100,000 men are
urgently needed to complete the requirements of the Army.
Oct. 29.—Breslau and Hamidieh bombard Theodosia and Novorossisk
in the Black Sea ; and torpedo-boat shells Odessa. Sevastopol
also bombarded,.
Resignation of Prince Louis of Battenberg, First Sea Lord.
Lord Fisher appointed to succeed him. The King directs that
Prince Louis be sworn of the Privy Council.
Russians reported to have occupied Radorn and retaken StrykofT,
Reschoff, and Xovomiasto.
General Botha routs Beyers in the Transvaal, and takes So
prisoners.
Oct. 30.—Publication by the “ Morning Post” of the Kaiser’s letter
to Lord Tweedmouth in 1908, in which it was emphatically denied
that the German Navy Bill was aimed at Great Britain.
Government hospital ship Rohilla runs on rocks off Whitby ;
over 70 lives lost.
Germans forced to recross the Yser, Belgians having flooded
area gained by them.
M. de Giers, Russian Ambassador, leaves Constantinople.
Bedouin tribes cross Egyptian frontier.
H.M.S. Hermes sunk in Dover Straits by German submarine ;
3 killed, and 20 missing.
Oct. 31.— London Scottish, the first British Territorial Regiment
to take part in the fighting on the Continent, distinguish them¬
selves near Ypres, where the Kaiser is said to be with the German
forces.
German cruiser Emden, disguised, sinks Russian cruiser
Zhemchug and French destroyer Mousquet at Penang.
General bombardment of Tsingtau begins.
Italy occupies Saseno. Resignation of Signor Rubini, Minister
of the Treasurv. leads to fall of the Italian Cabinet.
October 27th, sze previous issues of ‘‘The War Illustrated.”)
Nov. 1. — J-'oreign Office statement on. Angln-Turkish relations issued.
From this date the “ Peking Gazette ” is announced under
German control.
Battle in the Pacific. According to German reports, H.ML
cruiser Monmouth was sunk, H.M. cruiser Good Hope severely
damaged, while the cruiser Glasgow and armed auxiliary cruiser
Otranto made their escape from the German cruisers ScharnhorsC,
Gneisenaiiv Nuernberg, Leipzig, and Dresden.
Nov. 2.—Egypt declared under martial law.
Reported that passengers and crews of British steamers Vandyck,
Hurstdale, and Gian ton had been landed at Para, Brazil, the vessels
having been sunk by the German cruiser Karlsruhe.
Nov. 3. — British cruiser Minerva shells fortress and barracks at Akabah,
in the Red Sea ; and a combined British and French force bom¬
bards the Dardanelles forts.
Enemy squadron fires 011 coastguard patrol Halcyon, off Yar¬
mouth (one man wounded) ; submarine D5 sunk by mine during
pursuit of the German vessels; 2 officers and 2 men on the bridge
saved.
Germans reported to have evacuated the line of the Yser between
Dixmude and the sea.
Kaiser said to have narrowly escaped from bombs dropped by
an airman in Thielt.
Imperial Viceroy of Caucasus announces he has been ordered by
the Tsar to cross the frontier and attack the Turks.
Admiral Sir Percy Scott appointed to the President, additional,
for special service.
Nov. 4.—King and Queen visit Canadian troops on Salisbury Plain.
German cruiser Yorck sunk (by mine, or submarine) at entrance
to Jahde Bay.
Nov. 5. — Official statements issued of Sir John French’s warm con¬
gratulations to the Indian troops and London Scottish.
Russian General Staff announces a general forward movement
by the armies of the Tsar.
Allies reported to have retaken Lombartzydc, near Nieuport.
“ London Gazette ” announces that, owing to hostile acts
committed by Turkish forces under German officers, a state of
war exists from to-day between Great Britain and Turkey, and that
Cyprus has been annexed. Turkish Ambassador and his Staff
leave London.
German officer in Alexandria Police Force sentenced to penal
servitude for fomenting rebellion in Egypt.
Baron Sidney Sorniino becomes Foreign Minister in the new
Italian Cabinet.
"Eye-Witness” describes attacks on British lines near Ypres
between Oct. 26 and 30 as “ the most bitterly-con tested battle
which has been fought in the western theatre of war.”
From this date the whole of the North Sea declared “ a military
area.”
TO READERS WITH FRIENDS OVERSEA
We, in Great Britain and Ireland, live in the heart of things. We have more
information about the progress of the all-absorbing War than our friends who
live thousands of miles away. Let us think of these friends. Their hearts
beat as ours do, their interest is as keen as ours in the day-by-day events of
the War, and they welcome just as we do the news about the War happenings.
You can do something for them
that they will appreciate and thank you for.
You can send them
“The War Illustrated” week by week
i he best and most convenient way to do this is to send a six months’ subscription
to the publishers, and the numbers will be posted week by week to your friend oversea.
Send 6/6 with your friend’s name and address
to Export Department, “ The War Illustrated,”
The Fleetway House, Farringdon Street, London, E.C.
and your oversea friend will receive
“The War illustrated” post free for Six Months
An indication of the declining enthusiasm of the German soldier
is the number who surrender without a fight. In companies and
squads they have given themselves up, in many cases to numeri¬
cally inferior bodies of British troops. A typical case was the
surrender of five starving Germans to two unarmed motor-’bus
drivers. In the words of an official report, “our men continually
come across small parties of the enemy, more particularly in the
woods where they have hidden. They appear pleased enough
to surrender.” Our artist pictures the capture of some Germans
who have concealed themselves in the undergrowth.
voi J f; A WEEKLY PICTURE-RECORD OF EVENTS ISY LAND, SEA AND AIR
The IFc/r Illustrated, Ulh Xovember, 1914.
Pago 294
THE GREAT EPISODES OF THE WAR
X.—The Terrible Battle of Nieuport
O F all the wild, fierce battles on this blood-stained
planet, the Battle of Nieuport was the strangest
and fiercest. It was a land battle fou.ght by de¬
stroyers against submarines, by battleships against mine¬
layers, by waterplanes against siege-howitzers. Vast hosts of
men clashed on the land and in the skies, on the sea and
under the waves. They dug themselves in the earth like
moles; they soared like eagles ; they fought in the sea
depths like sharks. And victory remained apparently,
though not really, doubtful until a Belgian engineer brought
a new ally to the help of his heroic, outnumbered comrades,
and, letting in the tempestuous North Sea, flooded the
fields of Western Flanders and drowned’the enemy.
A Futile Attempt to
Intimidate Britain
The most extraordinary thing about this extraordinary
battle is that it was unnecessary. Merely to attempt it
was a catastrophe of the gravest kind. For the attempt
signified that the German Military Staff had lost its balance
and was striking blindly. In all probability the mistake
was due to the interference of the German Emperor, who
desired to advance along the coast and take Calais quickly
at any sacrifice of life, not for a military purpose, but
for a political object—to intimidate the British people
by the vain menace of invasion. The correct but slower
way for .a'German advance towards Calais was from Lille,
by the road from La Bassee. This was undertaken the
same time as the roundabout attack at Nieuport. But
the two divergent aims entailed a disastrous division of
all the available forces, and neither, therefore, was achieved,
though the Germans were in overwhelming numbers.
Never has General Joffre showed such subtlety and
deadly skill as in this affair. Right from the beginning
the situation at Nieuport and along the Yser Canal, running
from the coast to Dixmude, was entirely under his control.
He had only to order the sluices to be raised and the
water in the low-lying fields round the canal would form
an impassable barrier. But he did not give the order,
as it would have thrown a vast German army, supported
by a terrible power of siege artillery, back in their right
path of advance at Ypres and Lille.
The French commander-in-chief kept the enemy divided
in their aims. He seems even to have encouraged them
at times to persist between Nieuport and Dixmude, by
allowing his line there to grow weak. By this means he
warded the full strength of the enemy from the really
critical points round Lille. He began, on Friday, October
i6th,' by throwing a small force of French Marines to
Dixmude. Then the gallant Belgian army of thirty-five
thousand men moved forward to the last unconquered
strip of their territory', and entrenched from Dixmude
to Nieuport, along the .Yser Canal, in a flat, bare land
of dykes, wet pastures, and sand-dunes.
German Strength
in Men and Guns
As the Belgians had scarcely rested since their retreat
from Antwerp, the German Military Staff reckoned they
were a worn-out, half-demoralised mob that could not
make any serious resistance. So—as General Joffre had
calculated—the Germans jumped at the easy', resounding
victory which was offered to them. It meant the com¬
plete conquest of every scrap of Belgian territory, the
entire destruction of all the Belgian force, and the road
to Calais! A popular achievement of this rounded-off,
finished kind could not be allowed to fall to a plebeian
like General von Ivluck. His Majesty King Wilhelm
of Wurtemberg was given command of the extreme
German right wing, so that he might win all the glory
and increase the Teutonic faith in royal leadership.
The German commander brought within range of the
Yser Canal all the more mobile siege artillery that had
been used at Antwerp, together with the howitzers and
field guns of three army corps—the 22nd, 23rd, and 27th—
and about one hundred and fifty thousand men. Not only
were the Belgians and French Marines outnumbered by
three to one, but the artillery power against them was
immeasurably superior. Certainly, in arranging a royal
victory' the German Military Staff took no chances whatever,
and so sure were they of the result that on Sunday', October
18th, the wireless news agency' at Berlin informed the world
that the Teutonic forces had won through and reached
Dunkirk on the French coast.
This, however, was as premature an announcement
as the former notorious statement, made in similar circum¬
stances, that the British force below Mons had been
encircled. Things did not fall out in accordance with
the German time-table. The heroic Belgians held their
front all through that dreadful Sunday, with shrapnel
bursting over them day and night from hundreds of
guns they were unable to engage with their light and
scanty' field artillery'. But when it was thought they
were slain, broken, and fugitive, and grey masses of German
infantrv advanced to occupy the canal, the Belgians rose
and, shattering the German advance with their fire, routed
it with a bayonet counter-attack.
Ships of War
Called to Help in the Land Battle
Then they flung themselves full length on the ground,
and the shrapnel storm burst over them again. Almost
every injured Belgian was wounded in the back. In the old
day's this would have been a sign of cowardice. In the awful
conditions of the Nieuport battle it was a rign of terrible
courage. It meant that the German infantry—though
three to one—counted for nothing. The wounds came
from shrapnel fire, while.the Belgians were sprawled.on
the fields waiting to repel the German, foot soldier. Before
the battle closed one-third of the entire Belgian army
was disabled or killed by hostile gun-fire.
All of them would certainly have perished in this way'
in the opening days of the struggle if the overwhelming
German artillery' had met with no opposition. It was
not a human fight, but general slaughter by death machines.
Happily, all this had been foreseen by the commander
of the Allies, and in the darkness help was arriving, strangely
and suddenly', to the sorely'-pressed heroes of Belgium
and to the French Marines who were fighting by their side.
No spies could signal across the dunes to the King of
Wurtemberg, warning him of what was coming. The
Germans were taken unawares. For at daybreak, on
Monday, October 19th, the guns of the British Navy thun¬
dered over dune and polder. Three monitors—the Severn.
Humber, and Mersey—warships of a new design that could
float in a few feet of water, had steamed from Dover
with a flotilla of destroyers, to take part in the great land
battle. They carried 6 in. guns and howitzers, all directed
by the new sy'stem of fire-control, of which flying machines,
scouting over the enemy’s batteries and trenches, formed
an important feature.
A Mighty Duel of
Big Guns
The German artillerymen, coolly flinging death at the
distant Belgian troops along the canal, had the greatest
surprise in the history of warfare. Against the attack
of their strange, new adversaries, they were as completely
helpless as the Belgians were against their fire. Their
gun positions were fixed, and were changeable only by slow
means. The guns of the British monitors, on the other
hand, moved from place to place with the speed of
cavalry. It was practically impossible to get their range.
And all the while British fire-control officers, in flying
machines and other positions of vantage, directed the
deadly true, concentrated shell fire of the naval guns
on to battery after battery.
At last the great, decisive contest of British genius
against German genius had fully opened. For the first time
in the history of the war our mechanical appliances for
battle were fairly matched against the machinery of war
( 1 Continued on page 290.)
Pago 2S5
The War Illustrated, 14/A Sorcmhcr. 1914.
MORE CAMERA GLIMPSES OF THE GREAT
BATTLE OF THE DUNES AND DYKES
THE fancy of Jules Verne, the scientific insight of II. G. Wells, the
vivid imagination of Rider Haggard never pictured anything
more stupendous, more thrilling, and more awe-inspiring than
the great battle on the coast of blunders, where, combatants fought
their death feud in four planes of activity.
Try to picture the scene. Scouts of 'the air and great airships
up above spying for earth foes below as well as battling in their own
element — heavy artillery, machine-guns, rifles, bayonets, and the
strong arms of the best fighting men of four great nations struggling
lor land mastery and the road to Calais on the surface of the land—
stops °f war off the sea coast booming defiance and destruction upon
the batteries of hostile artillery—and under the waves the mosquitoes of
he sea—the deadly submarines—trying, and trying vainly, to impede
the activity of the deadly sea guns.
It wanted only one thing more to complete the picture of the almost
superhuman conflict, and that thing came. The dykes were broken
by the Allies and the North Sea rushed into the trenches swirling
along wounded men and ghastly corpses through the 1 jw-lying beet-
helds enveloping big guns in the murky flood and making men flee
for their lives.
I his page and the five that follow help us. to visualise that greatest
of all scenes of. human slaughter since Cain killed his brother.
British big guns going to the front before their deadly work in the greatest battle of the ages, when the conflict of air. land, sea, and
under-sea raged for days in the stern struggle for the road to Calais.
The bravery of Belgium shone bright in the Battle of the Dunes, when they held positions for days against overwhelming odds, waiting
for reinforcements thatfarrived Iona after they were due. Here Belgian artillery is taking up a position among the sand-dunes.
1
l
t
The Tl’</r Illustrated, 14 th Xovember, 1914.
GREAT EPISODES OF THE WAR <Ccn ^ 1 ^ m
forged by Krupp of Essen and Skoda of Pilsen. In
numbers the German cannon were overpowering; there
were six hundred guns and more, ranged in batteries, from
Middeikerke, below Ostend. But in science of handling,
the weapons made by Vickers of Barrow were supreme.
And when the battleship Venerable, with 12 in. guns,
and smaller warships of Britain and France joined in the
great artillery duel, the German guns were thoroughly beaten.
The German trenches ran with blood ; the water in the
dykes took a red tinge , regiments of dead and wounded
cumbered the coast road, . and formed banks along the
canal All that the Germans had, cold-bloodedly, arranged
to do to the Belgians was done to them. They perished
in tens of thousands.
Where our warships’ ordnance could not reach the daring
Gurkha went. A few years ago, at the manoeuvres in India,
one of our home county regiments was resting for the night
in the midst of a sham battle. Suddenly the men awoke
in the darkness to find a dark, smiling figure standing by each
of them. The Gurkhas of the opposing army had crept
into every tent. The British soldiers frankly admitted
that they could all have been knifed in their sleep.
Page 236
on the coast, and endangered the submarines whenever they
rose at night to race on the surface. Day and night,
while the battle lasted, the thunder of the returning mines,
striking and exploding on the sea front, could be heard at
Ostend and Blankenberghc. And always the clamour of the
naval guns rang above all the noises of the shore.
In light and darkness the clash of British sea power and
German land power went on. Whexr the sun set, the
dazzling beams of searchlights played from the sea on to
the German trenches and gun positions... And,, like
monstrous birds of prey, the British airmen wheeled in
battle against German aviators in Taube machines and
air-ships, smashed them, and held the dominion of the
slues.
A Fiercely-dispu'.ed
Canal Position.
The King of Wurtembcrg saw his promised victory
changing into a defeat. He surrendered at last the country
round Nieuport to the allied fleet, and massed his troops
near Dixmude, where the Belgians were holding a loop¬
shaped curve of the canal. Here by pressure of numbers
the German infantry, advancing on both sides of the loop,
pressed back the Belgians at night. But -at dawn the
German infantry halting on the road near Dixmude during the great Battle on the Coast and the road to Calais.
This deadly trick was now played in earnest on the
Gcunans. A boatload of Gurkhas was landed silently
m the darkness among the dunes. Leaving their
rifles, bayonets, boots, .and most of their clothing
on the sand, the Gurkhas put their big knives between
their teeth, and crept on all fours into the German lines.
Each sentry was knifed noiselessly', and guiding each other
by frogs' croaks the terrible warrior-knights of Nepal
1 cached the ammunition store, killing everybody they' met.
they put a bomb with a long-time fuse among The enemy’s
ammunition, and crawled back to the shore, and steamed
away. Meanwhile, something like an earthquake, mixed
up with a violent thunderstorm, occurred in fhc German
camp, and next day there was no ammunition for the
guns.
Vain Efforts of
German Submarines.
hat was left of the German batteries when our fleet hi
found their positions was shifted farther inland, and tl
coast to the north of Ostend was rapidly fortified wii
'^■vy howitzers. Urgent telegrams were, sent to Emdc
Harbour for submarine help, and a'flotiila of these sharl
ol the deep sea was sent against our monitors. But as oi
monitors floated on the waves in raftlike fashion, drawn
Jess water than a destroyer, the torpedoes of the submarim
passed under them without striking and explodin
Hundreds of mines were then launched against our floatini
mobile sea forts. But the flood tide Aims the mines bac
Belgians returned and recovered the ' canal. Seven
1 imes this happened It was all night fighting and dawn
fighting, in the darkness or in the ■ grey, misty twilight
when the gunners on either side could give little support to
the infantrymen
Blank-point rifle fire, with a brief burst of machine-gun
fire, heralded attack and counter-attack, but the bayonet
did most of the work The carnage was inhuman, for fhc
three German army corps were reserves, formed of partly-
trained boys and old men,. remarkably courageous, but
badly handled by their officers. Shouting their battle
cries : “ Louvain ! Termondc ! ” the Belgians stabbed
till their aims grew wearied, then retired, and the French
infantry and Marines took their place. Yard by yard the
1.50,000 Germans won their way across the red dykes.
Passing the canal was now easy for them and for their foes, for
though the water was six feet deep, they bridged it in several
places with their bodies till they had only 100,000 men left.
When at length the Belgian army took the victory
that had always been within their reach, and broke the
dyke and flooded the road to Calais, they trapped a German
brigade in the water. On Monday, . November 2nd, the
entire German force retreated hastily from the inundated
land, leaving their wounded to be picked up by the Allies.
Tire Battle of the Yser was over—the most sanguinary and
the strangest that was ever fought.' It lasted from October
16th to November 2nd, 1914, and more than half the
Germans who took part in it were slain or disabled.
Possibly one-third only being in a condition to march back.
Page 297
The War Illustrated , 14 th November. 1914.
The Wonderful Belgians still facing the Foe
The sway of battle forced the Belgians back for a
little while, and here they are seen, foot-weary
and mud-stained, retiring before fresh German
troops, but soon they halted in a selected position,
held the enemy, swept his columns with their fire,
and made him run under a bayonet charge.
THE Belgian army formed the left wing
1 of the allied front in confronting the
German onslaught, and l ight bravely it played
its part. The opposing odds were terrible,
but the indomitable determination was
stronger than all the massed columns of German
soldiery sent to pierce their lines, and they held.
The annals of war have no more stirring chapter
than that which tells of the brave stand of the
war-worn remnant of King Albert’s gallant
army when it kept back the German flood
between Dixmude and Xicuport in October.
A Belgian field-gun waiting for a German advance among the sand and
scrub a few miles from the sea during the great battle.
Ypres was the centre of the hottest part of the battle, ana it was about nere tnat tne Belgian xroni enaea ana me onubn muir.
5>egan. In this photograph Belgians and British are fighting together under cover of a hedge that hid^s them from the Germans.
Jn*d years°ago C . h, Th6 a srnTlMns n et V p!cture C sh<nv^ S the e damage* to a venUUitor'on rrUVUs!^* miant^b^zTQerrrfans'hore gum
The TFcrr Illustrated, 14 th November, 1914.
Page 298
m'arch^tcTcafais Venai-ab'e, | he °- d 15,000-ton battleship that shelled the German positions, and helped to prevent the
march to Calais. Shecarr.es in addition twelve 6 in. guns, eighteen 12-pounders, six 3-pounders, two Maxims, and four torpedo-tubes.
Help from the Sea for
One of the obsolete British gunboats which, armed with powerful new guns,
handled with daring and skill, gave effective help in the land battle.
the Battle Ashore
■"pHE effort of each of the two contending
army fronts to outflank the other reached
its climax and its end when the German right
and the allied left rested on the seashore. But in
the British Fleet the Allies had an instrument
of attack that Germany did not have available
with her warships locked up at the entrance to
the Kiel Canal.
The battleship Venerable, a fifteen-year-
old boat of the London class, brought her four
13 in. guns into play, and by the accuracy and
rapidity of her fire, she made the German
positions untenable and inflicted awful slaughter.
She was assisted by boats of the Monitor type,
shallow draft vessels drawing only about four
feet, that can approach close inshore and steam
up shallow rivers, but yet carry heavy artillery.
Some of the vessels assisting in the work
were old gunboats, no longer on the active
seaworthy list, but kept for coast and harbour
patrol work, pulled from the Admiralty backyard
for service on a unique occasion, a service "they
performed brilliantly and almost without hurt.
Page 299
The H ar Illustrated, 14 th November, 1914.
French Colonial Troops in the Coast Battle
Men of the crack French Colonial regiment, Chasseurs d’ Afrique, advancing over the sand-dunes rn the vicinity of Nieuport. This
regiment has not been much mentioned during the war, but it has, nevertheless, been doing sterling work.
Zouaves take a brief respite from the firing-line, watering
officers’ horses at one of the few Belgian farms that have
escaped destruction.
The area in which the coastal fighting took place is comparable to our own East Anglian fen country — flat, somewhat marshy, and
intersected by ditches and other waterways. These two photographs show some Zouaves stealing towards the German linsa
concealed from the enemy’s observation by a ditch, which they afterwards employ as a trench.
Attacking a German position from the shelter of the farmhouse.
Many hand-to-hand conflicts have taken place in buildings
similar to this.
The TFar Illustrated , 14<A November, 1914.
Page 300
After a Hard Day in the Coastal Fighting
Bolgian peasants driven from their cottages and farms when
the line of battle lengthened and extended to the coast. Hand-
to-hand fighting took place in many of the coastal villages.
Dead and dying Germans lay in their thousands along the
roadsides and in the fields during the great German effort to
reach Calais. One is here shown about to be buried by Belgians.
every avanaoie tseigian was pressed into the service of th
Belgian Army. Here the latest recruits, mostly immatur
youths, are seen going to dig entrenchments.
Thfs ntetlfrb severe, but they were incomparable to the enormous German roll of dead and wounded,
titer the battTe fjH h " a a W ° ^ ave . b ? e "„ s ' 9h u tly wounded, but who are still able to walk to tho hospital in the rear
alter .the battle. They ehouted Are we downhearted ? ” to the photographer as he photographed them, and gave the usual answer.
Page 201
The War Illustrated, 14 th November, 1914.
King and President at the Front with Gen. Joffre
'Y’HE Germans have elected in this, war to play the role of assassins of
the air as well as of murderers of the sea, where they have strewn
the treacherous mine in the path of the merchant ships of neutral countries,
the dastard attempt to kill King Albert and President Poincare by aeroplane
bomb, at the review seen in the bottom photograph, is in keeping with
the many other methods by which the great Pharisees of culture make
war. Their inhuman policy has lost them the respect of neutrals as well as
of their enemies, since they cast behind them tire least pretence of chivalry.
General Joffre and King Albert reviewing
French troops as they march past on their way
to the battle-front.
President Poincaire, who has twice made a tour of the firing-lines, and Belgium's
gLhero King inspecting Belgian troops who are now doing such gallant work in the
little corner of their country not overrun by Germans.
graphed. Little damage was done, but the intention of the outrage
was not in doubt. The incident only served to fire the ranks
of the Allies with a detestation of the enemy, and deepened the
resolve to beat to his knees the nation that wages war by such
despicable methods.
King Albert, the French President, and General Joffre reviewing
the allied troops. German spies seem to have conveyed to
the German lines advance notice of this review, because, half an
hour before it took place a German Taube dropped a bomb
within a few yards of the square where this scene was photo-
German Guns stuck in Marshy Ground are Captured by Russians
The
Xoecmocr,
1914.
Pago 303 v
London Scots prepare to deal
The War Illustrated, Uth November, 1914.
with German Huns
The London Scottish on parade.
A FTER many weary days of
fatigue duty, tiie London
Scottish got their great opportunity.
At four o’clock on a dismal, bitterly
cold morning they were ordered up
into the trenches. They had been
collected, hurriedly from all quarters
behind the firing-line, for the com¬
panies were widely scattered. They
obeyed the call with gay alacrity.
The big shells of the Germans were
booming and bursting over them as
they took up their position, which
they were ordered to hold at all costs.
They got to work at once, and keenly.
Their shooting was clean and careful,
and they were soon doing damage.
Then the Germans came at them in
overwhelmingly superior numbers,
and they answered with one of those
fierce and deadly bayonet charges that
have made every corner of Britain
ring with their fame.
Colonel Q. A. Malcolm, who has commanded the
regiment since 1911, and was warmly con¬
gratulated by Sir John French on its work.
The late Ear! Wemyss, when Lord
Elcho, founded the regiment in 1859,
and was Hon. Col. from 1878 to 1901.
London Scottish practising one of the bayonet charges that decimated the German ranks during the Battle of the Coast.
The ll'or Illustrated, 14 th Xo vernier, 1S14.
Page 304
London Scottish give a Glorious Lead to Territorials :
ne Territorial corps the London Scottish has won its
spurs in the Belgian fighting. Taken almost to the firing-line at
IVIessines in motor-’buses, the battalion prepared to give battle at
a spot where our lines were especially hard pressed. It was
necessary to occupy a Village where the enemy had installed
machine-guns at the windows of the semi—wrecked houses. Earlier
in the day British troops had been driven out from the village by
a terrific onslaught of Bavarians, and now the position had to be
recovered. All the afternoon our artillery blazed away at the
village, but it was six o’clock in the evening before the German
Page 305
Routing the Vaunted Bavarians in a Bayonet Charge
guns were partly dislodged. Forming up under cover of a wood
half a mile away, the Scottish crept cautiously forward. Then,
fixing bayonets, they ran towards the village as one man. Men
fell here and there in the mad rush forward, but it all too
quick for the Bavarians. It was no time for quarter. On the
Scottish came, bayoneting the Germans, driving thsm up to and
through the town and out again on the other side. There was only
one uniform in it—the kilt. The village won and Maxims placed in
position, the battalion re-formed, and set out prisoner hunting. Few
regiments have been vouchsafed so inspiring a virgin day in action.
*
The TFnrr Illustrated , 14M November, 1914.
Page 306
London Scottish Off Duty in France
DLENTY of varied work came the
way of the Loudon Scottish in
France before they were brought
to the firing-line to perform their
brilliant charge. A lance-corporal
of this famous Territorial regiment
put on record some of his duties.
“At present,” he said, “I am
working a. telephone switchboard,
and as most of my subscribers
are majors and colonels, 1 have
to be civil. Before this I was a
general navvy — shifting cases of
shells weighing 120 lb. to 145 lb.
each. The trains came up mixed,
and we had to sort the ammunition
into its proper class. Before that
I escorted a prisoner from one
side of France to the other—a four-
days’ job—living in cattle-trucks
and so on. Previously I had been
attending the wounded from a
battle that lasted eight days. The
entire medical staff here mustered
only about a dozen, so all the
doctors and medical students among
our men were called out as dressers,
and the rest of us took round the
tea to the injured men and acted
as bearers. Some of them wen-
wounded on a Monday and could
not 'be removed from the trenches
until Friday, owing to the firing.”
London Scottish at the wash-tub in France. They are exceedingly glad of an opportunity to
smarten up some of their belongings. Some have had their hair cut distinctly short.
oreau ana jam, ana afterwards a smoke, for a party of London Scottish on a French railway-station. Alt the wiles of the pretty French
girls tailed to lure from them the regimental letters on their shoulder-straps or the buttons on their uniforms,
■ I I .
¥ i.
FsSeS*- '■m ;
When the Germans were attacking Antwerp, the Belgians sent five locomotives, with waggons loaded with sand, under full steam full
tilt in the direction of the German lines at Malines. Then occurred, perhaps, the most remarkable railway wreck in the world’s
history. The Belgian engineers pulled the levers, then jumped off as the engines got under way, and let them gather speed as they
rushed without dontrol over the track to swift and sure destruction.
'
This is anothor view of the wrecked locomotives that charged the German position at Malines. The Germans, who saw the fiery
chariots coming, had just time to throw up some obstructions that sent the engines off the rails in a great heap of scrap-iron. Notice
the twisted rails and the sand waggon below the second locomotive.
The havoc made by the locomotive charge mentioned above was so great that the Germans found it more expeditious to build a new
track parallel with the old one instead of attempting to remove the wrecks and repair the old line. This picture shows the new
line under construction, with the wheeled chargers in a heap of ruins on the far side.
Page 30?
The 1 Vur Illustrated, 14 th Xovcmlfcr, 1914.
Wrecks of War on Belgium’s Railways
* The TFar Illustrated , 14/7? November , 1914.
Pago 308
“The Sick Man of
Europe” resolves on Suicide
TURKEY resolved on suicide on Thursday morning,
1 October 29th, when two of her warships shelled a
couple of unfortified Russian towns on the Black Sea.
Although war had not been declared, Turkey’s intention
to side with her Prussian mentors had for two months been
suspected. Turkey offered an apoLog} r to Russia, but as
she did not remove the multitude of German sailors from
her vessels, it was not accepted, and the Turkish Embassy
left Petrograd on November 2nd. The following day a
combined British and French squadron bombarded the
Dardanelles forts at.long range, and a big explosion,.accom¬
panied by dense masses of smoke, was noticed. Earlier,
the British cruiser Minerva found the town of Akabah, on
the Red Sea, in German occupation, and shelled it.
A body of Turkish infantry, with Constantinople in ths background. Turkey once had the
reputation of producing fine fighters, but they did not shine in the recent Balkan War—
thanks, perhaps, to German training having knocked the spirit out of them.
Turkish cavalry. Five hundred years ago they were the scourge of Eastern Europe, but
in recent years the Balkan States have played ninepins with them.
The Turkish warship Hamidieh,
which shelled the unfortified port of
Novorossisk, in the Black Sea.
Enver Bey, Turkey's Ger¬
manised War Minister.
A Bedouin Arab on his steed. A great massing of Turkey’s nomad
horsemen took place in Asia Minor, preparatory to a raid upon Egypt.
General Liman
Turkey’s
1
Page 309
The War Illustrated, 14 th November, 1914.
Turkey
Sir F. Wingate,
command of the Egyptian Army.
Long journeys across the waterless deserts of
but for the services of camels.
promises to restore Egypt to
Deceitful
A section of our Egyptian Army on parade. They would fight to the last rather than exchange British freedom ol thought for the
iron-bound rules of the Prussian drill-book. Inset: A representative unit of the Egyptian Camel Corps.
King George, centre figure in white, and Lord Kitchener inspecting a battalion of
Egyptian infantry. These well-disciplined soldiers have no love for the Turks.
EGYPT, land of pyramids and sand, was the splendid bribe that Germany
held forth to Turkey to induce that tottering country to take up arms
against the Allies. But Lord Kitchener knows more about the defence of
Egypt than any man living, and he can be trusted to guard its safety. British
brains and money have made Egypt a land of plenty, instead of a scorching
waste, and die natives, excepting a few agitators, have no desire to change their
rulers. On November 2nd about three hundred Bedouin chiefs from different
parts of 'Egypt visited the British Agency at Cairo and expressed their loyalty.
A state of war was officially declared to exist between Great Britain and Turkey
on November 5th, when the British Government annexed Cyprus.
A corner of a field near Fere Champenoise where, at the Battle of the Marne, the Allies made a strong attack and compelled the
Germans to retire. The dead are French infantrymen who fell when advancing in the successful bayonet charge.
*
This photograph was taken after one of the bloody battles in Northern France. Here an artillery action took place, and though the
guns were saved, these dead horses and men remained as grim testimony to the struggle that had taken place.
These French peasants are interring the corpses of German soldiers who fell during the retreat from Meaux. In the trenches,
extending for miles, which the enemy had vacated, many such grim offerings to the god of war were left behind.
The War Illustrated , 14/7* November 1914.
Page 310
Death’s Ghastly Harvest on the Battlefields
■■
1
After one of the battles in Northern France, threo
hundred Germans were buried in one great trench
and a similar number of French in another. These
men are performing the gruesome task, and what
look like logs at the end of the trench are corpses.
Page 311 The War Illustrated , 14 th November , 1914.
Horrors the Kaiser’s Dreams have Wrought
A company of French infantry was surprised and decimated in the Misme Wood, near Peronne, and, when the war photographer
went afterwards with his camera, this was the scene that confronted him. Oval picture shows a dead German in a field at Peronne.
■
AT ■
Pago 312
The War Illustrated, 14'/* November, 1014.
Temporary Homes for Stricken Belgians
The famous diamond-cutting works of the firm of Asscher,
in Amsterdam, were fitted up for the reception of Belgian
refugees, and the photograph above shows one of the spacious
rooms arranged as a dormitory for women and children.
The small picture on the right was taken in Alexandra Palace,
the immense concert-house of North London, which was fitted
up to take some of the Belgian refugees who came to London.
This is one of the great halls filled with beds.
The Bijou Theatre at the Alexandra Palace, used as a great night nursery for the children of Belgian refugees. IVIany thousand
Belgian refugees were accommodated in the Palace, and were drafted off in batches to many parts of the country where hospitality
was offered to them. Britain has received to her heart the unfortunate people whose country took the first shock of the German attack.
Page 313
Gallant Canadians to
fight for
The War Illustrated, 14 Ih Xovember, 1914.
King and Empire
The King and Queen paid a special visit to Salisbury Plain on November 4th, and reviewed the Canadian troops who are training
there. This photograph shows the sturdy warriors marching past. There is nothing of the “Wild West” about them.
•m
The Canadian contingent possesses several armoured motor-cars, a photograph of which appears here. The King displayed great
interest in them and entered one with Lord Kitchener. They will help to swell the large number already assisting the Allied armies.
The King passing down the lines, followed by the Queen and Lord Kitchener. Their Majesties frequently stopped to chat with old
campaigners, and the Queen called one youthful soldier a “naughty boy,” because he declared himself to be “officially nineteen.”
vanaaian nigmanaers cneer inoir iviajo&uos u - . -, --■ . _ Ql - •
were drawn up on either side of the road, with caps balanced upon their bayonet points, and their cheers echoed acros, the Plain.
German soldier came in,” says the nurse, “holding a revolver,
which he pointed at my heart. I met him in the corridor and
assured him that only wounded and tired-out men were in tho
place. He went away, but thirty Germans came later with officers
and made my patients prisoners, taking awav all who could walk.”
—
The War Illustrated, 14/7/ November, 1914.
Page 314
Brave Nurse who Protected British Wounded
In a letter to a Swansea friend, IMurse Agassiz tells how she
witnessed the first contact between British and German troops.
Street fighting raged in the little mining village. With the help
of two brave village women, Nurse Agassiz tended the wounded.
The British subsequently retired and the Germans arrived. ‘A
The ![*«?• Illustrated , 14 lh IV ovember, 1314.
Pago 315
Major G. E. BOLSTER, Major Lord CHAS. MERCER
Royal Field Artillery. NAIRNE, 1st Dragoons.
Major C. R. McCLURE,
19th Hussars.
Major N. L. S. LYSONS,
King’s Own Royal Lancs. Rgt.
Died for Britain’s Honour
Capt. C. G. JEFFERY,
Yorkshire Regt.
Capt. F. H. MAHONY,
Cheshire Regt.
Capt. the Master of KINNAIRD,
Scots Guards.
Capt. A. H. ROMILLY,
Duke o£ Cornwall’s L.I.
Capt. H. T. MAFFETT,
Leinster Regt.
Capt. L. GORDON-DUFF,
Gordon Highlanders.
Lieut. G. C. WYNNE,
King’s Own Yorks L.I.
Lord Nairne was an Efiuerrv to the King, and son of Lord Lansdowne, who, among
many other titles is 20th Baron of Kerry and Lixnaw, created 11 SI. Major McClure
received his commission in 1900 , was promoted lieutenant in 1901, captain in 190 /, amt
- - - ~ * - *.- 1 or,r ’ and saw
Soudan in 1885. _ r , .
Capt. Maffett saw active service in Northern Nigeria in 1901. * he Master or
vinnaird was born in 1879, and educated at Eton and Trinity College, Camnmlge.
T„ A1 .1,1. ...A ,.e 4-1, « 1 1*-U Or,..,,,, L’innainl tvllO ftlVTN JlhOllt- 1 1.900 aCTOS. ail(l
Kinnaird ««.-> .. - _
lie was the eldest son of the 11th Baron Kinnaird, who owns about 11,900 acre.'', anu
was formerly Lord High Commissioner to the Church or Scotland. Captain
Jeffery entered the Army in 1901, and was almost immediately engaged in the South
African War, taking part in the Vet River, Diamond Hill,.and other actions. Lieut.
Walmesley was in his 24th year. _ , _ _ _ , . . .
Lieut. Lumley was the eldest son of Colonel the Hon. A. F. G. Luinley, brothel and
heir of the Earl of Scarborough. Lieut. Somerset was the only son of the Hon. Ait.iur
C. E. Somerset, and a nephew of Lord Raglan. Lieut. Shields, aged* l 7, graduated
with honours from Jesus College, Cambridge, this year. He was stroke m the
Cambridge boat in the University Boatracc of 1910. _
Lieut. R. WALMESLEY,
Yorkshire Regt.
Lieut. F L. HOLMES,
South Stafford Regt.
Lieut. F. C. LEDGARD,
Yorkshire Regt.
Capt. M. J. LOCHRIN,
R.A.M.C.
Lieut. G. L. E. SHERLOCK,
3rd Hussars.
Sec.-Lieut. R. J. LUMLEY,
11th Hussars.
Photographs by Sport
Sec.-Lt. N. A. H. SOMERSET,
Grenadier Guards.
Lieut. H. J. SHIELDS,
R.A.M.C.
Lieut. M. W. BROADWOOD,
Royal West Kent Regt.
Sec.-Lieut. E. D. MURRAY,
19th Hussars.
General, Lafayette, Gale X Holden, Hughes, Hills X Saunders, Lambert Weston, Bassano,
Heath. Central Press.
The War Illustrated, 14 th Xor ember. 1914.
Page 316
HOW THE WAR WAGES
THE STORY OF THE
GREAT CONFLICT
TOLD WEEK BY WEEK
o N
The German Retreat frem Nieuport
Friday, October 30th, the Belgian army, defending
the coast road to Calais, flooded the country round the
Yser and trapped a German brigade in the inundation.
This brought to an end the furious German attempt to
advance by Nieuport. On Monday, November 2nd, the
German Military Staff admitted defeat in its wireless news,
and hastily withdrew its troops, and concentrated westward
those who were still unshaken by their dreadful experiences.
This splendid Belgian victory, however, was not a general
relief to the allied forces. Indeed, it added to the difficulties
of the Belgians’ nearest’ neighbour—the British army—that
was holding, near Yprcs and Lille, the other road to Calais.
* * *
QUR men had been moved from the Aisne valley to .tha
new, critical point on the battle-front. Once again
they were allowed the perilous honour and exhilarating
glory of forming the spearhead of the allied forces. They
were arranged in three army corps on a front of about
forty' miles. The Indian troops were spread out behind them
as reserves, together with various Territorial battalions.
The centre of the British lines was at Armcntieres, a colliery'
town within cannon shot of Lille, the Manchester of France.
* * *
The British Victories round Ypres
plVOTED on Armentiercs, our troops operated north
1 and south, fighting at the same time two of the greatest
battles in the history' of the world — battles compared with
which Blenheim and Waterloo ' _
were skirmishes. The first-
battle raged for weeks round
Ypres. On October 30th the
enemy made a violent at¬
tack with large reinforce¬
ments on our lines south of
Ypres. For, having lost the
day' against the Belgians, they
tried to redress the balance
by a victory' over the British.
Our men, outnumbered by
four to one, were compelled
to retire for some miles, but,
at the same time, their com¬
rades to the north of Ypres
advanced. What we lost from
the right hand we regained
with the left.
♦ ♦ ♦
jT was then that our Indian
1 supports came into action, jjf
They recovered some of the
lost ground, and though the
The Kaiser’s quarters at the front— A portable asbestos hut.
afterwards the village remained the hurricane centre of the
battlefield. A new Bannockburn was fought by' one Scottish
force. In front of their trenches the soldiers made pits,
twenty feet deep and twenty feet wide, and covered- them
with brapch.es and loose turf. So numerous were the
Germans that in their attack they filled the pits, and came
on over the bodies.
Never has there been such slaughter of well-armed,
disciplined troops as the Germans underwent. Many of
them were lads and old men, hastily' trained, and cruelly
flung forth in close formation in bayonet charges. It was
less war than murder to launch them against our veteran
troops. They suffered pitiably, horribly', apd at the end
of a week’s flighting we still held our line from Messines to
La Bassee. It had bent in places, only to bulge out again.
* * *
The German Repulse at Arras
AT every point along the north-west lines the German
forces were held or driven back. The tremendous
mass of them — more than ever has. been concentrated on
so short a front—produced only transient curves in the
allied line, and awful was the loss of men, by which the
Kaiser won little advances that were lost the next day
or so. Our troops, at times, tired of killing ; but the
French army, connecting with our right wing near La
Bassee, slew till they dropped themselves from fatigue.
They had before their eyes their ruined country', to nerve
them for unceasing slaughter. On November 1st the
Germans tried to break
H through the French' line and
capture Hie city of Arras.
But the attempt failed ter¬
ribly.
* * ❖
The Russian Invasion of
Germany
ALL the violent, disastrous
rushes made by German
armies against the Belgian,
British, and French trenches
in the latter part of October
and the first week in Novem¬
ber were really paroxysms of
despair. They' were the last
desperate attempts to obtain
| a decisive victory on the
western battle-front, after the
tremendous defeat of German
arms in the eastern theatre of
war. The triumphant Rus¬
sians on November 2nd had
reached almost to the line
Germans still poured in reinforcements and developed
enormous strength, our troops—both British and Indian—
pushed them back with prodigious slaughter. Night and
day the fierce, incessant tussle went on. Villages were
taken and lost and retaken by bayonet charges, cannonades,
and armoured motor-car attacks. The beetroot fields
around were stripped of their leaves by r shell and shrapnel.
Steadily the left wing of the British force advanced over
the battlefield, till it won, at the beginning of November,
a forest above the villages it had first lost. By Thursday,
November 5th, our men round Ypres formed a great spear¬
head that was driven for miles into the German front.
* * *
The N.w Bannockburn
IN the meantime the British troops in the centre and
1 on the right wing were rocking in an equally violent
struggle to the north and south of Lille. In the north we’
were sorely pressed by' a Bavarian army—the same that
the Kaiser had hoped would meet the English “ just once.”
They met the Scots of the London Scottish Territorial
Regiment, who broke them in a splendid bayonet charge
on Saturday', October 31st. Fresh German reinforcements,
however, succeeded in winning the village of Messines,
that the gallant Scots had taken, and for several days
of German defences on the River Warta, and the
headquarters of the Crown Prince had been moved over
the German frontier. The Austrian supports of the
retreating Teuton host were surrendering position after
position, and in the north the Russians had again invaded
Prussia, preparatory to the great frontier battle in the south
that would open the gateway to Berlin. East and west,
Germany was severely handled.
* * *
The Naval Battle off Chili
AT sea, the great blockade went on, and the vigour
of it was intensified by' mining all passages to the
North Sea. The incidents in the naval war of attrition
profited the enemy' nothing. On Sunday, November 1st,
a squadron composed of two German battle-cruisers, the
Schamhorst and Gneisenau—and three light cruisers—the
Dresden, Leipzig, and Nuernberg—collected near Valparaiso
on the Chilian coast, and surprised a small squadron of
British warships under Admiral Cradock. According to
the first German rumours, the light- cruiser Monmouth
was sunk and the armoured cruiser Good Hope damaged.
But this loss was offset through the sinking of the German
armoured cruiser Yorck by a mine near Wilhelmshavcn,
on Wednesday, November 4th.
The War Illustrated, 14 th LXovember, 1914.
#
When you buy
Bovril
you can be sure you are
getting the product of a
genuine all-British, and
always British Company.
BOVRIL
always has been
BRITISH
and consequently there has been no need to
make any change in the constitution or
directorate of the Company SINCE THE
OUTBREAK OF THE WAR.
The following complete list of the Directors
of Bovril, Limited, since the formation of the
Company affords the best guarantee of the
entire absence of any alien influence or control :—
The Right Hon. Lord Playfair, G.C.B.,LL.B.
John Lawson Johnston.
The Right Hon. The Earl of Bcsstorough,
C.V.O., C.B.
Admiral of the Fleet Sir Edmund Com-
merell, V.C., G.C.B.
Frederick Gordon.
The Right Hon. Dr. Robert Farquharson,
P.C.
George Lawson Johnston.
Andrew Walker.
William E. Lawson Johnston.
Douglas Walker.
The Right Hon. The Earl of Arran, K.P.
Sir James Crichton-Browne, M.D., F.R.S.
Prince Francis of Teck.
The Right Hon. The Earl of Erroll, K.T.,
C.B,
Insist on having Bovril
BRITISH TO THE BACKBONE.
Sixpennyworth cf “Heaven!”
By thz EDITOR
D TD you notice what a young British officer said in a
letter from the front, printed in the columns of
“ The Times ” on November 4th ?
The opening words of his letter were : “ Your two boxes
of cigarettes were heaven.”
Think of all that the phrase reveals !•
Away from home, tackling the toughest task Britishers
have ever been set in ail their history — to beat back an
enemy who numbers his trained soldiers by the million, w ho
lias been preparing for this deadly ordeal "for years, and has
got ready secretly a strength of artillery that tries the
stoutest courage and the highest military skill.
Yet our soldiers do not falter—they face death with
a smile. The Germans call them '' smiling devils,” and
their greeting to each other in the greatest danger
is “ Are we downhearted ? ” And you know what
the invariable answer is to that.
It is these men who want tobacco and cigarettes badly—
who tell us that what we send them week by week turns
their discomfort into " heaven.”
Readers, vou have responded nobly to my appeal for
sixpences to enable me to send tobacco and cigarettes,
and the week prior to November 4th, when I am writing
this, you have far surpassed your former generous record.
In "that one week you have cent me no less than
£427 5s., which represents just over 17,000 sixpences. That
means that you have made " heaven ” for more than
17,000 soldiers fighting your battles in the sand-dunes of
Flanders, and in .the shrapncl-swcpt trenches of Northern
France.
During the seven weeks of our " Something-to-Smoke ”
Fund you have subscribed over £1,200, and have made
about forty-eight thousand soldiers happy.
In no other way can you put sixpence to a. better use.
That modest sum gives a soldier in the firing-line one-and-
sixpence worth of tobacco and cigarettes if purchased at
shop prices, and for even' five shillings you send I add a
shilling pipe. This means that my contribution has
already come to about 5,000 pipes, and 1 shall be glad
when it is 50,000.
Every packet carries the name and address of the donor
of the sixpence, so that the soldier knows who is thinking
of him and wishing him well in this practical way.
Please send me more sixpences — as many as you like—
as manv as you can spare. Do it generously and do it
often. 'It is well worth while — you are cheering some
soldier in his brave work for every sixpence you contribute.
Please address your subscriptions to the “ Something-to-
Smoke ” Fund, The War Illustrated, The Fleetwav
House, Farringdon Street, London F.C., and if you would
like to have a collecting-book so that you can get your
friends to help as well, please ask for one at the same time.
IMPROVE YOUR FIGURE!
Both men and women can improve the appearance,
and ensure sound health by wearing the
SHOULDER BRACE
The onlv practical REMEDY for STOOPING,
ROUND SHOULDERS, NARROW CHESTS.
LUNG TROUBLE, etc.
GIVES MEN that smart Military appearance
and Chest development that makes a coot “sit”
well.
_ , . _ . GIVES WOMEN 1 graceful upright carriage.
Gents. 3/-. Post and perfect Dust. Indispensable for wealing w.th
free. In Dove. the present style of low-cut Corset, which leaves
State waist size. the shoulder-blades unprotected.
Highly recommended by the Medical Facility.
‘•Scientific Press. Ltd.,'* Editor of "Cycling.” Editress of " WeldonV
” Fashions for All," etc.
Made in light but strong Coutil, with Elastic Armholes, neatly bone-1 for shoulder support.
Best ENGLISH make and finish. Easily adjusted, umst .^uiibwtableand ""IT^Pt’ble when
dressed. Money refunded in full under guaranter AFTER Sh\ KN DAlb WEAR A not
entirely satisfactory. ALL GOODS SENT IN PLAIN M RAPPER.
THE SUPPORTING BRACE ift BELT CO., SU Eton Road, Bford. Londo n.
P. II.B.
IV
The War Illustrated.
14th, Novcmbe: 191
More Than 17,000 Soldiers Made Happy This Week
DONATIONS RECEIVED
The lists" below include all/the cotlecting-
-bobks -returned, and all the donations during
the week ending on the morning of November
.'| th, and'tlifc‘total amount is over £ 427 , which
beats all former records.
Special Collections
Miss F. Holden, £10 103. ; Mr. Lionel Bethell,
£9 ; Mr. W. Wattersbu. £8 11s. 4d. ; Per T.
Simpson Jbne£, " From Welshpool,” £7 5s. 6d. ;
Mr. C. J. Ward. £7 5s. ; Miss K. Parks, £7 Is. 6d ;
Miss E. Maraetts; £6 6s. ; Mrs. Knight, £6 3s. 6d. ;
Mrs. IT. Brummage, for Mr. Ronald Brummage,
£6 Is. ; Mrs. (.'. James, £6 ; Mr. Conrad ('. Mac-
firlane, £5 lls. ; Miss Francis Haines, £5 10s ;
Miss Allen and Major Holden; £5 IDs. ; Mrs. G.
D'Arcy £5.103.' ; John Young. £5 5s. ; Miss Hilda
Sunley, £5 5s. ; Mr. John Elder, £5 5s. ; Mrs
Paterson, £5 3s. 9d. ; Mr. Herbert W. Clement,
£5 03. 6d. ; Mr. (J. Baxter. £5 0s. 6d. ; Lieut. A. E.
Poole, £5 ; Mrs. J. Russell. £5 ; Miss Molly Amble.
£5 ; Miss C. Woodmassev. £5 ; Miss Kath. Proctor.
£5 ; Miss E. Randall. £4 7s. ; Mr. B. Grcenfleld,
£4 6s. 6d. ; Miss C. Choat. £3 14s. 6d. ; Miss E. M.
Morris, £3 lls. 8d. ; Miss E. Harrison. £3 lls. ;
Mr. Herbert W. Hall, £3 lCs. ; Francis P. Fox.
£3 9s. ; Mrs, Esden. £3 7s. 6d. ; Mr. T. A. F. Crisp,
£3 7s. ; Mr. Robert G. Tort, £3 6s. ; Miss Ethel
Wilkie, £3 5s. ; Miss N. Cory, £3 3s. ; Miss B.
Fowler and Miss I. Brook, £3 2s. 6d. : Miss Becker,
£3 2s. ; F. Kcates, £3 Is. 6d. ; Mrs. A. Tally.
£3 Is. 3d. ; Miss Ida Boyd, £3 0s. 5d. ; Mr. R.
Rich, £2 18s. 3d. ; Master C. E. Peabody, £2 14s. ;
Mr. Adam Burt, £2 13s. ; Mr. H. Ashurst, £2 12s. ;
Mr. J.'W. Henderson. £2 lls. ; Miss N. Roberts.
£2 103. : Mr. A. Parker, £2 9s. ; Mrs. I. Jenkins,
£2 8s. ; Miss A. K. Hutchins, £2 6s. ; Miss W.
Moekford, £2 5s. ; Mrs. Shepherd, £2 4s. 6d. ;
Mr. C. Brazier. £2 4s. ; Miss X. Dixon. £2 2s. ;
Miss L. Murphy, £2 Is.; Mr. J. A. Heap, £2;
Mrs. Fowling, £2: Miss K. ‘Munson, £2; Mr.
A. H. Ironside, £118s. ; Miss Dorothy.G. A. Pank-
hurst. £1 17s. 6d. ; Miss i). BoWiiass. £1 16s. 6d. ;
Mr. John Banes, £1 16s. 6d. ; Mr. A. Curtis,
£1 16s. ; Miss Preston. £1 15s. 6d. ; Aliss Lough,
€1 15s. : Mrs. s. w. Hart, £1 14s. ; Master A.
Done, £1 13s. 8d. ; Nurse Lee, £1 13s. Gd. ; Mr.
H..B. Sanford. £1 12s. 6d. ; Mr. Robert McFaddin,
£1 12s. ; Miss Eva Dutton. £1 12s. ; Mrs.-Powell.
£1 lls. 6d. ; Mrs. A. Spaiford, £1 lls. 6d. ; Mrs.
Holloway and Jones. £1 lls. ; Mr. H. Hindlcy,
£1 lls. ; Mrs. Dean, £1 lls. ; Mr. A! C. Manson.
£1 103. 6d. ; Miss J. Richards, £1 103. ; Miss' N.
Belton. £1 103 ; Miss D. H. Ellwpod, £1 10s. ;
Mr. Chas. E. Rothwcll. £1 10s. ; Miss Rose Baidea,
£1 10s. ; Mr. J. <L Rogers, £1 10s. ; Mr. Fred Bill,
£1 9s. 6d. ; Miss L. (Jrimshnw. £1 9s. 2d. ; Mr.
Adkins-, £1 9s. ; Mr. S. Bell. £1 8s. 3d. ; Mrs.
A. M. Fan Ike, £1 8s. ; Mr. R. J. Watson. £1 8s. ;
Mr. T. Hardcastle. £1 7s. 6d. ; Miss Annie Brooms-
grove. £1 7s. ; Mrs. F. Bennett. £1 6s. 6d. ; Miss
Nellie Davies. £1 5s. 9d. ; Miss Florence Bennett-.
£1 5s. ; Mr. 1. II. Holt. £1 5s. ; Miss L. Davy.
£14s.6d. ;MissG. Spickctt, £14s. ; MissK. Austen.
£1 4s. ; Miss J. Colthart, £1 3s. 6d. ; Miss A. Brown,
£1 3s. ; Miss V. Freeman, £1 3s. ; Mrs. Johnston,
£1 2s. 6d. : Mrs. W. Loveless, £1 Is. ; Miss G.
York. £1 Is. ; Miss Annie Jones. £1 Is. ; Miss
Winifred Beer, £1 Is. ; Miss Mary Latham,
£1 0s. 6d. ; Mr. W. H. Wadman, £1 ; Mr. Arthur
Wright. £1 ; Miss Maggie McIntosh, £1 ; Miss E.
Crosland; £1; Mr. J. Davies, £1; Miss' I.ena Sca-
boume. £1; Miss A. Whilley. £1 ; Mr. CL W. Norris,
19s.- ; Miss. Lillie. Roberts, 18s. : Miss G. Bey non.
17s. ; Per Mrs. Lacey, collected by Ethel and May
Lacey Caged. 10 and 8 years). 17s. ; Miss D. Chand¬
ler: (aged 11 years). 17s. ; Mrs. Burney. 17s. ;
Air. A. S. Greenaway, 16s. ; Messrs, S, Batten &
Sons. 16s. ; Miss Flora Mitchell, 16s. ; Miss Ander¬
son. 15s. 6d. ; Rev. Steer, 15s. ; Mr. G. Holloway,
15s. ; Mrs. A. Laing, 15s. ; Miss S. Gardner. 15s. ;
Miss Eileen Grimshaw, 14s. 9d. ; Miss L. Burgis
14s. 6d. ; Air. A. A. Bcvan. 14s. 6d. ; Aliss
N.„ Draper. 14s. 6d. ; Aliss Jennie P. Simpson,
14s. 3d. ; Mr. C. Wise, 14s. ; Aliss AI. Dewar, 14s. ;
Miss Kathleen Rogers, 13s. 8d. ; Master Ivor
Dawes. 13s. ; Miss- L. AI. Jones', 13s. ; Aliss' J .'Al.
ftirt whistle, 13s. ; Airs. Wilson, 12s. 7d. ; E. *A.
Nixon, 12s. 6d. ; G. E. Cox. 12s. 6d. ; Aliss Jessie
Cant, 12s. 6d. ; Air. Henry Nash, 12s. 6d. ; Air.
J. C. Lyell, .12s. 6d. ; Air. J. Porter, 12s. ; Airs.
L. Donaldson. 12s. ; L. Broughton. 12s. ; Miss
V. E. Holmes, lls. 8d. : Aliss AI. Smith, lls. 6d. ;
Miss Kitty Clancey, lls. 6d. ; Air. A. Hay. lls. 6d. ;
Miss Liioy Devine; lls. 6d. ; Miss Edith Ware,
lls. 3d. ; Mr. Win. A. Wilson, lls. ; Airs. Stanley
Cox. lls. ; 'Mrs. Alary E. Shade, lls. ; Aliss AL
Wilkins,. 10s.‘ 6d.‘; Air. C. Hayward. 10s. ; Air.
A. B. Holmes, 10s. ; Air. A. B. Gray, 10s. ; Alaster
Billy Hougli (aged 8), 10s. ; Miss Lena Carter,
10s. ; Miss J. Ashby,. 103. ; Aliss. H. Howland,
9s. ; Air. H. Thornton, 8s. 6d. ; Aliss Taylor, 8s. ;
Air. F. Philp, 8s. ; Air. William Davies, 7s. 8d. ;
Air. c B. Lodge. 7s. 8d. AlissNL if. Kirkham.
7s. 6d. ; Mr. .1, \V . Hunt. 7s. 6d. ; Miss Marion
Currick. 7s. 3d. ; Miss J. Jack, 7s. ; Aliss AT
Fgarnley, 6s. 6d. ; Aliss V. Redgrave, 6s. ; Aliss
J. Baxter. 5s. 9d. ; G..W. Williams, 5s. 8d. ; Mr.
A. A. Ladder 5s. 4d. ; - Air. E. WormII ~
DURING THE SEVENTH
Alaster W. Alurray. 5s. ; Air. W. A. Baguley, 5s. ;
Mrs. B. Rutter, 4s. 6d. ; Mr. Philip ('ole, jun.,
4s. 6d.; S>a-Scout C. Collins, 3s. 6d.; Air.Walter
Newport, 3 j. 6d. ; Aliss L. Miller, 3s.
Donations
1 Donation of £2 2s. S4 presents for
soldiers.
Joseph I. Hewitt/
1 Donation of £1 16s. 72 presents for
soldiers. '
Collected by A. Blirker at Carlton, Aliddlcham,
near Yorks.
1 Donation of £1 15s.— 70 presents for
WEEK OF THE FUND
2 Donations of
22 presents for
5s. 6d. =
soldiers.
Per Mrs. 'Alary Wigram ; Miss Winifred'Evelyn
Jones.
55 Donations of 5s. =550 presents for soldiers
Miss Sibyl Creed: • E. Cross; Mrs. George
La bey ; “-j). F. AL” ; Miss E. AJ. Pim ; Geo.
Shepherd’; Aliss M. Strachan; Mrs. Wallace '
(AL Wilson and family) ; Nurse Abbey Seal
per L. Bellamy ; Miss Catherine Broun : Miss
G. J. Carerun ; Mrs. W*. C. 'Girling ; par Aliss E
Minns: W. G. White; No Name, of London (4s.
lid.) ;*No Name, of Blandfdjd ; Mrs. Adcock ; F.
A. Armitage-; Aliss Gladys It. Clarke; (Me
Anderson, Aliss' Blundell, Aliss Pickett, Aliss
Grumpier/ and Air. J. Anderson); Aliss Annie I
Cornell ; J. R. Chestney ; AL and A. Fortune ; A
Footballer in the Heart of Midlothian F.C. ; Aliss
L. Ford; Stephen Gander: J. A. Horn; I. F.
Aliller (aged 9) ; Mr. Grosvener Alason ; Elizabeth
K. Ross ; AI. E. Smith ; Airs. A. Whalen :
"A Well-wisher,” Airs. Cruickshank ; Mattie
Crompton ; Elsie R. Dickson ; E. G. Robey :
Jim A. Ross; per Annie Scotson (aged 11 years
proceeds of a sale of ribbon badges) ; (Airs. Tierney,
the'AIisses Tierney, and E. Balaam); G. Whit
bread ; " Two Old Friends ” ; per Winifred Bing¬
ham (from the Infant Department of the Hawley
C. E. School. Bluckwater) : (2nd collection by
Miss Burslem) ; Airs. G. R. Cooper; Aliss AL J.
Dobie ; Aliss Horner ; F. T. Horne ; iMrs. I’ryce
Jones; A. Penfold ; Aliss A. Randal ; Air. G.
Roberts ; Aliss J. C. Young.
7 Donations of 4s. = 56 presents for soldiers.
Vira Bates (aged 12 years); Mrs. Beaton ; Airs.
Dumbelton ; F. F. Lucas; A. Wood ; Mrs. J. Al.
Poole ; (Afrs. Long and Airs. Stratford).
3 Donations of 3s. 6d. 21 presents foi
soldiers.
. Willie Radmore (aged 8 years); p.cr Air. Ayres
W. Blyth.
12 Donations of 3s. = 72 presents for soldiers.
Airs. Arthur Wells : No Name, of Southend-on-
Sea ; 1,. Campbell : “An Anglesey Well-wisher ” ;
No Name,'of South Kensington ;* Mrs. E. Arnold
Airs. A. Barter: ; (Mr. F. Fairfield and Air. S.
Burstin): W. H. Stephenson; Ethel Williams
Aliss B. M. Stowek ; Jessie Lea.
38 Donations of 2s; 6d.=190 presents for
soldiers.
(Collected by Edwafd Vincent Butt, aged 9
years); (L. Capewell and R. Cross); Airs. E.
Thomas; AL E. C. ; (‘. Gray.; (Sid Hughes and
Little Reggie); (E. C., S., iind E/N.) ; Aliss
Gladys Smith ; A Soldier’s Friend : Mrs. Broad-
bent; W.-Banks; John Foster; Aliss K., Ghey ;
Aliss R. Gniton ; E. Kingshott: Arthur Lawton ;
Aliss E. Lawler : Air. L. A. Ridley ; Aliss Madge
Taylor; Airs. C. Wright; J. S. Watt Winder :
No Name ; S. C. Ravenshoe : Aliss' Daisy House :
Mrs. D. E. Stephens; Aliss AI. L. Tanner; Jos.
Truan; Mrs. Annie K. Thompson ; Blodwen
Williams; James Ashworth; . per Mrs. George
Brockleshv ; Elizabeth A.-Clegg ; - N. Dadswe"
Air. W. T. Davies
W. V. Spink :" pe
few sliopmates.
66 Donations of 2s. 264 presents for
soldiers.
E. Atkins: Aliss Boniface: Aliss A. Bowers;
(Airs. Goodwin and Aliss Kate Goodwin); The
Junior Class. Old Shoreham C. E. School. Shoreham
by-Sea; Miss.Winifred.Leggo ; J. Dampney : *.F.
Hunt: (Alaggie AlcCartliy and Jeanie Carle):
Aliss Dorothy Read : Airs. Sari ; Aliss Sputtett ;
Airs’ J. Bennett; J. Brown: At.. E. Cooke:
Hubert E. Chant : Gladys Chrimes ; F. W. Doe ;
Aliss E. Flint; Alts. H. Fraser; Aliss Ford ; (Air..
Airs., and two Alisses Jole); -per E. J. Smith:
r ... (Aliss E. Aforley’and Aliss N/Piper)'; W. Miles:
22 presents for soldiers; pcr Mrs . h. Sailor: Mrs. K. P. Vaughan : (Mr.
and Airs. Walker) : Aliss Pinnock : (R. Humphrey
and A. Poston) : K. Plyiiipton; Jane Prusli :
S, F. Snewin Airs. A. Stiiiton ; (Airs. Samson and
Aliss Julia Samson) : per F. Sarbiitts : (Sidijey
Norman Allen); Joe Sambroek; • Aliss Ada
Prisant; Aliss C. L. Winter ; L. Wilson ; Aliss
Whiter : Aliss Ada Woodhurn ; (Air. and Airs.
Whale): No Nmne ; Mrs. E. Burstow : Florence
Butcher ; Aliss A. Brown : Aliss Gorringe ; (John
Johnson and Joseph Johnson) : per Airs. Josephs ;
(It. H. Mann, J. 1. Smith, F. W. Jones, and G/R
£1 15s.
soldiers
Per John Brown (collected at a concert in village
of Newstead).
1 Donation of £1 7s. = 54 presents for
soldiers.
Collected by Airs. Curry.
2 Donations of £1 5s. =100 presents for
soldiers.
Per Adaline Bensley ; J. T. Smith.
3 Donations of £1 =120 presents for soldiers.
C. C. Collingwood ; H. A. Filmorc ; Robert
Steel.
2 Donations of 15s. 60 presents for
soldiers.
Per H. Griffin (collected by Aliss AI. J. Fell,
aged' 1 1 years, by selling dowers).
How many soldiers will you
make happy ?
A sixpence delivers into the hands of a
soldier two cakes of tobacco and ten
cigarettes—the parcel being worth about
is. 6 d. in this country. Sixpence can do
so much because, no duty is paid on the
goods, so that .'every-' sixpence goes in
tobacco, and cigarettes, noiYe in trfxes. -*•
This picture shows what each soldier gets.
How many sixpences can you send ?
How many can you collect ?‘
How iiiaiiv soldiers will you make happy ?
Please send your postal-orders addressed to
The War Illustrated •
“ Somcthing-to-Smoke ” Fund,
The F leet way House,
Farringdon Street, •-
London,* E.C. .
And don’t forget to put your name ar.d
address.
If you would like a collect ing-sheet, so that
-you can-get ..your friends to help with sub¬
scriptions, please ask for one at the same time.’
; J. AL Dunning : H. Kettlewell :
er Jos: W. Whitehouse’y from' a
24 presents for soldiers.
1 Donation of 12s.
Per Mrs. Stephen.
1 Donation of 11s..
Per Aliss AI. A. Gow (teachers and scholars’ of
Great Clifton Infants’ School. Workington).
2 Donations of 10s. 6d. 42 presents for
soldiers.
11. C. Woodcock : (Airs, and Aliss U. Fawkes).
5 Donations of 10s. 100 presents for
} soldiers.
Mrs. L. AIcDonald ; AL P.ve ; (Collected by R.
J. ALoules from the employers at W. B Moor &
Sons. Letchworth Branch) ; No'Name, of London,
9s..ll)d.); per E. W. Sheppard.
2 Donations of 8s. 6d. 34 presents for
soldiers.
Collected by G. Briggs ; per C. Beattie.
1 Donation of 8s. 16 presents for soldiers.
J. Alnddeck.
1 Donation o? 7s. 6d. 15 presents for
Aliller); per Airs. Clara Johnston; per Mrs.
Parsons; (Airs. S. H. Pinfold and Mrs. S. (J.
Smith); (Aliss Nellie Burnett and Aliss Annie
Alorrison) : R. .T. Bateman; (Air. Cudmore, Airs.
Cudmore, Aliss Cuclmore. and Alaster Cudmore):
Aliss (’. Dell ; Aliss Goodwin': H. Grainger.;
per AI. Hodge ; (Aliss Bessie Sanders, Airs. L\)cy
Sanders, and Mrs. J. Tursc Sanders) ; Ann Tay-
nd Gertrude E. -Walker) :
soldier
Per Aliss-K. Brooker. _ ^ spill;- (Alary E? Avery
4 Donations of 7s. =56 presents for soldiers. Flossie AI. \S IlsonC
'Per’C:' Stoddart (Miss Lucie'StnddiArt, aged 7. 25 Donat.'or.s of Is. 6d.‘\
, n-7 1c- ’
years);- (E. W. Kesterton, E. L. Kesterton,
SteUa Kesterton. and IT. Hartley).; . per- Air.
Barclay and-son (proceeds of a concert); per F.
Elrick (7s. 2d).- « i |
1 Donation of 6s. =12 presents for soldiers.
5s. 3d^ ; John..Ellw4>od.
, 326 presents for
J soldiers.
-r-
97 „ „ Is,
57 „ 6d
for which we -thank , the donors, .but which w
are unabb to acknow’ccge indivicually ior lack
of space.
t
Printed and published by , the Amalgamated PrTss'L iMtTKiL'TlHfTTeetAViiy Hdirse," Farringdon street, London;- E.C. -
Published by Gordon Gotch in Australia and New Zealand ; by The Central 'News Agency/Lf • • .
and Alontreal in Canada.
’ 48.
td.T m'Sdfith Africa ; trim TheTniperial News C’o., Toionto
Advertisement applications should he made to the Advertisement Manager. The Fleetway House , Farringdon iStrcet. London. F.C.
Registered as a newspaper, and registered for the Canadian Aingazine Post. N
The Iftw* Illustrated , 21 st November, 1911.
Registered at the G.P.O. as a jseu'spujjoi.
THE UNRIVALLED PICTURE-RECORD OF THE WORLD-WAR
Regrf. for Canadian
Mag ax i ne Post.
Tsing-tau: Allies of the East and West crush the “Mailed Fist
The TT./r Illustrated, 21 st Xorcmlcr, 1914.
How Many Soldiers’ Pipes Are You Filling ?
Are You Doing
BADERS'—You have Cllci 10,735 pipes in the
trenches this week !
Those who have subscribed to the " Sometliing-
to-Smokc ” Fund will find acknowledgments of their con¬
tributions and collections on thoback page of the cover.
Again let me thank all who have helped—and again let
me ask those who have not helped to come forward with
their assistance.
There is plenty of evidence that the gifts' mean far more
to the men who are “.up against it ” than we in comfort
in our Navy-protected islands can quite realise. A friend
who has just come from France tells me that lie visited
a hospital in Calais where a great many British and Belgian
wounded arc being cared for. He assures me that their
groat want is “something to smoke.” He gave them all
the cigarettes he had, and they received them with a
gratitude that words could not express. One poor fellow
died with the cigarette he gave him between his lips before
he had lime to smoke it to a finish. But lie died a little
happier for that cigarette.
The story made me arrange for a shipment of cigarettes
and tobacco to the Calais hospital he visited, and a good
consignment will go in a day or two. The fact that there
are Belgian soldiers in the hospital as well, 1 do not regard
as being contrary to the spirit of ray appeal for “ something-
to-smoke ” for our fighting men and your generous response
to that appeal.
I.ct me remind you of what a sixpence does. It gives
a man in the trenches as much tobacco and cigarettes as
he could buy for cightcenpeucc in a tobacco shop in this
country. He gets good stuff—it goes from Martins, of
Ficcadilly, and that is sufficient certificate of quality. It
is sent from an in-bond warehouse, so that nothing is paid
i:i dutv—it all goes in tobacco.
Your Share?
Further, The War Illustrated adds its contribution—
a good shilling pipe for every five shillings subscribed.
Then, lire name of the reader who sends the sixpence
goes on the package, so that the soldier who gets it knows
who sends him good luck and the smoking material that
cheers him in his dangerous work.
Already we have collected over £1,500 for the fund,
making more than sixty thousand soldiers happier, and
already The War Illustrated has given over six thousand
shilling pipes as its share.
Think, again, what a sixpence docs ! And think what
a five-pound note does 1 The latter provides two hundred
soldiers each with two cakes of tobacco and ten cigarettes.
Let 11s give the men a regular supply. Let us fill their
pijres and keep them filled.
Almost any leader can afford a sixpence a week — that will
give one soldier a packet per week.
Some can afford five pounds a week—that will give a
packet a week to two hundred soldiers.
And most of my readers can afford every week something
between the two sums mentioned.
But the question for you who read these words of mino
is—how much can YOU afford ? Answer flic question to
yourself, and then send your first week’s contribution
along to the Treasurer, The War Illustrated “ Somcthing-
to-Smoke ” Fund, The Fleet way House, Farringdon Street,
I.ondon, F.C.
At the. same time ask for a collecting-book, so that you
may invite your friends to help you to keep the pipes
tilled. They will require no pressing. You will be sur¬
prised how readily they respond. The object has the
hearty commendation of everyone.
OUR DIARY OF THE WAR
(For our Diary of Events in the Great War prior to November 3rd, s?e previous issues of “The War Illustrated.”)
Nov. 3 .—British cruiser Minerva shells fortress and barracks at Akabah,
in the Red Sea ; and a combined British and French force
bombards the Dardanelles forts.
Enemy squadron fires on coastguard patrol Halcyon, off
Yarmouth (one man wounded) ; submarine 1>5 sunk i>y mine
during pursuit of the German vessels; 2 officers and 2 men on
: he bridge saved.
Imperial Viceroy of Caucasus announces lie lias been ordered
by the Tsar to cross the frontier and attack the Turks.
Admiral Sir Percy Scott appointed to the President, additional,
for special service.
Nov. 4 .—King and Queen visit Canadian troops on Salisbury Plain.
German cruiser Yorck sunk (by mine, or submarine) at entrance
to Jahde Bay.
Rebel General Muller defeated by Colonel-Commandant Mentz
in South Africa. Four rebels killed, OS captured.
Nov. 5 .—Official statements issued of Sir John French’s warm
congratulations to the Indian troop? and the London Scottish.
Russian General Staff announces a general forward movement
by the armies of the Tsar.
Allies reported to have retaken Lcrafcartzyde, near Nieuport.
“ London Gazette ” announces that, owing to hostile acts
c amnitted by Turkish forces under German officers, a state of
war exists from to-day l>otween Great Britain and Turkey, and
that Cyprus has been anuexed. Turkish Ambassador and his
Staff leave I.ondon.
German officer in Alexandria Police Force sentenced to penal
servitude for fomenting rebellion in Jigypt.
Baron Sidney Sonnino becomes Foreign Minister in the new
Italian Cabinet.
“ Eye-Witness*’ describes attacks on British lines near Ypres
between October 26 and 30 as “ the most bitterly-contested battle
which has been fought in the western theatre of war.”
From this date the whole of the North Sea declared ” a military
abe&f*
Earl Annesley lost in seaplane.
Nov. 6 .—British male subjects between the ages of 17 and 55 arrested
in Germany and sent to concentration camps.
Belgium declares war on Turkey.
Russian troops capture Turkish position at Kocprikoei.
Grand Duke Nicholas telegraphs General Jofire announcing
greatest Russian victory since beginning of hostilities.
German spy Karl LodV shot at the Tower of Loudon.
Nov. 7 .—Four Turkish transports sunk by Russian fleet
Surrender of Tsingtau ; 2,300 prisoners taken.
Formation of Army Cyclist Corps authorised.
Nov. S.— Swedish steamer Atle mined in the North Sea ; six lives lost.
Lord Kitchener congratulates Grand Duke Nicholas* Sir
John French congratulates Russian Army.
Russian army crosses German frontier at two points.
German gunboat Grier interned at Honolulu by I'.S.A.
Mushing burgomaster proclaims that all vessels, except mail-boats*
entering the Scheldt at night will run risk of being fired upon.
German aeroplane drops two bombs on Dunkirk.
Dc Wet’s son Daniel killed in engagement with Cronje.
Nov. 9 . — German cruiser Kmden driven ashore at Keeling (Cocos) Island
and burnt by H.M.A.S. Sydney.
Reciprocal arrangement for exchange of non-military subjects
between Austria and Great Britain announced.
British bombardment and occupation of F'ao, in the Persian
Gulf, announced.
< icrman defeat south of Ypres.
Pension Scale increased.
1 Listoric speeches at Lord Mayor’s banquet, Guildhall.
Mr. Walter Cunliffe, Governor of the Bank of England, created
a peer.
Nigerian Emirs place £ 38,000 at disposal of Governor-General.
Nov. 10 .—Distinguished Service Order awarded to sixteen British
officers.
Mr. Lloyd George makes recruiting speech at City Temple.
Fate of German raiders Fhndcn and Koenigsbcrg announced.
Russiaus within 25 miles of Cracow.
Germans storm and capture Dixmude.
Nov. 11 .—Parliamentary Recruiting Committee scheme announced.
King’s message to Sir John French announced.
Capture of General von Liebert by Russians announced.
Capture of German territory in the Congo by French and
Belgians announced.
Eight hundred harses killed in British transport at Baltimore,
U.S.A.
Il.M.S. Niger torpedoed by a submarine off Deal.
Parliament opened by the King.
Nov. 12. —Registration of recruits announced.
Defeat of Dc Wet by Botha announced.
Nov. 13 .—Prime Minister states British casualties up to October 31 st
to be 57 , 000 , all ranks.
Supplementary Estimate for additional 1 . 000,000 men for British
Army.
No. 14.
Vol. |.
A WEEKLY PICTURE-RECORD OF EVENTS BY LAND, SEA AND AIR
For We 2 k enjin<?
21 November. 1914
We have heard a great deal about Germany’s giant siege
guns, which — an unknown factor before the War — have
shattered many French and Belgian forts that were sup¬
posed to be impregnable. But this is the first photograph
received in England that shows the Kaiser’s soldiers in the
very act of moving one of these mammoth engines of des¬
truction on to its concrete bed. Taken at Antwerp, it has only
reached us after weeks of delay, by way of neutral Holland.
On page 334 we illustrate the destructive effects of these
extraordinary weapons.
The TFar Illustrated , 21sZ November* 1914.
Page 318
THE GREAT EPISODES OF THE WAR
XI.—The Tremendous Battles of the Vistula
A FEW years ago the famous German cavalry leader.
General von Bernhardi, proved to the satisfaction
of the German War Staff that Russia was a second-
rate military power, which could never put into the field
more than three million men. On this estimate was
arranged the Gennan-Austrian invasion of Russia in
October, 1914.
Knowing that Russia had detached large forces to guard
the Caucasus from the Turks, arid to hold other positions
on the frontier where trouble might occur, the Crown
riince and his adviser, General Hindenberg, reckoned
lhat by deploying two million men from the Niemen River
in the north to the great bend of the Vistula in the centre,
and to the San River in the south, they would have a marked
advantage in numbers.
The Teutonic host was divided into five main armies.
The first army operated round the East Prussian frontier
and menaced Warsaw from the north. The second army
marched across Poland to within seven and a half miles of
Warsaw. The third army also marched across Poland to
the fortress town of Ivangorod, farther up the Vistula. Then
a fourth army worked up from Cracow, intending to cross
Kravchenko, Russia’s famous war artist, making a sketch of
Cossack patrol.
the river and attack Lublin, while the fifth army, coming
over the passes of the Carpathians, swept towards Lemberg.
The problem for the Russian commander-in-chief, the
Grand Duke Nicholas, was to divine which of these five
armies was the grand attacking force. His spies and
scouts informed him of the composition of the invading
armies, but this was not sufficient to go on. The two
chief German armies—that attacking Warsaw and that
attacking Ivangorod—were so linked together that a very
large number of troops could be transferred from one to
the other. -Which army would strike to create a diversion ?
Which army would suddenly increase its force for . tire
blow meant to shatter Russia ?
The Russian commander decided rightly that the attack
on Warsaw from north and west was a feint, and that
Ivangorod was the real objective of the enemy. By
forcing the passage of the Vistula at or near Ivangorod,
the Germans would divide the Russian forces, and get
in a position to encircle a million Russians in the country
to the south, with the help of the Austrians and Hun¬
garians.
In the meantime, however, our allies had got themselves
in a position of some difficulty. As originally concentrated,
before the plan of the enemy was divined, they were weaker
at Ivangorod—the critical point—than they were at
Warsaw. Some of the Warsaw troops at once set out
on a long, rapid, arduous march to strengthen the Russian
centre at Ivangorod, and while this preparatory movement
was going forward, the Grand Duke Nicholas had a happy,
daring, brilliant idea.
He desired to attract the Germans in great force to
Warsaw, where his own army was strongest. Giving
orders that all German spies should be allowed every
facility to ply their craft, he withdrew most of his troops,
and telegraphed for the main Warsaw army behind the
town to retire some ten miles away into the forests. A
panic arose in Warsaw ; the officials left and people began
to flee in great multitudes. Informed of all this, the
German commander, Hindenberg, communicated with the
Kaiser. Naturally, the prospect of the easy capture of
Warsaw, the capital of Boland, was calculated to please
the theatrical mind of Wilhelm
II. His neurotic temperament
was so strangely excited by the
bait dangled before him that—-
so he proclaimed to the Poles—
ho had a vision in which the
mother of Christ appeared to
him and acclaimed him the
saviour of Poland.
On a small scale the Russian
ruse at Warsaw would not
have been remarkable. An
ambush of a few thousand
men is easy to arrange. But
to hide six hundred thousand
men in a flat, populous, agri¬
cultural country, infested with
spies, was an extraordinary
piece of work. For the spies
had to be encouraged instead
of being suppressed, and
cradled in their tragic delusions.
So it will be understood that
the Secret Service police of
Russia played an important
role in the organisation of the
great victory of the Slav over
the Teuton. They also kept
from the enemy - the know¬
ledge of the enormous forces
of Russian troops collected on
the eastern bank of the Vistula.
Vast as the Teutonic hosts
were, they were outnumbered,
Misled, outmanoeuvred, and
clean outplayed, they confidendy went forward to suffer a
most tremendous defeat.
The battle opened, as the Russian commander had
arranged, round Warsaw on Thursday, October 15th.
The German cavalry was then almost within sight of the
Polish capital, and the advancing infantry pushed the
Russian advanced posts back with alluring ease. But
the next day the terrible Russian counter-stroke fell.
Through the half-empty streets of Warsaw there poured
Russian troops of all arms, and wild, warlike tribesmen
from the Caucasian Highlands, who had insisted on serving
the Great White Tsar. The Caucasians were Mohammedan
warriors, resembling the Afridis of our Khybcr country.
The Russian gunners blew a path for them, and
formed a shrapnel cover in front of their advance, as
they Swept down on the right wing of the German
army. They drove this wing back twenty-five miles
(Continued on pane 320).
German spy captured by a
*
but they did not know it.
Pago 419
The War Illustrated, 21 st Xovember, 1014.
Hunting the Lurking Foe in a French Village
The capture of a village evacuated by the enemy demands a
careful house-to-house hunt for German soldiers who may be
hidaen, ready to shoot unexpectedly. This photograph shows the
proceeding. The soldier is entering a house by a side door, and
two officers with revolvers are ready to shoot if necessary. The
work is fraught with much danger, but it must be done, other¬
wise individual enemies left behind, may by a pre-arranged
system of signalling, give information that will enable the enemy
to deliver a counter-stroke upon our weakest point and that will
give the hostile artillarv the range for attack.
The War Illustrated, 21$J November, 1914
GREAT EPISODES OF THE WAR
Then, in the night, like our Gurkhas, they crawled
into the German camp and knifed, the sentries, and thus
prepared the way for a general surprise attack in the dark¬
ness. In the meantime the Russian regular troops, brought
up on the doctrine that " the bullet is a fool and the bayonet
is a hero,” delivered a frontal attack on the centre of the
German army before Warsaw. The thing was done in
spurts, after an artillery duel, in which the Russian guns
won the mastery. All arms were pushed forward to
support the grey masses of foot soldiers, who advanced in
extended order, creeping from cover to cover. Then
suddenly they closed, gave a rapid fire, and charged with
the bayonet, while their gunners “ watered ” the ground
in front of them with concentrated shrapnel gusts.
Breaking the
German Lines
The entrenched Germans stood their ground for a while,
but shot,wildly, and when the Russians were fifty yards
away they broke and flew. The victorious infantrymen
got among them, while the Cossack horsemen rode ahead
at the German guns. For more than a week the pursuit
continued. At one place—Gombin—about half way to
the German frontier, the Cossacks rode along the north
bank of the Vistula, and, getting ahead of the Germans
on tire south bank, swam the stream and got full on their
rear. One Cossack squadron then rode to the frontier,
destroying the stores, the railway and the bridges in front
of the retreating Geimans. By this daring feat by a
handful of horsemen the strong line of entrenchments
prepared by the Germans on the River Warta was turned,
and the path to Berlin opened, between Thorn and Posen.
Swift and overwhelming as was the defeat of the German
left-centre before Warsaw, it did not bring about the
retirement of the whole German front. The stronger
army massed against Ivangorod still hoped to retrieve
the situation by forcing the passage of the Vistula and
wedging itself between the Russian lines.
General Russky, the victor of Lemberg, commanded the
Russian troops in this part of the field. His army held
more than one hundred and fifty miles of the winding
course of the Vistula, from the point where the Pilica falls
into it, half way to Warsaw, to the point where the Kimienna
flows into the great river. These geographical details are
of vital importance. For the distance from Rnssky’s
Page 320
right to the battlefield of Warsaw was equal to a week’s
hard marching. That is to say, the German General
Hindenberg had a week’s grace in which to force the!
Vistula, with no fear of any attack on his rear from the:
conquering Russians at Warsaw. .
If Hindenberg won, the withdrawal of his left-centre
would be an affair of no importance. He would be the
master of the whole of Russian Poland, Warsaw being hisl
to take when he liked to concentrate on it. And the'
Russians between the Vistula and San rivers would be at
his mercy.
With no opposition, beyond that of the usual cavalry
screen of Cossacks, the Germans advanced in large force
to the boggy banks of the Vistula. With the exception
of a small Russian force entrenched a few miles in front of
Ivangorod, the Russians were on the other side of the
river. The Prussian Guards tried to take the small ad¬
vanced force, but failed. For the Russians were holding
a site chosen by General Russky for throwing her army
across the river. They had sworn to die to the last man
rather than yield.
Germans in an
Arfllery Trap
In larger and larger numbers the Germans attacked,
and, as their columns deployed, the guns of Ivangorod,
the artillery hidden on the 'islands and opposite shores
of the river, caught them in both flanks. For seven hours
this slaughter went on, the German guns being placed at a
disadvantage, as the ground by the river was too marshy
for them to be brought near enough to the Russian lines.
Keen was Russky’s eye for a good defensive position to
fight on, and keener his vision for the possibilities of
attacking his foes.
Under cover of the Russian guns, pontoon bridges were
flung across the Vistula at the point held by the heroic
little advanced guard, and also farther up the stream.
Including Ivangorod bridge, Russky then had three crossing
points, and towards evening his infantry attacked in front
and on both flanks, driving the Germans from the trenches
at the bayonet point. Meanwhile, a strong reinforcing
column, sent from Warsaw towards Ivangorod some days
before, got into touch with Russky’s Staff. So close had
the Germans advanced, that the Russian column was.
marching in their rear. Naturally, it was at once deployed
and flung against the staggering enemy. It toppled him
over, and on Thursday, October 22nd, the Battle of
Ivangorod was practically won.
The ruined main 6treet ol the town ot Dixmude, taken and
retaken many times during the Battle of the Dunes and Dykes.
There is great strategic value in the possession of this town,
hence the violence of the attack upon it, and the willingness
to sacrifice life in no ordinary measure to secure and hold it.
It Is a good point of vantagq. f^r -.an. attack upon Ypres by the
Germans, and its possession naturally makes the important
position of Ypres more secure for the Allies.
Page 6k! 1
The War Illustrated, 21 st Sovember, 1914.
From the pictorial point of view, modern warfare lacks much
which the battlefields of the past provided. Soldiers to-day
are fighting enemies on the Continent whom they never s^e,
and in London not a few of the wounded brought home to
recuperate lament that they have received their injuries without
ever getting a glimpse of those who inflicted them.
For this reason the great mass of photographs which reach
us from the front do not show actual hostilities in progress, but
the above is vividly interesting, having been taken by a British
officer at the moment when a shell was passing over a high
road during the Battle of the Aisne. The alarm of the men
and horses is very clearly depicted in their attitudes, and the
whole scene conveys to us a remarkable impression of the
reality of modern warfare.
It was then a race for life to the fortified line of the
Warta, fifty miles from the Vistula. South of Ivangorod,
however, was a great stretch of rough, wooded country,
and here the Germans and Austrians made a rearguard
stand, while the Crown Prince fled by train to his own
land. The forest fighting was slow and terrible. It was
mainly sniping and bayonet rushes, with machine-guns
as support. One wood, however, the Russians fired,
finding it full of entrenched Austrians.
A Harassed
German Retreat
The curious thing about the whole affair was that the
Austrians were always found fighting the rearguard actions.
The German Military Staff would not sacrifice any of its
own men. The Austrians and Hungarians were left
behind, and the German troops were marched away to
the incessant order of “ Quicker ! Quicker ! ’’ Town after
town was taken by the Russians at the point of the bayonet,
while the Cossacks swerved from these strongly-held
places and kept harassing the marching Germans. By the
beginning of November it looked as though the Germans
were not moving quick enough to save their frontier from
attack. Part of their lino of defences on the Warta,
in Russian territory, was turned at Kolo, and Russian
scouts entered Germany. Cavalry had hurriedly to be
railwayed from Belgium to Posen‘to fill the gap between
that city and Thorn. As full half of this cavalry had been
put out of action by British, Indian, and French horsemen,
there was not much of it left to trouble the daring, skilful
Cossack. So the great frontier battle opened under happy
prospects for the Russians.
Meanwhile, the extreme left wing of the Teuton host in
Prussia and its extreme left wing of Austrian troops in
Galicia were suffering from the defeat of the centre. In
Prussia, General Rennenkampf, with extraordinary cool¬
ness, repeated his old trick-attack acrainst his old enemy’.
With one force he held the Prussians on their own eastern
frontier, while with another force he struck first westward
and then northward, and got behind the Masurian Lake
defences in the rear of the Prussians. How it was that the
German Military Staff allowed him to repeat this simple and
terribly effective method of outflanking is a mystery. It
seemed as though so many' Germans were wanted in the
west to continue the attempt to force a path to Calais that
none could be spared to defend Prussia itself.
Certainly no German troops could be sent to the help
of the Austrian left wing. Cut off from the support of
their broken centre, the Austrians fought with the despera¬
tion of brave troops that have already been beaten by
their attackers. For a short period they flamed out in
the madness of despair, and the Russians were hard put
to it to maintain themselves on the Upper Vistula and the
San. In both bayonet work and steady firing the Austrian
showed himself—according to the experience of the Russian
soldier—a better man than the German. But when
refugees began to arrive from the broken, scattered centre,
the Austrian’s fierce, desperate courage gave way to fatalistic
apathy, and at Kielce on Tuesday, November 3rd, the
great battle, beginning over a front of four hundred miles,
ended in a general, complete Russian victory at every
point.
Far-Reaching
Effect of the Victory
It was the most important event in the great conflict
of nations. It at once relieved the pressure against the
British, French, and Belgian troops on the western front of
war, and at the same time it made the Germans desperate,
and led them again to fling themselves vainly in hundreds
of thousands against our trenches round Ypres. Thus it
increased the process of rapid attrition on both fronts,
and inspired such fear in the Kaiser himself that he opened
negotiations for peace with Russia, but was refused a hearing.
Taso 322
The tTcii' Illustrated, 21sZ November, 1914.
The Commerce Raiders of the Indian Ocean
D URING the three months of her hostile activity the German.
cruiser Emden captured twenty-one British trading ships, and
sunk seventeen of them, releasing the others so as to save the hves
of the crews, whom she could not afford to take captive 'I he value
of the ships and cargoes lost is estimated at about £ 2 ;ooo»ooo, and it
may be mentioned as a matter of personal interest that the publishers
of The War Illustrated had on board one of the lost ships a £90
consignment of books on the way to Calcutta.
The captain of the Emden was a foeman whose daring excited the
admiration of the entire world, and his reputation is untarnished
by any act of barbarity such as his countrymen have perpetrated,
in their battles on land. He acted the part of a sportsman and a
gentleman in his conduct of war, and the British attitude towards
him shows that, while we object to barbarism in warfare, we pay
tribute to gallantry.
“ The Times ” voiced tlie opinion of the people when it said: " W e
rejoice that the cruiser Emden has been destroyed at last, but we
salute Captain von Muller as a brave and chivalrous foe. He has
never taken a single life unnecessarily, except by accident, has com¬
mitted no outrage, and, so far as vve know, has strictly observed the
dictates of International law."
The British Admiralty gave instructions that all the honours of
war should be accorded to the survivors, and that the captain and
officers should not be deprived of their swords.
One of the officers of the Emden made prisoner was Lieutenant
Prince Joseph of Hohenzollera, who is related to half the ruling houses
of Europe.
rojs com
in Britain, the
shows his field of operations
rnander of the Emden, admired by his enemies as much as by his own countrymen,
e unanimous hope was expressed, “ I trust the captain has been saved.’* The map
The British Admiralty allowed him to retain his sword.
The burning oil-tanks at Madras, set on .fire. by. the Emden’s
guns on September 22nd, entailing a loss of £50,000.
A drawing reproduced Irom aGerrpan magazine illustrating the
Emden sinking a British merchant-ship in the Bay of Bengal.
PACIFIC
:ean
The 3,600—ton German cruiser Emden, the famous raider of
British commerce in Eastern Seas, destroyed on November 9th.
tOSAj
1
Page 323 The Wjr Illustrated, 21 at November, 1914.
Rounding up the Emden and the Koenigsberg
Captain John C. T. Glossop, of the The Sydney, one of Australia’s three protected cruisers, had the honour of rounding up
Australian cruiser Sydney. and destroying the cruiser Emden, the German “ De Wet of the Sea.”
Some of the crew of the German cruiser, Koenigsberg photographed
while standing by one of Sir Percy Scott’s 4 7 in. guns at Whale island.
"THE German 3 , 400 -ton cruiser Koenigsberg did not compare with the '
A brilliantly-handled Emden in her activity and the service she rendered
to her country. While the latter ship built up a record for daring and clever
aggression, the former had only two modest achievements to her credit when
she went into the tropical river that was to be her grave.
Two days after war was declared she sank the merchant-ship City of
Winchester, and on September 20 th she went into Zanzibar, where the
small British cruiser Pegasus was lying with her fires drawn and her boilers
in process of being cleaned. The Pegasus fell an easy victim.
Then the Koenigsberg merely tried to elude pursuit, but did no further
damage. The British light cruiser Chatham was fortunate enough to find
her in a general clear-up of the oceaft, and on October 30 th she was discovered
hiding in shoal water six miles up the Rufigi River, in* German East Africa.
The Chatham could not follow up the river on account of her draught, but
after bombarding the trapped raider she sunk some colliers in the entrance,
thereby putting the cork into the bottle that held the Koenigsberg. Some
of the crew of the imprisoned ship entrenched themselves on land, and the
British naval commanders proceeded to take steps to capture or sink her.
The Koenigsberg was one of Germany’s sea-raiders, but
she sunk only the merchant-ship City of Winchester, and
the British cruiser Pegasus.
The British light cruiser Chatham and her commander, Captain Sydney R. Drury-Lowe. In the hunt for the German commerce
raiders, Captain Drury-Lowe had the good fortune to locate the Koenigsberg six miles up the Rufigi River, in German East Africa.
The War llhis&aUJ,-ZUl XoTetober, 1914
Page 324
Kiao-chau torn from the Grasp of the Mailed Fist
Tsing-tau, the port of Kiao-chau, Germany’s Chinese possession,
German Governor of Kiao- captured by the allied Japanese and British forces on November 7th,
C h au> after a siege of almost three months.
Captain Meyer Waldeck,
General Karnio, the
“ French ” of Japan, who
captured Tsing-tau.
A Japanese sentry looking out or»
Tsing-tau, his sentry-box being a
curious erection made .of matting.
one ot the charges that, oft
Japanese infantry storming a hill position betore Tsing— tau lit -^
repeated, finally captured the heavily-fortified stronghold. The Germans surrendered the
place when its fall was imminent, and thereby saved much needless sacrifice of human life.
One of the German trenches before
Tsing-tau just captured by the
Japanese soldiers who are seen oc¬
cupying it.
A photograph taken from a Japanese battleship, showing the attacking fleet before
Tsing-tau. The German and Austrian ships sunk in the harbour comprised two
cruisers, four gunboats, a destroyer, and a mine-layer. Thus fell Germany’s treasured
possession, on which she had spent twenty millions since she seized »t seventeen years ago
Page 325
1 lit, ll Ul 1 . 1
i:;4.
How Two German Cruisers Met their Fate
After three months of wildly destructive cruising and brilliant service for his country, Captain von Muller, the commander of the
Emden, was rounded up at Cocos Island, on November 9th, by the Australian protected cruiser Sydney, and had his ship battered
to pieces and driven ashore in flames.
Sea coast, on
in armoured cruiser Vorck, a ship of over 9,000 tons, sank in Jahde Bay near the Oermin North S«
November 4th, perhaps as the result of striking a mine, or perhaps a victim of attack by a British submarine.
Pasco o26
The War Illustrated, 21$£ XoVember. 1911.
Human Moles in the Fields of War
Kitchener’s army is being well drilled In trench-making and in
boring tunnels like this, which connect the trenches and make
entrance and exit possible in face of the heaviest artillery fire.
One of the British trenches at the hard fought Battle of the
Aisne, showing in the foreground a heap of accoutrements of
soldiers who are asleep in the straw at the bottom.
THE skill of the mole enters into the modern art of war.
1 A war of defence is a war from the protection of deep
trenches and earthworks, where the^oldiers may have to live,
sleep, and eat for days and weeks together. And a war of
attack is a war where the enemy has to be hunted from his
burrows with the bayonet after having had his number,
reduced and his morale shattered by the destructive shells
of heavy artillery. Under such conditions, it is not sur¬
prising that the present Great War is awful beyond all
precedent. These photographs show some battlefield burrows.
A deep trench in England, where the Royal Engineers of
Kitchener’s army are fast becoming adept9 in trench-making,
with the purpose of transporting their skill to the field of war
when their training is complete.
A German trench, captured after a stiff fight, near Villers-
Cotterets, showing mangold-wurzel left behind. There was
no tract of any other food-stuff, so that their commissariat
had >*ridentlv broken down when this trench was held.
Page 327
The War Illustrated, 21 st November, 1914.
Burrows from which Battles are now Waged
A system of trenches before Maubeuge constructed by British soldiers, abandoned in the great retreat, and containing a number of
field guns from which the breech-blocks were removed before they were left, thus rendering them useless to the enemy.
This drawing, finished from sketches made in the trench it
represents, makes clear the wonderful British defences at the
Battle of the Aisne. The surface sheds and roofs of straw make
for concealment, and the loopholes at which the defenders are
posted give a clear view of the approaches and show the barb wire
fences erected to prevent a sudden rush attack. The straw with
which the floors of the trenches are littered rendered them
comfortable unless the weather conditions flooded them.
.
The War Illustrated, 21$£ yovember , 1914.
Page 328
British Log-Artillery Draws the German Fire
Whenever the German aeroplanes see a masked battery of allied
artillery they drop smoke bombs on it to indicate its position
to their own guns. In this picture an aeroplane is seen flying
away after dropping such bombs, the smoke from which is
rising in two streaks. However, instead of being a real battery,
it is a dummy one, constructed of logs and wheels, screened
among bushes. The enemy are wasting their shells upon it,
while the genuine battery is concealed in a wood and making
ready to reply. Immediately in the foreground is one of the
Aisne quarries, from which our men watch the effect of their ruse.
Page 329
The War Illustrated, 21st November, 1914.
Sikhs and Gurkhas Cut Up the Germans at Lille
The Sikhs and the Gurkhas swung Into the
wild scrimmage. The Sikhs and the Gurkhas swung into tne
enemy with the utmost fervour Back past our own evacuated
trenches, up the little slope behind which they had collected, and
down the reverse went the Kaiser’s soldiers, while Sikh bayonet
and Gurkha kukri played havoc among the*e rtisordered ranks.
Huge columns of Germans advanced in the neighbourhood of
Lille during the third week of October, and by sheer _ impetus
beat some British troops out of their trenches. With most
unexpected gallantry they continued to advance, and thus came
up against the Indian supports. For a moment there was a
Page 330
The It’cir Illustrated, 21si November, 1914.
British Lions in a German Cage—
tsntisn soiuiers arriving as prisoners at a German concentration camp. Germany claims to hold over eight thousand British
prisoners, most of thern captured during the stubborn retreat in August. At the concentration camps British prisoners are reasonably
well treated, cases of insult and cruelty being the actions o F irresponsible Germans and not the policy of the military command. But
the people and the soldiery do not hide the fact that the British are the most hated of the Allies.
A British prisoner helps to carry the loaves of black bread into the camp at Doberitz
One look at the faces of the four men tells which is the Briton.
Feeding the British lions in a German
camp They are becoming reconciled to
the German soup.
Scottish prisoners help to enlarge
their food, and receive “ overtime “
the internment camp by erecting new fences. They work a specified number of hour for
at the rate of about one penny per hour. Officers receive their regulation pay and do no work.
Page 331
J he War i Hast ruled! 2l'*Z Xo rr m h‘rr, 1914.
German Eagles with Clipped Wings
AN extraordinary number of prisoners ■ has . been taken:
^ by both contending parties./ In the early days of
the war Germany captured allied soldiers by the thousand ;
we are now returning the compliment. An official state¬
ment places the number of prisoners taken by the French
during the third week of October as 7,683, exclusive of
wounded. Many of them were mere bovs, rushed from
the schoolrooms to the battlefield without training. The
Kaiser’s vaunted Bavarians, whom he wished to meet the
British " just once,” suffered in an alarming fashion,
fifteen hundred throwing down their arms at Yprcs. From
one of the trenches in the coast battle a German advanced
with a white flag and asked for a guarantee that his
comrades would not be fired upon if they came and sur¬
rendered. The assurance was given. Four hundred Germans
approached, but suddenly a volley came from their own side,
and the would-be prisoners were purposely shot down by
their compatriots. Only 230 reached the allied lines.
German soldiers, captured by the British during the fighting in Northern France, arrive-ata French port to be shipped to England. “ It’s
a long, long way to Tipperary,” but a party of about five hundred German prisoners has been sent to that Irish county for internment.
During the desperate struggle on the Belgian coast, thousands of outfought German soldiers thought it best to surrender. This
photograph, taken at Furnes shows some of the eighty-seven men, who were said to be all that remained of a German 1 regiment of
1,500 who attacked Dixmude fiercely, but who were driven back time after time by the Belgians, and finally had-their remnant captured.
Artillery captured from the Russians is displayed before a hero-worshipping audience outside the Royal Palace, Berlin. The capture
of these puns is Of no great importance. Inset: A Russian quick-firing gun being examined by German soldiers in a Berlin street.
The War Illustrated, 21$' November , 1914.
Page 332
Berlin Tries Hard not to be Downhearted
A squad of German ambulance men on their way to the railway
station to entrain for the front are presented with a bouquet by
a flower—seller. Despite the Red Cross on their arms the men
carry rifles. Why ? IVe don’t attack the Red Cross !
Feeding German children whose fathers are fighting.
Pago 333 r .
Dying British Soldiers
The War Illustrated , 21 si November. 1914.
Tortured by Germans
That «s all you will get from us." Two, after looking ravenously
at the soup, shut their eyes, while the third moaned, and rolled
his head. The Germans spat in their faces, though the- look in
their eyes foreshadowed approaching death. The Dutch cor¬
respondent's protests against such inhumanity were unavailing.
A Dutch war correspondent, who has been moving behind the
German lines, swears on oath that he saw three wounded British
soldiers tortured by Germans at Landen Station on October 9tn.
Bowls of hot soup were held before the wounded men. « ou
want food," said the Germans. “ We will beat; you to death.
--—- —-
The H nr llluslntictt, slsf ovcmber, 1914
Page 334
Destructive Power of Germany’s Siege-Guns
Destruction by big German shells in the town of Matibeuge, one of
France’s northern fortresses attacked after the fall of Namur.
The ruins of Wavre St. Catherine Fort, at Antwerp, reduced by
shell8 from the great German siege-guns during the bombardment.
TJNLIKE the armed conflicts of the past, the Great War of
to-day has been a war of big guns, and the effect of the big
guns which Germany had prepared in secret and which her
armies used for reducing fortresses, caused a revision of all
formerly accepted theories regarding the impregnability of
fortified places. Fortunately, the ponderous weight and the
size of these big siege-guns make them useless for field work
and for rapid transport; but they have shown that no fortress
can resist demolition when thev cast their great shells.
Empty baskets, each of which formerly contained one of the shells
used by the deadly 16 - 4 in. German siege-guns.
'V
KK^i
m.
m
°the s . howin 9 th ® Steel cupola top, which was considered before the war capable of resisting the heaviest
s . the most destructive explosives, and the biggest artillery ever manufactured, but which was shattered and broken by the
giant shells from the great German surprise—her giant 6iege artillery.
Page 335
The War Illustrated\ 21 si Xo vernier, 1914.
French Land-Mining Wrecks a German Gun
was prepared, and when all was
►~«v
With the men of the Sportsman’s Battalion in camp at Hornchurch. A pro¬
fessional cricketer, a professional singer, an angler, and a City merchant
assist in gathering firewood. In the upper picture on the right a Cambridge
University Blue carries a log in performing the same necessary task.
Officers of the Sportsman's Battalion : On the left,
Viscount Maitland ; in the centre, Captain H. J. H.
Inglis, adjutant ; and on the right, Lieutenant
Enderbv, quartermaster.
A RESPONSIBLE German paper recently complained that the British carried
the spirit of sport everywhere, and looked at everything from a sporting point
of view. She has found that our fighting men arc sportsmen, and sire will find
that our sportsmen are warriors—equal to, and better, than the disciples of culture.
The Sportsman’s Battalion of Lord Kitchener’s army owed its inception
to the efforts of Mrs. Cunliffe-Owen, and there was a rush of recruiting that speedily
filled its ranks. Its camp is at Hornchurch, in Essex, where it is getting the
necessary initiation in drill, discipline, and the practice of arms.
The battalion is attached to the Royal Fusiliers, and it consists of picked
men and trained athletes, many of them of championship rank. Two of the
companies consist solely of giants over six feet tall. They have' already been
nicknamed the " Hard-as-Nails,’’ and we may expect them to justify the sobriquet.
After an inspection in Hyde Park, London, by their colonel, Lord Maitland, the Sports¬
man's Battalion marches out to entrain for their camp. Many noted sportsmen and
athletes have joined its ranks.
The ffc7r Illustrated, Zlst November. 1914.
Page 336
Sportsmen of Peace for the Grim Game of War
Page 337 Tltt War III ustnitcd, 21a* November, 1914.
Our Soldiers’ Humour in the Field of Danger
One of our men has dubbed this field Kitchen at tha front the “Hotel Cecil,” and he has put up a notice to that effect. It
has advantages that its London prototype cannot boast. When fresh air is wanted the windows need not be opened, because
there are none; the dining-room is not so confined as the dining—room in the Strand, because it comprises all out—of—door9.
With us the term “ dog-cart” designates a trap with a box
arrangement behind, but in Belgium the real dog-cart is in
common use, though a British soldier driving one is a novelty.
The notice-board reads “ Kenilworth Lodge—tradesmen’s en¬
trance at rear—beware of the dog.” The landlord, Sergeant
Kenilworth, is at home to all Uhlans who care to call.
>r the party in the trenches—a field kitchen in r ranee where close-cropped British soldiers snow Uvat they are adepts in the
culinary art as well as in the art of war. Sometimes the real test of bravery comes in eating the food they oook.
The TTid- Illustrated, £l.s( November, 1814.
Paso 338
Died to Keep the Flag Flying
Lt.-Col. C. A. KING,
2nd Yorks Regt.
Lt.-Col. GORDON WILSON,
Royal Horse Guards.
Major L. R. V. COLBY,
1st Grenadier Guards.
Major W. E. CAMPION.
East Yorkshire Regt.
Capt. R. H NOLAN.
R.A.M.C
Sec.-Lieut. C. COTTRELL-
DORMER, Scots Guards.
Maj. the Hon. L. HAMILTON,
M.V.O., Coldstream Guards.
Capt. McNAB,
London Scottish.
Major G. PALEY,
Rifle Brigade.
Lieut. V. D. B. BRANSBURY.
Lincolnshire Regt.
Colonel Wilson, born 1865, was educated at Eton and Christ Church. Oxford, and
entered the Army in 1887. He was on Baden-Powell’s Staff during the defence of
Mafeking. and was twice mentioned in despatches during the South African War. He
was the husband of Lady Sarah Wilson, and an Officer of the I.egion d’Honneur. Major
Colby, born 1880, joined the Army in 1S99, and served in the South African Campaign.
Major Campion, aged forty-three, was promoted to major last year. He served in
South Africa with the mounted infantry, taking part in actions near Johannesburg,
Pretoria, Diamond Hill, etc., and being slightly wounded and twice mentioned in des¬
patches. Major the Hon. L. d’H. Hamilton fell in action on October 29th. in his forty-
first year. He was brother to the present Baron Hamilton of Dalzell. and heir-presump¬
tive to the title. He fought at Belmont, Eflslin, Modder River, and Magersfontein in
South Africa. Married in 1905. he leaves a son, John, born in 1911. Captain Mulholland
was killed on November 1st near Ypres. He was the eldest son of Lord Dunleath.
Major Paley was aged forty-two, and first saw service on the North-West frontier of
India in 1897. He was present at many important engagements during the South
African War. Lord Bichard Wellesley, born 1879, was the second son of the fourth
Duke of Wellington. He served in South Africa. Sir Bichard Levinge, of Knockdrin
Castle, Westmeath, was born in 1878. and succeeded his father as tenth baronet in 1900.
He fought in South Alrica, and rejoined the Service last August. Captain McNab was
bayoneted while attending some London Scottish wounded.
Maj. H ST. LEGER STUCLEY,
1st Grenadier Guards.
Capt. the Hon. A. E. MUL¬
HOLLAND, Irish Guards.
Capt. Lord RICHARD WEL¬
LESLEY, Grenadier Guards.
Lieut C. R. RIPLEY.
Yorks and Lancs. Regt.
Lieut. F. C LEVITA,
4th Hussars.
Lieut. Sir RICHARD LEVINGE.
Life Guards.
Lieut. A. W. G. CAMPBELL,
Coldstream Guards
Sec.-Lt. MERVYN NOOTT,
East Kent Regt.
Lieut. R. M. MACDONALD,
Cameron Highlanders.
Sec.-Lieut. G. Y. GROSS,
Royal West Kent Regt. .... x^manue™.
Photographs Ip Lafayette, Lambert Weston, Dassano, Elliott <fc hr//, Russell .0 Sons, Sicaine,
Sec.-Lt. W. M. MACNEILL,
10th Lancers.
Pago 339
The War Illustrated, 21 si November, 1914.
A Gallant Grandson of Queen Victoria
Prince IVJaurice of Battenberg, like his father Prince Henry, the
husband of our beloved Princess Beatrice, laid down his life for
his country. His bravery was unquestioned, and he met death
like a hero. A corporal at the front tells of Prince Maurice’s
conspicuous gallantry at Charly—sur—Marne on September 7th,
when the King’s Royal Rifles saw the Germans making block¬
ages of carts, furniture, wire, glass, etc., on a bridge preparatory
to blowing it up. The order was given to take the bridge and
Prince Maurice was the first man over. He led the way over
the barricades, and was first into the houses on the other side
searching for Germans who had, however, fled without firing
a shot. Prince Maurice was mentioned in one of Sir Jonn
French’s despatches, probably for this incident. Within a week
he was wounded and died.
The TTor Illustrated, 21$£ November , 1914
HOW THE WAR
WAGES s
Pago 340
THE STORY OF THE
GREAT CONFLICT
TOLD WEEK BY WEEK
The Breakdown of the German Military Staff
THE most remarkable event in the war last week
1 occurred far from the fields of battle, on the railways
of Central Germany. There, trains carrying 150,000
troops from Flanders to Poland passed trains conveying
another large number of German soldiers from Poland to
Flanders. The position was that matters were first so
urgently perilous around Yprcs that the German armies
in Russia had to bo weakened in order to reinforce the
troops opposed to the British Expeditionary «Forcc. But
soon after the reinforcements had entrained, the condition
of the German armies in Russia suddenly became so
dangerous that troops had to be hurried at all costs from
Flanders to Posen to engage the Cossacks.
sit * *
" CARDER, counter-order, disorder ”—that was what had
v - / happened at German headquarters. The result was
that at the critical period on both the east and west fronts
about a quarter of a million troops of the best quality were
on a long railway j ourney. General Joffre, it was rumoured,
was then half tempted to strike and break the German
front with the reserve force he was holding back for a
Napoleonic stroke of this kind. But he concluded that it
would cost him 100,000 men to pierce the enemy’s line,
and that the stroke could be carried out at half the cost
by waiting some weeks longer, and continuing meanwhile
to wear the enemy down.
* * *
The Lightning Advance of the Russians
CO the opportunity of pushing home an attack against
the weakening, hesitating Germans fell entirely to the
Russian commander-in-chief. Three weeks after the
Battle of Warsaw he had thrown the enemy back one
hundred -miles from the Vistula, and in turn invaded
German Poland. Months before the battle the Germans
had begun to fortify a lino in Russian Poland running along
the course of the Warta River. And before their great
disastrous attempt at invasion they spent four weeks
strengthening the. Warta defences. These, however, were
suddenly turned at Ivolo by the Cossacks in the early days
of November, and the gap on the German frontier between
Thom and Posen was menaced.
* * *
IT was then that troops, chiefly cavalry, were shifted from
Flanders to Posen to hold back the victorious Cossacks,
who captured the town of Ploeschen, some fifty miles south
of Posen. But the Grand Duke Nicholas remained master
of the situation. By a raid into German Poland he drew
the German forces to that point, while he struck with his
main armies at a place far to the south. He merely feinted
at Posen ; he hit at Cracow. The reason for this was that
Posen was only the gate to Berlin, while Cracow was the
key to Silesia. Silesia was the second greatest industrial
centre in Germany. Westphalia, on which the Franco-
British forces hoped soon to advance, being the first
greatest centre. A blow at Silesia was far deadlier than a
spectacular march on Berlin, so the Russian commander
feinted at Berlin but struck at Silesia.
* * *
The Sad Plight of the Austrians
AN important consequence of'this operation was that the
full weight of the Russian stroke fell first on the
Austrians forming the left wing of the Teutonic host.. In
the first week of November they were cut off from the
Crown Prince’s army, that constituted the Teutonic centre,
and driven towards Cracow. At the same time, the right
flank of the Austrians, which stretched along the northern
slopes of the Carpathian Mountains, was .turned by a
Russian force advancing through Southern Silesia. 1 By
Thursday, November 12th, the immense encircling move¬
ment of the Russians was bringing them close to the
Austrian forces, whose path of retreat across the snow-
cumbered passes of the Carpathians seemed to be barred.
* * *
1 EAVING the Austrians to their fate, the Germans en¬
trenched at Czestochova, some ten miles in front of the
border of Silesia. Here the great decisive battle opened
at the close of the second week in November, while the
Germans were bringing up heavy artillery to strengthen
their defences and turn the struggle into a siege war, such as
had occurred on the Aisne. Fresh troops, hastily trained,
were brought out to reinforce the weary retreaters, who
had been marching for dear life for several weeks ; and
though the Russians were also fatigued by their rapid
advance, confidence born of victory nerved them for the
grand frontier battle, on which the immediate fate of
Germany hung.
* * #
The Mighty Stand of the British Army
CAN the western front of war there continued a terrible
^ stability of positions along the Yser, and towards Lille
and Arras. The British army would not yield ground,
and the Bavarian army would not give over attacking.
Except that Dixmude, on the Yser, which had been lost
and won several times, was again captured by the Germans,
there was little change in the curving lines of the contending
Powers. Night and day the slaughter went on, till some¬
thing between a quarter and half a million men were put
out of action.
THE German commander, Prince Rupert' of Bavaria, lost
1 a position of great advantage through a curious attack
of blindness. This man, the direct heir of our Stuart
kings, but barred from the British throne by the. Act of
Succession, circulated the notorious “ Poem of Plate ”
among his troops, and allowed them to commit ghastly
things to our wounded men. With his own soul flaming
with hatred, he concentrated his forces round Ypres in
attempt after attempt to annihilate the British army.
It did not matter to him that he lost fhree men for every
British soldier he put out of action. He was bent on
annihilating our force. So, blinded with fury, he over¬
looked the really critical point on the allied line southward
at La Bassee. Here, where the British and French armies
connected, was the danger spot. But instead of massing
the whole of his forces against it, Prince Rupert went on
hammering at the hated British at Ypres.
Clearing the Seven Seas
A FTER a siege of six weeks, the great new fortress of
** Tsing-tau, from which the Germans hoped in time to
dominate China, fell to the Japanese, with some little
help from their British allies. Owing to their experience
at Port Arthur, the Japanese sappers and gunners had
become supreme experts in the reduction of modern
Gibraltars, and they captured Tsing-tau by a final bayonet
charge on November 7th, in just half the time expected.
The fall of the fortress, where eight enemy warships were
sunk, freed the entire Japanese Fleet for the hunt after
German commerce raiders. About the same time the
Indian Ocean was cleared by the'destruction of the Emden
by IP.M.A.S. Sydney, while the Konigsberg was bottled up
in a river creek in East Africa by sunken coal-boats.
World-wide Skirmishes
IN other parts of the earth a series of small fights went on,
* preparatory to larger battles. The Russians crossed the
Caucasian ramparts and swept towards the Turkish fortress
city of Erzerum. A Turkish army, with Kurdish supports,
was scattered close to the frontier, and on November nth
the Russians won a more important victory at Koeprikoei,
where the Turks fled in great disorder into the mountains,
pursued by Russian horsemen. ; About the same time, but
half the world away. General Botha moved out from
Winburg, in the Orange Free State, and partly surrounded
Christian De Wet and two thousand rebels. . Owing to two
of General Botha’s officers being unable to arrive in time,
the encircling movement was not completed. Nevertheless,
a heavy defeat was inflicted upon the man who rebelled
because he had been fined five shillings for ill-treating a
Kaffir bov. Two hundred and fifty of bis men were
captured and two of his laagers
The War Illustrated, 21 at .V' oremher, 1914.
FREE
The small reproduction
shown here gives but a
rough idea of the attrac¬
tiveness cf the origina’,
which is in full colours.
It is a tasteful and ap¬
propriate war memento as
a fitting tribute to the
Empire’s great leaders, and
is given away this week with
Family Journal
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know how interesting they arc
with their hundred pictures
weekly, showing scenes from
the camps, the trenches, the
quarter-decks, and even
from the lines of the enemy.
You have seen in their pages
the travail of Belgium, the
heroism of our own men, the
great implements of war, and
the underground burrows from
which war is now waged.
it
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[V
he War Illustrated.
21st November. 1014.
■s'
10,735 Soldiers made Happy This W eek
Donations Received during the Eighth Week of the Fund
The lists below include all the collecting-
books returned, and all the donations during
the week ending on the morning of November
nth, and the/total amount is £268 " 7 s. 5 d.,
which carries the total since the fund was
started to more than £ 1 , 500 .
Special Collections
Miss Lanis. £515s. ; Miss E. G. Dale, £5 14s. Id. ;
Mr. A. Kennedy, £512s. 6d.;Mr. A. B. (Jorniack, £5;
Mrs. Crowley, £5 ; Miss M. 1. Stephenson, £5 ;
Miss L. Wilkinson, £5 ; Collected by Mr. C.-Mitc-hell
from W. & A. Gilbcy’s Staff, £4 2s. ; Miss;Esther
Bernard, £4 ; Mrs. A. H. Pawson, £4 ; Mr. H. G.
Walshe, £4 ; Miss' G. IT. Smith, £3 11s.,; Miss
Livingstone, £310s. ; Mr: James Whyte, £3 os. 6d. ;
Mr. L. M. Dickson, £3 5s. ; Mr. A. Richardson,
£3 2s 6d..; Mrs. D. M..dc V.eXtc, £3 Is. 6d.Miss
K Warren and Miss J. Evison, £2 15s. ; Miss
D 8. Pollard, £2 11s. ; Mr;C..Parker, £2 8s. 0d.-;
Mr. J. B. M. Mason, £2 7s; Id.'; Mrs. B. Sawyer,
£2 6s. 4d. ; Mr. C. D. Kisstick, £2 6s. ; -Mr. N.
Belief by,'£2.5s.'; Mr. A. 1Y Macphorson, £2 4s.’;
IHiss Freda Reynolds, £2 3s. €d. ; Miss L. A.
Itermon, £2 .Is. 6d. ; Mrs.• Bentliam, £2; Mr.
J! A!* Frazer. £2 ; Miss D. Hodgson, £2 ; Mr.
J. S. Irvine. £2 ; Miss M. Loach, £2 .; Miss Grant,
£1 18s. Miss. A. (Monks, £1 18s. ;.Mr. add Mrs.
s. Hughes, £117s. 6d. ; Mrs. It Stafford, £1 17s. ;
Miss M. Lloyd? £116s. 3d.; Mr*. J. L. Brown. £116s.;
MNs * Isabel Mnlrphy*, *£!'14s.^; Mr. F. Green,
£1 13s. 6d. : Mrs. J.- McGillivray, £1 13s. ; Mr.
Arthur T. Hortjpri, £1.12s. !6d. ; Miss F. .Smith,
£1 12s. 6d. ; Mrs. P. Knight, £112s. 2d. ; Miss R.
Davis, £111s. 6d.; Miss Daisy Jnrrctt, £110s. 6d. ;
Mr. F. Wall. £1 10s. 6d., Mr. D. Buttery, £1 10s. ;
Mr. J. Horsfall, £1 10s. ; Miss A Shaw. £1 10s. ;
Mrs. C.'Woodcock, £18s.6d. ; Mr. Thbmas Whitby,
£1 8s. ; Miss Gilmore, £1 7*6. ; Mr. Cyril Martin,
£1 5s. 6d. ; Mr. A. E. Colwell, £1 5s..; Mr. F. E.
Ison,* £1 2s. ; - Mr.-Harry- Simons, £1 2s. ; Mr.
V. A. Taylor, £1 Is. 6d. ; Mr. R. Owen. £1 Is.;
Mr. C. Sargent. £1 Is. ; MissC. L. Joener, £10s. 4d. ;
Miss A. Ashworth, £1 ; -Miss E. Hurst, £1 ; Mrs.
M. Kclsall, £1 ; Miss Jane Lewis, £1 ; Miss A.
Qucleli, £1 ; Mrs. Rawsay,' £1 ; Mr. A. Smith,
£1 ; ..Miss G. Wells, £1 ; Miss Millie White. 18s. Id.;
Mr. T. JT. Reynolds, 17s. ; Mrs. Sydic, 16s. 6d. ;
.Miss D. Naylor, 16s. ; Miss M. Palcy. 15s. 6d. ;
Mr. Win. Ward, 15s. 6d. ; Mr. J. E. Healey, 15s. ;
Mr. P. R. Offord, 15s. ; Miss R. Harrison, 14s. 6d. ;
Mrs.. Hyde, 13s. 6d. ; Miss M. R. A. Hay.ward,
13s. ; Mrs. It. Johns. 13s. ; MissF. Garner,12s. 6d. ;
.Miss.G. Miller. 12s. 6d..; Mrs. G. Yeadon, 12s. 6d. ;
Mr. E. Brown, 12s. ; Miss J. Grecnhalgh. 12s. ;
Mrs. E. McCulla, 12s. ; Mr. C. Straker. 12s. ; Mr.
James Balch, 11s. 6d. ; Miss N. Shilling, 11s. 6d. ;
Mr. James Swindells, 11s. 3d. ; Mr. E Hinde, 11s. ;
Miss Ostler, 103. 6d. ; Miss K. Pullingcr 10s. 6d. ;
Miss B. Dixon,- 10s. ; 'Miss N. Gunning, 10s. ;
Miss B. Lister, 10s. ; Miss A. Saunders, 10s. ;
Miss J. Lamb, 9s. 6d. ; Mr. A. C.’Mellor, 9s. ;
Mr. V. Jonc3, 8s. 9d. ; Miss Dean, 8s. ; Mrs. A.
Kassal. 8s. ; Mrs. J‘.-T. Ward, 8s ; Mrs. B. John--
son. 7s. 6d. ; Miss G. Warnsby, 7s. 6d. ; Mr. W. H.
Robinson, 6s. 6d. ; Miss O. Harrowed, 6s. 2d. ;
Miss C. Balfour, 5s. 7d. ; Miss E. Bolton. 5s. 6d. ;
Mr. W. Oakley, 5s. 6d. ; Mr. T. Butterworth, 5s. ;
Mr. C. V Golding, 5s. ; Mr. O' Green' 5s. ; Mr.
J. E. Hill, 4s..6d. ; Mr. M. E. Woodward, 4s. ;
Mrs. E. 8. Say, 3s. 6d./; Miss \V. C. Jones, 2s. 6d.
. . . Donations
1 Donation of £10 = 400 presents for soldiers.
Collected by Peter Grant. ....
1 Donation of £8 2s.-6d. = 325 presents, for
soldiers.
Per E. n. Wells' (Hon. Sec., Ye Odde Lottes
Club). •'
1 Donation of £4 10s. 6d. = 181 presents for
_ soldiers. _ __
Collected by Jean Miller.
1 Donation of £2 5s. =90presents for soldiers.
.Collected by Mrs. C. Brownlie.
1 Donation of £l 18s. 6d.=77 presents for
soldiers. \* ■
Ter Mrs. J.essie, M.-CY Mitchell (Members of
Slamannan Bowling Club).
2 Donations of 12s. fid. = 50 presents for 40 Donations
soldiers.
Per D. Harrison ; per W. Shields.
1 Donation of 12s. =24 presents for soldiers
Per Rev. Chas F. Fyffe. •
presents for
1 Donation of
E. A. Saunders.
16 Donations of
10s. 6d.
soldiers.
21 presents for
10s. =320 presents for
soldiers.
Sander Bros. & Ncwbould, Sheffield; Miss
Skelton ; Miss Marjorie Crocker ; W. E. ; A. B.
Cox; It. Jenkins; J. P. Harvey; R. Stanley
Lander ; Mr. and Mrs. A. F. Marett; collected by
Miss E. Radford from four friends; Miss MacM aster;
collected by Miss A. E.Woc cl; per Mrs. 1C. Johnson ;
Arthur Stooke ; “ Gabrielle *’ : Susan White.
1 Donation of 8s. 16 presents for soldiers.
Roland Park, U.S.A.
HOW MANY PIPES WILL
YOU FILL ?
A sixpence delivers into the hands
of a soldier two cakes of tobacco
and ten cigarettes—the parcel being
worth about is. Gd. in this country.
Sixpence can do so much because
no duty is paid on the goods, so
that every sixpence goes in tobacco
and cigarettes, none in taxes.
The name and address of the
sender is on every packet, so that the
soldier knows whom he has to thank.
This picture ' shows what each
soldier gets.
Jm
How many sixpcnces'can you send?
How many can you collect ?
How many soldiers will you make
happy ? , . ■ •
Please send \ our postal-orders
addressed to
The War Illustrated,
“ Something-to-Smokc ’’ . Fund,
. The Flectway House, '
Farringdon Street, . -
1 ■ ■ ■ London, H.C.
And don’t forget to put your name
and address.
If you would like a collecting-
sheet, so that you can get your friends
to help with subscriptions, please
ask for one at the same time. . •
1 Donation of £1 Is. -7d. = 43 presents for
1 . ~ -Soldje.rs. •. ... ._
Collected by Mrs. John S. Crawford.
1 Donation of £1 Is.=42 presents for soldiers.
W. M. Edmunds.
4 Donations of £1.=160 presents
soldiers.
Eve. JM...Walker ; .Lilian Davy; Jack Leigh;
Little Tommy.
2 Donations of 15s. =60 presents for soldiers.
- ' Collected** by *E.- 8. Thompson ;• -Mr.* and Mrs.
, W. Snow and son.
LJ—
5 Donations of 7s. 6d.=175 presents for
J soldiers.
Miss Alice Hall. Miss May Ranson, and Miss
■Clara Ranson ; * Mrs. .F. Goodridge ; Miss Florence
Carver; collected by Miss Harris; Mrs. A. L.
-Rennie. * . .. ^
2 Donations of 7s. = 28 presents for soldiers.
James Fraser : Toby Horsham.
1 Donation of 6s. 6d. = 13 presents for
soldiers.
Mr. and Mrs/ Eckersley. % _ .
4 Donations of 6s. = 48 presents for soldiors.
' ‘ Collected' by J- Pretty man ; > collected; by,F.
f ° r Barter; collected by May Douglas (aged 10);
per J. W. Whitehouse (A few shopmates, 5th
donation.)— j • *' f .
2 Donations of 5s. 6d.= 22 presents for
soldiers.
• From two-friends and a Poplar Girl Guide; J.
A. Turnbull, f * •>
of 5s. = 400
soldiers.
Miss K. Day ; William II. Greenless ; Miss F. Law¬
rence (2nd donation); Mr. and Mrs. Wilkinson ;
Mr. and Mrs. J. G. Anderson; Miss W. Birkett;
M. Chase; George Sinclair; Miss H. Segrave ;
Kathleen Tricker ; J. It. Walters ; May Walsh ;
Miss M. Anderson; Tom Armitage, jun.; col¬
lected by Margaret Corbett; Alice Clifton; Mr.
'1'. C’ollinson ; A. Diamond ; (Mr. and Mrs. Foot
and Mr. Coalbank); G. N. Farley. ; P. J. Gregory ;
Annie (till ; C. and 1). Herschill; Miss Hagate :
collected by Mrs. Jardine ; Mr. Geo. Pegge ; Mrs.
J. C. Penan; Scotchman; Miss Vizard; Hilary
Wilson; (Miss Buckingham, 2s. 6d., and Miss H.
King, 2s. Gd.); Mr. and Mrs. Munro and the
boys; E. G. Hunters; J. and A. Stubbs; col¬
lected by Wm. Walmsley; W. and II. Wallace ;
Edward T. Gibson; A. Hockaday; Needham’s.
Ltd. ; Mrs. Pirn.
1 Donation of 4s. 6d. 9 presents for soldiers.
Richard and Jenny Ker.
3 Donations of 4s. 24 presents for soldiers.
Miss E. Brice; Christopher H. E. Ellis; col¬
lected by Peter Marshall.
4 Donations of 3s. 6d.=28 presents for
soldiers.
Miss Grace Bennett ; E. James; Leonard
Close (aged 11), and Clifford Langton (aged 11);
Mrs. Stanslleld.
24 Donations of 3s. =120 presents for
soldiers.
Miss E. Francis : Stanley Lee ; C. Sugdcn ;
(Rev. B. Bcvan, Miss Greenwood, and Miss U.
Fairbrother); E. and F. Bowen ; R. H. Lane-.
Francis; Miss L. H. Freeman ; (Miss Ada Hale and
Miss Lucy Reed) ; Miss Langsford ; Mrs. Lawton.,
and Eric ami*. Marjorie Lawton); Vincent and
Laura Newsome"per Wm. Paterson ; Mrs:
Percy Wilson : (Florence King, Bertha Markham,
and Bessie Walter); George W harrier ; Margot;
Winifred Simmons ; Mr., Mrs. and Miss Shemming ;
Master Willie Clark; Mrs. John Dawson (2nd
donation).
44 Donations of 2s. 6d.=220 presents for
soldiers.
Mrs. A. Beard ; Arthur II. Lidster; Miss
Moore ; .Mrs.. A.. Sa/yjle ; Miss West ; Mrs. E.
Yates ; Mrs. Foreman ; W. A. Clark ; Mrs. A
Hurley ; Mrs.-A.-Harvey ; Mr. E. J. Oram ; Mrs.
Annie Lang-Brown ; Miss M. Bailey ; Anonymous;
Beatritc Doherty ; Mrs. M. Davison ; T. A
Falcong li.^H. .Gear.; .Mr._J. H. Holland.; M.iss
Sally Jenkins ; Violet Le Jeunes ; Frederick Moss ;
Miss B. Mackintosh ; Mrs. Painter; E. L. 8. :
Miss E. 8. Riley ; Miss A. G. Rogers ; collector
by I.isbeth Richardson (aged 9); Margaret am
Andrew Robertson ; Harold and Norman Sellers.;
Mrs. C. J. Walker ; E. G. W. ; Miss Ellie Massey
Eagar ; Miss-Sid Haylett; Mrs. J. 8. Hunton ;
Lilian E. * Keiland ; A. Stevens ; P. Wiseman ;
J. K. ChestiiCy, T»th donation ; Violet Croncher ; \N
Macphorson ; Mi's. F. P. Middleton ; R. Shepherd ;
Jessie* Virtue,
53 Donations of 2s. = 224 presents for
• ; : soldiers. i :
A Few Luton Girls ; George - and Artliui
Cudw’orth'; "Frafok itml Artlnlr Witt ; Irene Ward
(aged 9), and Jack Ward (aged 4); Agnes G
Shepherd; Maurice and Edna Bourdeaux ; Mis.*
E. Edwards ;. Miss'!Nie'ta Hewitson ; Miss Mabei
Parish;. Miss Ward; Wilks; M. Bersant; No
Name, of'To'dmortlen ; A. Ashenden : Miss Adey ;
Mr. L. - Burrows ; F. H. F. Cartwright; B. M.
DanieL ; Mrs.-DaVid and Miss Bentley ; Harr\
Dobson-; Dorothy Fisher ; Miss 8. H. Greenwood ;
Miss L.-IIodson ; (Miss E. C. Maxwell Hyslop arid
Mrs. Maxwell Hyslop); (Mrs. Holloway and
Master Geoffrey Holloway); Ruth and Joyce
Keen’;. Misses B. - and K. McLean ; Mrs.
McPherson ; W. J: Tsichol; G. Ponsford ;* Mis>
ltippingale : Mr. G. Suter, jun. ; James Spikins ;
R. ,C. .Tanner Arthur Warburton (aged 51):
H. and E. Witts ; Misses E. M. E. and D. Banks ;
Ronald Campbell: Mrs. Crook ; Frederic Harmer ;
(Ella King, Olive HodgeVand c o. Miss 8. Strange) ;
F. and M. ; . (Miss Newbigging and Miss M.
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26 Donations of Is. 6d.j
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for which we lhank the donors, but which w-
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of space.
,r
* • .Printed.and .published, by ^the Am.w^ama»pbi>* Pkkss, 'inMItEi), The" l'Teet way House, Farringdon‘Street, London, E.C.
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48. Registered as a newspaper, and registered for the Canadian Magazine Post. N
Registered as a newspaper, and registered for the Canadian Magazine Post.
The War Jilnst rated, 28th November. 1914 .
egmtered at the G.P.O, as a Newspaper.
THRILLING NARRATIVE OF A GREAT SEA-FIGHT
(See page
342
«egtf. for Canadian
Post*
The Gateway of the East: Anglo-Egypt guards the Suez Canal
No. IS,
--- - -
The War Illustrated, 28 in Xoic.tibcr 1914.
11
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ALBUM t ° e f e WAR
OUR DIARY OF THE
WAR
>
(For our Diary of Events in the Great War prior to November 6th,
see previous issues of “The War Illustrated.”)
Nov. 6 .—British male subjects between tne ages of 17 and 55 arrested
in Germany and sent to concentration camps.
Belgium declares war on Turkey.
Russian troops capture Turkish positi »n at Koeprikoci.
Grand Duke Nicholas telegraphs General Jortre announcing
greatest Russian victory since beginning ol hostilities.
German *pv Karl Lodv shot at the Tower of London.
Nov. 7.—Four Turkish transports sunk by Russian fleet.
Surrender of Tsing-tau ; 2,300 prisoners taken.
Formation of Army Cyclist Corps authorised.
Nov. 8.—Swedish steamer A tie mined in the North Sea ; six nves lost.
Lord Kitchener congratulates Grand Duke Nicholas; Sir
John French congratulates Russian Army.
Russian army crosses German frontier at t\vo points.
German gunboat Grier interned at Honolulu by U.S.A.
Flushing burgomaster proclaims that all vessels, except mail-boats,
entering the Scheldt at night will run risk of being fired upon.
German aeroplane drops two bombs on Dunkirk.
De Wet’s son Daniel killed in engagement with Cronje.
Nov. 9. — German cruiser Emden driven ashore at Keeling (Cocos) Island
and burnt by H.M.A.S. Sydney.
Recipiocal arrangement tor exchange of non-military subjects
between Austria and Great Britain announced.
British bombardment and occupation of Fao, m the Persian
Gulf, announced.
German defeat south of Ypres.
Pension Scale increased.
Historic speeches at Lord Mayor’s banquet, Guildhall.
Mi. Walter Cunliffe, Governor of the Bank of England, created
a peer.
Nigerian Emirs place £38,000 at disposal of Governor-General.
Nov. 10. — Distinguished Service Order awarded to sixteen British
officers.
Mr. Lloyd George makes recruiting speech at City Temple.
Fate of German raiders Emden and Koemgsberg announced. ) »
Russians within 25 miles of Cracow.
Germans storm and capture Dixmude.
Nov. 11.—Parliamentary Recruiting Committee scheme announced.
King's message to Sir John French announced.
Capture of General von Liebert by Russians announced.
Capture of German territory in the Congo by French and
Belgians announced.
Eight hundred horses killed in British transport at Baltimore^
U.S.A.
H.M.S. Niger torpedoed by a submarine off Deal.
Parliament opened bv the King.
Prussian Guards attack and'arc defeated by British 1st Army
Corps. r
Nov. 12.—Registration of recruits announced.
Defeat ot De Wet by Botha announced.
Nov. 13.—Prime Minister states British casualties up to October 31st
to be 57,000, all ranks
Supplementary Estimate for additional 1,000,000 men tor British
Army.
Karl Ernst sentenced to seven years’ penal servitude for
espionage.
Nov. 14.—Italian Cabinet agrees to military grant of £16,000,000.
Lord Roberts died in France.
Snow blizzard raged in Northern France.
Nov. 15.—Troops from India successful in sharp action with Turks
near Persian Gulf. H.M.S. Espiegle and Odin co-operated.
Turks attack Fao.
Nov. 16. — Five officers and four men awarded the Victoria Cross.
Mr. Asquith moves a Vote of Credit for £225,000,000 for war
purposes.
Fourteen thousand five hundred alien enemies now in concen¬
tration camps in this country, twenty-nine thousand still at large.
Capture of Turkish forts at Sheik Seyd by H.M.S. Edinburgh
and Indian troops announced.
Use of carrier pigeons by the British Government announced.
Nov. 17.—German wireless engineer, Fochtenberger, tried by court-
martial at Woolwich.
German auxiliary cruiser Berlin interned by Norwegian Govern¬
ment at Trondhjem.
War Budget introduced.
German casualties 549,247, exclusive of Bavarian, Saxon, and
Wiirtemberg Armies, estimated at 400,000.
Prince of Wales-appointed aidc-de-camp to Sir John French.
Bombardment of Rheims continued.
British success over Turks at Shatt-el-Arab, Persian Gulf.
Nov. 18.—Glasgow captain’s account of naval battle off Chili pub¬
lished.
Victory over Russians at Thom claimed by General von
Hindenburg.
Belgians attack Germans from small boats on the Yser.
Launch from United States cruiser Tennessee fired upon by
Turks at Smyrna announced.
Goeben disabled by Russian Black Sea Fleet.
Nov. Imposing funeral of Lord Roberts.
A WEEKLY PICTURE-RECORD OF EVENTS BY LAND, SEA AND AIR
The latest newsof the position of the German cruiser Koemgsoer g
reads like a chapter from the old boys' stories of Kingston and
Henty. Discovered in the Indian Ocean by H.M.S. Chatham, the
German cruiser, which is capable of steaming at a very high speed,
showed the British warship “ a clean pair of heels,” gaining the
mouth of the Rufigi River, in German East Africa, and steaming
six miles up the river into a dense tropical forest where the heavier
British vessel was unable to follow. The guns of the Chatham
were able, however, to shell the position of the Koenigsberg,
which was thus fairlv trapped, and its ultimate fate is sealed.
The War Illustrated , 28 th November, 1S14.
Vago 342
THE FIRST SEA-FIGHT OF ITS KIND
Thrilling Tale of the Battle between
the Carmania and the Cap Trafalgar
BY ONE WHO TOOK PART IN IT
Very little has been heard of the excellent work of the Royal Naval Reserve since the outbreak of
the War but this branch of our Navy ha^ figured in several important engagements, rnd especially
distinguished itself in the famous fight between the Carmania and the Cap Trafalgar, when our
m ere ha nt—cruiser destroyed and sank the splendid new .Hamburg—South— American iiner which. like
the Carman a. had been fitted out for war ser.ice. No complete account cf this enga ement, which 13
lively to be famous in the annals of the Na y as being the first battle of the kind in history, has yet
appeared in the tritish Frees, and we are fortunate in being able to present to readers of THE VVAR
ILLUSTRATED a graphic Description of the fight penned by one of those who took an active part in it.
O N the morning of September 14th the auxiliary cruiser
Carmania steamed south on a reconnoitring ex¬
pedition towards Trinidad Island—not the West
Indian island of that name, but the tiny island rock about
four miles by two that lies in the South Atlantic, about
700 miles cast from Brazil. Early in the forenoon the
lofty rock loomed large ahead, and a group of masts
and funnels that were made out to the westward of it
resolved, later on, into three steamers. Like hornets
they buzzed around, undecidedlv at first, and then took
to'their heels, but when it was ascertained that the intruder
had no company, the largest ol them, a magnificent liner
with two red funnels and grey hull, evidently changed her
mind, turned round and
made for the piratical-
looking surprise-packet, for
the Carmania was black
from rail to keel, what with
the generous laying on of
the tar-brush in Liverpool
and the smoke and grime of
a long sea voyage.
The sun stood directly
overhead. The scene was
one of undimmed tropical
splendour when the Car¬
maniamastheaded the white
ensign and fired a shot
The top oicture shows the Car-
previously had been carrying passengers, mails, and cargo
from New York to Liverpool, tronr Hamburg to South
America. Both ships had been built to withstand stress
of weather, not stress o! warf ire. Armour they had none,
nor very great speed, and their triple tier of decks, littered
with every conceivable sort of cast-iron menace, lent
security to the crew only in their vastness.
A gross tonnage of 10,524 in the case of the Carmania,
and 18,710 tons in the case of the Cap Trafalgar, constitute
targets so colossal as to We beyond the possibility of failure
with any gunlavcr, and beyond the scope of ere lulity to one
at all initiated in modern gunnery. The duel was therefore
unique, because the combatants were not men-oi-war in the
proper sense ol the word, and the first ol its kind on record,
as it has never been known before that a floating hotel fitted
with miniature artillery should meet and engage on the
high seas a similar adversary similarly aimed.
In weapons, as well as in size an 1 speed, the two ships
were evenly matched. The Carmania mounted eight 47
guns, the Cap Trafalgar eight 41 guns, up-to-date, the
difference in calibre equalising the difference in age at
normal range. But the modern weapon with its low
trajectory is far more effective at long distances, and it is
surprising that the German
did not take advantage of
the fact, and be the first to
commence operations. The
action took place at a dis¬
tance 0! a little over 8,000
to a little under 4,000 yards
from start to finish.
The object oi each ship
being to let water into the
other as quickly as possible,
the guns were laid on the
water-1.ne, and an identical
portion of it kept as the
point of aim every time
across the other steamer's mania : the rriddle one tha wreck
t ti „ °* h p r br dqe from one of the Cap
bow. The Stranger. > ho Trafalgar’s <=hell3. and the bottom
had disregarded all previous picture a hole made in the engine-
signals there and then room casing by a shell that first
^o' . ripoed through a lifeboat and
hoisted his COlOlirS, ana mis ed the wireless room on
returned the challenge by a th ® lef t b y ° n| y a *®w feet,
broadside from his starboard
guns. It was a German ship right enough, no other than
the Cap Trafalgar, as subsequently proved, the pride of
the Hamburg-South-American Line, built in 1913 for
the express purpose of ousting the Royal Mail and kindred
British companies in that part of the world.
These preliminary shots gave both sides an accurate range.
No.sooner were sights adjusted, than every gun that would
bear opened fire, and the two combatants set them to a
deadly duel, in which one or both must sink. It was a
fight to the finish between two ships that only a lew weeks
they were fired. Of the first few shells that hit tha
Carmania on the port side three made holes, big and
small, at and above the water-line ; one tore through the
stewards’ quarters and embedded itsell in the protective
sandbags outside the engine-room ; another made havoc in
the galley on the lower deck and carried away the fire main
leading to the tore part ol the ship and bridge, with well-
(Continued <m pane 344 .)
Pago 343 9
Cossack to
Rescue of a
The War Illustrated, 23 lh November, 1914 .
Red Cross Nurse
The inciaom aepicieu above is vouched tor as having taken
place in the fighting near the Polish frontier. Russian wounded
were being collected by two Red Cross nurses and some un¬
armed orderlies with an ambulance waggon. Suddenly from the
wood close by a German officer and some men appeared. The
officer strapped the wrists of one of the nurses and carried her to his
horse. Then he rode off with her, bruised from her struggle and in
despair of her fate. But a Cossack appeared, took in the s.tuation,
and gave chase, in horsemanship the German had no chance. He
was spitted on the Cossack soear, and hi9 victim rescued-
th e de a t h of Can tain n/i? rjn h a . ut "® nt '°cases o. the Germans behaving in a revolting manner to the wounded enemy concerns
damaged hou-e a te^nn . ° d0n Q Se0 .V-'l h A * arley Str8et doctor by Proton, Captain McNab remained unarmed in a
LaUr 9 on whin th^ Sri?? th . e Jd^" 0 . 00 . Scott,3h wounded, when the main body had to retire under pressure from the Bavarians.
hrft^with*t he wooil'ded* C Qn^lv*to,? ha T and „ ro “ ted the '"» m » they regained the house where the capta n had been
wounded, only to find that the oevoted aoctor and all the wounded had been bayoneted to death by the Bavarians durinq
their temporary occupation ot the position.
THE FIRS 7' SEA-FIGHT OF ITS KIND f Continual from
nigh disastrous results, as will be seen later. One more
ripped through a lifeboat and burst in the corner ot the
engine-room casing, missing the wireless operating-room
by a few feet.
The lollowing account of the action itself is taken from
a diary which was written up about two hours alter the
event:
“ One never saw such a scatter as when we sat down to
lunch and action ! 1 was sounded ! Feeling ran high that
this time we were in earnest ; everyone was at Ins post
in the twinkling of an eye. Ten minutes afterwards the
conflict started, at a range of about six miles, both ships
closing rapidly. The din that followed was unnatural and
terrifying, and men’s hearts leaped to their mouths, tor
here was death amongst us. But the heat of work changed
white faces to red. Blood once seen revives savagery in the
human breast, and al) our thoughts, after those first few
moments, were --onceEcrated in the grim work at hand,
which was to sink as speedily as possible the monster
that was vomiting red and steaming arrogantly towards us.
Seamanship that Helped
the Victory
“ By a clever manoeuvre our captain turned the ship round
just as the enemy was bringing his pom-poms into play as
well as the big guns, and brought our starboard battery,
fresh and eager, to bear. Then we turned into demons, in a
scene that had turned diabolical. Screaming shrapnel.
returned by salvos of common shell, splinters everywhere,
lumps of iron, patches of paint, a hurricane of things flying,
hoarse shouting and unintelligible sounds from dry throats,
men discarding garments, and laughing with delirium—over
all a white pall hiding the ghastly work.
Death-dealing Shells
from Ihe Cap Trafalgar
“ What matter that a shot cannoned down the after¬
companion and laid low three of the whip party ? Volunteers
were not wanting to close in the breech and keep up a brisk
supply of ammunition to the hungry guns. Or that a
shot glanced off the shield of No. i gun, past the officer in
charge, and blew away the neck of a corporal of Marines
passing projectiles along the deck, leaving him leaning over
the magazine hatchway, head dangling down, and dripping
blood on to the madmen working below ? Or that a shell
burst by tha feet of a man carrying another one in his
hands ?
“ Word went round that we were on fire forward—the
bridge, m fact, was blazing. A shell had torn through the
cabins below, setting them alight, and the flames by this
time reached and enveloped the bridge, since water could not
be turned on in the first instance, as the main on tlie
lower deck had been shot away. But the ill news was
more than compensated tor by the frenzied announcement
that the enemy was also on fire, and listing, moreover, on
his side. So our main control was gone. The captain,
first lieutenant, and navigating party had to leave the
{Continued on page 846 .)
Page 344
The War lfrustrated , November, 1914.
1
The W<ar Illustrated , 28 th Fdvemter, 1914
Th©^ Germans hav© had more than one “ surprise ” tor their
enemies, but the Allies have also presented a few surprises to
them. One of the most interesting of these, as we have already
seen, were the shallow-*draught war vessels known as monitors,
with the aid of which Great Britain has pronounced a very
decisive negative to the Kaiser's impotent command that his
army of the west should march to Caiais. By steaming rapiuly
in a circular route near to the Belgian coast they can discharge
their heavy guns at the land positions of the enemy with the most
devastating effect. Within the last few aays they have been busy
again attacking the Germans along the coast as far north as Zee-
brugge, with the usual result of making their positions untenable.
Page 346
The TFflr Illustrated , 28 tk November , 1914
THE FIRST SEA-FIGHT OF ITS KIND
bridge to the flames—not before gaining us victory, however,
by the splendid way they handled the ship in heading off
the enemy, preventing him from turning round and bringing
his idle guns on the port side to bear, and by keeping him
on our starboard quarter so we were able to use five of our
guns to his four.
“ The enemy listed a little more, and our work was done ;
his shooting became higher and more erratic, then stopped
altogether. We ceased firing, and turned our attention
to fighting the flames roaring up on high in the fore part of
the ship. Luckily, we were able to stop the engines and
keep the ship before the wind. The bridge and all its
precious fittings and contents were doomed, as also the
cabins below it; the officers who occupied them lost all
their effects. A fireproof door
in the staircase leading to the
lower cabins effectually kept
the fire from spreading in this
direction, otherwise there
might not have been very
much left of tire Carmania.
The action raged hotly for an
hour; after that desultory firing
was continued until the end.
“ Of the two colliers that
accompanied the enemy, one
steamed away at the com¬
mencement of the action and
•was never seen again. The
other, and smaller pf the two,
followed suit until he noticed
the plight of his escort, and
returned to pick up the sur¬
vivors. Anon, an order w T ent
round the decks: ‘ All firemen
dow n below.’ The firemen had
been doing yeoman service,
running hoses and buckets of
water to the scene of fire, just
as the stewards had distin¬
guished themselves by taking
round water and lime-juice to
the guns’ crews under shell
fire, and also helping with
carrying away the wounded.
The reason for this order was
ominous. The yeoman of
signals had sighted smoke on
the horizon to the north, and
made out a bunch of funnels.
It could not but be the
Dresden, or whatever German
cruiser the armed merchant¬
man we fought was in com¬
pany with, returning to the
assistance of her consort, who
had been signalling to her
during the a'ction. A great
pity, indeed, one of our cruisers
was not in touch with us at
the time. What a fine haul it
would have been 1
“ Just as we got the fire
well in hand, and were starting
to run to the American coast, we beheld the most
awe-inspiring sight of our lives—the last moments of an
ocean leviathan. The wounded ship, distant from us
about five miles, suddenly lurched over on the starboard
beam ends, looking for all the world as if she were about
to turn turtle. Lower and lower she went, until her huge
funnels were level with the water, pointing in our direction
like two tunnels side by side, and dense clouds of smoke
and steam escaped from all parts of her as from a volcano
in a high state of activity. As quickly again, the mammoth
righted herself ; down, down went her bows ; up and up
her stern, till quite one-third of the hull stood upright to
the sky, then with a majestic plunge she slid beneath the
waves, game to the end, for the last to disappear was the
German flag.
" A ring of foam, and half a dozen boats crowded with
dark forms, were all that was left at 2 p.m. of the brave
Cap Trafalgar and her ornate saloons and winter gardens,
the ship that conveyed Prince Henry of Prussia on his
triumphant tour to the South American Republics.”
The action thus hung in the balance for nearly an hour.
The Carmania gradually gained the upper hand by superior
rapidity and concentration of fire, and by the skilful
manner in which she was handled. Shrapnel, too, which
the Cap Trafalgar used, does not seem so effective as
common shell, which at short range is almost armour
piercing. The crew of the British ship formed a rate com¬
bination highly suitable to that type of war vessel—a
navigator captain and a gunnery first lieutenant from the
Navy, Reserve officers and men, volunteer engineers and
The casualties of the Car-
mania amounted to nine men
killed and twenty-six wounded
out of four hundred and
twenty-one hands all told, a
low percentage owing to the
wide distribution of the various
parties. The survivors of the
Cap Trafalgar landed at Buenos
Aires consisted of eighteen
officers and two hundred and
ninety-two men, which would
give her casualties at about
eight officers and one hundred
men, if she earned the same
number of men as the Cat-
mania.
Seventy - nine direct hits
were counted on the Carmania,
and innumerable small holes
from splinters; her boats were
riddled, as also masts and
ventilators ; her rigging and
wireless aerial were shot
away.
Rumour has it that the
unknown German cruiser
chased the Carmania for two
days in the direction of Monte
Video, which was the first
course the latter set forth
upon from the scene of the
action, until, under cover of
darkness, she doubled on her
track, making for Abrolhos
Rocks instead.
It is a moot point whether
the Cap Trafalgar did not
fit out entirely as an auxiliary
cruiser at Trinidad, disguis¬
ing herself at the same time
as a Union Castle liner, which
necessitated the removal of
the third funnel, a dummy
put up for appearances only,
like the fourth one of the
Olympic. She certainly did
look as fresh and trim before
the action as if she had only
just stepped out of the pro¬
verbial band - box. At all
events, the German peaceful - commerce destroyer was
to all intents and purposes filling up with coal when the
Carmania bore down on her so unexpectedly, prepara¬
tory, perhaps, to stealing across the Atlantic for the
purpose of preying on the West African trade routes,
where her masquerade would best serve its purpose, in
lieu of the Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse, recently sunk by
H.M.S. Highflyer.
Finally, the use of Trinidad Island as a coaling base by
the scattered units of the German South Atlantic Fleet
constitutes daring effrontery and, one reluctantly adds,
splendid powers of organisation on their part, considering
its nearness to the trading routes of the South Atlantic,
which carry a constant stream of British mercantile ships
both on the east and on the west.
THE LATE FIELD-MARSHAL LORD ROBERTS
Earl Roberts of Kandahar died, on November 14 th, where
he would have wished to die —amid the booming of guns,
beside the Indian troops he loved 80 well, and among whom
so much of his life-work was done. His death sent an Empire
into mourning ; he has an honoured resting-place in St. Paul's
Cathedral, where lie the remains of Wellington and Wolseley.
His work for the Empire is his enduring monument.
Flood and
Fire Annihilate
The War Illustrated, 28 th Aovembcr, 1914 .
the Wurtembergers
A Dutch cartoonist shows a German soldier writing home, and
saying : “ Our advance continues ; our graves now stretch to
the sea.” It is a grim trutn expressed in a cartoon, and in no part
of Belgium are German graves tnicker than around Ypres and in
the valley of the Yser. In the latter a brigade of Wurtembergers
met its end. It was enticed to the attack by a row of enemy caps
skilfully placed, with their owners in ambush elsewhere. The
Wurtembergers advanced to their doom. After a aeadly tire
upon the caps they rushed forward to find that tney had no heads
in them, and to sustain a murderous cross-fire from the Allies’
guns in the middle of which tne sluices were opened, and in a! swirl -
of water the Wurtembergers were snot, drowned, or captured.
Pago 343
The H'ar Illustrated, 28i/i .T ovember-, 1914.
Incidents in the
Terrible Battle of the Coast:
Some of the most violent fighting in the war took place round the town ot Dixmuae,
which these German motor-cars were capsized into a ditch. The photograph on the
shows a Belgian outpost on the roof of an outhouse at a farm in the vicinity.
THE Kaiser’s war lords, undismayed by the
^ most terrible losses in all the history of
armed conflict, keep battering on the iron wall of
British and Belgian determination that bars the
roads to Calais by and near the Belgian coast.
' Germany is estimated to have lost one hundred
thousand men during four day s’ fighting, her only
reward being the heap of ruins that once was
• Dixmude. The Prussian Guard, the veiy flower
of the German Army, was hurled against the
British trenches—only to be beaten back with
shattered pride and a death-roll which defeat
only makes the more awful to contemplate.
The world looks on aghast at a wai-lust that
pours out blood and that makes widows and
orphans in this purposeless fashion. This mili¬
tary madness means the suicide of an army.
The German soldiery occupy this Belgian town, and they have post^ ®
company of soldiers on the roof of the town-hall to watch for the appear¬
ance of British troops expected to come to the attack.
Against the sky the aeroplane furnishes a clear, though uncertain, mark. On the left, French Marines, beside the ruined church
at Dixmude, are aiming at a German Taube overhead; and, on the right, the anti-aircraft high-angle gun on a Britteh-Belfliai*
train is attempting to bring to earth one of these horneta of the sky.
Page 349
The War Illustrated, 28 th November, 1914.
The Frantic
Effort to Hack a Way to Calais
ooom in a pri ate house in Niejport where the destruction caused
by a German shell during the battle was complete.
A photograph of the Con -ent o. the bisters of the Poor at
Nieuport, showing the outer wall demolished by a German shell
during the the fierce cannonading of the Battle of the Coast.
A few weeks ago this was the beautiful Church of St. Nicholas at Pervyse, near Dixmude. f\ow it is wnat you see in ti
Inset: Ruined tombs in the churchyard at Ramscapelle, near oixmudej where the priest regards the havoc made by war in
An ingenious field defence prepared by Austrians. Behind the barb-wire
entanglements the ground was scooped into holes, each of which held a spike.
The result to a body of cavalry charging through this can be easily imagined.
rage 350
The irrrr Illustrated. 23th November, 1914
The Treachery and Trickery of our Enemies
An empty barrel mounted on a wheelbarrow, and
placed in position so that a reconnoitring airman
would imagine that a big mortar was concealed here.
A concrete bed on the French frontier secretly prepared by Germans in time
of peace for their big guns to bombard French positions. It is hidden under
water, and the single-line railway was designed to transport the guns to it.
under 8 ©? 'overan v ih* dev ice whereby the car can ride Effigy of a Belgian, on which the Germans practised
der or over any wires placed across the road to obstruct its passage. shooting — to improve their wretched marksmanship.
Page 351
The War Illustrated , 28 th November, 1914.
How Holland Preserves her Neutrality
German soldiers, seen in this photograph, a3 well as British naval men, prisoners under 'nternational law in Holland till the
1 Belgian and British fighting men, are interned in Holland. end of the war, playing football against a Dutch team at Groningen.
While the sympathies of the Dutch are with Great Britain and her allies in the war, national policy dictates the maintenance of strict
neutrality. This photograph, taken at Harderwyk, show3 one of the great camps where Britons and Belgians are well cared for.
i Holland guards her frontier to see that no belligerents use her territory and to ensure that any combatants crossing into nolland may
be detained there. These two camera records show a railway and a roadway on the frontier effectively barred against trespass.
Tagc 352
The War Illustrated, 28 th November , 1914.
Short Shrift for Spies at the Battle-Front
The Germane rely upon spies as much as they do on their soldiers.
This drawing was finished from a sketch made by a British officer
at Sir John French’s headquarters. Some British soldiers in a
Rolls-Royce car were attracted by the suspicious movements of a
Red Cross man and woman whom they met motoring near the
British lines. The suspicious pair were stopped and examined.
Their papers were unsatisfactory, and they were found to be
Germans. Then the supposed woman proved to be a man. and,
confronted with an accumulation of evidence, they confessed their
real business—that of spies. The drawing shows their end.
Page 353 V'Ae TP>ht Illustrated, 28fh November, 1914.
Taking an Army through snow-blocked Passes
Hannibal crossed the Alps and invaded the heart of the Roman
Empire; Alexander surmounted the passes of the Hindu Kush,
and took his Macedonian legions to India; Napoleon .imitated
Hannibal, and crossed the Alps to Italy. The Russians of to-day
have performed a similar feat of army transport. A Russian
column, composed of ail three arms, surmounted the mountain
passes of the Caucasus, which were thickly covered with snow,
in their advance against the Turks towards Erzerum, where
their front against the enemy extends over one hundred miles.
The Russian transport organisation- is excellent and efficient.
The TT^ir Illustrated, 28 th November, 1914.
Pago ^54
Our Splendid Royal Artillery at the Front
THE work of tlio Royal Artillery on the battlefields of Franee
1 has been magnificent, and has earned warm tributes
from Sir John French who,in one of his despatches, wrote:
“ On former occasions I have brought to your Lordship’s
notice the valuable services performed during this campaign
by the Royal Artillery. Throughout the Battle of the Aisne
they have displayed the same skill, endurance, and tenacity,
and I deeply appreciate the work they have done.”
Not only by the accuracy of their fire has our artillery
covered itself with glory, but also the intrepid daring of the
individual men has been outstanding, and many officers
and men have been “mentioned in despatches.”
This photograph was taken in France as a battery of the British field artillery was proceeding to take up a position for action. Field
guns proper are generally of 3 in. or 3'3 in. calibre, and are mounted so that when fired they do not move and require relaying.
A British field piece in action, showing its caisson or ammunition waggon. Field guns are fitted witn shields to protect the men working
them against bullets from the enemy's rifles and shrapnel fire. The range of the guns varies from 5,500 yards to 9,000 yards.
A heavier type of artillery than the field gun or howitzer can be transported only with some difficulty over good roads or hard ground.
A battery of heavy artillery consists of four guns, each weighing 39 cwt., throwing 60 lb. shells, with a maximum range of 10,000 yards.
Page 355
All Big Guns used in
The War Illustrated, 28 th November, 1914.
the War are not German
l-IEAVY artillcVy plays a great part
in the war, and the Germans
have produced some artillery surprises.
If their rifle practice were as good as
their big-gun practice, the Allies would
hare a much more desperate task in
front of them.
Sir John French, in his despatch of
October 8tli, reported that the Germans
were Using in the field 8 in. siege-
guns with a range of 10,000 yards, lie
also stated that, on September 25th,
he received the four 6 in. howitzer
batteries for which he had asked, and
that they were brought into action on
the. following day with very good results.
The picture on.the right shows a 6 in.
howitzer of the Royal Garrison Artillery,
which throws a shell of 100 lb. weight.
Very heavy guns are difficult to .use
for field work, as they lack the neces¬
sary -mobility required in a swaying
battle.-line that may ’advance or. retire
from day to day, but in the war now
waging the difficulties of transport
have been overcome as never before,
thanks principally to motor-traction.
One of the British 6 in. field howitzers sent to Sir John French to enable him to
reply to the German 8 in. guns at the Aisne. It outfought the Krupp weapons.
One of the new movable" French batteries that require a railway track on which to move. The photograph shows the special
observation tower, the two howitzers on their turn-tables, and the ammunition waggon belonging to each.
Ilustrated in the picture above. It fires at a high angle if necessary, and the
The arms seen extended at the side widen the base and give greater stability.
A nearer view of one of the French howitzers
gunners are protected by an armour shield.
Page 356
of Hostilities:
THE Russian Army is proving itscli
• a thoroughly .effective fighting
instrument. Defect's revealed'By the
experience in Manchuria have been
remedied in the meantime, and the
ardour of an intense patriotism, skil¬
fully directed, has given our Russian
ally great and far-reaching successes
against the German and Austrian
enemy.
Cracow is the stepping-stone to
Breslau, and Breslau is next door
but one to Berlin. There is hard
fighting to be done before even Cra¬
cow is taken, but progress is being
made, and we have no more right to
be impatient with Russia’s progress
than Russia has to be impatient of
our advance in France and Belgium.
The German fighting is severe on
both frontiers, and while a trium¬
phant issue is not in doubt, victory
will be easv in neither field of war. .
The TT<ir fllustratal, 28 (h November, 1814.
Scenes from the Eastern Area
A scene with the Russian army in ading Galicia, where Cossacks have brought into
camp a troop of commandeered horses for inspection by an army committee.
A bridge in Poland which was destroyed
by the Germans durinq their retreat to
their own frontier after their advance
almost to the gates of Warsaw.
The city of Cracow, the ancient capital and still the intellectual centre of Poland, is
being invested by the troops cf the Tsar. The photograph shows the principal strset
anc the Cloth Hall. No other Polish town has so many old historio buildings, or so
many national relics.
A Cossack scout giving particulars gleaned by him
in a reconnaissance to hi' commander, who i9 follow¬
ing his descriptions by the help of a map.
Although the national sympathy of the Polish population is with Russia, yet
Germany has many Pole i in her Army, and thi9 photograph shows a
group of Polish officers whose extreme youthfulness will be remarked.
Pago Zy)1
The-War Illustrated , 28 th November , 1914 .
Our Russian Allies and the Foes they are Facing
antry behind earthworks, carefully prepared for
Each soldier carries a spade for trench-digging.
A scene in the eastern theatre of war, where a Japanese war
correspondent appears in company with some Russian officers.
Vf *****
The IFVzr Illustrated. 28 tk November, 1914.
Page 358
C
® C i
t-C
Z a.-?.
■5-o
V CIS ®
C
to "o c
1
Pago 359
The War Illustrated, 28 th November, 1914.
Searchlights Assist Work of Rescuing Wounded
IF modern war has reduced the making of death into a
1 science, it has also produced or called intoactive practice
a new science of mercy. In former wars death by disease
was often more appalling than death by fire and sword.
Sanitary science, medical and surgical science, and
hygiene, have changed all that, so that now the health of
the fighting soldier and of his wounded comrade is a matter
not only of prime concern, but also of highly successful
care by the organisation that guides the fighting machine.
These two pictures show how a powerful searchlight is
used by the French Army to rescue its wounded just as
searchlights are also used to disclose enemy positions.
This photograph shows one of the powerful searchlights used by the French Army to enable them to discover where me wounoeo
the day’s battle are lying when darkness falls, so that they may be rescued and cared for.
wm* M
mmded after dark, quided by the strong searchlight seen in the upper photograph. The aearoh
• < n._ j u _ i — ,4 ruo m in thoin i*Atom to their own lines with the11* pathetic burdens.
Fren rg h h rs'b d ; 6 w r s S ^hem where the w'ohhded*fle 1 1 ''and U rt al’so'guldes them In tlielr return to their own lines with
A section of the British Colonial Horse, who have gone to the plains of Belgium to do their share in the work of defending the
Empire of which they are such worthy citizens. The men paid their own passage to Belgium.
The JT T </>' I Unrated, 28 th November, 1914.
Pa are 360
Brave Britons from Oversea in the Field of War
*
Some of the British Colonials rushing a farmhouse near Dixmude believed to be held by a force of Germans. They had to advance
across the open without cover, always a manoeuvre attended with risk of meeting a deadly fire.
attacking force unnecessarily, and not to allow the Germans to escape to safety. Hence the circumspection with which these Colonials
are approaching, ready to shoot quickly, if necessary, but reserving their fire while they watch every avenue of possible escape.
1
King George, followed by Queen Mary, passing down between two lines or wounded Indian warriors who have reached
convalescence again, and are far on the way to physical fitness for a renewal of their active duties at the front.
Page 361 The War Illustrated, 28 th y ovemher, 1914 .
King-Emperor and Queen among the Wounded
King George and Queen Mary visiting the wounded
Indians at their camp in the New Forest.
The King talking in hospital to a wounded
soldier who is as handy with the knitting
needles as he is with the rifle.
JTOR reasons o£ State, King George is not
* permitted by his constitutional advisers
to go to the battle-front; but the Prince of
Wales has assumed the burden of arms,
an l has now proceeded to the area of war to
perform what military duties may be
entrusted to him. But King George and
his gracious Queen are assiduous in what
duties their responsibilities allow them to
assume.
Foremost in every good work'for the com
fort of our fighting men and for the welfare
of those depen lent on them, their Majestic-;
exhibit their sympathetic interest in seein;
that the woundc 1 men who have risked li e ;u
their cause are well cared for. These photo¬
graphs were taken during the Royal visit
to the hospital and camp in the New Forest,
where the wounded Indian soldiers were the
special objects of their solicitude.
One of our wounded Indians, in whose case Queen Mary is exnibiting an
interest during her visit to the hospital in the New Forest.
Lt.-Com. Hon. P. R. H. D. WIL-
LOUGHBY. H.M.S. Monmouth.
Rear-Ad uuai LKADOCK.
H.M.S. Good Hope.
Lieut. D. F. O’C. BRtDIE.
Submarine D5.
Com. WALTER SCOTT
H.M.S. Good Hope
The first, British naval reverse of tile war took place on November 1st. when the Good
Hope and the Monmouth, fighting against fearful odds, were sunk off the roast of ( l.ili
by the German Srharnhorst. Gneisenau, Leipzig, Dresden, and Nuernberg. The entire
complement, of olficers and men went down with their ships' alter putting up a gallant
fight, the issue of which went against them by reason of the much superior gun-power
of the German ships.
Hear Admiral *ir Christopher G. F. M. Cradock. K.C.V.O.. C.B., went down in th w
Good Hope. He was an officer whose abilities and gallantry had carried him to high
honour in the Service, and he was also the author of several books. Horn in 1802. lie
served in the Soudan, in the Royal Yacht, on the Transport service at the opening of tlie
Itoer War. in China (where he was promoted captain for gallantryat Taku). became
A.D.C. to the King, and finallv. in 11)M). Hear Admiral. He was decorated for gallantry
in saving life at sea m connection with the wreck of the DelJji.
Lieut. D. I’. O’C. Brodie was the only officer lost in the sinking or the Submarine Df>
by a German mine as she pursued on the surface the German ships that ventured to drop
a few.shells on Yarmouth beach on November 3rd. and Assist.-Baymaster M. W. Hart
was one of the three killed and twenty missing that constituted the casualty list of the
old cruiser Hermes that was used as a seaplane-carrying ship, and that was sunk by a
German submarine as she was returning from Dunkirk on October 30th.
Com 6. D LOKJbES,
H.M.S. Monmouth
Secietaiy G. B OWENS.
H.M.S Good Hope
Ast.-Paymastei M. W HART.
H.M.S. Hermes
Cadet 0. MUSUKAVE
H.M.S Monmouth
'Photos by Bassanb, Russell & Sons, Lajayette, Ueath, Swainc, Elliott & Fry.)
Com. A T. DARLEY
H.M.S. Good Hope
Lieut.-Com. H. D. COLLINS,
H.M.S, Monmouth.
Capt. F. BRANDT.
H.M S. Monmouth.
Lieut. M. J. H. BAGOT.
H.M.S Monmouth
Lieut -Com G. E. GUMMING.
H M.S Good Hope
Lieut. D. C. TUDOR.
H.M.S. Good Hope.
Lieut. L. A MONTGOMERY.
H.M.S. Good Hope
Capt. G. M. 1. HERFORD.
R.M.L.I.. H.M.S. Monmouth
The iri7r Illustrated, 2 November 1914.
Pago 362
Lost under the White Ensign
Pago 363
The War lllu&trated, 28 ih November, 1914.
Fallen on the Field of Honour
Major the Hon. H. J. FRASER,
Scots Guards
Maj. Lord BERNARD C. GORDON- Capt. E. R. HAYES SADLER,
LENNOX, Grenadier Guards. 8th Gurkhas.
Capt. A. A. L. STEPHEN:
Scots Gaards.
Capt. GEORGE M. JAMES, Capt. the Hon. A. E B. O’NEILL.
The Buffs. M.P., 2nd Lite Guards
Capt. M. CRAWSHAY,
5th Dragoon Guards.
Capt. 0. C. S. GILLIAT.
Ride Biigade.
Lieut E. C. L. HOSKYNS,
Royal Welsh Fusiliers
Major the Hon. H. J. Fraser. M V.O.. was brother of I.or<l T.ovat. ami distinguished
himself in the South African War. For four years he was adjutant to J.ovat s Scouts,
and from 11)10 to llllii he was A.D.C. to the Viceroy of India. lord Bernard (.union-
Lennox was the third son of the Duke of Richmond and Gordon. Educated at
Eton and Sandhurst, he joined the Grenadier Guards in 1SD8. and served in South
Africa and in China. ^ . tl ...
Cant, the Hon. Arthur E. B. O'Neill. Unionist M.P. for Mid-Antrim was the eldest
son and heir of the second Baron O'Neill, and was the lirst Member of Parliament
to fall in the war He won distinction in South Africa. Mr. A. H. K. Burn, of the
1st Royal Dragoons, was one of the giant officers 01 the British Army, being -six leet
five inches tall. • ,
Captain James, of the Buffs, was a grandson of the late Lord Justice James, and
of Sir John Millais. He was formerly in the Northm; her and Imeihers, and
fought in the South African War In 1011 he was appointed brigade-major in
South Africa, and on iiis return to England last September lie was appointed
Brigade Major of the 22ud Infantry Brigade. Caj)t. Mcrvyn ( rawsha.v. oi the ;>th
Dragoon Guards, was one of the best horsemen in the British Army, and was a
well-known polo plaver. He was Tournament Champion, and was m England s
trio for King Edward’s Cup at the Hors? Show, won by the Russian Army.
Capt. A. W. M. ONSLOW,
16th Lancers
Lieut. E. R. WARING,
King’s RoyaJ Rifle Corps.
Lieut. G. G. MARSHALL,
11th Hussars.
Lieut. G H. COX,
King's Own Scottish Borderers.
Lieut. F. W J. M MILLER.
Grenadier Guards
Sec.-Lieat. R. 0. M. G-.BB3
Scots Guards
Sec.-Lieut. A. H. R. BURN,
1st Royal Dragoons
.-Lieut. C. W. TUFNELL.
Grenadier Guards
Lieut. A. R. A. LEGGETT.
North Staffs Regt
A K. NICHOLSON
18 th Hussars
Lit at. J. VANCE,
Essex Regt
See.-Lieut, E. R. 0. aiONE,
Royal Welsh Fusiliers.
Grenadier Guards scots uuaras
(.Photos iff Swaine. Lambert Weston, Bdiott 1-ry, Lajayelte. UMs <fc Saunders. Basrano. Sport * General. Barnett, Chancellor. Russell. Speaiuht, Vandyh).
The lFur Illustrated, 28 th November, 1914.
HOW THE WAR
The Russian Check at Kut-io
IN the third week of November things seemed to be
going badly with the main Russian army in Poland.
On Friday. November 13th, fortune was still smiling on
General Russky, the victor of Lemberg and Ivangorod,
Radom and Kiclcc. His advance guards on the right
centre won Rypin. close to the great German fortress of
Thorn, and the German defences on the lower reaches of
the Warta were turned.
* * *
gUT the Hanoverian General von Hindenburg, to whom
the Kaiser had entrusted the management of affairs
in the eastern theatre of war, resolved on a bold stroke.
By means of the strategical German railway system, he
collected Hungarian horsemen from Lille, German troops
from Silesia, and reserves from Central Germany. Then,
re-forming and stiffening the men beaten at Warsaw and
Ivangorod, he again invaded Russian Poland on a fifty-mile
front between Thorn and the Warta.
* * *
B Y , Wednesday, November 19th, he had covered half
the distance towards Warsaw. The right wing of
the Russian centre had countered the attack at Kutno on
Tuesday, November 17th. but had lost the dav, and been
bent back. All Berlin held holiday to celebrate the
German victory, and the Kaiser proclamicd that he was
proud with joy. In Petrograd also there was quiet rejoicing,
especially among men expert in military operations, which
is an unusual way oi receiving news ol a defeat.
* * *
The Wild Adventure of Germany
S the Russians saw it, their reverse at Kutno was the
happy augury of an unexpectedly rapid termination
ol the tussle between the Slav and Teutonic Empires.
J hey had looked forward to a long, difficult siege war near
the Geiman frontier, where they would have to sacrifice
hundreds ol thousands of men in bitter, stubborn frontal
attacks But General Hindenburg, by swiftly resuming
the offensive with his beaten troops, had saved them this
trouble The military pride ol the German nation and
the individual self-interest of the Prussian Junker caste
had prevailed over all sound considerations of strategy.
* * *
JT was Rcnncnkampf’s return into East Prussia which
had dnectly brought about the new advance oi the
main German army into Russian Poland. Alter a series
of victories all along the Prussian eastern frontier, from the
Baltic coast to the Masunan Lake region. Rennenkampf
had suddenly turned the German de enccs by sending
behind them a second force up front Soldau towards
Allcnstem Then, with winter coming on and the Prussian
marshlands freezing and hardening to bear troops and
guns, Rennenkampf looked like having both East and
West Prussia at his mercy as far as Thorn and Dantzic.
* * *
The Grand Battle of West Poland
yA LL this, however. was only a secondary operation, and
it was thought the German Military Staff would give
up Prussia for the time and concentrate on the de'ence of
Silesia, But the Prussian landed gentry again had their
way. as in the case ol Rennenkampf’s first raid. Every
available man on the eastern front of war was collected near
Thorn, and hurled again into Russian Poland, to clear the
southern Prussian border while advancing towards Warsaw.
By this means Rennenkampf’s turning movement in the
south, near Soldau was menaced as soon as the Battle of
Kutno had been won.
* * *
A LL *11, greatly favoured the decisive operations of
General Russky’s vast main army The Russian
commander again had his enemy in the roadless, railless.
WAGES:
Page 304
THE STORY OF THE
GREAT CONFLICT
TOLD WEEK BY WEEK
wasted Polish plain, with the Gorman network of railways
three days’ march in the rear. Only on the left German
wing, running through Prussia, could rail transport be used,
and with Rennenkampf ready to counter any hooking
movement from that direction, the Russian centre gave
battle to the German centre on Thursday, November 19th.
It was expected that a week or ten days would pass before
the decision was fought out. From the German point of
view, it was the supreme struggle of the war, for a serious
defeat would mean a rapid Russian invasion of both Silesia
and the Posen province. For Russia, a possible defeat
only meant another withdrawal behind the Vistula.
* * *
The Gigantic Russ'an Effort
AT this period of the war Russia stood forth in her full
strength, with the fighting men of a hundred races
under her banner. In -Europe her firing-line stretched
some twelve hundred miles, from Morncl on the Ba'tic coast
to Czernowitz near the Rumanian frontier. At practically
every point on this immense front severe fighting was
going on. The Austrians and Hungarians were being
attacked on the cold Carpathian fastnesses ; their great
fortresses were being invested, and the path to Silesia was
cleared round Cracow by the rout oi an Austrian force on
November 17th. Troops were also collected on the Black
Sea for de'ence or transport, and a front of three hundred
miles was strongly held in Caucasia and Armenia against
the Turkish army. Here the Russians had advanced
towards Lake Van on the east, and bombarded Trebizond
on the west.
* * *
The British Victory at Ypres
TEST before the Germans resumed the offensive against
*1 the Russians on the Warta, they made a desperate
attempt to case their position on the western battle-front.
All along they had been compellel to keep in France and
Belgium nineteen out of their twenty-five anny corps of
troops of the first line. Thus only six of these corps had
been available lor use against the Russians, and the invasion
of Poland had mainly to be conducted with troops of the
territorial class. In the hope of treeing nroro first-line
men. two brigades of the finest corps in Germany — the
Prussian Guard—which had been re-made since its destruc¬
tion in the marsh of Saint Gond, near Paris-^werc launched
against the British lines near Ypres on November nth.
* * *
T he Prussians took our outer trenches at a heavy cost,
but then came upon our reserves, and were flung
back in a bayonet charge and shrapnelled as they withdrew.
The two brigades of the Prussian Guards appear to have
been in the end destroyed by the British soldiers opposing
them Hall the famous corps must have been put out of
action for the third time in the war. Few of its original
members survived, and the new recruits — though they die
very bravely — did not seem to have the exceptional fighting
skill of their predecessors.
* * - *
gY the middle of November the German commander-in-
chief in Belgium and Northern France gave over
frying to force a decision. The severe Russian pressure
on Eastern Germany was tolling on the enemy's western
lines From the sea-shore to the Vosges the war went on
in the slow modern siege fashion, the Allies remaining
chiefly on the defensive The German heavy guns kept up
a violent cannonade but round Ypres the hostile batteries
were outranged bv the Bntish ordnance, and the German
infantry had to maintain an appearance of being on the
offensive by attacking our trenches. But in all cases the
Germans were repulsed, a couple of British battalions or a
British brigade being sufficient to throw them back.
Sapping, land-mining dvke-cutting proceeded but nothing
important happened except the continual attrition of a
rftilhon German troops ol the first line backed by another
million of territorial soldiers and hall-trained recruits.
The War Illustrated , 28 th IV ocember, 1914.
iii
Winter in the Trenches
By The Editor
\V 7 INTER lias come upon the North of France and the corne r
” of Belgium where our regiments are holding their own so
bravely against the renewed German attack to hack a way
through to Calais. As 1 write this, the paper beside me has a
headline which says : " Battle in a snow-storm.”
Think what that means 1 The weather is now doing its best
to add to the d scomforts caused by the most inveterate enemy
whom we ever fought.
We cannot prevent our men being the target of German guns
and the object of attack of the Prussian Guard, but we can,
at least, do something to add to their comtort. They have
plenty to eat — our Government sets to that. They are properly
and warmly clothed. 11 we were to take a vote of the ranks’
as to what act of kindness they would appreciate most, the
answer would be unanimous: “Give us plenty to smoke.”
1 am trying to do it, and 1 want your assistance. 1 do not
expect each reader to contribute every week, but I do want
every one of you to send me some sixpences frequently. Don’t
you think it time YOU helped me a bit ? If you have not yet
helped, the best time is now. It you have already helped,
can you spare some more ?
You have sent me over seven thousand sixpences during the
week and 1 have added my contribution of over seven hundred
shilling pipes. Turn over to the back page and you will see
what is being done by other readers.
Remember that a sixpence delivers into the hands of a soldier
at the front.as- much, tobacco as he could buy lor onp-and-
sixnencc in a tobacco shop.
Then send me your sixpences.
Lord Kitchener as the Germans see him.
No fewer than 22 striking War Cartoons are to be found
in this week’s issue of HORNERS WEEKLY . Th
Editor of that well-known journal has made arrangements
o secure the best War Cartoons from the Britisi} and
ioreign Fre-s, and these will be publ shed week by week.
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O .tiers p ouiptly de-r utelied UUARWTXKD HR T-S I MAKE TUUOEGHJCT.
TH£ SUPPORTING BRACE & BELT CO. (Belt Dept.),
21 Eton Road, Ilford. LONDON.
IMPROVE YOUR FIGURE!
Both men nud women can improve the appearance,
and ensure sound health by wearing the
SHOULDER BRACE
practical REMEDY for STOOPING.
SHOULDERS, NARROW CHESTS.
Gent's. 3/-. Post
free. In Dove.
Slate waist size.
The only
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and Chest development that wakes a coat "sit”
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tlie present sty : e of low-cut Corset, aiuch teavi
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StVCS
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Post free. In
White or
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corset size.
•’Scientific Press. Ltd.." Editor of ■Cycling." Editress of •• Weldon’*. - .
• gMbiona(or All." ola U 'Ucr I4.Z«J
Mode in light but strong Gyu til. -with Elastic Armholes, neatly boned f - shoul.hr support.
11.-st ENGLISH make and finish. Easily adjusted. most enufo. table nod uupaoeptihh-when
dressed. Morn-y refunded in full under guarantiee AFTER SEN EN DA^WEAR if not
entirelyaak&sfautxny. ALL GOODS SENT IN PLAIN w ltAlTbL
TUE SUPPORTING BRA I: & IIEI.T CO.. II. Elon Him', lllnrd. I. union.
Highly recommended by the Medical Faculty.
Ltd.." Editor of •Cycling." EJitrcsa of "Weldon'*."
1
fv
The War Illustrated.
28th November, 1914.
Fill Our Soldiers’ Pipes and Keep Them Filled
A Sixpence Will Buy One-and-Sixpence Worth of “Smokes”
This picture shows what,each soldier gets
Letters from our men in the fighting-line
show that our “ Something-to-Smoke ” ’Fund
is just-what was wanted. It has given' our
brave men untold pleasure — how much
pleasure in the midst of extreme discomfort
will never b 6 known.
• For every five shillings subscribed we add
a shilling pipe, and over 2,000 shilling pipes
have already been forwarded to the men in
the ranks of fire.
A sixpence delivers into the hands of a
soldier two cakes of tobacco and ten cigarettes
—the parcel being worth about is: fid. in this
country. Sixpence can do so much because
no duty is paid on the goods, so that every
sixpence goes in tobacco and cigarettes, none
in taxes.
How many sixpences can you send ?
How many can you collect ?
How many soldiers will you make happy ?
Every package paid for by a sixpence sent
by you will have your name and address on
it, so that the soldier who gets it will know
whom he has to' thank.
It would require over £ 10,000 a week to.
give every soldier at the front a packet every
week. Thus we want as much as we can get.
especially since our men are now confronted
with the rigours of winter, and they want
cheering at their hard job more than ever.
Please send your postal-orders addressed to
Tiie War Illustrated
“ Something-to-Smokc ” Fund,
'Ihe Flectvtfay House,
’ Farringdon Street,
London, K.G.
And don’t forget to put your name and addiress.
If you would like a collecting-sheet so that
you' can get your friends to help with sub¬
scriptions. please ask for one at the same time.
Donations Received during the Ninth Week of the Fund
Special Collections
This, the ninth week of our “ Something-
to-Smoke ” Fund, has brought us £183 19 s.
7 d., which will provide a packet of smoking
pleasure to more than 7,000 “ Tommies,” and
we. are adding over 700 pipes as our con¬
tribution. The total sum since the fund
started is enough to give a present to each of
nearly 70,000 soldiers in the firing-line.
Miss M. McArthur, £6 ; Miss A. Braid, £5 2s. ;
Marjorie Blenkinsdp and Butty Martin, £5 ; Mr.
Jt. Burns, £5 ; Mr It. M. Caiman, £5 ; Mr. W.
Derrick £4 16s. ; Anss P. Puke, £4 4s. ; Mrs,
James Arthur, £3 10s. 3d. ; Miss L. K. Bounin,
£3 10s. ; Mr. E. Owens, £3 8 s. ; Mr. Jns. Tweedy,
£3 ; Miss OJive Pearson (aged 12), £2 16s. 6 d. :
Mr. Thos. Gordon,-£2 17s. 6 d. ; Mr. John Hynd.
£2 16s.; Miss M. Fraekleton, £2 10s. 6 d.:
“ The Little Hunters, £2 10s. 6 d. ; Mi>s Blaise,
£2 10s. ; Miss M. Drummond, £2 6 s. : Miss M. L.
Rowell, £2 5s. 6 d. ; Miss A. l'.ley, £2 2s. ; Mrs.
Mabel Bamford, £2 Is. 3d. ; Mis> Mary Schofield,
£1 16s. 6 d. ; Mis. J. Maddern, £1 16s. : Miss \ .
Thurlow. £1 14s. ; Mr. II. Chisiett, £1 12s. ; Mr.
James Atkinson, £1 11s. 6 d. ; Mis. Harrison,
£111s. ; Mr. A. E. Light, £110s. ; Mr. G. T. Piper,
£1 8 s. 6 d. ; Mr. H. J. S. Hilton, £1 7s. 6 d. ; Mr.
F. T. Smith, £1 7s. 6 d. ; Miss Jardine Dobie,
£1 3s. 6 d. ; Miss A. Stanford, £1 3s. 6 d. : .Air. E.
Lindsay, £1 lsl 7d. ; Miss Elsie Andrews, £1 Is. ;
Miss D. II. Hudson, £1 Is. ; Miss Gladys Newman,
£1 Is. ; Mrs. Angel, £1*; Miss L. Cook, £1 ; Miss
E. E. Dutton, £1 ; Master G. X. Sheffield, £1 ;
Miss McGecchan,- 19s. ; Miss W. Wattevson, 18s. :
Miss 0. Brunton, 17s. 6 d. ; Mr. It. Jones, 17s. 6 d. ;
Miss Maud Holmes, 17s. ; Master p. it. Bishop,
16s. 6 d. ; Master G. Parish, 16s. 3d. ; Miss Mary
Marshall, 18s. ; Mr. W Marker, 15s. : Miss Wil-
lock Pollen,- 14s. ; Mbs I. Valley, 13s. 6 d. ; Miss
N7 Stevenson, 13s. ; Miss M. Chambers, 12s. 6 d. ;
Mrs: F. M. Pratt, 12s. 6 d. ; Miss A. Dick,’11s. ;
Miss R. Eaton, 11s. ; Mrs. Young, 11s. ; Mr.
Bernard Fuller, 10s. 6 d. ; Miss E. C. JefTcoat,
10s. 6 d. ; Miss G. B. Young, 10s. 8 d. ; Mbs A.
Guyton, 10s. ; Miss Minnie Neale, 10s. ; Miss
Rose Miller. 93 . 3d. ; Air. AI. Brooks, 9s. ; Miss
Mabel Pope, 8 s. 6 d. ; Miss A. Tucker, 8 s. ; Aliss
Dorothy * A verill, 7s. 6 d. ; Master T. Mawson, 7s. ;
Miss E. J. \Y. Wylie, 7s. ; Aliss Helena Rowland,
6 s. ;. Mr. N. G. Grainger, 6 s. 6 d. : Mrs. W. G.
Ward, 63 . ; Miss K. Wishart, 5s 6 d. ; Mr. Robt.
Wood, 5s. 6 d. ; Miss Ethel.Bulleir, 5s. ; Mr. 0. F.
Franks, 5s. ; Air. H. Phillips. 5s. ; Air. L. Raven-
hill.-5s. ; Air. James Ed. Wells, 5s. ; Mrs. B. Ball,
4s. 9d. ; Aliss M. A. Brierley, 4s. 6 d. ; Mr. C. J.
Lawson, 4s. ; Air. A. Whitehead, 4s. ; Mr. R.
Johnson,.3s. 6d. ; Mrs. Field, 3s. ; Air. W. A.
Walsh, 2s. 6d. ; Mr. H. Turner, Is.
Donations
1 Donation of £4 3s. 6d.=l67 presents for
/ > soldiers,
i Collected by E. Forbes.
1 Donation of £2=80 presents for soldiers.
! Collected by John E. Harland in the village of
Levisham. > r >
1 Donation of £1 5s. =50 presents for
soldiers.
Per Mrs. H. Bank (Miss'A: Cragg, Russia).
2 Donations of £1 Is. =84 presents for
soldiers.
Mrs. E. H. French (collected by G. F. Nettlcton
from Alessrs. Lcgg & Millard and employees).
3 Donations of £1 =120 presents for soldiers.
'Else and Karen Bergmann (10 and 10 years) ;
Airs. H. B. Hederstedt, Mrs. A. Birrell, 10s. ; and
Mr. and Mrs. Madell. 10s.
1 Donation of 17s. 6s. =35
soldiers.
Per William Hudson (subscribed by the servants
at Greyfriars).
1 Donation of 16s. 6d.=33 presents for
soldiers.
Per W. Hency (boys of Sandracn Boys’ School).
1 Donation of 15s. =30 presents for soldiers.
Nurse Palmer.
1 Donation of 12s. 6d. 23 presents for
soldiers - .
Collected by Florence Carver.
2 Donations of 12s. =48 presents for soldiers.
Per K. Rawlings (Hie girls of Albert Road Higher
Grade School, Aston); collected by D. M. Sawyers.
1 Donation of 12s. =24 presents for soldiers.
Collected by Herbert Ives from Yorkslureinen
in Boston, U.S.A., 10s. ; and Arthur Kingdon and
Owen Reynolds.
1 Donation of ICs. 6d.=21 presents for
soldiers.
Airs. J. W. Hooson.
16 Donations of 10s. =320 presents for
soldiers.
B. M. Farquhar ; per S. C. Ridput (the scholars
of Barnet County Council School, Barnet) ; J. It.
Golf; (G. P., F. R., B. L., H. F., H. E., E. J.);
Rose M. Cranshay ; Aliss Florence Douglas ; J.
Hodges ; (Albert Smith and Robert Thomas) ; the
Pool House, Groby ; Mrs. Deuchar; the Misses
Forbes and Mable ; M. T. H. ; per Mrs. R.
Milliken (pupils of Lindsay Road Schools, Dublin);
S. Robinson ; Ethel Tindale
*
2 Donations of 7s. =28 presents for soldiers.
Edith Johnson, Mrs. Fox, Gerty Clinton, Tom
Twigg, Milly Lake, Mr. Johnson, Aliss Booker,
Elsie Laight, C’Lssie Laight, Lily Serrell, John
Turbot, and K. Booker ; Airs. K. Alesham and
household.
1 Donation of 8s. =16 presents for soldiers.
Wm. Hy. McCarthy.
1 Donation of 6s. 6d.=13 presents for
soldiers.
Two Friends.
3 Donations of 6s. =36 presents for soldiers.
Lizzie Armstrong ; A. Avery : Two Friends.
39 Donations of 5s. =390 presents for
soldiers.
An unknown donor, per the Kirkintilloch Boy
Spouts, Scotland ; Ethel A: Ford ; Miss E. Cooper ;
the Misses Cardwell; E. A. Halestrap: Madge
Lavington ; Miss Ravenscroft; Anonymous ;
Mr. A. Aspin and Family ; W. Bell ; Miss Maud
Cook; W. H. Else!on ; Airs. How; collected by
Miss A. M. Hunt; Rev. F. C. Hughes ; Aliss Alice
M. Howland ; J. G. Jones ; M. Uriel ; an Irish
Reader; (Percy Walton Renshaw and Arthur
Clarence Renshaw); Miss AI. JO. Smyth ; Annie
Scotson (aged 11); employees at Woodcote Grove,
Epsom ; Miss E. Bolton ; Georgina and Rodney
Brown ; A. Bosworth ; Miss E. M. Gooch ; James
Howtey; Mrs. At. Mayson; Airs. E. Taylor;
Alaster R. WooLstencroft; (M. A. B., A. E. B.,
and A. L. N.); K. Arro 1 ; Miss Goold ; Thomas
Isherwood ; L. A. Judge ; Roland B. Main ; Emmie
Sobey ; Johnina A. Whyte
1 Donation of 4s. 6d. 9 presents for.
soldiers.
W., P., and O. Briggs, i ’
presents for 4 Donations of 4s. =32 presents for soldiers.
Per Mrs. Kate A. Pearson; Mrs. and Misses
Laycock ; per • C. Sugden (Fairfield Moravian
Men’s Institute, 2nd con.); Mr. and Airs.. L.
Appleyard and Air. and Mrs. J. Gee.
4 Donations of 3s. 6d.=28 presents for
soldiers.
Miss Annie Peacock ; Miss F. E. Williams ;
Mr. George Sykes, Mr. John Mozley, Mrs. John
ALozley, Air. Fred Alozley, Air. Gilbert Mozley, and
Mr. Lewis ; collected by Harry Lloyd
23 Donations of 3s. = 138 presents for
soldiers.
Miss Curr ; Mrs. Charles Fry (2nd don.); Miss
Frances L. Jamieson ; Eva Kidd ; (Phcebe Pearce.
2s., and Miss Mann, Is.) ; Polly Horsefield,- i)d. ;
Willie Horsefield (aged 8 ) 9d. ; Nellie Horselield
(aged 0), 0d. ; Annie Horsefield (aged 4), (id ; and
Lizzie Horsefield (aged 2), Cd. ; Mrs. C. B. Long-
land ; collected at Whitehall Dining-Rooms.
Dundee; Aliss F. Cotton; George F. Ottaway.;
Airs. Thorpe ; Aliss AI. Todd ; Fred Talbot; Aliss
Bailey and Miss White ; 5th con. from boys of
Standard VII.; “ Bartartly ” ; J. C. Phillips; Chas.
W. w ilkes ; Maggie J. Armstrong ; Miss A. Fraser
and Aliss E. Cooper : Aliss C. and Miss A. Hurford ;
per Jos. Wm. Whitehouse (a few shopmates); per
R. Rouse and E. Brown. 3s. 3d.
38 Donations of 2s. 6d.=190 presents for
soldiers.
Emily and Lucy. Cherry; Ivy Daniels; L.
Gartliwaite; John Patrick; Mr. and Mrs. J
Butts and family ; W. E. Crossley ; AI. A. Flynn ;
Aliss A. Groom ; Aliss A. AI Kay ; F. Scott ; R
Vickers; Elizabeth Allhusen ; E. Barton; A. A
Heane ; O. Brown ; F. J. Cowling ; Alice, Phyllis.
Clarice, Annice, and Watson Downham ; Aliss
Bertha Hindle : H. Hick ; Aliss S. AI. Lyall ; Aliss
Malcolm; Airs. Boler ; Aliss N. C: Davies ; col¬
lected by Hilda Hind from the Sunday-school
class; collected by T. Jackson; collected by
Grace Alartin; Aliss R. Sutton: Tom Tolsan .
Anonymous ; S. I.. AI. B. ; collected from Floors
Castle ; Jessie Cliown ; Aliss Annie S. Dickson ;
Gateshead ; Alattie Jones; Dorothy Lahee;
Gladys Lewty. Maggie Lewty, and the girls
of Longridge Girls’ School; 8 . P. Nasty.
57 Donations of 2s.=i=228 presents for
soldiers.
Olive V. C. (aged 11) and Henry (aged 5) Coxon ;
D. Cobley ; Aliss L. Francis ; Air. F. Hambridge
and family ; Mrs. J. T. and Miss H. Hicks ; A E.
SpowartAI. O. Beet; Airs. Elliot (2nd don.);
collected by N. Hall ; the assistants of “ London
House ”; per A. Shanks (Alasters Islay and
Alastair); W. Short; S. F. Snewin; E. AI.
Stocking ; II. Whitham ; Airs. F. H. Bourdeaux ;
Aliss Nan W. Brown ; Aliss A. Chesters : Arthur E.
Doughty : A. G. Everett ; Aliss G. Greengrass
and Miss L. Day ; Mrs. Hodge and Aliss Le Bris ,
Aliss E. Jackson ; Aliss Idly E. Alallett; Reggie
Oliver (aged 7); Aliss Maggie G. Ross; 1. R.
Parry ; Aliss L. Shields ; A. S. and AI. B. ; Jessie
Edith Smith ; It. C. Tanner ; Aliss A. E. Unthank ;
Robert Wood; Hilda Bell ; A Friend ; C. H
Gallimore ; H. Grainger; John and Joseph
Johnson; 2nd Lieut. S. Kelton ; Aliss B. King,;
A. Aleek ; W. H. and F. Banhale ; A. E. Priest ;
Airs. Sewell; D. Tyson ; Annie T.ait ; Air. and
Airs. John S. Torr ; Winchester Friend ; Daisy
Floyd ;' Airs, and Aliss Edwards ; A. H. Clements ;
Sergt. Jas.-Greer ; V F. J. Fellows; Airs. H. Fox:
Airs. J. II. and Aliss A. Hollows ; “ Shan ” ; Alary
Tooke. .... ~ • .
23 Donations of Is. 6d.A
99 . „ ,, Is. >=328 presents for
61 . ,, „ 6d J soldiers,
lor which we thank the donors, but which space
does not al'ow us to ^knbwleW bv name.
• Printed and published by the Amaj.Gamatf.p PRESS, Limit! i>, The Fleetway House. Farringdon Street, London, E.C.
Published .by _Gordon &Uot ch ip A us tr alia and .New ,Zeaj a nd ;^bv .The-Cfentral vNews Agency, Ltd., in South Africa; and The Imperial Npw^ Co.-;-Toronto
and Montreal in Canada. Advertisement applications should be made to l1ie T Adverti'e 1 huinl Mumian, The Fie
48.
? Fleetivay House, Farringdon tStreet, London. K.L\
Registered as a newspaper, and registered for the Canadian Magazine Post. N
Registered at the G.J'.O. as a S'civs paper.
' VDDUC (See page
The IP ar Illustrated, M/i December, lull.
Brilliant TUC 11
Narrative
;i:
BATTLEFIELD
WINTER ON THE
COMING OF
tor Canadian
/Viaaazme Post.
f
The H'ar Illustrated, 5th December, 1914.
What the Lieutenant-Colonel of the Black Watch wrote me
R.. Tl_r j-.
A FL\N days ago I had a letter from Lieutenant Cnlnm-i
T “ Srtavs* s &sr«£u~>
leads'! b> ' lhC SamG P ° St 1 ! ' ccciv ' ed another letter whibh
Y^’sZt^ oTThe^n&l^lVhfff , ° n , be1la,f <>f
diank you and the contributors to Tiir w?» t 11 Infa,ltl T> 1 write to
‘o-Smoko ' f und very mu^Jta^dta^« L V‘-' Sr, ! ATKD ' Cornelh
t our kindness is much appreciated. d ° 3 hmidsorae present.
“ (Si S ,led > B. W. L. McMahon ”
By The Editor
SS&Sr#'!.
lilgisislffi
Wiltshire*.
Durham Tight Infantrv.
>> orcesters.
Cheshires.
.Royal Artillery.
1 k ! !w o 0 i/' 0 n l"; a ! l ' s Biglit Infantrv.
King?, Royal Rifles.
opml Royal Field Artillery.
A oral Laneasliires.
Sussex Regfc.
King’s Liverpool fleet
South Wales Borderers
1st Norfolk ttegt.
4th .Norfolk Regt.
-ud Sussex Regt.
Cnpt, H. I idler, D.S.O.. 1st
Manchester Regiment. Lahore
l'oree° n ’ ^ IKiiUl J'-xpeclitionary
Rev. O s Watkins, So. 14 Field
... Ambulance. R.A.M.C.
• rd Middlesex Regt.
7 n ‘l Durham Light infantry.
1st Royal West Kent Regt.
-i.ieut. Nicholson, I) Squadron, 18th
Hussars. ’
Worcestershire Rogt.
«hHS“ 8 ' K01 ' al Plying Corps.
Scottish Uiiies.
That/s a.pretty good list.
l'Ct us give the men a
South Laneasliires.
Devons! iires.
«'»th. Lancers,
dt h Dragoon Ouahls.
i U v"l B'lniskillinft Fusiliers.
■ Scots Fusiliers.
1 st West Yorkshire ftest
( ameron Highlanders.
toJastreani boards
ihid Butt. Welsh Jiegt. -
birsteriPaterson, British Army
-VirMng beet ion. Hotel de
2 nd
Ammunition Column, 23th Brigade,
2nd Royal Irish Rifles.
• OttdbSh’ 1St < '' olm:ul « llt Ihmgcrs
Hospital fur British Wounded, :j*
A\enue <1 Jena. Paris ’
-Ma J or j'Hdnull]. I! A.M.O.. Sophie
Hlaek Wateh Cal,lis '
1st West Vr,ri<s Rent,
si West Ruling R,”,t
Wurliain Light Inlintry.
\' est Surrey Regt
4tl. .Norfolk Regt.
-ud South Lancs Regt.
Don’t you agree ?
specially good supply f or
Yours truly.
^Wounded" soldiers ~in ~ tiospitpT enjoying a cionr'eM..
OUR DIARY OF THE WAR
(Tor our Diary of Events in the Great War • , „ * * 11-« VV
a c I ,n r :;,,;,r m ^ , 5 : b :r.r vious . i — ° f
Turks attack Fao p egIe and Odrn co-operated
Xov.
' "S k A^'oSfS.sVvo™ c3 c fto...
purposes. J oa ot Llod,t for £225,000,000 for war
-r in ~
Bapture of Turkish forts 'h sn iv , thousand still at large
and Indian troops annoineed. Seyd bp H M S - Bdiuburfli
\ov. 17 — German wi!^^, S ^i t „^® r 2^ s TH 0 y ernment announced,
martial at Woolwich S ' 1 ochtenberger, tried by court-
^ illte ™ d ^ Norwegian GoJern-
War Budget introduced.
W-urtember^AnJhes, Bavariail > Saxon, and
Sir John French.
^^. TUrkiSh foi - on the Shatt-e.-Arab
iished. -. a : 8 captains account of naval battle off Chili pub- '
Hinden>rg° VCr RuSsians at T1 ‘orn claimed by General von
1 .aurich 5 from C L'ni°ted°St-ites™ Sn ’ a11 boats on tIle Yser
l.urhs at Smyrna announced CrU ‘ SCr Tcnnessee fir «i upon by
spa «-*•
Ko»*KKrj£i“£“j~ saws .** m - *'*"• -*«
x hshed bv the Admiralty! dUnng the defence of Antwerp pub-
OV Sea falKKhhSSSS ^laM ctst°, f ,om! e defCnCeS
150 loyalist troops miiVi^'cTpLiin iLW at Kondefontcin by
force had to retire uuddr reLta we N uthcirnl ' d , but the attacking
W. 23—Outpost ullaii-'hi)'),ted 1 fit ®- 0111 'J su P en '>r force.
Bikamr Camel Corps inMcvpt. ‘ e ™ Jur, '>sh troops and the
oft the coast "If Scotland. 16 Klmmcd b - v British patrolling vessel
Gerniatis 'ill Brusscisarrfrt abofimi?" 5: '', an p,jla "r' checked,
subjects.-- ancst about three hundred resident British
S« 4 .in^ , ^tm^ e CC,U ' ded " dtb CCT “‘an submarine
H J P. 1 ^.^ported in flames. bti
the Belgian coast ly BriUsh^rships/ 1 * 0 Gcrman P osi ‘‘ons on
Govcniment to^ shppoi^Great^Britait^lii^th' 011 authorisi "« «s
v t- 1 “ la > T deem it expedient. * 11 1 lc " ai as ai) d when
^ «*«»» i« Boland.
French. 1 /° r armistlce uear Verdun refused by the
McTrio'.llbarded by i renc^nhlln 0 t6n mi!cs fro '»
C 1 ^ ^^Wand five men recommended
-issSst^' »TK=r-
Volunteer training Corp S PlreSldeS at Gulld B;.II meeting to promote
xo».
Lo?i X Klfch rep0rted l ' e ^ ak ™ by Aufes eCrneSS Ha, ' boUr -
Kov 2 r 7!^^ in ^l baIpoI ^ B °^ 0 ^ 1 afffdrs! nent “ the House of L ™'ds
’ the House of Commons
No. I 6.
Vol. I.
A WEEKLY PICTURE-RECORD OF EVENTS BY LAND, SEA AND AIR
For Week ending
5 Uecembsr. IQ I 4
THE HERO KING WHO -
hpsidp the Kina ofths Belgians and his indomitable a
m?n the British troSps on 9 the left wing of the allied forces have
magnificent companionship of heroism. Lord *51^1 ant to
British adoration of the brave monarch when, in his statement
has never yet left Belgian territory, and does not intend .0 do so.
- o
Pago 36b
7 he Tl ar Illustrated , 5th December , 1914.
THE
GREAT EPISODES OF THE WAR
XII. — The Incomparable Defence of Ypres
T HERE are many fine things in the annals of
the .British Army, but none finer than those
in the chapter that is being written. If the road
to Calais were forced by the Germans to-morrow, the stand
made by our troops at Ypres would still remain one of the
highest military achievements of our race. For welL-
nigh six weeks our countrymen have fought under conditions
that make even the sleepless, battling retreat from Mons
seem, in retrospect, a summer adventure.
Unwashed for weeks, plastered with mud, now wet, now
Aozen, and generally dog-tired always, our troops have
l.yed in burrows like primitive cave-men. Besides snow,
rain, chilling sea-fog, and other natural rigours of a winter
campaign near the coast, they have had to endure an
incessant bombardment of high-explosive shells and bullet-
1 iden shrapnel. Continual night attacks by hostile hordes
of infantry have- robbed them of sleep, and called for
sudden exertions of an extraordinary nature. Yet,'tested
to the very edge of human endurance, our men have exulted
in the terrible ordeal and conquered.
The Proof of Britain’s
H?ro Breed
VVe are a people with fourteen hundred years of culture
behind us. In the last century we have created a new
industrial civilisation—the grandest instrument of power
in the world. lo develop it we have had to crowd
millions into mine, factory, workshop, mill, and office, and
live in the smoky, stifling air of great tities. It was sup¬
posed to be very weakening for the nation. But the grand
lest lias come, at Ypres, against' half a million German
soldiers picked from agricultural districts. Less than
two hundred thousand ®f our troops have held, driven back,
shattered, and worn out more than double their number of
enemies. Our stock is as virile as ever it was, and far more
numerous. We have peopled continents, and, in spite of
our new industrial life, we can still produce men eminent in
endurance and fighting ability.
1 owards the middle of October the British army was
imled fiom the Aisne valley to the critical point in the
battle front near Lille. There, British, French, and Indian
cavalry, fighting against German, Austrian, and Hungarian
horsemen, beat the enemy back from the road to Calais.
By October 14th the German commander’s right wing was
turned so that the whole of his line was.endangered. To
save himself, he drew in and uncovered the country, to the
north, and our army pressed forward and occupied Ypres.
then, with our glorious allies, the French, we reached out
towards Ghent, and helped the brave Belgian army
retreating from Antwerp to escape being encircled.
to do. From the point of view of good strategy, their
chief point of attack was the La Bassec Canal, miles to the
south, where the British left wing connected with the
French army under General do Maudhuy. Here, if they
could break through, they would win the direct road to
Calais, and have the Belgian, French, and British forces in
the north at their mercy. Also, the entire French line
would be turned.
But though the Germans, with three-quarters of a million
troops crowded between Ostend and Douai, hammered
dutifully at the La Bassee trenches, it was the challenging,
audacious British salient that, raising their furious hopes,
engaged their chief attention. Against Ypres they
continually concentrated. Day after ' day the Kaiser
held parades behind the fighting-lines, and, by vehement
speeches to his troops, excited their ardour of combat.
One of the men of the army of the Crown Prince of Bavaria
wrote at bivouac the notorious “ Poem of Hate ” against
the English, which was circulated among the soldiers.
Much of the heavy siege artillery used at Antwerp was
moved from before the Belgian lines to points opposite
our position at Ypres. Vast new armies of reserves needed
against Russia were railed to Belgium to help in exter¬
minating the British force. Then, in a pulverising bom¬
bardment of the strengthened artillery, the attack began.
Our Men Cool but
Conscious of their Danger
At one point on our front a single division had been
thrown forward on Sunday, October 18th, to hold some
difficult intersected ground, eight miles long from flank
to flank. In all, there were 12,000 bayonets to defend a
position needing at least 60,000 infantrymen. At a frugal
estimate, 5,000 men were required to the mile. There
were only 15,000 in all. The troops were well aware of the
peril they ran, but they faced their job coolly.
For every man in the British Expeditionary Force was
then doing more than any ordinary soldier ever dreamed of
doing. Cavalrymen, after winning a beetroot field by a
charge, dismounted, found some shelter for their horses,
scraped out a trench, and held it against guns and infantry!
Gunners, at times, pulled their guns within 600 yards of the
German lines, and blazed away at the grey masses charging
down, night and day, on our troops, hastily dug in a few
feet in front of their supporting artillery. Men in the
advanced trenches went without food or water for a couple
of days, because the enemy’s gun fire so continually swept
them, front, flank, and rear, that nothing could be brought
to them. A spirit of fierce, high, transfiguring heroism
invaded the souls of the British soldiers.
A Daring Challenge to ibe
German Commander
The British advance was stubbornly contested. Village
after village occupied by the Germans had to be blown to
ruins by our howitzers before we could make headway.
Some hamlets were taken and retaken three times before
they were finally secured. At last, however, the British
iorce, with its allies on either side, entrenched in the woods
north and east of the quiet, lovely old Gothic city of Ypres,
on the sandy Flemish- plain.
Our position was a daring challenge to the German
commander-m-chief. It formed a thick, blunt wedge
between the Duke of Wiirtemburg’s eastern army operating
near the coast and the three western armies commanded
b. the Ciown Piince of Bavaria, General Fabech, and General
Daimling, operating from Douai to Tourcoing. A wedge
position—known in military language as a salient—is the
most difficult- of all to defend. It can be assailed on both
sides and subjected to a cross-fire bombardment.
Moreover, by attacking a salient at either of its bases_
that is to say, near either of the two points at which it
connects with the general battle front—it is possible to cut
off and surround the forces holding it. Altogether, the
British salient at Ypres fascinated the Kaiser and his
General Military Staff—as, no doubt, it was intended
Our Indian troops, fighting by their sides or outspread
behind them as supports, felt the' stress of this great mood.
They were all men of the warrior class—Rajputs, Sikhs'
Pathans of the- border, Gurkhas, scions of the Mahrattas
and the Moguls. Men of fine fighting tradition, glorying
in death on the battlefield, they might well have been
moved by a generous desire to outrival, if possible their
British comrades. But when, with shell, shrapnel, and
machine-gun fire sweeping them, they relieved the soaked,
mud-caked, weary, undaunted figures in the front trenches’
their only wish was to prove themselves worthy of a
companionship in heroism. This they did, not only by
some superb charges, but by the tenacity, skill, and en¬
durance with which they, too, held the ditches.
The Supreme Height
of Human Effort
But the division that kept the eight-mile front without
succour for nineteen days, touched the supreme height of
human effort. From Sunday, October 18th, to Friday
November 6th, these 12,000 infantrymen, with perhaps
thirty-seven guns in pits behind them, fought off, first
75,000 Germans, and then 200,000. In light and darkness
the strangely unequal struggle went on. The guns alone
at times must have been outnumbered by eight to one
(Continued on page 369.)
Page 367
Sec.-Lieut. DAVID NELSON, Lance-Corpl. C. A. JARVIS,
L Battery, Royal Horse Artillery. 57th Field Company, Royal Engineers,.
Lieutenant Nelson helped to bring the guns into action under heavy fire
at Nery, on September 1st. and. while severely wounded, remained with
them until all the ammunition was expended— although ordered to retire.
Lance-Corporal Jarvis earned the coveted distinction tor great gallantry at
Jemappes on August 23rd, in working for ninety minutes under heavy fire
in firil view of the enemy, and in successfully demolishing a bridge.
Corpl. C. E. GARFORTH, Sec.-Lieut. G. T. DORRELL.
15th Hussars. L Battery, Royal Horse Artillery.
Corporal C. E. Garforth. at TTarmignics. on August 23rd. volunteered t<
cut wire under fire, and on September 3rd. under Maxim lire, he extricated
a sergeant whose horse had been shot, and, by opening fire, enabled the
•sergeant to get away safely. Battery Sergeant-Major Dorrell won hi-
lieutenancy and the Victoria Cross by serving a gun alter all officers were
killed or wounded, in spite of a concentrated tire at Nery, on September 1st.
Capt. DOUGLAS REYNOLDS. Capt. H. S. RANKEN (deceased).
37th Battery, Royal Field Artillery. Royal Army Medical Corps.
At I.e Cateau, on August 26tli,' Captain Reynolds took up two teams and
limbered up two guns under heavy fire, and though the enemy was within
100 yards, he got one gun away safely. Captain Ranken’s award came for
tending wounded in the trenches under rifle and shrapnel fire at Hautvesnes
on September 10th. and on September 20th continuing to attend to
wounded after his thigh and leg had been shattered.
Lieut. MAURICE J. DEASE (deceased) Lieut. J. H. S. DIMMER.
Royal Fusiliers. King’s Royal Rifles.
Though two or three times badly wounded. Lieutenant Dense continued
to control the fire of his machine-guns at Mons on August 23rd, until,
all his men were shot. lie died of his wounds. Lieutenant Dimmer served
his machine-gun during the attack on November 12th at Klein Zi lie he ke.
near Ypres. untiljie had been shot five times—three times by shrapnel and
twice by bullets, and continued at his post until Ills gun was destroyed.
Major C. A. L. YATE (deceased), Capt. E K. BRADBURY (deceased),
King’s Own Yorkshire Light Infantry. L Battery, Royal Horse Artillery.
At Le Cateau, on August 26th, when all other officers were killed or
wounded, and ammunition exhausted. Major Yate led his nineteen sur¬
vivors in a charge in which he was severely wounded. He was picked up by
the enemy, and died as a prisoner. Captain Bradbury received the award
“For Valour” for gallantry and ability in organising the defence of L
Battery against heavy odds at Nery on September 1st.
gallantry in fighting his machine-gun under a hot fire for two
hours after being wounded. Drivers J. H. (’. Drain and 1 .
Luke volunteered to help in saving the guns at Ln Cateau on
August 26th. under infantry tire from only 100 yards distance.
Captain W. H. Johnston, of the Koval Engineers. at Missy.
on September 14th, under a heavy fire all day until 7 p.m..
worked with his own hand two rafts bringing back wounded and
returning with ammunition. 14 _ ..
Bombardier E. G. Harlock (now sergeant). 113th Battery.
Royal Field Artillery, received the award for conspicuous
gallantry on September 15th near Vendresse, when his battery
Capt. THEODORE WRIGHT (deceased) Capt. F. O. GRENFELL,
Royal Engineers. 9th Lancers.
Captain Wright at Mons, on August 23rd. attempted to connect, up the
lead to demolish a bridge under heavy fire : although wounded in the head,
he made a second attempt. At Vailly. on September 14th. he was mortally
wounded whilst assisting wounded men into shelter. Captain Grenfell
displayed gallantry in action at Andregnies, Belgium, on August 24th, and
assisted to save guns near Doubon on the same day.
T HE Victoria Cross is the most coveted distinction that can be
won by a British soldier ofr sailor. Birth or rank, educa¬
tion or influence, cannot command it. One thing only can
secure it, and that is expressed in the design. " For Valour.”
The Victoria Cross is a decoration introduced after the Crimean
War. It. is made of bronze, and the design is as shown here.
The ribbon is blue for the Navy and red for the Army.
On this page are given photographs of several of the winners of
the Victoria Cross during this war up till the end of November.
Of those whose portraits have not been obtainable, Private
8 . F. Godley, of the 4th Battalion Royal Fusiliers. City
of London Regiment, received the award for coolness and
The War Illustrated, 5th December , 1914.
m ~— - . ■■ ■ ■■ — -- -
cuell HAVOC AMONG ARTILLERY HORSES.-One of the saddest features of war is the slaughter of man's noblest
^Vo^pt.^ ?or“^iver3:
GREAT EPISODES OF THE
war
and the nten, in the lust grand mass assault, b\ someth,ng
like sixteen to one.
How, between night attacks, dawn surprises, and the
unending bombardment, they found timb to snatch m
unending Domouimncm, mv\ uumuu ^ .........
shifts sleep enough to keep them alert and uncrazed. is a
marvel. A capture 1 German officer said that his. General
Staff was certain that this part of the British lines was
held by at least two army corps. Such would be the
ghrrison that any German commander would use to dc.end
eight miles of difficult ground. Less than a fourth of this
number held a great host at bay and saved \ pres from
being taken. Probably half the 12,000 were out of action—
killed, wounded, or sick — in the last fights. In the histoij
of no race is there a finer example of heroic enduiance.
The names of the battalions composing the Incomparable
Division are not known at the time of writing. But soon
they will ring through the world, and then echo down the
ages Oh, the fight, the fight for nineteen nights and
nineteen days of the Twelve Thousand at \ pics ! By
the God of Battles, we do breed men !
The part played by the
Indians and Territorials
Even our Territorial troops, young men pursuing a civil
career and learning soldiering in their spare time, helped
•mllantly to make Ypres-a name to thrill the blood ot
those of our race who shall come after, us. . South ot the
town, by the village of Mcssines, was a beet-field rising to
a ridge. On the ridge, on the last'day of October, 2,000
of our cavalry, dismounted, had held for days five miles
of country. The Germans at last, by a strong attack,
drove them back to their Indian supports, and the next
day the London Scottish were sent up to help to defend the
second line of trenches. There were 20,000 Bavarians
attacking, but the Territorials fought like tigers, toox
Mcssines with the bavonct, and with their aid and a
counter-attack on the German light made by a breach
division, the situation was for the time sat cd.
The Kaiser was beside himself with disappointment.
A wireless message was tapped from him to the, Duke oi
Wurtembu.'g, .declaring that " Ypres must be taken bv
November 1st, otherwise we must withdraw to the Khine.
Practically every German regiment of the lme with a
warlike reputation was railed up and hurled at the. semi¬
circle of trenches at Ypres—the Brandenburg troops, th
Bavarian corps, the Saxons, even a dismounted Hnngan:
cavalrv corps, containing the flower of the Magyar noodity
A subtler mode of attack was also tried. Multitudes o.
half-trained, new recruits and men. of the militia class,
were brigaded together and launched, in close-packec
storming parties, at our positions. On they came chantim.
“ Die \Vacht am Khcin,” badly le;l by new officer.-
who did not know their work, but full of admirable courage.
Boys or oldish men many of them were, and the slaughter
of 'them was dreadful, pitiable. Our troops waited t ii
they approached to very close range, and brought them
down with almost point-blank magazine rifle fire—twenty
rounds a minute sometimes.
It seemed cruel of the German conimander-m-chie! to
employ troops such as these against British soldiers. But
there was something of a plan in this apparently insane
waste of food for powder. On Wednesday, Novemoe;
nth,- when it was expected that our men wcic at
somewhat worn out through night and daybreak attack¬
in' the numerous troops of poorish quality and masses e;
regulars of the first line, the grand attempt was made to
pierce our front. Some 15,000 men of the Prussian Guard,
brought up on purpose to carry out the crowning effort to
capture Ypres, advanced against our First Army Con;
and its supports.
The Defeat of the
Vaunted Prussian Guard
The First Army Corps rested on the road running from
Ypres' towards Menin, with a wood between it and the
town The Prussian Guard was smitten by a frontal lire,
and taken on the flank bv artillery, rifles, and Maxim.-.
In spite of heavy losses', they charged onward with their
traditional bravery, and broke through our line in three
tracunonai uiavuv, ■•im - --e-- —
places Still onward they swept into the wood, and them
the British" supports trapped them, according to the usual
custom in such cases! For our army makes a speciality
of having its first line broken, and then breaking the
breakers against the second defence. The Prussian Guar 1 -
were counter-attacked and swept with enfilading lire from
machine-guns. . Most of the scattered bodies who penetrate ,
into the wood were either killed or captured. W ith the
failure of this great attack by the Guards Corps the in.
phase of the defence of Ypres was rounded off. Altogedici.
it probably cost the Germans 100,000 men.
The Wav Illustrated, 5 th December, 1914.
Red War among the White Snowfields:
Page 370
3ri!n«^.* ,t ' Sh | Sentry « is - st ? ndin 3 guard in the snow-covered
woman 1 ' wa y.- statl0n ln a French port,and this old French¬
woman is warming her numbed fingers at his portable fire
W HEN ." ' winter reigneth o’er the land, freezing with
its icy breath,” the hardships of warfare are much'
aggravated in many respects. The trenches under frost are
iiee fiom mud and water, which is a compensating advantage
to some extent, but the cold is intense, and the reluctant,
iingeis aie chilled as they handle the stock and trigger of
the nfles. When the ground is hard as granite, the scooping
of new trenches is almost an impossible task. The work
is blasting, not digging ; and during the winter campaign
Y-rr ma Y ex P ect to see the fighting assume a somewhat
chlferent aspect.
Seeing that new entrenchments are not the comparatively
simple effoits of the summer and autumn, we may expect
existing trenches to be grimly held at much higher cost
of life than they would be if the digging of new trenches ’
w-ere a simple matter. And we may also expect that
attempts at dislodgment from entrenched positions will be
not less determined. In fact, the successful dislodgment
of an enemy from a trench in winter is a much greater
reverse than m summer, and the effect may be far-reaching
upon the progress of operations.
,, tE J s , a ^ d on the page opposite appear photographs
that will help us to realise what our fighting men are
going through under the conditions of winter warfare.
^ woi* in
1
arrives
A Bavarian sentry in the Argonne, where a
carpet of snow covers many German corpses
The TFnr Illustrated, 5Ui December, 1914.
Page 372
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I
the Kaiser’s Fevered Dream
d looking longingly towards England, share
■ when they hope to set foot upon the soil of
b right, the smaller figure is Q#™™ ™
rather than fail to take Ypres from the Bi itish.
officer at Ypres
field force running-a
source,
near I
The TT'ar Illustrated, 5th December, 1914.
Page 374
Interludes in the Fierce Contest of the West
Two Zouaves advancing cautiously across a field in the sternly-
cofstested district of Western Belgium during the fierce fighting
of the strenuous weeks.
This picture looks oriental in its figures and its setting. The sand is not the sand of the Sahara but the sea-coast of Belgium,
and the horsemen are Algerian soldiers of the French Army riding along by the shore when the tide is at ebb.
A company of German soldiers captured at Dixmude being
taken to Nieuport under a guard of Moroccan troops.
Belgian cavalry exercising their horses among the sand-dunes
near Nieuport during a lull in the battle for the coast.
Pagj 375
The U'w Illustrated? 5 tit December, 1914.
The Struggle for the Coast by Fire and Flood
Tha hooded area at Ramscapelle, near the coast, showing how the fields were submerged by the inrushing tide which the Allies let
loose upon the attacking Germans, submerging their trenches, making them flee and leave their heavy artillery stuck in the mire.
German iviannes mounting guns on the sea-front at Ostend, a measure that was void of result, for, after the defences had been
finished, a few hours’ bombarument by British naval guns silenced them effectually and shattered the positions.
A trench that was doggedly held by British soldiers in the beet-
fields of East Flanders, whence its occupants kept a look-out
for German snipers, and did excellent execution upon them.
The outlook from the trench on the left, showing how the spaces
between the growing beets permit observation and rifle—fire, while
the occupants of the trench are screened from the enemy.
The War Illustrated, 5th December,. 1914.
Pago 376
Bayonet Battle in the Churchyard of Arras
Arras was one of the most sternly—contested points of the great
battle-line, and was the scene of many sanguinary hand-to-hand
encounters. The French force on one occasion made a church¬
yard the place of approach for a desperate attack upon German
trenches close by. Advancing in short rushes they made the
tombstones their defence against German fire, and finally they
advanced into the open and rushed to one of the most deadly
bayonet charges in the war. For fifteen minutes it was a death-
grapple in the trenches. Not one German fled—everyone was
bayoneted, and their main force was pushed back three kilometres.
Page 377
The H'ar Illustrated , 5th TJ<
c(fember, 1914.
The Cossack who Captured the Kaiser”
The dreaded Cossack is a singularly unsophisticated person,
whose credulity is as unbounded as his personal daring. -Shortly
after the news had been issued that the Kaiser was on the
Russian frontier commanding his army, a Cossack came in to
the Russian camp, driving before him a distressed Prussian
captain whom he had captured during the day’s work. I’ve
caught him ! ” he announced. •' I knew him by his moustache.’'
And he produced from his coat an old picture-postcard showing
the Kaiser's face. A good motto for German officers is, therefore,
“ Don’t wear a ‘ Wilhelm moustache when fighting Cossacks.”
.sfc.- *
■
m s
.
; .
The ll'cir Illustrated, 5 th December, 1914.
Pago 373
With the Enemy in the Eastern Field of War
German encampment in East Prussia near the Russian frontier, whence the residents
are fleeing westwards in fear of the threatened Russian advance.
THE war on Germany’s eastern
A frontier progresses with more of
advance and retreat than the war
in Belgium and North Franco. Grand
Duke Nicholas’s successful tactics
resemble those of ■ General Joffre
when he let himself be pushed back
to the walls of Paris.
Similarly, tire Russian generalissimo
drew the armies of General von
Hindenburg into Poland away from
their standard-gauge railways right up
to the walls of Warsaw, then fell on
them with deadly effect, and drove
them out of Russian Poland. Then
the process seems to have been re¬
peated with similar disastrous results
for the Kaiser’s arms. Thus the war,
of attrition goes on, and Germany is
bleeding to death, losing her manhood
by the million, and building up in the
ledger of fhe Allies a bill for repairs
that will take her generations to pay.
Kussian prisoners, with their German guard, after they had been
captured in one of the great battles in Russian Poland.
German Landwehr officer examining passports near the Russian
frontier to ensure that no Russian spies were allowed to pass.
A town in East Prussia that came in the way of Russian artillery during one of the battles against Hindenburg’s army. Germany
has received a sample of the punishment she meted out to innocent Belgium, but without the atrocities committed in Flanders.
—
Flight
The Russian advance through Poland into East Prussia gave Germany a slight taste of the experience to which the population of
Belgium has been subjected, although the Russians have committed none of the excesses of which the Germans were guilty. This
photograph shows a procession of refugees, with their hand baggage, as they fled from their homes in East Prussia.
German refugee family who have left home with what
belongings each member was able to carry on the
pilgrimage westward, from the Russian menace.
Berlin is receiving daily more and more refugees, many of them arriving in
brakes, as seen here, and they are at once taken to quarters on the^west side
of the city so as not to make the presence of refugees too obvious.
Germans at refugee reception quarters. The young people are smiling,
but the old women look tragic to the point of tears.
Refugee children from East Prussia are sent by rail
and taken to special homes until their parents arrive.
The War Illustrated , 5th December , 1914.
before the Russian Advance
Page 379
German
Tage 330
The IFar Illustrated, bth December, 1914.
Life is “quite normal’’ in
These British subjects in Berlin seem to be enjoying the joke of prospective internment in
one of Germany’s numerous concentration camps, but perhaps their gaiety is assumed for
the benefit of German spectators, and does not reflect their real feelings.
Berlin ?
\Y 7 E often hear it urged from tire
vv German side that life in the
German capital is normal, but that
is only one of Germany’s official *
lies. Already economic pressure is
being felt, ‘and it will be pro¬
gressive, increasing as winter
lengthens, and as the war drains
the accumulated reserves. German
bread now contains twenty-five per
cent, of potatoes; petrol is sold only
by Government for approved pur¬
poses ; it is illegal to buy or sell
rubber tyres; spent ammunition i:.
collected for re-charging; and the
uniforms of the dead arc being sent
back to Germany to be repaired
for the use of new recruits. There
is abundance of evidence that
conditions in Germany are very far
from normal; and economic pressure
will be not the least effective of the
Allies that will eventually achieve
victory over Prussian militarism.
The entrance to one of Berlin’s internment camps which some Englishmen under
charge of some German guards are about to enter, to be released-when ?
Wounded German soldier with two iron crosses
being wheeled in Berlin by a wounded comrade.
■
m
'
War sees feats of rapid engineering that would evoke a chorus
of praise were they not overshadowed by the more dramatic feats
of arms. Here a host of Germans are clearing a railway tunnel
blown in by the Belgians during the early days of the war.
Page 381
The War Illustrated, 5th December, 1914.
Ill-spent Industry of the Ingenious Germans
German engineers beginning to repair telegraph and telephone cables left, as shown, when the Charleville Bridge was blown up.
The small inset picture shows Germans re-erecting an iron bridge in France which they had themselves destroyed.
Turkish Artillery Company wiped out by Irresistible Cossack Charge
Fierce fighting is going forward in Armenia, and the badly-equipped, seldom—paid soldiery at the traditional enemy and wipe off many old scores. One of our war artists here shows
of Turkey, even under German officers, cannot be expected to make headway against the an episode in Armenia, when a Cossack squadron charged up a hill upon Turkish artillery,
Tsar’s armies, which were straining at the leash before the Turks began war, eager to strike and not a single Turk in the defending party was lett alive after the onslaught.
Page 383
The ir«r Him rated, blit December, 1914.
Promise of War on Battlefields of the Holy Land
MOT since the days ofSaladinand
1 ' flip Crusaders has there been
warfare in the sacred fields of the
Holy Land. But now Turkey has
taken the plunge into the'great world
•war, and lias given the nations of
progress the chance to settle the long-
unsolved Near Eastern problem.
Events in the Eastern Levant
have not yet reached the highest
point of active warfare, but that
stage approaches. The Italian Consul
in Jaffa asked his Government to
send protection for- the subjects of
the entente Powers, and the Italian
Government despatched warships,
which may be only the first move
that will involve Italy in the war.
during the mobilisation of the Turkish Army. The photo¬
graph was taken at Jerusalem by a member of the American
Colony there.
Concentration of Turkish troops at Jerusalem preparatory to
the invasion of Egypt to attack the British occupation there.
The Italian warship Vittorio Emanuele, which has become of
topical interest in view of the departure of Italian ships to Jaffa.
of the 6th Battalion of the IVIanchester Regiment at Mustapha,
inst the Turks expected to invade Egypt from Palestine.
British territorials on foreign service — part of B Company
Egyptj whero they are ready for operations agan
The War Uluslmled, 511, December, 191-1.
334
The Hero Airmen of the Friedrichshafen Raid
THE “record” feat of aerial darir.g was the work
* of three Englishmen—Squadron-Commander
Ik F. Briggs, of the. Royal'Naval Air Service, l'liglr-
Commancler J. fcT. Babington, and Flight-Lieutenant
S. Y. Sippe— who, on November 23 rd, penetrated .
one hundred and twenty miles into German territory,
across mountainous country in difficult weather
conditions, mid made a bomb attack on the Zeppelin
Workshops at Friedrichshafen, on Lake Constance.
These • workshops are a source s of great pride to
the- German nation, because they were erected by
national subscription ' to enable Count' Zeppelin m
to pursue his work in airship construction when
disaster seemed to be pursuing his efforts with
disheartening peVsistency.
The Germans had been informed by telegraph
of the approaching airmen and bombarded them
with guns, machine-guns and lilies, but, not¬
withstanding this, they flew down to striking distance
and launched their deadly missiles.
Squadron-Commander Briggs was a victim of
this German fire. His petrol tank was pie reed**
and he was thus forced to volplane down to earth,
but as he passed over the objective building he
continued to drop bombs. He was wounded, but
not seriously, and captured on landing. His two
companion adventurers succeeded in flying back
to their base, and asserted positively that they
achieved their purpose—the de¬
struction of the Zeppelin and th'c
Zeppelin § shed. Officially,’ the
Germans denied that this result
attended the raid, but non- officially
the British claim was confirmed.
At the request of General Joffre
all three airmen were awarded the
Cross .of the Legion of Honour.
The great Zeppelin sheds and workshops at Friedrichshafen, where two
Zeppelins can be housed under one roof. The Zeppelin is about to come to
earth, and a small army of workmen is rushed to the point of expected
landing to assist in anchoring the aerial leviathan.
The lower portrait is Flight-Lieutenant Sippe,
one of the daring trio who raided Friedrichshafen,
and the upper is Flight-Commander Babington.
A nearer view of the great hangar at Friedrichshafen, showing one of the
Zeppelins stabled under the roof attacked by the bombs of the British
aircraft. This shed and workshops were the gift of the Geramn nation to
Count Zeppelin, the money being raised by popular subscription.
Temporary Zeppelin shelter made of portable uprights,
and covered with a fabric covering. The Germans pro¬
pose to erect some of these in Belgium to threaten the
English coast in the air raid that is one of their pet projects.
Pago 385
The 1 Var Illustrated , bth December, 1914.
the French
Where Danger Lurks
A French machine-gun, or mitrailleuse, being carried into
action near Roye, where some of the stiffest fighting in the war
has taken place. A great advantage of this gun is its extreme
mobility, which enables its rapid fire to be directed quickly from
any desired point. The mitrailleuse form of machine-gun is not
a substitute for field artillery, against which it can never stand
unprotected, but as an auxiliary to infantry and cavalry, acting
independently in positions where rifle-fire is most efficacious.
Thin company of French infantry was photographed as it [mnrehod through the [Forest of Argonne with ,r' fl ® s loaded and
bayonets fixed" thus to be prepared for any surprise attack from Germans concealed in the thickly-massed trees.
'Tin TT ar lllusirntcd, 5 th December, 1914.
Page 386
HOW THE
WAR
WAGES:
THE STORY OF THE
GREAT CONFLICT
TOLD WEEK BY WEEK
The Battle of Flancers : The Wintry Weather
yi-iE wintry weather is beginning' to affect the conduct
of the campaign all along the extended front in the
western sphere. No part of the fighting area is more bleak
and desolate than the fen-lands of the Yscr, between Xicuport
and Dixmudc, or more exposed to the biting winds from
the Noadh Sea and the Atlantic. Yet the British, French,
and Belgian soldiers are not at all unhappy, for the trenches
have been dug deep. The men live for the most part
below the surface, and have so banked themselves about
that wind and rain, sleet and snow have no great terrors
lor them. Indeed, many of them have been fortunate
enough to secure oil-stoves with which to make their cave
dwellings more comfortable than ancient troglodite ever
was. Much of the good health ol our men is due to their
admirable food supply, brought always up to time bv the
thorough organisation of our Army Service Corps. ’ The
Germans arc in no such case, for prisoners complain bitterly
of their condition and lack of food. On the Nicuport-
Dixmude line the Germans have made repeated attempts
to break the Allies’ formation, but in vain, and their
artillery has been outranged. Two of their heavy guns
were discovered in a dungheap of a farmyard, formerly
occupied by German sympathisers, and taken possession
of by the Allies.
* * * *
'J’HE operations in the beginning of the third week of
November mainly consisted of bombardments between
the contending forces. Two exceptions may he made.
On luesday, November 17th, near Bixschoote, in the Yscr
sphere, the French Zouaves, by a bayonet charge, carried
in the most gallant manner a wood which had been in
dispute between our Allies and the Germans during three
days of indecisive fighting. South of Ypres, that part of
the front which defends the straight road to Boulogne and
Calais, had been specially appropriated to the British forces.
Our 3rd Division, on November 17th.was subjected to a heavy
attack by the enemy’s artillery and then by the infantry.
_i he brunt of both fell upon two battalions of the division,
these were shelled out of their trenches, but after a brilliant
counter-attack, which drove the cncmv back in disorder
lor five hundred raids, our boys recovered their position.
A brigade of the 2nd Division was also made the subject
of a fierce attack, but the enemy was repulsed with heavy
losses. Of one detatchment of the enemy which were made
prisoners, all that remained of a battalion of 1,000 men were
one hundred and twenty-five.
* * *
A SPECIAL order was issued hv Sir John French to
" the 2nd British Army Corps, in which he said that he
had " watched with the deepest admiration and solicitude
the splcndcd stand made by the soldiers of H.M. the King
in their successful efforts to maintain their forward positions,
which they had won by their gallantry and steadiastness.
He believed that no Other Army in the world would'show
such tenacity, especially under the tremendous artillery
lire directed against it. 1 heir courage ancf endurance are
beyond all praise. It is an honour to belong to such an
Army.”
* * *
^LL along the rest of the line from Arras to Verdun,
including Rhcims, which again had been subject to
bombardment, there was only a ceaseless cannonade, but
no change, t he line of retreat for the Germans in North-
East Belgium is reported to be mined ; and grim details are
given of the condition of the German wounded sent back
to the Fatherland' in overcrowded cattle trucks from which
blood was seen to be oozing.
On the sea-front at Middelkerke, the Germans noticed
that the British monitor squadron off-shore scorned to spare
a section of houses in which, accordingly, they took shelter-
during the very inclement weather. This came to be known
to the naval commander, and five of his vessels suddenly
opened fire upon these cosy nests, and battered them to pieces.
One thousand seven hundred dead Germans were extracted
from the ruins by British stretcher parties. Nearly all the
recent. German infantry attacks have been made in the night
time from the coast down to the south of Ypres. The
effect at Nicuport was so confusing on more than one
occasion, according to Belgian reports, that Belgians
captured Belgians in the dark, and Germans captured
Germans. The. Anglo-French squadron off the Belgian
coast on November 23rd, bombarded and completely wrecked
the harbour works of Zccbrugge, cast of Ostend, which had
been made a German naval base, and to which parts of
submarines and destroyers had been conveyed overland.
* , * *
Armoured Trains in Action
JX the fighting in Flanders, the military forces of England.
France, and Belgium have had invaluable assistance from
armoured trains, commanded by capable British naval
officers, and manned by expert British naval gunners
and _ Belgian riflemen. These trains were read} at anv
moment to answer the call of the military authorities.
Their mobility is, however, limited to the rails, although
over and over again they have come within range of German
positions, and delivered enfilading shell fire upon the cncmv
with telling effect. In one week, again, their guns brought
down five captive balloons, which the enemy had employed
lor observation purposes. A plea has been entered for
the motor-bicycle, armed with a light, quick-firing gun.
this machine is able to go on by-roads, even where these
have been rendered muddy and sloppy by rain and snow.
❖ * *
The Grand Battle of Poland
"pdE great effort made by General von Hindenburg, the
most capable and scientific of the German generals,
in West Poland, and by the Crown Prince, who was a failure
on the Argonnc, has practically collapsed. After their victory
at Kutno, on November 17th, the Germans advanced
nearly thirty miles to the line Lowicz, which brought
them within forty miles of Warsaw, but there they met
with a check. Rennenkampf was pressing his advantage
against his German enemies in Fast Prussia ; Brussijqff
was. driving in the Austrian defensive of Cracow. The
Grand Duke Nicholas, having these two wings perfectly
safe, devoted his whole attention to the centre, with the
assistance of General Russky, and with reinforcements
which kept pouring in from Russia an impetuous attack
was made on Hindcnburg’s centre.
* * *
"THE German main army was obliged to retreat to within
thirty-five miles of fhc German Silesian frontier.
The fiercest fighting took place around the manufacturing
town of Lodz, near which two German corps were practically
surrounded at Brezin and Tushin. and one of them sur¬
rendered. No fewer than forty-eight trains were sent from
Russia'for the conveyance thither of the German prisoners
taken by the Grand Duke. The Crown Prince’s army was
in retreat on the 25th, abandoning even its accoutrements.
* * *
"THE discontent amongst the Austrians about being
made the tool of the Germans has spread to the
Bavarians, who complain that thev had been continuouslv
sacrificcd for the sake of select Prussian corps bv being
put in front of th? firing-line. Of the 300,000 Bavarian;
who took their place in the battle-line at the beginning of
the war, Bavarian officers who have been made prisoners
dcclarc-that on November 19th only 110,006 survived.
* * *
JT is reported that Russian regiments have arrived in
Serbia, and are only sixty miles from the 'Austrian
frontier. This* would seem to indicate a Russian invasion
of Austria-Hungary across- the Carpathians in still greater
strength since the passes were seized, and a descent made
into the great Hungarian plain by the Russian advanced
corps. * * ' *
The Warfare at Sea
"THE full story of the naval battle in the Pacific, off the
Chilian coast, has now been obtained bv the arrival
of H.M.S. Glasgow at Rio de Janeiro, where she was
permitted by the Brazilian Government to remain for seven
(Continued 0:1 paffe I'ii.)
The War Illustrated , 5th December, 1914.
Page 387
Fallen in Freedom s Cause
Captain P. G. Barrett, ROyal Major J. H. ST. A. WAKE
Munster Fusiliers. 8th Gurkha Rifles.
Erig.-Gen. N. R. McMAHON, Major E. CRAWLEY,
D.S.O. 12th Lancers.
■Brigadier-General 1C. R. McMahon, D.S.O., formerly Lieut.-Colonel commanding the
4th Battalion Royal Fusiliers (the C-ity of London Regiment) served in the Burmese
Expedition of 1886-87, and in South Africa.
Captain Philip Godfrey Barrett entered the Royal Munster Fusiliers from the
Militia in 1900, when he was serving in South Africa. Major Hugh St. Aubyn Wake,
M.V.O., a son of Admiral Charles Wake, was formerly in the Northumberland Fusiliers,
but was transferred to the Indian Staff Corps in 1895, and was appointed to the
8th Gurkha Rifles in 1902. Major William Lyttleton Lawrence, of the South Wales
Borderers, had seen service in India, Gibraltar, Egypt, and South Africa.
Captain Beauchamp Henry Selby, of the Northumberland Fusiliers, saw active service
on the North-West Frontier of India, and Captain John Franks Vallentin was formerly
in the Royal Garrison Artillery, and joined the South Staffordshires in 1905.
Captain John Alexander Halliday, lltli Hussars, was well known in the hunting field,
and also as an all-round sportsman and athlete. He was educated at Harrow
and Cambridge, and joined the 11th Hussars in 1898, and after serving in India
and South Africa, was adjutant to the Leicestershire Yeomanry for three years.
Capt. Robert Neal King, of the Lincolns, took part in the Nile Expedition, and in
the South African War.
Capt. C. F. HAWLEY,
King’s Royal Rifles.
Capt. E. E. COVENTRY,
East Lancs Regt.
Capt. R. W. HARLAND,
Hampshire Regt.
Capt. B. 0. DUFF,
1st Gurkhas.
Capt. R. N. KING,
Lincolnshire Regt.
Major W. L. LAWRENCE,
South Wales Borderers.
Capt. J. F. VALLENTIN,
1st South Staffs Regt.
Capt. B. H. SELBY,
Northumberland Fusiliers.
Capt. J. A. HALLIDAY,
11th Hussars.
Capt. W. J. CORCORAN,
Middlesex Regt.
Lieut. P. S. DODGSON,
Royal Garrison Artillery.
Lieut. R. P. D. NOLAN
The Black Watch.
Lieut. M. G. STOCKS
Grenadier Guards.
Lt.-Col.E. B. COOK. M.V.O.,
1st Life Guards.
Lieut. G. PAUL,
2nd Dragoon Guards.
Lieut. A. S. BANNING,
Royal Munster Fusiliers.
Photographs by Lafayette, Lambert Weston, Elliott X Fry, Russell X Sons, Straine, Speaight, Vandyk, Gale X Pohicn, Heath, 11. Walter Ha
Lieut.-Col. H. L. ANDERSON,
9th Bhopal Infantry.
Page 388
The War Illustrated, 5 Hi December, 191^.
HOW THE WAR WAGES
days to execute repairs of the injuries caused in the action.
It appears that Admiral Cradock ordered the Glasgow and
Otranto auxiliary cruiser not to engage in the action,
owing to their great inferiority in armament to the German
squadron. The commander of the Glasgow evidently,
like Nelson, turned his blind eye to the signal, for he did
engage the cnernv to some purpose, and eventually escaped
to prevent capture. The magazine of the Good Hope blew
up soon after the opening of tire engagement, and she, with
the Monmouth, went down with all hands. Ihe Canopus,
which could onlv steam sixteen knots, was on that account
unable to come up and participate in the fight.
* $ *
TTHE naval battle between the Russian Black Sea Squadron
and the elusive Goeben and Breslau, manned as
Turkish ships bv German officers and crews, had a very
different termination. The Russian squadron, under
Admiral Everhardt, cruising along the Crimean coast,
caught sight through a fog of the outline of the enemy
cruisers, which had .evidently risked coming there to
bombard Yalta. Chase was given, and the Goeben
was raked at short range by the Russian flagship, the
Evstafiy which crippled her big guns. The Goeben, last
seen through the fog, was on fire, like the Good Hope in the
Pacific, and has not since been heard of.
* * *
A Great Aviation Feat
AN aviation feat of remarkable during and skill was
carried out on November 21st by three aeroplanes,
under the command of Squadron-Commander E. R.
Briggs, of the Royal Naval Air Service, the pilots being
Flight-Commander J. T. Babington and Flight-Lieutenant
S. V. Sippc. They left French territory, flew 250 miles,
150 of which were over German territory, to Friodrichshafen.
on the Lake of Constance, where is the largest German
Zeppelin-airship factory. All three British aviators came
down to close range under a heavy enemy fire, launched
their bombs on the factory, and did serious damage.
Commander Briggs was wounded on the head, and his
engine was damaged, so that perforce he came to the
ground arid was taken prisoner. The other two pilots
escaped and reached French territory safely. The Legion ol
Honour has been conferred on all three airmen.
* * *
Turk’sh Repulses
DUSSIAN troops have repulsed Turkish attacks in
^ Asia Minor, Armenia, and the Persian Gulf. The
invasion of Egypt by a Turkish Camel Corps by way of
Bir-cl-Nurs arid Katia, east of Alexandria, on the
Mediterranean coast, has been beaten off by our own
BiIranir Camel Corps and the coastguard.
* * *
A THRILLING story comes from the Admiralty of the
^ daring escape of the Pacific Steam Navigation
Company’s vessel the Ortega (Captain Kinncir) from a
German cruiser off the extreme South American coast.
The Ortega had among her passengers three hundred
FTcnch reservists, homeward bound at the call of duty.
When the captain observed the German cruiser, which had
a speed of twenty-one knots, as against the Ortega’s
fourteen, he called for volunteers to go into the stokehold
to fire up. With some risk to the boilers, they brought
the speed up to eighteen knots, until the western
end of the Straits of Magellan was reached. Then Captain
Kinncir boldly felt his way through a dangerous and
uncharted passage in the straits, into which the cruiser,
with her deeper draught, could not venture, and so saved
his vessel with its cargo and the French reservists.
* * t
GAN the night of November 22nd the Danish United
Steamship Company's steamer
Anglo-Dane collided off the
Swedish coast with a German
destroyer, which was steaming
full speed without lights. The
■destroyer was cut in two, and
sank almost immediately, but
most of her crew were rescued by
two other German destroyers.
A German submarine was, on
November 23rd, rammed by a
British patrolling vessel off the
North Coast of Scotland. Only
one of the crew was killed ; the
rest were rescued by the ^British
destroyer Garry.
Portugal Joins in the Fray
PORTUGAL has 1 now formally joined actively with
*■ tire Triple Entente. At an extraordinary sitting
of the Congress in Lisbon on November 23rd, Senor
Machade, the .Portuguese Premier, declared, amid cheers,
that “ true patriotism would be imperilled if the alliance
with Great Britain were" not cemented with blood, if
necessary.” He had entered into an agreement with the
British Government to render, besides other services,
military aid. The Executive was empowered to take what¬
ever military measures were necessary in conjunction
with Great Britain.
* * *
In Africa
A N- expedition of a battalion and a half from British
East Africa made a raid in the third week of November,
by sea and land, on German East Africa, but were out¬
numbered, and after
suffering a loss of 795
officers, and men, the
remnant had to fall back.
Seven hundred rebels
took up a position at
Hammanskraal, twen ty -
eight miles north of
Pretoria, in the Orange
Free State. They were
attacked on November
21st by a force of three
h u n cl r c d Government
troops, who, after severe
fighting, were compelled
to go back with loss.
H.M.S. Bulwark, a 15-year-old battleship of 15,000 tons,
and a sister-ship of the Venerable that did such good work in
shelling the German positions near Ostend during the Battle of
the Coast, blew up in Sheerness Harbour on the morning of
November 26th. The cause was reported to be accidental, and
not the work of an enemy'. Of the complement of between 700
and 800, only fourteen were saved, and some of these were
terribly wounded.
The W(tr Illustrated, 5th December , 1914.
0
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“ Swan ” Ink
1 ablets
50 in small tube. For
use—one tablet to a
penful of water
6d.
Complete Outfit
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POST
FREE.
WRITING KIT
for men on active service or
in training.
Would you like to
make a helpful gift?
May we suggest a “ Swan” Pen ? It
will be so handy, making it easy
to write home a few lines at any
odd moment. Just think, too, what
a comfort those notes w:li be. You
cannot choose anything more useful !
WE
RECOMMEND
THIS
SIMPLE AND
INEXPENSIVE
OUTFIT:
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No. 2 C. May be
carried in any position
12/6
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protects the pen from
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" Swan ” Pens to suit
all hands.
Metal pocket prevents
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“Swan Ink” Tablets
plus water give ink.
A Jolly Good Idea!
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BRANCHES : 38, Choapside, E C. ; 95a, Recent Street, W. ;
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SOLD BY 'STATIONERS AND JEWELLERS.
“ Swan ” Pens are made in London.
Stories by our
ALLIES
Are a Striking Feature of the
C hristmas
PREMIER
The Franc-Tireur
Sunday
TheTraitor’s Mother
The Monkey and the
Jelly-Fish
Vengeance
Guy de Maupassant
(France)
Stijn Steuvels (Belgium)
Maxim Gorky (Russia)
A. Nishimaru (Japan)
T. Drakulilch (Serbia)
with ether brilliant stories by
Hilaire Belloc
Tom Gallon
A. & E. Castle
May Edginton
Sax Rohmer
Wm. le Queux
Eden Phillpotts
Morley Roberts
C. Ranger Gull
Oliver Onions
Ruby M. Ayres
David Whitelaw
etc., etc.
A Magnificent Budget
of Christmas Reading
EVERYWHERE
6 D *
vA
IV
The War Illustrated, ,,
• • i . s. *1 *••■■■ •-'*
5U1 December, 1014.
Nearly£2,000 collected ^“Something-to-Smoke’ Fund
.ere JnifcTir
oiitirtJtifcd
A Sixpence Will Buy One^and-Sixpence Worth of “
i ■»- . ' * — »
Smokes *
Readers j
he War Illustrate r_ have _ This picture shows what each soldier gets. Jt, so that the .soldier. who gets it will ||npw
< ■ r' f **" " —w~- nrkrim lio line tr» thnnl.* C
now con trmtf llut nearly £2,000 for our
**. SoinethingUjC^Smoke ” Fund—sufficient for
a present oPsfrioking pleasures to" almost *■
r So,000 soldiers IS the front. j- 1
‘ "* Read some 61 the letters ^received ,pn
page 11 ot the cover of this number, arid learn
how grateful the men are. Then help to
make some mere of them grateful.
A sixpence delivers into the hands ’of a
soldier two cakes of'tobacco and ten cigarettes’
—the pircel being worth about is. 6 d. in (his
country. Sixpence can do so much because
no duty is paid on the goods, so that every
sixpence goes in tobacco and cigarettes, none
in taxes.
How many sixpences can you send ?
How many can you collect ?
How many soldiers will you m&kc happy ?
Every package paid for by a sixpence sent
by you will have your name and address on
whom he has to thank.
It vVould require over £10,000 a week to
give every soldier at' tfre' frbnt a packet fiVery
week.- Thus we wantmuch as we can get.
especially since our men are-now confronted
with the rigours of winter, and they want
checking at their hard job more than ever.
Please send your postal-orders addressed to
Ti'ie War Illustrated
v “ Sdmething-to-Smoke ” Fund,
r The Fleet way House, * . „
. _ . . . Farringdon Street. . - -
London, E.C.
And don’t forget to put your name anckaddress.
If you would, like a collecting-sheet sojthat
you can get .your friends to help with sub¬
scriptions, please ask for one at the same time.
Donations Received during the Tenth Week of the Fund
Special Collections
The tenth week of * our * “ Sortiething-to-
Sm ke " Fund has brought us £213 8s. id.,
which will provide a packet of smoking pleasure
to mpre than 18,500 “Tommies,” and' we _arc_
adding over 850 pipes as our contribution.'
Mr John Manning, £10 ; Mr It. II. Christie,
£8 14s. ; Miss Mary Bailey, £6 11s. ; Miss Lily
Thompson, £6 10s. ; Mr. E. L. Nixon, £5 12s. 9d ;
Mrs. L. Fairweather,-£5 7s.; Miss Lizzie Jones .
£ S 03. Bd. ; Mlss lJ G. Lynch, £5 ; Mr P. Rcdshaw,
£5 ; Miss L.'Wilkinson/£5 ; -Miss E. F. Gibson,
£4 6s. ; Miss Ena Boyd, £4 ; Mr. E.^O’Milligan.
£3 12s. ; Miss M England, £3 10s. ; Master Ralph
Kincnin, £3 6s. 6d. ; MKs-M. I»ynp,f <3 jg3%; \Mf ;
Arthur II. LUstcr, £2 12s.; Miss (^cc^Garryv,
£2 %s. ; Mr. A. Fielder, £2 V ; Mls&L Tate,
£1 18s. 6d. ; Mr. ,J. Boyd, £1 17s. 6d. ; Miss’E^SI “
Barker’ £1 16s, 6d. : Mr. J W. Tticfi. *£1-151* ;
Mr G Cave. £1 13s. lOd. ; Miss G. Chromes,
£1 12s. 6d. ; James Mitchelbilk £1.11s. 3W.'*; iMt Z
Dyson,'£1103.9d. ; Miss E. Richardson, £18s. 6d. ;
Master S. W. Cowx. £1 8s. -2d. ; Florrie. Webb,
£1 6s. ; Miss A. Stewart, £1 5s. 8d. ; Mrs* A'J.
Tolley, £1-53 -6d. ; Mr. S.■ A. • Woods, £1 4s. ;
Mr. i Percy B. .Young, £1.4s. ;. Mr E. - Dawson,
£t 3s. 6d. Mr. Joseph Howell, £1 3s. 6d ;' Miss
E Bridges. £1 3s. ; Mrs. R. Iringham, £1 3s.;*Mrs;'
W Ridley, £1 2s. 3d. ; Mrs. C A. Pratt. £1 Is. 6d ;
Mr J Jones. £1 Is.; Mr A. H. Clayton. £1 ;
Mm £o£tes, £1 ;* Mrs.- A. Depby. £1 ; Mr*. D. M
McDonnell, £F; Mr. It* J. Sayres, £1 ;-Mr Win
Ward. £1 ; Miss Burton, 18s. ; Miss B Barber,
17s. 6d , Mr. James Haslem 17s 6d. ; Mr %C 1
Mamkin. 17s. ;-Mr.-E. W-Morris, 16s. 6d. ; Mr.
W. B. Wheeler, 16s. 5d ; Mrs 'Parkinson 16s. 3d. ;'
Mr. Iona Mason,„16s. ;. Mr .A Harris,-16s. ;
Mr H. Sanford, 15s. 6d. ; Mr. Charlie Ford, 15s. ;
Mr A. Parker. 15s."; Miss H. Riches, 15s. ; Mrs.
I.. Smith, 14s..8d. ; Master Percy Pateman. 14s. ;.
Mr. E. J- .Stephens''143..; E.-RaynCt 13s 9d! ;
Mr. M. 11 Wheeler, 13s. 9d. ; Miss F. Hancox,
13s. 6d ; Mr-Il E. Humphrey. 13s -6d7 ; Mrs
S. R. Plowihan; 13s/; Mrs. Upton, 13s. ; Mr. V R.*
Abbott, 12s. 6d. ;-Mrs W -Simpson,%12s 6d ;
Mr H ^Taylor,. 12s -6d.'; .Miss N Smith, 12s.;
Miss Lucy D'evenc. 11s. 6d. ; Mr Robert Hepple,
11s 6d.'.; Mrs. Walters, 11s. 6d ; Mr'AMTHolmes,-
11s.; Miss' Irene'StdvefTS,' lOs. Od. ; Mr. Hr Griffbn;
103. 6d. ; Mr. F C6oke, HD. ; Mr. J. Head. 10s. ;
Miss Annie Jones,* 103. ; Misg'. G> SpcnCex. 10s. j
Mrs. F M. Horton, 9s 6d. ; Master J. G Williams,
9s. 6d. ; Miss L Greenwood. 9s. ; Miss A. Brown.
8s. 6i. ; Mr and Mrs. T. W Dunkall. 8s. ; Mr E..A
Nixon, 8s.; Master G. Chamberlain, 7s. 6cL ;
Mp C. YaTwood,''7s* 6d. ;-Mrs. .1 CMsselh 7s. ;
Miss'J.'B MacGregor. 6s. 6d. FMrs/W: Loveless,'
6s. r Mr E." J -White, 6s. Miss F. Andrews-. 5s: ;
Mr. George Holloway, 5s. ; Miss Ida Russell, 4s ;
Miss L. #Spanwich, 5s. •; Mrs. Poe ley. 3s. 6cU ;
Mess ■-L. Caterall,* 3s. ; Mr. E. ,-Davi^r 2sr 6d.
Mr.' E - Moenv-2s.-2d. ;• Miss D, --Small, 2s. 2d • :
MrTR. Rich, 2s. ; Mrs. It. Hartshorn. Is
Donations
1 Donation of £1 17a. 10d.=76 presents
,— for soldiers.-- --
Per Evan Thomas RadclifFe & Co. (Messrs.
( Bcrgmann. Smith. <&- Co., of , Aanhijs. D.eiun.vjk). .
1 Donation of £1 11s. = 62 presents for
soldiers.
J. W C. Watt.
1 Donation of £1 5s. =50. presents for
soldiers.
Per J J Hutchinson
1 Donation of £1 2s.=44 presents for
soldiers.
Per W. D Turner (from a few postal mends at
Bognor)
Donations
of £1 =360
soldiers. ►
""Miss M. T. n MacdoncH . Miss Mary L. Birch
collected by Chris. Cameron .Polly Wilson. andTsa
Cassidy ^Mrs. A. C. DuCrr ; James-A. Glasgow ;
H Warren ; C. R. Edmondson •: Mr. CVE. ^Gilbert :
Mrrarid Mrs*. H Lumb i *
presents for 3 Donations of 4s. 6d. = 27 presents for
”soldiers.
Harry Wilson and Mary Stewart, . George
Murray ; Miss J. Anderson Miss A. Anderson,
and Miss Ti'Andcrson v •
7 Donations'of 4s. =56 presents for soldiers.
Miss M Drake Brockman,- Mrs.* Beeching, Mr
1 Donation o« 18.; = 36 presaHTs for
l icturc po. tcards, ttrange brother and Friend ; H. Moore ; Miss Stella Gre'dn •
Thos W Harbcrt'aifd ’another : 'A. 'and J-'Siidler
1 Donation of-12s. =24 presents for solfliers.
_ Har'c^<l batty. (aged 14) ^
1 Donation of 10s. 6d.=21 presents for
soldiers.
Mrs; Mayoss
13 Donations oi 10s. = 260 presents For
• .. ,• . soldiers.. ^ ,
Z W.vTDli'y ; .'Jack Fletcher -/'Alice Symonds arid
Kit Symonds ; Joseph M Dentith Mr amj Mrs.
FT ^EeiVn'; „ Miss' A. M. Hunt (2nd donation) ,
J.^G-.-*Jt*nht*r :*per Cissie Morris (the children of
Ford-School,-Si«;ewsbury) ; per D C. Clark, head-
m’aster (Public School, Lothrie, Fife); Ethel
the Dursley Gas Works, Dursley. Glos/: Geo.
Smith .. r -
3 Donations of 7s. 6d. = 45 presents for
• _ soldiers.-
* -Mr. E-.-Bale,* Mrs. Bale,-Miss Bale; W. Fairchild
Grcig ; Mrs. A. E. Hubbard, Mr. II. Hubbard,
Miss Jenny Maw : other friends, and Miss Lily
Hifbbrfrd
l -
t
I
Agujlar ..Gwendolyn W f Aguilar, Alexand’er W.
Aguilar ;• Iris H \ Aguilar : Arnold S. Aguilar,
Baby joycie Aguilar ^ j »
3 Donations of 6s. =36 presents for soldiers.
Per David* Fyfe (Kilmarnock Deaf Mission)
Mrs -Brad®>ck,*’Mrs \Vinstanley,-j Mrs. rtnlmer
ahd Mr George* CaYtwrighF; A41eeted by Thomas
Bateman-(aged 12), by painting and selling badges.
’ *.. 1 L -•' — f»
1' Donation ot 5s. 9d.=1V presents ,f° r
Per J ^Blackstock«i(Mii(5iester Ship Canal Co.,
Health Insurance and Time Dopts., Salford Docks)
* 1 Donation ot 5s. 6d.=11 presents for
_ soldiers. * '''_
-Mr. A C. Etheridge,? Mrs. A. C. Ethefidge
Master. (J. Etheridge, Mrs. ’ixr Knight. Mr A
-Verrall, Mr II Vcrrall, and Miss p ^VeTrall -
30' Donations ot 5s. =300 presents tor
J ■ . , rS soldiers^ -*—
" Miss Money-K.vfle ; Miss F Prebblc ; D. Ramsay ;
Mrs D R. Dickson ; L. ;E. Graham? cnlleeteinjy*
1. Jones (tiie St Chad’s Infanr Sunday-scfiool) ,
per T C Corker headmaster (eollectectby'the'boys
of Council J Softool, Loudwater); Miss Winnie
"CbTmSVk ; per/Arthur Clegg, lion. sec. (from the.:
Men’s Bible Class, Cnri-t Church. Oldham) ; John
D ivies*; Miss M W Ellis; Miss Gertrude Fordo ^
A L F Harris; T Jackson; Fidgety Phif arid
his'Sweetlieart ; Miss Elizabeth Price ; Miss Vie. N
Handley and F. H. Robinfeon ; Tucker’s > E. and D
Waimvright ; John J. Whitehurst, jun.‘; Dir. and
Mrs. R. E. Gasson : Miss QuccniC Glemiy.: Mr IT
Hooper. Mrs H. Hooper. Mr Walter Hooper. Mr.
anil Mrs.^Lee. and L and M Lee; J. H. Jepson
F. M Ratelilfe ; Mrs. G Smith and Miss Isobel
Thomson ; Mr. and Mrs. Buck- Mrs Eliza'Gordon';
eoMeet o,l bv Mis« |- Hmvell 4 -
2 Donations of 3s. 6d.=14 presents for
soldiers.
Collected by John Copley.; per Jos.. W. White-
house (a few shoplnatcs, Walsall) . . . „
10 Donations of 3s. =60 presents for soldiers.
Clilford, Butteriield, Ernest’ Saunders, Willie
Carr, Charlie Holmes, .and., Willie Smith. ;..VV
Sheplcy, SHepl6yra'nd Mrs." A.'Shcpiey ; Edith
Smithson ; Miss Annie Atherton ; Mrs. Kdams :
James Chapman ; C. and .C G. McDonald ; A. R
Munro ; Mrs. Hawkins ; Mis3 Gladys Hustwit . .
48 Donations of 2s. 6d.=240 presents for
soldiers. * • . . j
J W R., C. C., R. A., C E,, and W. S. ; Ada
Billie; Mrs. Ann Leadsoni ; collected by Miss L.
Milton ; Miss J. Murray ;»Mrs A. M. Robinson ;
Miss E Watkins ; Miss 'Rosa, Gatehouse : Ida
Hory ; Miss K. '’Shouler ; V. C. 8. ; Edgar J
Trowbridge; George ,Wraith; No-Name, of* Ken¬
sington ; T. Atkins Mrs. F J. Blackburn 4 ; K
Galton and B. Bates ; Mrs. Byriris ; Miss Kathleen
Bromley : Mr., Mrs., and Miss*Dobbs ; Miss Ethel
and E. D : Miss Alice E: Gold : Miss Higgs ; Cecil
lloysted : Agnes J Molmstone, G. A 'Khight
(2nd subscription) ; Miss F ' Kerr ; .‘Eunice L(*
Sueur; Emily Mai pas ; Mrs.“E. M. Oliver (.(froiri
Standards VI. and- VII. of Elland NaTfonaJ Sciiool^
Yorks). »P R Richards; Mrs. Scriviner; Mrs;
Toms; Miss May (White ; Frank C.-Gaultom; Mr:
and Mrs. Claridge ; A. E. ; Mrs. M. A. Findon ; perl
M M. Frost; G W HcTiotVC. NaylorTIVHss J >
Potter; Mrs. R. Chestney ; Miss - Stella-Ddlon
Mr J W. Hall. Mrs. J W: -Hall.;and Mr J.
'McDonald; Mrs. T Agnesy Andrew Donaldson,'
and Jas Porter : Emily'Mcnpcs and Lulu Pelliri'g.
41 ponations of 2s = 164 presents for soldiers.
* Marion Skidmore/ Mollie' Skidmore, "Isa 'SkfU-
more, and Nellie Pearsoa-; Miss («• Brice.; Miss M;
Biss, and Miss B. Beard; Dora Broad! eiit ; per
Mu. Jdn W. Craft (Muriel and Drirothy Craftri^
Miss. M. D icombe^; Per R. W Hughes (from boys!
at the Ship. Ross Road, Hereford) / per II. J f
Gould (the assistants of London House) ; Jas.!
Malings;' Florence Sutelilf<f ;■ J *Wfekcns M^s 1
-Wid’dop ; Mrs. Wilkinson ;-EE' Rr- AmblerMrs^J :
Brown ; Mr. Julian Bentley ; Miss N -Butler ; Mr ;
arid-Mrs A.—Butt rind Mr. H D iwcs ; Uallie andj
Dorothy D.ivis ; Miss M-.- Manley ; Miss • I*. Neil:
“ Aunt Mag u ('Master E. A. S. Roberts ; W. Simms ;j
Mrs. J. Smith ; Mildred Saoives collected by:
Sissy'’■Taylor (aged 11) an’d ’Dordthy Penriock
(aged 10) / No Name, of Cromer ; G. Coombes ;
•Irt'onaTd, Elsie; -and Stanley- Needham ; Hr M
Evers and L. E. Holmes ; Alice A. Holmes ; Master
Laurence Henshaw ; C. Johnston,-;A. Gem mell, J
Needhafn, J. Woods,'J D rake ford ; Mrs. P. Pin*
fold and Mrs.’ S. G. Smith ; Erie WiHans (aged 13) ;
Miss M Collen : per*Miss M.*E. Dixon (from Miss
Dixon’s Sunday-school ’Class) ; Miss Winifred
Farr; Leonard Fowler, (aged'll) ; collected by
Miss E Roberts; Alice Wordsworth
13 Donations of ls» Od, i
71 .. Is. >=-251 presents tor
70 - - 6d - ) - * soldiers.
lor wh ch we thans ihe donors, bu.t wh ch space
coes not a|,ow u* to acknbw4e^^e bv name.
Printed and publishe I by the ;A.M • \o\>\ \tki> I kkss. 1 imitkh. -The Fleetwav House, Farringdon Street, London, lv t.
Published by Gordon A: Gotch in Australia and New Zealand ; by Ihe Central New® Agency l td., in South Africa; and The Imperial News Co.. Trrcnto
_ and Montreal in Canada. Advcrti^erne i apjhcaiions >ho la br mdUt io i/ic .t dn rti^cmo i Mm amr, M 'J he b htiv aii 'lioiibc', Famriudon Street,'London,
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Jk
1
The War Illustrate.1 , 12 th December, 1911.
Registered at the G.P. 0 . as a Newspaper.
LIFTING THE CURTAIN ON THE WAR
(See page
390)
/>sc?c/. fjr Canadian
RfSagcexIne Pest.
OUR KING GOES TO THE FRONT
mo. 1?
The ll'ai Illustrated, 12 th December, 1914 .
OUR DIARY OF THE WAR
(For our Diary of Events in the Great War prior to November
Nov. 19. —Imposing funeral of Lord Roberts. Nov
Riot in the Aliens Detention Camp in the Isle of Man, when
five aliens were killed and fifteen wounded.
Nov. 20.—British casualty list during the defence of Antwerp pub¬
lished by the Admiralty. ■
Nov. 21.—British Admiralty announces an extension of mine defences
in North Sea in the neighbourhood of East Coast ports.
British air raid on the Zeppelin workshops at Eriedriclishafen Nov
on the-Lake of Constance. ■ , ; XT
Nbv. 22.—Some South African rebels attacked at Rondefontein by Nov
150 loyalist troops under Captain Rutherford, but the attacking
force had to retire under resistance from a superior force.
Nov. 23.—Outpost affair reported between Turkish troops and the
Bikanir Camel Corps in Egypt. *
German submarine U18 rammed by British patrolling vessel
off the coast of Scotland.
General von Hindenburg’s advance in Russian Poland checked.
Germans in Brussels arrest about three hundred resident British
subjects.
Nov
Dec.
Danish steamer Anglo-Dane collided with German submarine
Si24, inflicting some damage.
Nov. 24.—Ypres reported in flames.
Bombardment of Zeebrugge and the German positions on
the Belgian coast by British warships.
Portuguese Parliament passes a resolution authorising its Dec.
Government to support Great Britain in the war as and when
it may deem it expedient.
Nov. 25.—Reports of great Russian success in Poland.
German request for armistice near Verdun refused by the French.
Arnaville, on the Franco-Belgian frontier, ten miles from Dec,
Metz, bombarded by French artillery.
The names of three British officers and five men recommended
for the Victoria Cross published.
M. Radoslavoff. the Bulgarian Premier, reaffirmed Bulgaria’s
neutrality in the Sobranje, or Parliament.
Lord Mayor of London presides at Guildhall meeting to promote
Volunteer Training Corps.
Small British steamer Malachite and small French steamer Primo
sunk by German submarines in English Channel.
Nov. 26.—H.M.S. Bulwark blown up in Shcerness Harbour.
19th, see previous issues of * 4 The War Illustrated.”)
. 26.—Dixmude reported retaken by ? A.llies.
A message from the King read in the House of Commons
announces that the proposal for a national memorial to Lord
Roberts will be carried- out.
Arras bombarded.
Lord Kitchener makes a statement in the House of Lords
regarding the position of affairs.
. 27. —Mr. Lloyd George states officially in the House of Commons
that the War Loan was over subscribed.
. 29.—Progress of Allies north and south of Ypres and in the neigh¬
bourhood of Chaulnes.
Publication of Sir John French’s important despatch dc-^ribipg
the part played by British arms in the battle between Ypres
and Annentieres.
King George left London to visit the army in the field.
. 30.—Report of Russian success close to Cracow.
Publication of French Yellow Book reviewing events preceding
outbreak of war.
. 1.—King George visited base hospitals containing British, Indian,
and German wounded.
Allies advance between Bethune and Lens and on the Argonnc.
Fifty-eight British officers awarded the D.S.O.
King George visited the British Held Headquarters and the
fighting-line.
. 2.—Belgrade reported occupied by the Austrians.
De Wet captured at Waterburg, a hundred miles west of Mafeking,
with about fifty followers. -
The German Chancellor makes a speech in Reichstag charging
Great Britain with responsibility for the war.
. 3.—National Relief Fund (Prince of Wales’s Fund) reported to
exceed £4,000,000.
Russians reported to be within three miles of the forts of Cracow.
Signor Salandra, the Italian Premier, announces in the Italian Par¬
liament the adhesion of his Government to the policy of neutrality.
A meeting of the four International Football Associations held
in London recommends the abandonment of International matches
for the season.
Expeditionary Forces from Australia and New Zealand an¬
nounced as having landed in Egypt to complete their training, and
to assist in defence of Egypt if necessary.
Sir John French’s Despatch
By the EDITOR
WONDER if you were thrilled as I was by Sir John
French’s despatch, published on November 30th.
My thought, after I had read it, was “ What a debt
each one of us owes to those brave men 1 ” They have
displayed a heroism that makes the. whole world wonder.
The bravery of a Balaclava charge is much less than
the bravery that stands unflinchingly in a flooded or
frozen trench, the sustained fire of big artillery, and the
sea of German bayonets coming on in wave after wave of
determined attack.
I cannot pay all I owe to the soldiers whom we are all
proud to'call fellow-countrymen. Neither can you ! But
both you and I can do what we can for them, and one way
of doing something is to keep them supplied with “ some¬
thing to smoke.”
Since I started the " Something-to-Smoke ” Fund for
our soldiers I have had subscriptions from the four comers
of the world. This morning’s post brought me for the
fund the sum of ten pounds and this letter from Petrograd,
which is becoming familiar to everyone as the new name of
St. Petersburg.
“ Dear Sir,—Will you kindly accept enclosed cheque for fio, to pay
/or four hundred sixpenny boxes of tobacco and cigarettes to send to
the soldiers at the front ?
“ The money has been made by making and selling novelties by ten
English girls iii Petrograd.
“ Will you please acknowledge the cheque by 'postcard. Wishing
aur soldiers the best of luck, a Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year.
“ Yours truly, Annie Cragg.”
Bessie Ronald, Maggie Hartley, Jessie Tyldsley, Phyllis Richardson,
May Sproull, Eleanor Richardson, May Bryson, Nora Chalk, Edna
Tyldsley.
Will these kind donors please accept my special thanks
for their kindness ?
How many more of my readers will give practical ex¬
pression to their sense of indebtedness to our brave soldiers
and send me sixpences during the next week ?
You will find full details of what the fund is doing on the
back cover of this paper.
Yours faithfully,
6*utzi~
Aft Ideal Christmas Gift
for any child between the ages of 4 and 14 is
the Playbox Annual. It has 200 pages of
stories, and over 300 splendid pictures, including
numerous plates in full colours, besides many
other delightl ul things for the little ones. Strongly
bound and printed on thick art paper, it
is a book which will last them for years
Price 3/6
Ask your newsagent for it
TO-DAY
iniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiNiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii!
No. I 7.
Vol. I.
A WEEKLY PICTURE-RECORD OF EVENTS BY LAND, SEA AND AIR
For We 2 k end in?
I 2 December. 1014
DRAWING THE ENEMY’S FIRE.—At one point during the
fighting in Lorraine^the rival lines were very close. Anxious
to ascertain the German strength and the position of their
trenches, a French colonel sent out a sergeant and three men
purposely to draw their fire. The little party reached a farm¬
house, and began firing from its red-tiled roof at some suspected
woods. A furious volley was the answer, plainly telling the watch¬
ing colonel what he wished to know. German artillery was then
directed upon the farmhouse, and only the sergeant reached the
French lines alive. He was promoted for his gallantry.
The ll’ar Illustrated, 12 th December, 1914
Page 392
This photograph of a British Army smith and his mate forging horseshoes was
taken by the roadside in France.
The horses must be kept fit and well shod,
GEN. FRENCH’S HISTORIC DESPATCH
“ I regard it as the. most critical moment in the whole
of this great battle. The rally of the rst Division and
the recapture of Gheluvelt at such a time was fraught
with tremendous consequences. If any one unit can be
singled out for especial praise it is the Worcesters. The
staunchness of the King’s Own Regiment and the Lanca¬
shire Fusiliers was most commendable. ... A portion of
the trenches of the Middlesex Regiment was gained by
the enemy and held by him for some hours till recaptured
with assistance from the Argyll and Sutherland High¬
landers. The enemy in the trenches were all bayoneted
or captured.” In the later operations “ the excellent
behaviour of the East Lancashire Regiment, the Hamp-
shires, and the Somersetshire Light Infantry ” is noted.
Sir John goes on to refer to the Indian divisions, stating
that “ since their arrival in France, and their occupation
of the, line allotted to them, I have been much impressed
by the initiative and resource displayed by the Indian
troops. Some of the ruses they have employed to deceive
the enemy have been attended with the best results, and
have, doubtless, kept superior forces in front of them
at bay.” Among the Indian troops specially mentioned
are the Fcrozepore Brigade, the Secunderabad Cavalry
Brigade, the Jodhpur Lancers, the 2nd and 8th Gurkha
Rifles, and the Corps of Indian Sappers and Miners.
Tbe Prussian Guard “ by the Emperor’s
Special Commands ”
On November loth “ a division of the Prussian Guard
was moved up with great speed and secrecy to the town
of Ypres,” having received “ the Emperor’s special com¬
mands to break through and succeed where their comrades
of the line had failed. They took a leading part in the
vigorous attacks made against the centre on the nth
and 12th, but, like their comrades, were repulsed with
enormous loss. Throughout this trying period Sir Douglas
Haig, ably assisted by his divisional and brigade com¬
manders, held the line with marvellous tenacity and
undaunted courage.” The Field-Marshal continues :
Words fail me to express the admiration I feel for their
conduct, or my sense of the incalculable services they
rendered. I venture to predict that their deeds during
these days of stress and trial will furnish some of the
most brilliant chapters in the military history of our time.”
Highest Hopes as to Value
of Territorials
Sir John states that, during the period covered by his
despatch. Territorial troops had been used for the first
time. The units actually engaged were — The Northum¬
berland, Northamptonshire, North Somerset, Leicestershire.-
and Oxfordshire Regiments of Yeomanry Cavalry ; and
the London Scottish, Hertfordshire, Hon. Artillery Corn-
pan} 7 , and the Queen’s Westminster Battalions of Territorial
Infantry. “ The conduct and bearing of these units under
fire, and the efficient manner in which they carried out
the various duties assigned to them, have imbued me
with the highest hope as to the value and help of Territorial
troops generally.” Special mention is made in the closing
passages of the" despatch of the work of the Flying Corps,
Cyclists, and Signallers, the Royal Engineers, and of the -
superiority of the Royal Artillery over that of, the enemy.
The concluding paragraph runs : “ Our enemies elected
at the commencement of the war to throw the weight of
their forces against the armies in the west, and to detach
only a comparatively weak force, composed of very few
first-line troops, and several corps of the second and third
lines, to stem the Russian advance till the western forces could
be completely defeated and overwhelmed. Their strength
enabled them from the outset to throw greatly superior
forces against us in the west. This precluded the possibility
of our taking a vigorous .offensive, except when the miscal¬
culations and mistakes made by their commanders opened
upspecial opportunities for a successful attack and pursuit.”
The value of the role fulfilled by the allied forces in
the west lies in the fact that when the eastern provinces
are in imminent danger of being overrun by the armies of
Russia, nearly the whole of the active army of Germany is
tied down to trenches extending fromVcrdun to Nieuport (a
distance of 260 miles), where they arc held, much reduced
in numbers and morale, by successful action of our troops.
The W’ur Illustrated, 12 th December, 1914.
Pago 393
German Cavalry Wiped Out to the Last Man
The official “ Eye-Witness ” at the front reported a sanguinary
encounter between an attacking force of German cavalry and
a French force defending the trenches attacked, resulting in the
German force being exterminated. Our war artist, in this sketch,
has given graphic expression to the incident. The prosaic
language of the official report stated: “On November 4th some
of the enemy’s cavalry at dusk charged a trench held by the
French. Every single horse was killed; but those riders who
were not hit continued the charge on foot, the last survivors
being slain on the very parapet of the trench.”
V.' V«
BBS
HB
The War Illustrated, \ 2 lh December, 1914 .
Activities in the Graveyard of the Kaiser s Hopes
Helping to checkmate the Kaiser’s move on Calais. A British outpost in action
during the coast battle. The British Army has proved the stone wall against
the Kaiser’s Calais ambitions. “ No more arduous task has been assigned to
British soldiers,” says Sir John French.
Well-concealed Belgians engaging the enemy.
The Allies have taught the Germans the value of
ambush and open fighting, and the latter are
gradually giving up the wastage of close formation.
Belgian soldiers keeping the beaten track under difficulties. In
opening the dykes the Allies literally turned the tide on the
Germans. The unexpected inrush of water compelled the
enemy to abandon their trenches and some heavy artillery.
Finding the range on an armoured-train. Our photograph shows some
Belgian and British gunners operating a gun which, by its facility of
movement, possesses an effective value immeasurably h : ghe
the German 11 surprise ” guns, which are good only for sieg
than
eges.
German attaches inspecting a line constructed for the transport of the 16-inch guns in Belgium. These monsters, deadly as they
are in some conditions, are very difficult of mobility, requiring either perfect roads or specially laid rail tracks.
The War Illustrated, 12 Ih December, 1914.
Pago 395
War’s Wreck and Ruin along the Road to Calais
1 NJIEUPORT, Ypres, Dixmude—these
1N names will live in history as the
points of contact between one of the
most determined attacks and one of
the most stubborn resistances in the
annals of war. Amid all the records
of these memorable days one great
feat stands out supreme—-that the
Germans threw away human life with
a prodigal lavishness that has never
been known since civilised nations
challenged each other to combat by
arms. Every other consideration was
subordinate to success—the bloodiest
price was not too much in the eyes'of
the German supreme command to
pay for Calais. And they have paid
the price—but they have not won
Calais. They are ready to make yet
another war-gambler’s plunge in the
hope that by raising the stakes „they
may yet achieve their objective. But
the resistance will be stronger, than
ever—the other side can call up rein¬
forcements, and, while the attacking
force is being bled to death, the
defending force is becoming stronger
in defence and more certain of victory.
Nuns whom the German guns have driven from the seclusion of theirconvent and their
circumscribed life of charity are being transported to safety out of the zone of fire, but
the only vehicle available was the market cart seen above.
The convent at Pervyse, near Dixmude, transformed into a battered shell by the Members of the French Red Cross attend-
bombardment of opposing artillery during the Battle of the Coast. Pervyse came ing a wounded soldier ini the ruined
between the contending armies during the most violent stage of the fighting. church of the town of Nieuport.
Th© ruins of Ramscapelle. The windmill at the back, occupied
by a German machine-gun, was taken by a French Tunisian
regiment after hard fighting at the Doint of the bayonet.
The battered Church of St. Nicholas standing up amid the ruins
of Pervyse, one of the most fiercely-contested points and one
of the most sorely-battered towns in the coastal battle-front.
The ll’ac Illustrated, 12 th December, 1914 . 1 age 4at)
Behind the Fighting Front of our German Enemy
A group of German officers waiting behind their firing-line to know the result of one of the fierce infantry attacks that their
regiments are trying to press home against the strongly-held trenches of the British Army in the disputed corner of Belgium.
This photograph shows a German infantry attack upon our lines
in process of development. These attacks are hot while they last,
but the resistance they encounter is still hotter, and they die away
without effective result because they cannot be sustained long
enough. The determined resistance opposed to these German
attacks inspired Sir John French to write of his men, “ Their deeds
during these days of stress and trial will furnish some of the
most brilliant chapters in the military history of our time.”
Page 397
The IV. ar Illustrated, 12th December. 1314
During the Hottest Weeks in the Western War
A German officer having a hasty meal at a wayside
field kitchen in Belgium.
A German field gun being pushed into position. The protecting shield^ and
the hole through which the gun-layer sees the objective will be noticed.
A German field battery passing through one of the villages near
Dixmude during the recent fighting for the road to Calais.
The H er Illustrated, 12 tli December, 1914.
Ypres-the Kaiser’s Supreme Endeavour
On the left is a picture of the ruins of the Hotel de Ville, now merely a heap of stones. It stood hard up against the western end of the
Cloth Hall, which became exposed when the Hotel de Ville was demolished. On the right is the ruined tower of the Cloth Hall, and the
centre picture shows the tattered remains of a famous painting destroyed in the ruin of the cathedral.
The desolation and destruction occa¬
sioned by the bombardment of Ypres
during the Kaiser’s vain and costly
attempt to overcome British resistance
and expel the resisters.
The Kaiser’s hottest exhortation spurred
on his troops to the attack of Ypres
and to their own destruction. Here the
flames are seen wrapping the beautiful
Gothic tower of the Cloth Hall.
Page 399
The War Illustrated, 12 Ih December, 1914.
Seeking Shelter and Comfort for Winter War
Winter did not find the armies in the field unprepared for its rigour. Warmer clothing and more shelter from the elements are the
chief forms of preparation, and this is one of the hastily constructed but warm shelters made by French troops in Northern France.
VY/AR has enough discomforts of its own, and the man in the trenches or
W behind the gun's may well be spared the added discomfort of rigorous
weather if preventive measures can mitigate that discomfort. Attempts are
made to combat the inevitable discomfort of a winter campaign by three
means—improved shelter, warmer clothing, adaptation of food and drink to
the severe weather conditions. A fourth aid to comfort may be included—
tobacco in one or other of its forms, and in abundance for all who want it.
The appeal of the British War Office for blankets met with a generous
response, that will ensure warmth to our fighting men in their sleeping
quarters even if these arc trenches. Two of the pictures on this page show
shelters in the field for a winter
war, and other two show the
knitted headgear that means so
much for the comfort of the
men. The portrait below is not
a Russian or a Prussian, but a
British officer who has donned
a woollen cap for the winter,
and has not had a chance to
shave for a few days.
German knitted helmets for use in the war. On the left a
non-regulation head-cover worn by a British officer.
The severity of winter will be felt on both sides of the firing-line, and both sides have taken precautionary measures against
Generals Snow and Frost. This photograph, taken in the German lines near Verdun, shows shelters made for German Army horses,
who are housed in these specially constructed sheds covered with straw fitter.
The lFar Illustrated , 12 t/t December, iyi 4 .
Hay Waggons Conceal Prussian Machine-Guns
_
ine Germans have exacted a terrible revenge when civilians
have fired at them. But in East Prussia they have done exactly
what they consider so objectionable. The civil population near
the Russian frontier adopted many ruses to take the Russians
at a disadvantage, and an instance of this is shown in the picture.
It happened at Tilsit on a market day when the town was full of
peasants. Russian soldiers were buying hay when a number of
hay and straw carts halted in the square. The peasants hurried
round them, seized hidden rifles, and machine-guns hidden in the
straw were uncovered and began to play upon the Russians.
&
f
1 tie War Illustrated , 12 lit December, 1314.
The dramatic incidents connected with the great battles in North
France number hundreds, perhaps thousands, and most of them
will never be recorded. This picture shows a particularly hot
corner near a broken steel bridge where a British party was
setting up a signal station. A battery of German searchlights
from the opposing hill swept the river bank in great beams of
dazzling brightness. They revealed the British force at work,
and told the enemy where to direct his fire In a few minutes the
shells fell thick and fast, causing sad havoc among our ranks, but
the nurpose otour men was achieved and the station established.
The War Illustrated, 12 th December. *1914. p ao . c 402
Scenes from the Activity of our Japanese Allies
A train of the heavy siege-mortars used by the Japanese at the bombardment of Tsing-tau, the German stronghold in China, which
they besieged for nearly three months, and finally captured on November 7th.
Japanese field-guns being pushed into action during the final
operations that terminated in the capture of Tsing-tau, the
home of German culture in Asia.
Japanese artillery in action against the fortifications of the great
Chinese port upon which Germany spent many million pounds
in a few short years.
Japanese artillery being landed at the wharf of Tsing-tau after the fortress had been captured by the assault of Japane
w th the co-operation of a British contingent under the command of Brigadier-General Barnardiston
< 'k'\
Tsing-tau during the last days of German occupancy.
Some of the British soldiers who co-operated with our Japanese
allies in their investment of Germany’s outpost in the Far East.
403
The War Illustrated, 12 tn December, 1914 .
Japanese infantry advancing through a rapid but shallow river during the operations against the German headquarters in China.
Taken at the actual Capture of Tsing-tau
T 1 IE capture of Tsing-tau, flic
capital of Kiao-chau, the Ger¬
man possession in China which hacl
been a beam in the eye of Japan
since the Kaiser took it in 1897, was
achieved on November 7th, when
ihc German dream of a centre in
the Far East, whence she could
disseminate her much-vaunted cul¬
ture for the benefit of the nations
of Asia, vanished for ever.
The ships - sunk in the harbour
during the bombardment were the
Kaiserin Elizabeth and the Cor-
moran, the former an Austrian
light cruiser and the latter a Ger¬
man ; four gunboats, namelv, the
Juguar, litis, Luchs, and Tiger ; the
destroyer Taku and the mine-layer
Kuchin.
The photographs on these two
pages were the first to reach
England after the success of the
operations against the fortress and
the triumph of the allied arms.
Laoshan-wan Bay, in the harbour of Tsing-tau, showing the warships of Japan and
Britain and the landing of Japanese and British forces by means of boats after -the
city and fort had been taken.
The U'or Illustrated , 12th December, 1914.
Page 404
The Mountaineer Soldiers of
our Balkan
Allies
Women of Montenegro arriving at an advance post in their native
hills with provisions for the defenders of their country.
IT is a well-established ethnological fact that the
I character of a people is influenced greatly by the
nature of the country which is its home. The Monte¬
negrins, like the Highland Scots, Welsh, Cossacks,
and Abyssinians, are independent, brave, and restive
under any attempt at compulsion. They are devoted
to the rocky corner of the Balkan Peninsula, which, they
claim, is the oldest independent country in Europe.
II is only half the size of Wales, and the}' wrest from
its reluctant soil a meagre and hard livelihood, but
they are ready to defend its integrity to the last
man. . •
Montenegro’s assistance cannot have a great effect
upon the main campaigns of the war. She is too
small and ill-equipped for that. But in the individual
bravery of her soldiers she yields first place to no other
nation in Europe, and she is playing her part gallantly
in the great cause, keeping active many thousands of
the Austrian soldiers who would otherwise be free to
reinforce the Germanic army corps pressing on Serbia,
and to help in the defence against the weight of the
Russian advance upon the heart of the central empires.
Serbian soldiers guarding a railway line. On the left, two Montenegrin
soldiers are guarding an ammunition supply on the Austrian frontier.
A camp of the unconquered soldiers of Montenegro on the Austrian frontier, where the small but brave Army of King Nicholas
massed in support of their Serbian allies and defended their own mountain fastnesses against Germanic aggression.
Pago 4U5
The War llluslrutcd, Ylth December , 1914.
How a French Sergeant Saved a Town
When the Germans attacked the little town of IVIontreux Vieux
they got as far as the canal. But no farther. Before they reached
the movable bridge across it, a sergeant who was on guard in the
bridge-house close by rushed out under heavy fire and coolly
turned the handle of the wheel by which the bascule is raised and
lowered until the roadway of the bridge stood horizontal on the
town side of the canal. That gallant, act, under circumstances
of peculiar danger, was practically the end of the assault. The
Germans did not care to attempt the erection of a temporary
bridge to enable them to make the crossing under the heavy fire
directed by the French artillery, so they abandoned the attempt
and beat a hasty retreat#
The TITar Illustrated, 12 th December , 1914.
Page 405'
Shooting Down the “Torpedo Craft of the Air”
A German photograph showing a German anti-aircraft
gun company prepared for action against a hostile aero¬
plane approaching in the distance.
A British Army biplane that collapsed and fell with its nose in the
earth in the position shown within the Allies’ lines at Villebrek, near
Ypres, during the violent battle at that much-bombarded town.
A British field-gun, tilted at high-angle range, and firing at a
German Taube aeroplane over the Allies’ lines in France.
An Austrian mitrailleuse, or machine-gun, specially mounted
for use against Russian air-scouts near Przemysl.
German Taube that killed two women and a child before being
brought down by the gun of a British armoured motor-car.
The German Taube, shown on the left, as food for a bonfire
after the engine had been removed by its British captors.
Page 407
l he IV ar Illustrated , 12 th December , 1914.
The War-fired Imagination of Berlin
This flight of fancy is the work of a German artist, whose imagination does him credit. The picture represents what the Germans
think will happen “ when we reach the coast of Kent.” The credulous people of Germany like to be fed on such fancies, and if they
please them, they also amuse us—especially when we note that not one solidary Briton disputes the German landing.
Another Berlin fancy—nay, a pictorial lie — showing the supposed
progress of a German troop through a Belgian town, when
every window flashed fire from the rifles of franc-tireurs. The
object is to justify murder and arson by the Germans in Belgium
The Germans hug the dream of an airship invasion of the land
of their deepest hate—England—and in this picture, published
in Berlin, a German artist shows the advance guard of the Zep¬
pelin fleet over London, dropping deadly bombs on the city below.
Pago 408
* 77 u irar Illustrated, 12 th December, 19 i 4 .
Blue Cross Workers Tending Wounded Horses
The first field contingent sent to the front by the promoters of the
Blue Cross movement, which has founded ten horse hospitals, all
supported by the voluntary contributions of lovers of animals.
A British cavalry scout, showing the care taken of his
horse, which, although slightly wounded, is bandaged
and looked after as well as if he were a human comrade.
British solicitude for Army horses is the admiration of our allies.
Here an Army veterinary surgeon is sewing up a slight wound.
humanity tending the horses which serve our soldiers so well.
famiHsu'"wfth thmanaoemBnt*an tFrlr* nf^hnnil. n u 'Hb e r s 230 men, was recruited in Canada, all its members being thoroughly
lives of as manv of ?h« Horace a «ce < -t»| 10r «* eS ‘ constitute a fighting unit, but their principal duty will be to try to save the
y t e horses as possible after an engagement, when there is often a useless and expensive waste of horse life.
The H f ar Illustrated, 12 th December , 1914
rewarded by
Lady Lethbridge (with Red Cross) is rendering valuable assistance to the
wounded at Calais. Above she is seen attending to a badly injured
Belgian at the Hospital Sophie Berthelot.
r
are suffering in the cause of liberty. Two nurses
supporting a wounded Belgian soldier.
Manly Courage
Womanly Devotion
Woll on the way to recovery, thanks to the care of the nurses. Injured
soldiers at the Prince of Wales’s Hospital, Tottenham, enjoying a peaceful
interlude prior to returning to the fighting-line.
The tender side of war. A fair French nurse helps a
wounded Algerian soldier to the indispensable
cigarette. The smoke of the guns has not affected
his partiality for the smoke of the weed.
Two leaders of Parisian society who are daily assisting in the removal
of the wounded from the Gare du Nord to the Paris hospitals.
The TT*ar Illustrated, 12 tit December 1914.
Page 410
HOW THE WAR
WAGES:
THE STORY OF THE
GREAT CONFLICT
TOLD WEEK BY WEEK
The King Goes to the Front
The Battle of Flanders
DEPORTS on December 2nd have it that the Germans
only mean to act on the defensive on the Yser, and are
concentrating all their strength—including one hundred and
QM Wednesday, President Poincare,
accompanied by the French Premier,
M. Yiviani, and General Joffre, paid a visit
to the British Headquarters. After a long
and cordial conversation between King
George and M. Poincare, his Majesty and
the President motored out together to the
British front in an open car. In the
British lines, where they met with
immense enthusiasm, they made a thorough
inspection of the arrangements for the
provisioning and supply of the army in the
field. A semi-State dinner was given in
the. evening to M. Poincare, at which the
Prince of Wales, Field-Marshal Sir John
French, and the Presidential suite were
present. M. Poincare and the French
Premier returned to Paris the same night,
while his Majesty walked among the troops
and visited bivouacs by night.
CYVLAIS, Boulogne, and the other Channel ports are
still the German objective, but during the past week
the enemy in Flanders has been, in the main, on the
defensive. This may have been because so many of their
first-line troops have been withdrawn, and despatched in'
all haste to the eastern theatre, where the situation for
the Teuton has been so critical. Even the bombardments
bv the Germans from Ypres up to the sea at Nieuport
and Dixmudc have been intermittent for the most parts
of the period.
* * *
o x the fifteen - kilometre front before Dixmudc. on
November 30th, the Germans commenced a general
retirement. It almost seemed as if the German Staff had
had to withdraw their big guns as well as their tried
men to the assistance of Field-Marshal von Hindenburg,
to give him his new title, conferred by the Ivaiser in
recognition of his brilliant success in momentarily
breaking the Russian centre in Poland. This, because
the enemy w as making use at points of some of the French
guns captured in September last at Maubeuge. Official
reports on November 30th declared that, while on that
day there had been a lively cannonade, no serious German’*
infantry attack had been made on the allied lines, and
that by his partial attacks the enemy had simply worn
himself out without achieving any results.
s°, quietly had King George, accompanied only by
Lord Siamfordham and Major Wigrant, left London on
Sunday afternoon, November 29th. for the front in France
on a v isit to the General Headquarters of the Expeditionary
Forces, that it was not till Monday evening that it became
generally known. There is something romantic in the
semi-mystery of his progress. The public are only
informed that when his Majesty and suite left Buckingham
Palace they proceeded to the coast, where a warship was
in waiting to convey them across the Channel. The
King arrived at a sjioi in France not disclosed on Monday
morning, where lie was met by the Prince of Wales, who
looked in the best of health. That day his Majesty
visited the wounded at the General Headquarters.
Tuesday he devoted to a round of calls at the base hospitals,
containing British, Indian, and enemy wounded.
THE KING'S KINDLY THOUGHT FOR INDIAN HEROES.
The Royal Pavilioh at Brighton—the pleasure house buift by George IV.— is a
[ structure of Oriental design, and is, perhaps, better calculated to remind an Indian
of home than any other building in England. It was a happy thought that inspired
King George when he commanded that the pavilion should be fitted up as a hospital
for wounded Indians. The^upper view gives part of the exterior, and the lower
shows interior preparations for the new purpose.
|\JOT since George II. fought at Dct.tin-
gen and led the charge of the Scots
Greys against a French army, one hundred
and seventy-one years ago, has a British
monarch taken a place among his troops on the field of
battle. This country was then fighting for the Germans
and against France; the converse be'ing the case at
the present moment. The'visit of his Majesty to the
front, without ostentation, has excited the warmest admira¬
tion both in France and in America, where it has been
contrasted. with the theatrical movements and ebullient
eloquence of the Kaiser as he rushes about the war
area
twenty thousand of the second and third line reinforcements
which have come from Gernyany to replace the active
troops taken to the cast—at Ypres, in order to attempt
once more the breaking of the British line which protects
the road to Calais and Boulogne. The allied forces at
and around Ypres have, notwithstanding, within the
past day or two gained certain advantages, and continue
everywhere to offer a strong resistance.
( Continue! on 412 .)
« ’
raire 411
I he II ar Illustrated , 12 lit December , 1914
Lt. J. L. WORDSWORTH, Lieut. N. G. S. MeGRATH, Lieut. W. A. F. SANDEMAN,
5th (Royal Irish) Lancers. 2nd Dragoon Gds. (Queen's Bays). Gordon Highlanders.
Lt. Lord H. B. F. CONGLETON,
Grenadier Guards.
Lieut. H. M. WARNER,
East Lancs Regiment.
Lieut. E. D. BAKER,
King’s Liverpool Regt.
Lieut. R. R. EGERTON,
Royal Engineer's.
Sec.-Lieut. I. R. MACRAE,
King’s Own Scottish Bord.
Lieut. R. C. GRAVES-SAWLE,
Coldstream Guards.
Photographs by Lafayette, Lambert Weston, Elliott <
Sec.-Lieut. J. DENNIS SHINE, Sec.-Lieut. R. C. L. PILLINER,
Royal Irish Regt. Royal Field Artillery.
Fry, Russell «fc Sons, s'tea in e, Speaight, Yandyk, Gate Js Puldcn,
Las a no , C lance l or, Cartwright.
Sec.-Lt. R. G. KER GULLAND,
. London Scottish.
Heath, Hills <£.• Sait add's.
The Toll of Britain’s Bravest ^
Col. R. J. MARKER. D.S.O.,
Coldstream Guards.
Major J. F. LODER SYMONDS,
S. Staffs. Regiment.
Lieut.-Col. M. C. A. GREEN,
S. Lancs. Regiment.
Major J. CHRYSTIE,
Royal Garrison Artillery.
Maj. the Hon. H. DAWNAY,
2nd Life Guards.
Lieut. I. M. E. WILKINSON,
Loyal North Lancs.
Lieut.-Colonel M. O. A. Green joined the South Lancaslrires in 1891, and mounted the
ladder of promotion, culminating in his assumption of the command of the (ith Service
Battalion. Colonel Marker, D.S.O., ot" the Coldstream Guards, Staff Officer,
performed brilliant active service in South Africa. He has been mentioned in Sir J< l»n
French’s despatches during this war, and was also decorated by the French President
with the Legion of Honour.
Major John Chrystie, of the Royal Garrison Artillery, came of a fighting race. Two
of his great-uncles served under Nelson. His father served in tlie Indian .Mutiny, and
his twin-brother. Major George Chrystie, was killed in a North-West Frontier raid in
India in 1912. Major the Hon. Hugh Dawnay, of the 2nd Life Guards, was a soil of
Viscount Downc, and was aide-de-camp to Earl Roberts when the latter was Commaiidcr-
ih-Chief.
Major Cadogan, of the 10th (Prince of Wales’s Own Royal) Hussars, was equerry to
the Prince of Wales before he joined his regiment for service, lie served in South Africa,
and acted as A.D.C. to King George during his tour in India in lOOiS-O. Captain W. s.
Douglas, of the Royal Engineers, who died from wounds received at Ypres, saw servic e
in Egypt an l South Africa, and for four years was Assistant-Director of Army Signals in
the Aldershot command. Lieutenant Lord Oongleton, of the Grenadier Guards, who
was killed in action, succeeded to the title in 190G, and is in turn succeeded by his brother,
Lieut, the Hon. J. 13. M. Parnell, R.N.
Maj. the Hon. W.G.S. CADOGAN, Capt. W. S. DOUGLAS,
M.V.O., 10th Hussars. Royal Engineers.
Lieut. C. L. CORNISH,
2nd Batt. Highland L.I.
The T Tar Illustrated, 12th December , 1914.
Page 412
HOW THE WAR WAGES
AS to the rest of the line eastward, between Bethune and
Lens, the Chateau and Park of Vennclles were carried
by assault on-December ist, “after a somewhat hot
encounter.” There were cannonading along the whole of
the Aisne front and unsuccessful infantry attacks in the
Argonne, while the Allies appreciably advanced in the
woods of La Grurie in the same region.
* * *
HffS German Funk Set In ?
rf" r ERTAlNLY, in some sections of the Germans now
being sent to the front, the disinclination to be
mowed down by our heavy artillery, machine-guns, and
splendidlv accurate rifle fire seems to indicate that, to put
it bluntly, funk ap- _
pears to be spreading
among the invaders’
most recent reinforce¬
ments. The Official
“ Eye-Witness ” with
the British Head¬
quarters. writing on
November 25th, said :
“It speaks wonders
for German discipline
that their officers
should be able to get
so much out of their
men, but an incident
which occurred re¬
cently in front of one
of our battalions
shows that the de-
’ mands made arc some¬
times beyond the limit
of human endurance.
The Germans were
holding the edge of a
wood, and in order to
attack our trenches
had to advance across
an open space of some two hundred
yards. After much shouting and cries
of "* Vonvarts,’ the first assault was
delivered. It was repelled, and the
enemy retired to the shelter of a wood.
The assault was repeated a second and
then a third time, being on each occa¬
sion preluded by louder exhortations.
Once again did our listening men hear
shouts of ‘ Vonvarts,’ but on this occa¬
sion these were greeted with loud
exclamations of ‘ Rein,’ ‘ Ncin,’ and no
advance was made.”
* * *
QN Monday, November 30th, the
Amsterdam “ Telegraaf ” stated
that on the previous Saturday several
hundreds of German soldiers had arrived
at Ghent handcuffed, having refused to
do duty. The same journal published
on December ist a telegram from Sluis,
stating that German naval officers had
been killed by their own troops and
buried at Ostend, and that discontent prevailed in the Navy,
many of the men being annoyed at having to do land
service. One of them told the correspondent that the
officers were often young men and arrogant, that the service
was very bad. and that the slaughter on the Yser was
" frightful.” A French official account reported that some
of our foot soldiers, two of whom knew German, having
crept up to a German trench south of Dixmude. heard the
officers giving the order to attack. The soldiers replied
by prayers and supplication, on which revolver shots were
fired in the trench, and the men attacked very feebly every¬
where afterwards,
* * *
The Grand Battle of Poland
most- various changes have accompanied during
the week, the tremendous effort made by Field-
Marshal von Hindenburg to frustrate the whole Russian
campaign in Poland. Ilis first effort failed, though he
managed to break the Russian centre. His second, an
attempt to outflank the Russian main arm33 involved
almost a complete disaster in the region of Lodz, where two
German corps under General von Mackensen were all but
surrounded. After the fiercest fighting, the German general
managed to extricate himself from the grip of the Russians.
* * *
o* the extreme right of the German line, strengthened
by reinforcements coming from Kalicz, a desperate
encounter took place on December ist near Laska,
where the line crosses the River Warthe, between
Sicradz and Lodz, against the Russians, but they were
repulsed. The Russians retook Strykow from Von Hinden¬
burg, and regained possession of the Lodz-Warsaw railwav’,
while a counter-movement made by the Germans to envelop
their right wing and cut off its communications with
Warsaw disastrously failed.
As to the other spheres of action, the Russians have
triumphed against the Turks both in the Black Sea at
Batum, and across the Caucasus in front of Erzcrum. In
the Persian Gulf British troops from India have captured
the Turkish positions there. Belgrade has been occupied
In - Austrian troops. The Serbian Army, according to English
correspondents, is worn out. and steps have been taken for
removing the capital.from Nish to Uskub, in Macedonia.
* * *
De Wet’s Inglorious End
”J~HE one-time brilliant leader of the Boers during the
guerilla warfare that preceded the Peace of
YcrCeniging, put an inglorious end to a career that won
T®
The Prince of Wales, with two staff officers, walking round the British positions
near General French’s headquarters at the front. The small photograph above
shows General French himself at his army headquarters.
him the idolatry of his compatriots and the respect of his
enemies. Ho raised the standard of revolt against the
Government of South Africa, not from any valid reason
dictated by national patriotism or political injustice to his
fellow Boers, but because ho had been fined five shillings
by a magistrate of British birth for flogging a native boy.
During the last few weeks, when he has been harried
chicfty by 103-alists of Boer birth, his actions and speeches
have suggested doubts about his sanit\ r , Anyhow, the
rebellion he sought to foment has. by the strong measures
of General Botha, been extinguished before it was well
alight, and at Waiterburg, in the Transvaal, about a hundred
miles west from Mafeking, ho was captured by Colonel
Coen Brits, with fifty-two of his men. There is- pathos in
the thought that a man with such a brave record should
go down to history with the word “ Traitor ” engraved
on his memory.
The War Illustrated, 12 th December, 1914
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-INDIAN INFANTRY
IV
The War Illustrated.
12th December, 1914.
Fill Our Soldiers’ Pipes—and Keep Them Filled
A Sixpence from you will send a Soldier in the Trenches One-and-Sixpence Worth of “Smokes
If a man saved your life Vou'would be
grateful to - him, * wouldn’t-ydu ? And you
wmild- think it an honour and would make
it your pleasure to do something for him.
The men at the front arc lighting for you
and forme—for your wife and mine;—for your
children and* mine—for your King ail'd mine—
for your country and mine. We, who cannot
go:- to the war, arc being defended—these
brave men are our defenders.
Let us do something for them—something
that is a very little thing for us, but that
means a.very great deal to them. Let us'
keep their pipes filled at their cold work in
the frozen trenches.
Our “ Something-to-Smoke ” Fund has
already collected £2,222', enough to send a
sixpenny package of tobacco and cigarettes
to almost 90,000 soldiers. As a matter of
fact, each of these 90,000 soldiers is receiving
from us a packet worth one-and-sixpcnce,
because the tobaccd'is’sent from bond without
having p&idihiy CiYstoms duty. ~ ■*'
Let us keep it up." Let us hot only fill the
pipes, but let 11s keej 5 them filled.
This picture shows what each soldier gets.
How many sixpences can you send ?
How many can you collect ?
How many soldiers will you make happy ?
“Every package paid for by a sixpence sent
by* you will have your name and address "on
it, so that the soldier who gets it will know
whom he has to thank,
It would require over £10,000 a week, to
give fcvery soldier at the front a jacket every
week. Thus we want as much ai\we can get
especially since our men, are now confronted
with the rigours of winter, and they want
cheering at their hard job more than ever
Please send your postal-orders addressed to
The War Illustrated
“ Something-to-Smoke ” Fund,
1 The Fleetway House,
. „ Farringdon Street,
London, E.C.
And don’t forget to put your name and address.
If you would like a collecting-sheet so that
you can get your friends to help with sub¬
scriptions, please ask for one at the same
time.
Donations Received during the Eleventh Week of the Fund
Special Collections
The eleventh week of our “ Something-to^
Smoke” Fund has brought us £215 15s. iod.,
which will provide a packet of smoking pleasure
to more than 8,500 “ Tommies,” and we are
adding over 850 pipes as our contribution.
Mrs. H. Hornshaw, £7 4s. ; Miss D. Bennett.
£7 ; Miss Curson, £6 8s. 6d. ; Misses Shackletoiv
and Page, £5 14s. ; Miss L. Ifagatc, £5 10s. 9d. ;
Miss S. Lock, £5 4s. 6d. ; Miss E. H. Storey,
£5,4s. 6d. ; Miss D: Smith. £5 Is. ; Mr. H.CorfiHil.
£5 ; Miss A. Evans. £4 5s.. 6d. ; Miss M. Perry.
£3 11s. 6d. ; Mr. \Y. Symes Mitchell, £3 5s. ;
Miss M. Logic. £3 Os. 2d. ; Miss Mayor, £3 ; MF>
G. Hinson, £2 16s. 8d. ; Mr. A. H. Matthews,
£2 13s. ; Miss G. Watson, £2 7s. 6d. ; Master P.
Upclier, £2 3s. ; Miss G. Hitler, £2 2s. ; Miss F.
Bugdell, £1 17s. 2d. ; Miss Jeannic Gorman.
£1 15s. ; Miss E. Davis, £1 14s. 2d. ; Miss X.
Davis, £1 13s. ; Miss M. Griffiths, £1 13s. ; Miss
1. Dourish, £1 12s. ; Mr. J. N. Jenkins, £1 12s. ;
Miss B. Beevcrs, £111s. 6d. ; Mr. W. Scott, £110s. ;
Mrs. E. Whittles; £1 10sr; ‘Miss E. Savage, £1 9s. ;
Aliss L. Goldberg, £1 8s. 6d. ; Miss D. H. Harley.
£1 7s. 6d. ; Mr. H. Phillips, £1 6s.. 6d. ; . Mr.,
Harry Freeman, £1 ,6s. Id. ; Mrs. Bentham,
£1 6s. ; Mr. E. Horan, £1 6s. ; Miss Larkin,*
£1 6s. ; Miss M. Lawrence, £1 6s. ; Miss M.
O’Hara, £1 5s. ; Mr. F. Mardcn, £1 5s. ; Mrs.
A. J. Mousdell, £1 3s. ; Miss J. Sloane, £1 2s. 6d. ;
.Mr. W. Cairns, £1 Is. ; Air. J. Chifncy, £1 Is. ;
Miss Annie Evans, £1 Is. ; Master It. .House,
£1 Os. 6d. ; 'Master F.Tcslic Brooks, £1 ; Miss E.
Crowe, £1 ; Airs. Eastwood, £1 ; AIrs % W. Johnson,
£1 ; Air. J. C. Lyell, £1 ; Air. W. Simms,'£1 ;
Airs. E, Quipcey, £1 ; Air. Joe Sambrook, £1 ;
Aliss E. Rowell; 18s. lOd.Airs. Eva Mills,17s. 6d. ;
.Mr. W. George Horde,; 15s. ; AH. B._ Greenfield,
T4s. 6d. ; Air. G. Dawson, 14s. ; Air. A. E. Cannot,
13s. ; Aliss E. Kemp, 13s. ; Aliss Maud Winsctt,
13s. ; .Miss Ivy AI. Josey, 12s. ; Airs. -Lawrie.
11s. 6d. ; Alaster A. Jackson, 11s. ; Air. Albert
Tow, 11s. ; Miss K. Aloorc, 10s. 7d. ; Air. H. K.
Buck, 10s. 6d. ; Mr. W. •Armstrong, jun., 10s. ;
Aliss AI. Hollows, 10s. ; Air. S. Htighcs, 10s. ;
Air. F. Sarbutt, 10s. ; Aliss E. Self, 10s. ; Air. A.
Turley, 10s. ; Aliss K. Catfecty, 9s. ; Airs. A. Par-
fitt, 93.; Miss-Alice Howies, 8s.; Air. Henry
Hutcheson, 8S. ; 'Air. W. G. Williams, 7s. 6d. ;
Airs. J.- Henderson, J7s. ; • Aliss V. .Stevenson,
6s. 6d. ; Miss F. Jones, 6s. 3d. ; Aliss AI. Latham,
6s. ; AliSs B." Alanning,' 5s. 2d. ; Air.‘E. Brown,
5s. ; Aliss G. Holdsworth, 5s. ; Aliss G. Wells,
,5s. ; MissL.-Grimshawy4s, 6d. ; Mrs. V. Wareham.
3s. 6d. ; Aliss L. Lane, 3s. 2d. ; Miss K. Barlf,
3s. ; Air. A. Smith, 2s.‘ 9d."; .Air. J. Davies, 2s. 6d. ;
Mr. F.-Bishop, 2s, 3d. ; -Miss Alclntosh, 2s. ; Aliss
Bessie Lister, Is. ; Air. Ernest A. Bromley, 6d. ;
Mr. Albert Hay, 6d...
Donations
1 Donation of £10 400 presents for soldiers.
Per Annie Cragg (Bessie Ronald, Maggie Hartley,
Jessie Tyldsley, Annie Cragg, Phyllis Richardson..
May Sproull, Eleanor Richardson. Alay Bryson,
Nora Clmlk, Edna Tyldsley—ten English girls in
Petrograd).
1 Donation of £5= 200 presents for soldiers.
Collected by Tom Veitch.
1 Donation of £3 14s. 9d. = 149 presents for
soldiers.
Collected by Aliss Vera Holdom.
1 Donation of £3 5s.=130 presents for
soldiers;
Per T. Jackson (the men of Boots’ Printing
Department, Nottingham).
Donation of
Per P. Alason.
Donation of
£1 11s. = 62
soldiers.
£1 5s. =50
soldiers.
Airs. P. B. Findlay, Aliss V. I. Findlay, Aliss
E. F. Findlay, Airs. K. B. Findlay, Air. P.* B.
Findlay, and Airs. F. Brodie.
2 Donations of £1 =80 presents for soldiers.
Air. and Airs. Crawshaw ; E: Sanders'.
1 Donation of 17s. 6d.=35 presents for
• soldiers.
Per E. A. Natchorn (collected in box on counter).
1 Donation of 15s. 30 presents for soldiers.
I.*Diuicanson.
1 Donation of 13s.- 26 presents for soldiers.
A. E Hudson.
1 Donation of 12s. 24 presents for soldiers.
Albert Beardshall, Clem Cundy, Annie, Gladys,
and Lizzie.
1 Donation of 11s.=22 presents for soldiers.
A. F. Goodfieke.'
10 Donations of 10s. 200 presents for
soldiers.
Aliss Katherine E. Btibb ; Aliss Fo"x ; collected
by Aliss P. Cunlitfe ; * Airs. Farmer'and family;
collected by James Inglis ; Herbert Far north ;
Aliss Ethel Tindale (4th donation) ; 'B.' Venning
and S. Rogers ; collected by Annie Worthington ;
--
1 Donation of 9s.6d. =19 presents for soldiers.
Per K. Booker. • - r -
2 Donations of 8s. 32 presents for soldiers.
Airs. SancTham and friends ; Edward J. Rogcfsoh.
2 Donations of 7s. = 28 presents for soldiers.
Aliss Minifred Evelyn- Jones ; collected by Jack
-Bourne,Gaged VI I3rd donation).
1 Donation of 6s. 6d.= 13 presents for
Vf. E. Hebden. soldiers -
3 Donations of 6s. =36 presents for soldiers.
Aliss Redman ; L. B. Xeilson •; Miss Winifred O.
Alatterson (6s. 2d.). 4 *«
1 Donation of 5s. 6d.=11 presents for
soldiers. _
Collected by Aliss Beatrice 3?arnes from the
children of Berkeley {School, • Berkeley Square,
Bristol.
37 Donations of 5s. = 370 presents for
soldiers.
V Pollie ” ; Arrs. Flocktoti; P. Hamper; Aliss
Alary Hargreavc ; per Florence Snell (the girls of
Standard A il. of Calvert Road Girls-Sehool, Green¬
wich) ; U. B. Walker ; Aliss AI. Wrathall; An Old
Smoker ; the Boys of Standard IV,, Orrell Council
School, Wigan ; Air. G. Attenborough ; “ Batche¬
lor’s ” ; Alavis, Sefton Constable ; Air. and Airs.
Hayes : Arthur D. Hogg ; i W. Hicks ; T. S.
Hasluck ; Leonard W. King, Edgar Bridge, and
Fred. J. Hossack; Aliss Elizabeth AIcDougall;
Aliss Rose Aliles ; the Infants of Styal Oak School,
2s.- 6d. ; Alollie and Gertrude Aliddleton, 2s. .Cd. ;
Lucy Patient and Ada Smith ; W. O. Roberts <fc
Co. ; Aliss Slocombe, T. Slocombe, F. Slocdmbe,
and Alaster E. Slocombe ; Ewart J. Jones ; Janies
Kemp; Elsie R. Chum: Alarjorie Hinton;
Willie Guy Joy ; E. Unsworth ; per F. W.- Stevens,
class master (the boys of the 1st Class, at Lucas
Street L.C.C. School, Deptford); Airs. A. K.
James ; Aliss May Bexfleld ; Winifred Pratt;
Thos. and Aliss Ina Robinson ; Aliss B. Thomson ;
Airs. Cobb ; Airs. E. Nott and Airs. Colin.C. Cave.
6 Donations of 4s. = 48 presents for soldiers.
Aliss E. L. Blunt ; - per A. AI. Hurst; Aliss Alary
Boydell and A. AI. Hurst; Alexander Grant:
collected by Alaggie - Smith (aged 13) and Dora
Collett (aged 13), 'from making paper ilowers;
Aliss AI. Gabbay ; Aliss Seeley.
presents for 4 Donations of 3s. 6d.=28 presents for
soldiers.
Aliss Euphemia AIcKillop ; Belle Nutter; pro
eeeds of sale of dolls’ shoes made by Marjorie
Harradeu (aged 10 ); per Jos. Win. Whitehouse
(a few shopmates, Walsall).
presents for
16 Donations of 3s. = 96 presents for soldiers.
F. Hughes Sons ; per AI. H. Alann (the children
of Jst Class of St. Margaret’s C.E. School, Naviga¬
tion Road, York); Aliss E. E. Tanner; Hilda
Waterfield (aged 3); ’“'Philip-”;' Aliss Vines;
•collected by Christopher H. E. Ellis ; John Mantle ;
Nella Owen; Aliss Rickards ; Margaret Scaris
brick; Aliss Ward; Airs.* Durham; Geraldine
Hansor; Aliss S. AI. Clapp; Aliss AI. A. E.
Thompson.
56 Donations of 2s. 6d. = 280 presents for
soldie:|p
Richard Carr ; AI. and J. Rae ; F. Baker ; R. J.
Bryant; F. Emery ; W. H. Fleash ; Aliss Rae
Hamilton ; Aliss L. AL Jones ; per F. A. Kitchen
Edna and Edgar Robinson ; “A Scott ie ” ; Airs
Skurr; Aliss Alillie Titlow; Alaster Richard
Trenwith (aged 13); Georgie butler (aged.9); Airs.
Cross ; X. Dadswell; per V. F. Edwards ; Louie H.
Freeman (2nd donation); John (bites : Aliss Nora
Gamble ; M. A. H. ; G. E. Harris ; Mabel Hocking ;
.Rev. /Thomas, Keogh ; per Airs. Lucovich (Percy
and Enid): per Aliss Lee; Aliss Browne; Aliss
Ford; “From Bicester.” ; Aliss E. AIcRae; J.
Parnell; Air., Eva, and Frank Rawlings; H
Staples ; per Harold Sharp, pupil (the boys of
Standards 1. and II. of the High Barnet C.E. School);
Aliss E. Shouler ; Airs. J.. E. Thomson ; L. H.
Tinsley (19); Aliss X. Julie ; Ralph Vince (aged 8) ;
'Aliss;- T. Webster; J. C,. Robson; Mary Jane
Edmonds, Lizzie Christian, Cicely Lee,' AI.'A.
-Gold,-and M. A. Bingham; It. F.. Smallbones ;
“ Crouch End Volunteer ” ; Aliss AI. E. Henshall ;
E. AI. Fellows ; Aliss Alay Edwards ; Alice Todd ;
Rev. J. E. Samuel.
59 Donations of 2s. = 236 presents for
soldiers.
Winifred Bennett; per T. W. Chant; Air. T.
Davys ;. Aliss I). A. Johnson; Aliss Jean Aliller ;
Fred H. Stalford ; Airs. Ann Stone ; AI. J. Thomas ;
Cathie, Ella, and Bertie Yetts; Aliss Hamilton
Brock; Aliss D. Brown; per H. J. Gould (the
assistants of London House, Dorchester ) ; Aliss
Grace E. Hadow; Aliss Florence Hunt; Aliss
Jessie Imlah ; George Price ; W. Short; Mrs. E.
AViddop ; Alis C. Winter ; “ A Jack Tar's Wife ” ;
Airs. G. Armstrong ; F. Arnold -Armitage ; Air.
and. Airs,. Banks ; E. AI. Bryden-; Jean and Katie
'Baird; Miss N. Browning; Castel Cane; Edith
Cox; Air. and Airs. S r . Darling ; Nathaniel Ginsberg
and Francis S. Knowler ; Kitty Daily ; Aliss Janie
Ireland; Airs. (). Russell; AI. Spencer; Stanley
Lynch ;- Airs.-Wilson ; Arthur J. Anton ; Airs. K.
Ayre;- Aliss Elsie Camp; N. A. C/; collected by
Robina Davidson (aged 12); per Airs. F. Eastlfend ;
“ Two Friends at Gravels ” ; Airs. E. Lane ; A. H.
(Mitcham); Air. R. Olierton ; F. Risdon; Aliss S.
Turner ;. Aliss AI. Harrey ; E. J.'C.f; Aliss E.
Collinson.; The Alaxfields Family; Miss;Kitty
Slater; Aliss A. Wheldon; Mrs. E. Widdop;
Aliss Barbara Sandbers ; Alay and Aleg White;
Herbert Holmes; Aliss Beatrice Senior; Aliss Vi.
Scott and Jim Jardine ; D. S. Bayley and R. S.
Starkey, 2s. 2d.
17 Donations of Is. 6d.
1 „ „ Is. I3d.
68 „ „ Is.
39 „ „ 6d.
for which we thank the donors, but which space
does not allow us to acknowledge by name.
= 228 presents
soldiers,
for
Co., Toronto
, London, E.C,
The W'ur Illustrated, 19 th December, 1911.
Registered at the G.P.O. as a Newspaper.
ORDER CHRISTMAS ‘WAR ILLUSTRATED’ TO-DAY
(On Sale next
Wednesday)
Retjei. far Canadian
Magazine Post-
THE RED CROSS HEROINE IN THE FIELD OF DANGER
The ir«r Illustrated , 19 /A December, 1914 .
THE CHRISTMAS ISSUE OF “THE WAR
ILLUSTRATED ”
Xexi week’s issue of The AV.\k Illustrated wilPcontam
a large number of interesting new photographs, j^st 're¬
ceived from the Continent, and'although there wilt b.c no
departure lrOnt our strict editorial policy of presenting
week by week the largest possible selection of photographic
records of actilal hostilities, our next issue will be given a
special dress, appropriate to the' ’Christinas season; anth
wilt be found exceptionally attractive, i • ’
Readers-should note -that, i<T view of the Christmas
holiday, next week’s number will be published throughout
the country on Wednesday instead of Thursday, and as
it is anticipated that large quantities of the Christmas week
issue will lie wanted for sending to soldiers at the front
and sailors with the British Fleet, those who require extra
copies should order the same from their newsagents im¬
mediately to avoid the possibility pf disappointment.
A CHRISTMAS THOUGHT FOR OUR
BRAVE SOLDIERS
By the Editor
ITHIN a. few days we shall be wishing each other a
Merry Christmas. And most of us shall have a Merry
Christmas. But we have all narrowly missed having
a more miserable and tragic Christmas than we or our
lathers or our grandfathers ever experienced.
The enemy was not at our gates—but he was trying, with
a determination that exceeded everything in the history of
war, to get there. That we are not having a German in¬
vasion/with scenes of destruction - before which even the
honors of Louvain might have paled is due to the skill
of the commanders of our khaki lines and our silent Fleet,
and to the bravery of our soldiers and sailors.
There is no home Christmas'for these men this year.
Many thousands of them are spending their Christmas in
hospital, many of them racked.with pain, some of them
with limbs amputated. Those in the fighting-line, although
they feel the moral glow that accompanies brilliant achieve¬
ment and the sense of work superbly done,‘are yet’iri'the
midst of physical discomfort beyond anything that we at
home have experienced. . • . ... .,
They have got to do the hard work—we cannot spare
them that. But we can mitigate the discomfort of that
hard work somewhat. They are well fed and warmly
clothed, but the authoritiesdo not make adequate provision
of tobacco and cigarettes for the men who have got the
Kaiser’s 'army in. Belgium and France by the throat and are
slowly strangling its effectiveness.
The provision of “ smokes.” is a work that should be a
pleasure for you and me. The “ Something-to-Smoke ”
Fund-which I started three months ago has done a good deal
for the men in the-way of smoking comforts. The
contributions of my readers have come to about £2,500 to
date, enough to give a parcel of tobacco and cigarettes to
nearly one hundred thousand men. My contribution has
been, almost.ten thousand shilling pipes.
The worst of it is that a package does not last many
days. It goes up in smoke, and the grateful recipient is
ready for another package before I am able to let him have
one. The money avadable is not enough to keep up a
regular supply. Thcrelore I want you to keep up your
contributions—to increase them if you can.
Every sixpence buys tobacco worth one-and-sixpcnce in
this country, because it goes without paying any Customs
duty. And every package goes with the name and address
of the donor who sent up the sixpence that purchased that
individual package. Thousands of my readers have had
grateful postcards from soldiers whose names thev never
heard before. ^
Please look at the particulars of the donations received
curing the twelfth week of the fund. (See bach page of cover.)
Then, amid your Christmas present-giving, spare some
sixpences for our soldiers—as many as you can—and ad¬
dress your contributions to the .“ Something-to-Smoke ”
Fund, The Fleetway House, F'arringdon Street, London, E.C.
ii
OUR DIARY OF THE WAR.
(For our Diary of Events in the Great War prior to November
29tb, see previous issues of “ The War Illustrated.”.)
Xov. 21).—Progress of Allies north and'-south of Ypres and in the '
'neighbourhood of Chaulnes. _ ■ .
King George left London to visit the, army m the field. -
Xov: 30.— Report of Russian success close to Cracow. r
Publication of French Yellow Book reviewing events preceding
outbreak.pf war. - - 1
Drc. r. t— King George visited base hospitals containing British, Indian,
* and German wounded. ■
Allies advance between Bethune and Lens and on the Argonne.
Fifty-eight British officers awarded the D.S.O.
King George visited the British F'ield Headquarters and the
fighting-line. • -- . »
Dec. 2. — Belgrade reported occupied by the Austrians.
De Wet captured at Waterburg, a hundred miles west of
Male king, with about fifty followers. - 1
1 he German Chancellor makes a speech in Reichstag charging
Great Britain with responsibility for the war.
Dec. 3.—National .Relief Fund (Prince Of Wales’s Kund) reported to
exceed £ 4 , 000 , 000 . : - " ~ -
Russians reported to be within three miles of the forts of Cracow.
Signor Salandra, the. lialian Premier,..announces in -the .Italian
Parliament the adhesion of his Government to the policy of
neutrality.. „ . .
A meeting of the four International Football Associations held
in London recommends the abandonment of International matches
f ir the season.
Expeditionary Forces from Australia and New Zealand an¬
ti >unced as having landed in Egypt to complete their training, and
to assist in defence of Egypt if necessary.
Dec. p—Publication of General French’s despatch, covering a despatch
from Major-General A. Paris, in command of the British Marines
and Naval Brigades that assisted the defence'of Antwerp.
King George confers the Order of the Garter upon King Albert
and the Order of Merit upon Field-Marshal Sir John'French.
Dec. 5 — King George returns from the battle-front to London.
Portuguese cabinet resigns.
British Government prohibits imports of tinned meats and tin¬
plates to Sweden, Denmark, and Holland; of tea to all European
ports, except those of France, Russia, Belgium, Spain, and Portugal;
and of tanning extracts to all destinations. -
Operations by General Botha result ill capture of 820 Free State
rebels. - -. .
Dec. 5-9— British expeditionary force in the Persian Gulf territory
gains 'a series of successes,- giving them complete control of the
country from the junction of the'Euphratcs.and Tigris to the'sea.
Dec. 6,-LMlies advance and obtain a foothold on the eastern side of
Ypres Canal.' - - - - , . ■:
Germans claim to have entered Lodz. •
French airmen raided the aeroplane sheds of Freiburg in
Alsace.h .
British Foreign Office publishes answer to Germany’s allegation
that Great Britain intended to- violate Belgian neutrality-.
Reported success of Serbian Army on the North-West frontier
of Serbia. ' i
Dec. 7 .—“ Appreciable progress ’’ of Allies between Ronboye Parvillers
and I.c Qucsnay-en-Santerre.
Dec. 8 .—Official Petrograd statement admits the loss of Lodz, which'
was evacuated without the loss of a man.
British naval squadron under Sir Frederick Stnrdce announced
to have attacked a German. squadron under Admiral Conut von
Spec, near the Falkland Islands, and to have sunk the warships
Schamhorst, Gneisenau, and Leipzig.
President-Wilson’s message-'to United States Congress lore-*
shadows a. scheme of military and naval defence.
Official Berlin message announces the Kaiser’s illness.
. Publication by the Press Bureau of the various proclamations
issued by the German military authorities in Belgium.
After having defeated three Austrian army corps and taken
10,000 prisoners and many guns and stores, the Serbians retook
the town of Valtevo.
Dec. 0 .— Reported that German airmen dropped bombs on Warsaw
and damaged the American Consulate.
Genera! C. F. Beyers, formerly Commandant-General of the
Citizen Force of the Union of South Africa, who joined with others
in the attempted rebellion, reported drowned while endcavounn ■'
to cross the Vaal River. 0
NOTICE TO READERS AT THE FRONT
The Editor ol The War Illustrated would be very-
glad to receive photographs of incidents taken in any part
oi the field of operations ior reproduction m this publication.
Payment would be made on acceptance Film negatives
of any size, provided they are clear in detail, would be
quite as suitable as finished prints, and it will be understood
by the Editor that any photographs sent to him are not
being offered to other publications at the same time.
Address: The Editor, The War Illustrated, The Fleetway
House, Farringdon Street, London, E.C.
.h£1?"^. 0 r ,e,al !, te ‘ er r en ‘ 9 ave particulars of a German ruse
that almost succeeded —but failed. A group of what looked like
BuTexo See " g 2 th ? rin 9 Potatoes in a field at Senones.
to be MP.?,? anrf Q devices of war had taught the French
to be careful, and a critical inspection from a distance left no
the fact that the potato-gatherers were enemy soldiers in
s 9 u \® e * So the French opened fire, and the wearers of women '9
*S P ay l d a V g '!_ lty ,n skipping off that confirmed the verdict
Fronch. As the Germans fled precipitately their lifted
skirts revealed the military boots of Prussian Grenadiers.
Pago 414
The W ar Illustrated , 19 th December, 1914 .
The march-past of Belgian troops before King George and King Albert during the visit of the former to the field of hostilities
in the first week of December., Next the Prince of Wales, who stands behind King George, is Sir Pertab Singh.
AN HISTORIC INTERLUDE IN THE WAR
The King’s Visit of Honour to the Army
B ENEATH the leafless boughs of a double file of trees,
arching a Flemish' road near the River Lys, a'grcat
host of war-worn cavalrymen had reined up. For
a mile they and their horses formed a double fence of power
on either side the long, straight, muddy highway. There
they waited. At last, in the distance, a beloved figure
appeared in the quiet, green-brown uniform of a British
officer. Thunderous cheers of joy came from the ten
thousand warriors. All their swords, waving in welcome,
flashed in the light of the December srfnset and twinkled
amid the wintry trees in an endless vista down the guarded
road. George the Fifth, King of all the Britons, Emperor
of India, was passing through the ranks, ranged by the
scene of the most glorious victory ever won by British arms.
It was four hundred years since an island-born king had
moved amid his soldiers on the European continent. On
the same road, in the summer of 1513, the young Tudor
monarch Henry VIII. marched into Flanders behind his
horsemen, who had just won, at Guinegateon the River Lys„_
the Battle of the Spurs. This, however, was only a brilliant
cavalry charge in a brief, spectacular campaign. To find
the last real historical parallel to the great event in the
first [week in December we must go back five hundred'
years, and then turn to the plain of Agincourt, close to the
upper course of the same River Lys. There Henry of
Monmouth, in the autumn of T415, reviewed a few thousand
English men-at-arms and archers after their wonderful
victory over hostile forces three to four times as numerous.
"Our sons will remember YpreS,” said a wounded
soldier lying in hospital, smiling and content in his pain..
" Yes, our sons will remember Ypres ! ” And the thrilled,
happy peoples of the islands, they too were thinking of
Ypres, and wondering what they could do to show their
little army of heroes on-the Continent their love, their
gratitude, their joy, their pride. There Was a million
young men training for war and eager to help their comrades
over sea. But they could not at once go in strong numbers
to the veteran troops who were still keeping the road to
Calais against an overwhelming horde of foes.
Then it was that King George set out on his historic
voyage across the narrow seas where the enemy’s sub¬
marines were still moving, stealthily and vainly, in search
of prey. All that hfs peoples were feeling lie felt in a deep,
quiet, passionate way, and going back to the great prece¬
dents of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, he landed
in France, amid the British Expeditionary Force, on the
last day in November. No pinchbeck War Lord was he,
trying to keep up, in an era of intense military specialisation,
a pretence of being the chief captain in' war. He left the
men-who had given their whole lives to apprenticeship in
the art of high command the full honour of their positions.
He was a trained sailor, who could take a light cruiser into
action, and with fine modesty he claimed no more know¬
ledge of practical warfare than that. To him, his admirals
and his generals, his captains and his colonels, were men
to be listened to, as he would listen to men of science.
He came to his army as the general leader of all his
(Continued on page 41G.)
1
The 3,250-ton German light
cruiser Leipzig, sent to the
bottom of the South Atlantic.
Tago 415
The War Illustrated, \%th December, 1914 .
G lor ious Naval Victory in the South Atlantic
The Gorman armoured cruiser, Scharnhorst, the flagship of Admiral
Graf von Spec, photographed| in Portsmouth Harbour with Nelson’s old
flagship Victory. The portrait on the right is the victor of the Falkland
islands Battle, Vice-Admiral Sir FREDERICK STURDEE.
ON December- gth the British Admiralty issued the following statement:
■ . At 7.30 'a.m. 011 December 8th the Scharnhorst, Gneisenau Numbera
Leipzig, and Dresden were sighted near the Falkland Islands by a British
squadron under Vice-Admiral Sir Frederick Sturdee. A11 action followed-
in the course of which the Scharnhorst, flying the (lag of Admiral Graf von Spec’
the Gnetsenau, and the Leipzig were sunk. The Dresden and the Nurnberg
-inaae^oft J chining the action, and on the following day news was received
r that ; the mirnberg was sunk. Two colliers were also captured. The* vicc-
- admiral reports that the British casualties arc very few. Some survivors have
been rescued from the Gneisenau and the Leipzig.”
These'few sentences conveycif'to the-world news of the-important British
victory, which, in the words of ‘.‘The Times,” constituted “a dramatic act
?h r g r . 1 .V utlon - 11 'jas Admiral von Spec who won for Germain- the battle off
-rue! 1 co< '! st 011 November rst, when Admiral Craclock went down,
the Scharnhorst and the Gneisenau were 11,600 ton battle-cruisers each
carrying eight S‘2 guns and 763 men, and the Leipzig was a small cruiser of 3 2=0
tons, carrying ten 41 in. guns and 286 men.
Vice-Admiral' Sir Frederick Charles Doveton Sturdee. who sent his name
echoing round the world with the news of his glorious victory, was Chief of (lie
War Staff at the Admiralty, and it surprised both friend and foe to know
that tie was in the South Atlantic and not in a Whitehall office
The irar Illustrated , 19f. 7 i December , 1914.
THE KING’S VISIT TO THE ARMY
peoples. By his presence on the field of battle he desired
Jo show his incomparable soldier's what their country
thought of their heroic achievements, from Mohs anil
le Cateau, from the Marne to the Aisne, and—greatest feat
f>i all—the defence of Ypres. In days of peace he had
paid visits of honour abroad to Emperors, Kings, and
Presidents. Now he went on the Continent to pay a visit
honour to the British private soldier and the Indian
private soldier. This memorable act of State began on
Tuesday, December ist, with a tour to the Indian troops
suad the new 4th Army Corps. Two boy gunners, neither
twenty years of age, had the Victoria Cross piriqed "on
their tunics by their King. Then the troops,’lining the
roads dose to the German trenches, gave a fierce, long-
rustaiued shout that must have startled the, enemy' and
set them wondering. The King went walking down the
lines, his eyes sparkling with interest, his face radiant
with happy pride in the fighting men of his Empire. He
inspected their trench kit of goatskins and strawbags, and
iccorated their luckiest heroes.
So far-stretched was the British front that the next
morning, Wednesday, King George [had to motor seventy
miles in order to visit his 3rd Army Corps. All branches
i-f the service greeted him with loyal affection, and, keen
[on practical details, he inspected their rest-homes, their
‘baths, and the place in which they made charcoal for use
sa warming braziers in the trenches.
On Thursday the gallant ist and and Army Corps,
under Sir Douglas Haig and Sir Horace Smith-Dorricn,
mere visited by his Majesty. They were the veterans of
She battlefield, having come’ into action at Mons on August
"end, and fought for a month without a single day’s rest
till they entrenched on the Aisne. From the headquarters
of the end Corps King George went on to the battlefield.
Page 416
On his right were the factory chimneys of Lille ; on his
left was the ruined Cloth Hall of Ypres, with German
howitzer shells bursting in the town as he watched, and
sending up their columns of black smoke. A British
battery', close at hand, opened fire in turn on the enemy’s
trenches. The King now stood in the centre of the conflict..
All through his visit the sound of the enemy’s guns and
the thunder of the British batteries had rung in his ears.
Hostile aeroplanes, with bombs, had risen on the northern
sky-line ; but their pilots had not approached. Far over
the head of our Imperial King circled for a week a guard
of airmen. The British army knew how to defend its
monarch against every form of'attack. It had the lordship
of the air as well as an invincible front.
When the Kaiser was reviewing his troops at Thielt, a
little while before a grand assault on our lines at Ypres, he
narrowly escaped from a British air attack. Less than
thirty' months before this happened, King George had gone
to Famborough to inspect the British Flying Corps. It
then consisted of six officers with two inferior machines.
Now, in spite of Zeppelins and German world-records for
aeroplane flights, our men hold the practical command
of the sky'. Deep must have been King George’s solemn
pride in his troops when on Saturday, December 5th, he
bade them, for a while, farewell. And well indeed will they,
fare after the deserved honour he has paid them—kindly',
courteously, simply, like a true father of his people. He
has touched the imagination of his troops, even as he
touched, by visiting and decorating with the most noble
Order of the Garter King Albert the Brave, fighting in
the last corner of free Belgium, the imagination of the
heroic Belgians. The British soldier feels at last the
pulse of his Empire beating in time with his brave heart.
This is no slight inspiration amid the strange loneliness,
discomfort, and perils of the fire.-swept winter trenches
that bar the road to Calais.
fub^arinTa 6 weTkno^to' in h8SU . b ., ma ^ ie H 8et 4£ at J"i ards our coasts tak8n from a cross-Channel steamer when German
euhmannee were known to b< °>£™ting in the vicinity. The body of the submarine ia beneath the water, its conning-tower, with its
crew, is clear of the water, and its back is being washed by the waves.
Page 417
Dastard Fighting—A
r |'IiE British regiments have lost many men in the
battles of France because they fought fair and gave
the German enemy the credit of fighting fair—until bitter
experience taught them that to gain an advantage the
Germans are prepared to outrage every moral code and
every human sentiment. The accepted’ immunity of the
Red Cross from attack, the recognised restrittion against
: the use of the Red Cross by combatants, the white flag_
all these have been abused by the unscrupulous spoilers
of Louvain and the murderers’of women and children.
The picture below.illustrates an incident vouched for as
fact by creditable authority. A funeral cortege approached
The IT’ar Illustrated, 13 th December, 1914 .
Machine-gun Funeral
a British trench, a priest leading the prayers, and wcepirm
mourners behind. The British officer, with the respect ot
his class for the dead, Ordered his men to stand at the salute
as the procession passed—and then, suddenly, tlje pall was
thrown off, a machine-gun disclosed, and the British tren-ii
was raked by a fire that killed or wounded every man in it.
The IFair Illustrated, 19 th December, 1914 . ' a ° L
Where Russian meets Hun amid Poland s Snows
A Russian Red Cross van fitted with sleighs to enable it to follow the troops
expeditiously over the frozen roads and fields of war.
A prize for Hindenburg. Coils of barbed-wire which
were left behind by the Russians during a retreat.
Tea in place of vodka. A Russian soldier regaling himself at an improvised
cafe in a Warsaw street. He looks as if he could well do with the “ cup that cheers.”
Trenches which were abandoned by the Russians
in the Lodz district for strategic reasons.
Troops of the great Army of the “Little Father” marching
through a city in Poland, well equipped for the winter struggle
with the Kaiser’s hordes. The sleighs on the snow-covered
highway give an impression of the climatic conditions which
may help in the decision of the greatest contest in history, only
fugitive details of which, except the evacuation of Lodz, have yet
come through the official filter. The hardy Muscovite is le6S
liable to feel the effects of winter campaigning than the Hun.
Pago 419
The 1 V.ar Illustrated, 19 th December, 1914 .
German Efforts to Stay the Russian Avalanche
W&00
WSS$: mm
German outposts searching, the horizon for Cossack legions. Prussia is ^taking
her all on the stupendous contests in the East. The whole world follows the
movements of the Grand Duke Nicholas and Field—Marshal von Hindenburg with
breathless interest and anxietv.
An Austrian gun and team, torn up by shrap¬
nel, on an East Prussian battlefield. Our
enemies' horses are ridden and driven to death
with reckless brutality and indifference.
Uhlan prisoners under a guard of Cossacks. The German losses in prisoners
have been enormous, no fewer than ten thousand having been registered at
one point alone on the Russian front.
How the Germans are digging themselves in in East Prussia.
The thoroughness of their earthworks is a feature of the present
campaign, and may be judged from the photograph above.
Inset is a portrait of Field-Marshal von Hindenburg and some of
his Staff. The would-be Napoleon of 1914 may be said to have
the future of the Hohenzollerns in his keeping. His endeavour
to break through the Russian centre all but met with disaster, and
his escape from annihilation cost him unparalleled losses.
The ll’rtr Illustrated , 19 /h December , 1914.
Pago 420
Heralding the Deliverance of Alsace-Lorraine
Some French infantry entrenched on the eastern frontier of France
in sight of the lost provinces of Alsace-Lorraine. France is fully
confident of regaining this rich and beautiful territory.
How the Germans cover their retreat. Some French soldiers
guarding the viaduct of Dannemarie (Alsace) blown up by the
enemy before giving way to the French advance.
The European campaign has been aptly termed a war of “ dug-
outs.” A typical trench on the French eastern frontier. There
are three hundred miles of similar trenches in this district.
On the loo k—out for the unspea kable 11 Boche.” Some French soldiers
watching the horizon from an improved earthwork. In this retreat
they are well sheltered from the weather and stray bullets.
THE day when Alsace-
1 Lorraine is restored to .
France will be one of great re¬
joicing and happiness. These
beautiful Rhine provinces have
been under the tyrannous heel
of Prussia for upwards of forty
years. • • .■•-«* * -
A touching ceremony took
place recently in that part of
Alsace regained by the French
troops, when General J off re re¬
ceived, some prominent citizens.
After thanking them for their .
loyalty to the Republic, the
French Commander - in - Chief
shid : ‘' We have come back for
good. I bring you the kiss jof
France.” The meeting broke
up with cries of ‘‘ Long li've
France! Long live French
Alsace ! ”
Our Allies will never fight
better than when freeing their
kinsmen from the Prussian yoke,
in defence of that liberty so
dear to democratic France.
Page 421
The War Illustrated, With December, 1914.
The Gate of France held
firm against the Hun
Somo German artillery moving to take up position in the Forest of Argonne. The Huns have been making strenuous efforts to
penetrate into France via the Argonne, but the valiant Jwork of our Allies in this district, assisted by the powerful Meuse fortress of
Verdun, has kept 250,000 of the enemy under the Crown Prince well in check since the opening of the war.
In one of the French trenches in the Argonne district. A wounded French
removed from the firing-line.
A French battery of heavy artillery shelling the German lines near the Forest of
Argonne. The great German offensive in this district still remains futile.
T ACONIC official reports give but a
vague idea of the great work that
lias been done by our French allies on
their eastern front. Several weeks of
strenuous fighting in places where op¬
posing forces in the trenches have been
as near as seven yards has been the lot
Piou-piou ” and his
commanders. Verdun, which
German objective In this district,
is unquestionably one of the strongest
positions of the long French line,
ft is a veritable gate to the land
of France, and the Huns are trying
to batter it down with a force of
about 250,000 men flung round tfie
bastion in a semicircle of sixty-fire
miles extent. After continued endeav¬
our they have not been able to advance
nearer than to within ten miles of the
fortress, although with typical optimism
the Germans claim to be “ besieging ”
the town.
In the overwhelming disaster
inflicted on heroic Belgium, one is apt to overlook the fact that France,
apt
too, has suffered heavily from the exponents of “ higher civilisation.” This photograph gives an idea of the destruction pre¬
vailing in the once beautiful and prosperous town of Lille. From such horrors of ‘‘higher civilisation” we in Great Britain
have only been spared by the crushing superiority of our Navy over that of the enemy still in hiding at Kiel.
A remarkable photograph of a house falling in Lille during a
violent artillery attack. Many historic buildings in this town
have shared the fate of Louvain, Termonde and Rheims.
Page 422
Fair Land of France
All that remained of an establishment in a French town after
being struck by a German shell. The notice on the signboard in¬
forms us of the “ removal ” of the occupant to Rue Rougemaille.
The Wur I llust rut til, 19 th December. 1914 .
“Kultur’s” Foul Mark
on
the
The Place de la Gare, Arras, as it appeared after bombardment
by the German guns. Arras lies between Lille and Amiens.
B»sar% >':y?i
_ The War Illustrated, 19 lh December, 1914 .
Scouting on the Highways of War-riven France
Some French chasseurs engaged in scouting work in the North of France being directed across country by
_ oca l knowledge they have invited to assist them in their work of reconnoitring.
peasants, whose
Photograph
to join their
A kein w a \rh So,ssons » whe ™ some French dragoons have a machine-gun hidden behind some straw while they
keen watch for a party of German scouts, whom they have reason to believe are in the neighbourhood on the quest for information.
The War Illustrated f 19 (h December , 1914.
Pui?c 424
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tranches
'THE action [of the Belgians in
letting the North Sea cover the
farm lands of Western Flanders was
a self-sacrifice in harmony with what
had gone before, when Belgium volun¬
tarily destroyed millions of pounds'
worth of bridges, railways, roads, and
buildings to impede the advance of the
enemy. These sacrifices have been
bitter for Bclg ium, but the favourable
position of the allied armies is clue in
no small measure to this heroic policy.
The history of the Low Countries, which
comprise Holland and Belgium, contains
many instances of their apparent immo¬
lation on the altar of national liberty,
but they have always emerged stronger
in spirit and have built again the fabric
of their industrial and social life.
J ■ 3 ■ a . ?? as J. a,vert the Mowing water that rushes with every flood-tide into the
of the German enemy. Their manipulation of the gateways of the waters has worked great havoc upon the invaders
Prussian scout in the flooded area of Belgium, where the German hosts were
drowned by the liberated tide and devastated by the shell fire of the Allies.
German motor-boat, armed with a machine-gun, scouting in Belgium, where the
loosing of the floods converted the low—lying fields near the coast into a shallow sea.
le rflll n r> f D alnien r n Id i n . — a . ;__ _ I
The War Illustrated, 19 th December, 1914.
Page 426
The Ebb and Flow of Flood and War
German Marines with a gun amid the sand-dunes of the Ostend littoral
The smaller picture on the right shows a group of German soldiers
near Ostend who have thrown themselves down “ dog tired.”
A German outpost on the sand-dunes of Flanders, where they made ineffectual efforts to reply to the bombardment of the British naval
guns. The photograph gives a graphic idea of the nature of the country by the sea where the stupendous battle has been waged.
One of the guns which the Germans brought to the Belgian coast to reply to the attack
made by the mighty cannon of the British fleet operating from the North Sea.
Pug'S 4^7 The War Illustrated, 19 th December, 1914.
With the Enemy in the Belgian Sand Dunes
The TTor Illustrated, 19 th December, 1914. I'age 428
In the Enemy’s Capital while War Wages
ucni ii ui iis men, s
th« street cars are in charge of wome
All the public buildings in Berlin are utilised as hospitals, and are packed with the injured
in war. The photograph above is a large school in the capital fitted up as a hospital.
Sacrifices for the Fatherland. These German civilians are giving up their gold rings to
a Government official to be melted for coins, and are receiving instead iron rings
engraved with the German equivalent of the words “ For our country.”
Dogs are enlisted in the cause of collecting
for the Red Cross fund in Berlin, and this
bulldog is one of them.
i»h
nus
m.
■
(These men of the German Landsturm about to leave for the war Half a dozen German soldiers, recuperating in Berlin after having
/ are the recipients of gifts of clothing and other comforts. been wounded, are posing in front of the camera.
Pago 429
The War Illustrated, 19 th December , 1914.
German Deceitfulness-Pictures with a Purpose
I T was part-of the German .policy to make war with all the brutality
that ingenuity could devise in order to terrorise the civil
population into a desire for peace at any price. But German philosophy
misread human nature, and the German higher command learned by
experience a. lesson they might have read in a thousand pages of
history—that oppression evokes hostility which becomes more bitter the
greater the oppression. Hence the intensity of hate their conduct evoked.
German soldiers at Ghent, where they are posing before the
camera in the act of feeding Belgian children, to prove to the
people of Germany the mildness of German manners towards
the unfortunate people of Belgium.
Also the . Germans found that their cruelties in Belgium roused
against them the ire of neutral countries and threw the sympathies
of those whose friendship they valued on the side of their opponents.
Then came a reversal, of the policy of cruelty, and there have been
laboured but transparent attempts to paint the German army in
invaded Belgium as a band of mild humanitarians that would do
credit to a Sunday-school. The pretentions are hollow and transparent.
Another photograph intended to show the fatherly instincts and
sympathetic hearts of the men Who murdered women and
children in Belgium. These are wounded German soldiers rn
Solingen sitting for a picture to be circulated in Germany.
htf n German artist intended to show Teutonic Tars dangling the babies of a grateful people in the Belgian coast villages,
he oicUi^es by which the German papers and authorities try to impress upon the German P^Ple the cla. r ^ t ^ a ^ the,r ^. ht ' ng men ar *
archangels without wings would be most amusing if the actual truth were not so pitiful and heartrending.
Tkt TFa-r Illustrated, 19/7* December, 1914.
The grave in which Major-General The resting-place of the gallant Prince Maurice of The body of Captain the Hon.
Hubert Hamilton was laid in La Battenberg, whose reckless bravery cost a valued life and Edward Mulholland, of the 1st
Couture churchyard. sent our Royal Family into mourning, Irish Guards, lies here.
Page 433
Their Last Sleep after the Turmoil of War
The grave of a German aviator at Pave, in France, buried amid the debris
or battle on the spot where his aeroplane came to earth.
This long line of rude crosses marks the last resting—place of a number
of British soldiers who fell on the field of honour.
Where Germans threw the body of a Belgian
franc-tireurj leaving his dead hand projecting.
A German grave at Charleroi, with a row of helmets
on the sod to give the departed military honour.
rage 431
The War Illustrated plSth December, 1914.
Civilian Curiosity
in the Evidences of
Children near Ostend collecting spent cartridge-cases, bullets,
and other objects as playthings and souvenirs of the fighting.
A photograph taken during the Battle of the Coast. The children
of the village are interested in the operation of a field telephone.
People of Senlis contemplating the awful ruin of their town. In the left picture
two members of a British cavalry regiment are objects of keen interest.
Siliij qpL-
-mm
flip
mm
Reading and Writing Facilities at the Front
THE perfection of the postal service of the British Ex¬
peditionary Force is a triumph of smooth-working
organisation. The men get their letters regularly, and their
replies are transmitted promptly to the friends to whom
they are sent. Fetters sent to the soldiers at the front carry
the ordinary postage stamps necessary for an inland letter,
but letters sent home by the soldiers require no stamps
whatever. It is not generally known that General French
is in direct telephonic communication with the War Office
in London and with Buckingham Palace.
There are no lending libraries in the trenches, but in
hospital camps such facilities are at the service of the men.
.Postal Section is a thoroughly organised department of the
British Field Force, and works with remarkable smoothness
and promptness, so that the men in the fighting-line have little
to complain about in the delivery of the letters sent to them by
their friends of of delay in their own letters home.
Page 433
The War Illustrated, 19 th December, 1914.
Wounded Getting Ready to Fight Again
This photograph was taken in one of the wards of St. Thomas’s Hospital, London, and shows wounded soldiers sufficiently recovered
to be able to enjoy games of cards and draughts, and almost fit for another bout of war with the Kaiser’s best.
These wounded soldiers from the Battle of the Rivers have reached the convalescent stage in the private hospital established by Princess
Marie Louise of Schleswig-Holstein in Jamaica Road, Bermondsey. Their only disturbing thought is that battles are proceeding and '
they are not in them. Their eaoerness to return to the fightino frequently makes them want to go back before their condition warrants it.
The solace of a cigarette is one of the most prized comforts of our fighting-
men, both amid the discomforts of the French and Belgian trenches and on
their backs in the hospitals for the wounded when they reach convalescence.
The great chanteuse, Madame Patti, visiting wounded
soldiers in the Patti Ward of the Swansea Hospital, where
she exercises a personal supervision over their comfort.
Pago 434
The War Illustrated, 19 th December, 1914.
Members of Parliament on War Service
Lt.-Col. Hon. A. B. BATHURST,
Unionist —Cirencester.
C. BATHURST,
Unionist -Wilton.
L. C. M. S. AMERY,
Unionist — South Birmingham.
J. L. BAIRD. C.M.G.,
Unionist—Rugby.
Hon. M. H. HICKS-BEACH,
Unionist—Tewkesbury.
Hon. W. G. BECKETT,
Unionist—Whitby.
H. L. C. BRASSEY.
Unionist - Northants N.
W. WEDGWOOD BENN.
Liberal St. George's, T.H.
A. H. BURGOYNE.
Unionist—North Kensington
J. H. BENN.
Unionist- Greenwich.
Ld. H. CAVENDISH-BENTINCK, Lt.-Col. Sir A. S. T. GRIFFITH
Unionist- Nottingham. BOSCAWEN.Unionist-Dudley
Col. C. R. BURN,
Unionist - Torquay.
W. R. CAMPION,
Unionist Lewes.
,H. W. C. CARR-GOMM.
Liberal—Rot her hit he.
H. J. CRAIG.
Liberal—Tynemouth.
FELIX CASSEL, K.C..
Unionist—St Pancras.
Viscount CASTLEREAGH,
Unionist—Maidstone.
GEORGE CAVE, K.C..
Unionist -Kingston.
Lord N. CRICHTON-STUART.
Unionist —Cardiff
H. H. SPENDER-CLAY.
Unionist — Tonbridge.
Capt. G. L. COURTHORPE,
Unionist—Rye.
Capt. J. CRAIG.
Unionist—Down E.
{Photos by Russell it* Sou's and Elliot! .1- Fry.)
H. T. CAWLEY. Lord ROBERT CECIL.
Liberal Heywood. Unionist—Hitchin.
Page 435
The. War Illustrated, 19(/i December, 1914.
Some Film Fragments of the Great War
A sea-mine that was washed up by the waves on the East Coast,
and found in the condition shown, with all these bullet-holes in
it. It is presumed that attempts to explode it by rifle-fire
when it was seen at sea drifting loose, failed. .
The British soldier w
was killed by the hig
the weapon, as seen
ho was original owner of this service rifle
i-explosive shell that shattered the stock of
n the photograph, and rendered it utterly
iseless for further work.
The Kaiser acquired the £4,000,000 Castle of Achilleion, in the island of Corfu, originally
built for the Empress Elizabeth of Austria, but, fearing that Greece might enter the war
against him and confiscate the property without giving any compensation, he tried to
negotiate its sale at a low price to a Swiss hotel syndicate.
A curious photograph of a German shrapnel
shell which has embedded itself deeply
in the trunk of this tree without exploding,
as it ought to have done.
Comrades in arms and in wounds. The
tallest and the shortest wounded soldiers in
a French hospital. A short man may still be a
good soldier, and our minimum standard rob9
us of many good fighting men.
As the Belgians retired under German pressure
they blacked out the wording of the sign-posts
on the public roads of their country, and the
Germans re—inserted the obliterated directions
in their own language.
This postcard sells freely in
Austria. The translation of the
wording on it is :j
OUR KAISER AT PRAYER.
Father in Heaven, Ruler of the
Universe, have pity for him who bows
before Thee. I did not start the
strife or strew the earth with blood.
Surrounded with foes and, envy, I
called my people to the defence of
arms. Let Thy mercy surround our
lines ! Ours will be the victory and
Thine the honour.
wmm
■
1st
The Jl’crr Illustrated, 19/h December, 1914.
Pug*? 436
HOW THE WAR WAGES:
The Wes'ern Campaign
T INTIL December 8th there Itad been a comparative
^ lull, except for intermittent artillery duels all along
the western'sphere front from Nieuport to Yerdun. On
the Yscr River and Canal occasional in'antrv attacks and
counter-attacks were made, and on December 5th the
Germans. "By means of rafts- mounted with machine-guns,
opened fire upon and battered down the little town of
Pervvse under cover of darkness and a storm. Some of
the enemy succeeded in actually landing on the dyke, but
after a sanguinary fight were driven back, and the majority
of those not killed were drowned. Another lively episode
took place at Ferryman’s r House, on the road between
Furncs and Ypres, which had been occupied by the
Germans and fortified with machine-gups. This was
gallantly stormed by a party of French, including Turcos,
and after a ferocious hand-to-hand fight from basement
to roof every German was accounted for.
THE STORY OF THE
GREAT CONFLICT
TOLD WEEK BY WEEK
before, Yon Jacobi, of the Divisional Headquarters Staff,
issued the following armv order : “ Comrades, his Majesty
the Kaiser and King has had the graciousness to pass some
time to-day in our midst, and to greet representatives of the
division. Selected from the officers.and men distinguished
with the Iron Cross. His Majesty has charged me to
inform you that he, greatly regretted to be unable to see
you' all as your duty detained von in the trenches. Your
Kaiser and King rays he came to thank you for what you
have achieved for months past against an enemy far
outnumbering you, and to bring you greetings fyom your
comrades in the western theatre of war. who thank
von for defending our homes here (least Prussia), while
you have victoriously carried our German colours so far
into hostile countries. Your Kaiser thanks you. Our
Kaiser knows that we shall continue to do our duty. He
shall not be mistaken in us.”
* * *
CIXCE then a change has come over the campaign in
this theatre. In Flanders-, oh the Aisnc, in the
Champagne : region, in the Argonne, and in Lorraine the
Germans arc no longer the attackers but the attacked, and
they are being forced to yield. Another outstanding fact
is that the Allies’ artillery has been proved definitely
superior to the much bepraised Krupps of the Germr-.ns.
This was specially the case at Vermellcs, in the region of
the Arras, which for two months had been the scene of a
determined struggle. Sapping and min'ng operations
enabled the Allies to drive back the Germans foot by foot,
and on Sunday, December 6th, they carried the park and
chateau after a brilliant fight.
* * * .
AT a point between Dixmude and Ypres, also oil Sunday,
the Gentians made a sudden transference of troops to
w hat they took to be our weak point, and when the-artillery
duel proceeded they opened a storm of rifle fire and threw
hand grenades. Even at spots when the opposing trenches
were close together the enemy attempted to make a bayonet
charge, but were repulsed. Then came the chance of the
Allies. The order to charge was given, the German trenches
were rushed, machine-guns .were brought well up into the
firing-line and caused great havoc among the enemy,
while our big guns did great damage behind the first line of
the German trenches. The enemy offensive immediately
developed into a desperate defensive, and then into a series
of retreats at various points along the line.
In the north-west of Flanders, at Hazcbrouck, two
German Taubes of the latest type dropped seventeen
shells on the town and killed seventy' civilians, including
old women and children. Two shells "fell at the feet of an
British soldier and he was blown to atoms. Ground was
gained in the Argonne on the 7th.
* ■* *
The Grand Battle of Poland
IT is a fact that large bodies of German troops were
drawn from the western to the eastern theatre of war,
and this enabled the Germans to occupy Lodz on December
7th, after its evacuation by the Russians. That, however,
was not the great victory claimed by them and celebrated
with exultation in Berln. The Petrograd version is that
the evacuation was necessitated by strategical considera¬
tions to shorten, simplify, and strengthen the Russian
position along the line of Lowicz by way ol Petrokof to
Czestochowa, and facilitate the energetic Russian offensive
in the direction of Cracow. In the defending forces of
Cracow the Austrians are made entirely subordinate to the
.Germans, with whom they are indiscriminately' mixed,
and ruled by the German Staff.
* * *
AX official bulletin from Berlin, dated December 7th,
announced the indisposition of the Kaiser, who was thus
prevented from leaving his capital for the front. The day
The Serbian Cair.pa'gn
QN the north-west frontier of Serbia-Austria, the Serbian
forces, under the command of King Peter, gained on
December 5th successes along the whole line, more par¬
ticularly on the left wing. The enemy was. crushed, and
had to retire in disorder, and in the pursuit the Serbians
captured over 10,000 Austrian prisoners, 42 cannon. 21
machine-guns, two ambulances, and other war material.
* * *
The Turkish Campaign
THE Turkish invasion of Egypt has been checked, and
large sections of low marshy land to the east of the
Suez Canal, which from time immemorial has been an
effective barrier to the invasion of Egypt in that direction.'
has been flooded, rendering Port Said secure. In the
Caucasus the Turkish forces on the the Dilman and Khoi
roads were attacked by the Russian armv, and after a
desperate fight were driven back Towards Van, when the
Russians captured Sarai and Kashkal with many prisoners
and military stores. The Tsar motored 1,200 miles to
Kuban, on the Black Sea, and on December 7U1 was
greeted by the representative Cossacks of the province.
* * *
Collapse of the South African Rebellion
TITE rebellion in South Africa has been completely
extinguished, with the capture of S20 rebels, and the
unconditional surrender of many more.
General Beyers, who resigned from the command of the
Unionmilitary forces at the outbreak of the rebellion because
of his sympathy with it, has met a tragic death. He was
with a commando which was defeated by General Botha
among the hills at Klerkstroom in the north of the Orange
River State, and fell back on the Yaal River, which he
attempted to cross. He and the few rebels with him were
fired at by the Union forces, and General Beyers was seen
to fall from his horse and drift down stream, calling at the
same time for help. He afterwards disappeared under
the water. His dead horse was found, as were his revolver
and field-glasses.
* * »
BrilisH Naval Victory Off the Falklands
THE British naval reverse on November jst. off the
Chilian coast, with the loss of the Good Hope and
Monmouth, has been amply avenged. On the morning of
December 8th the whilom victorious German squadron—
Scharnhorst, Gneisenau, Niirnbcrg, Leipzig, and Dresden,
under the command of Admiral Graf von Spec, were
sighted off the Falkland Islands, in the South Atlantic,
by a British squadron under Yice-Admiral Sir Frederick
Sturdee. An action followed, resulting in the sinking of
the Scharnhorst, flying the German admiral’s flag, with all
its crew, the Gneisenau, and the Leipzig, from which a few
survivors were rescued by British boats. The Dresden
and Niirnbcrg fled during the action, and are being pursued
by the swiftest of our cruisers. Two attendant colliers
w ith the German fleet were captured.
The War Illustrated, 19 th December, 1914.
64
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i True Tales of the War
ft ft
Edited by WALTER WOOD
1( rj
u. This week a thrilling story appears under the above heading
t'.ij in the PENNY PICTORIAL. It is perhaps the most
bh fascinating of this popular series which has yet appeared,
(jjj and deals with the adventures of Rifleman R. Brice, of the jt*l
jth famous 60th Rifles (“ Greenjackets ”), who took part in the H
Irb retreat from Mons and the great Battle of the Aisne. On xl
no account miss the
PENNY PICTORIAL |
j-J Enlarged Christmas Number. 2d. Now on Sale. ij
there’s still time—
to get the FLAYBOX ANNUAL before
Christmas, and after all it’s the best thing you could
have got for a child’s presen:, even if \ou had
thought of it weeks ago. It has 200 pages of
stories, and over 300 pictures, many of. them in full
colours. Strongly bound and printed on thick
art paper, it is a book which wi I last lor years.
Price 3 6. For any child it is
an i deal Christ mas Gift
IV
The War Illustrated.
19 th December, 1914 .
The Smoke of Comfort ’mid the Smoke of Battle
Sixpence from you sends a Soldier in the Trenches One-and-SIxpence Worth of “Smokes
-The twelfth week of our'“ Sofnetliing-lo-'bflt'it must be vastly exceeded if wo arc
.Smoke,” Fund has brought the sum pf to keep uj> the supply. To, keep’ up the
£223 165 . 5 <L' The; period'is really "'one supply" is highly desirable—indeed' vital to
day less than a week, because the approach the success of the scheme. ,,
of Christmas and the exigencies of printing-. Every package paid fpr by a.sixpence sent
demand- that? we should go to press‘with by you will have your name and address -on
this number a little earlier, and, next .week’s it, so that the soldier who gets it will know
number must go to press earlier still. whom he lias to thank.
The total of the fund is now about £a, 500 ,_. It would require over £ 10,000 a week to
enough to provide 100,000 lighting men wiflT’givp every soldier at flic front a~packct'evcry
a package of tobacco and cigarettes as illus- week. Thus we want as much as we can get;
trated below. That is a splendid record, especially since our men are now confronted
with tiro rigours ’ of winter, and they .-.want
cheering at their hard job more than ever.
Please send your postaForiJers addressed to
' The War Illustrated
” Some thing-to-dhnoke ” Fund,
* — - - -The Fleetway House, ■
Farringdon Street,
London, E.C.
And don’t forget to pvt your name'and address,
" If you would like a collecting-sheet so that
you can get. your friends to help with subscrip¬
tions, please ask for one at the same time.
This is what your sixpence
delivers into the hands ot
soldier at the front
1 Cake Bright Tobacco
1 Cake Dark Tobacco
10 Cigarettes
How many sixpences will you send ?
I low many soldiers will you make happy ?
Amounts Received during the Twelfth Week of the Fund
Special Collections, ' .
Mr. J. Slmttlcworth, £6 Is. 6<1. ; Mrs. G. ’TL
Welch, r.f Cahgda, £6 ; Miss if. .1. Andrews,
£5 os. ; Miss M. Stanley, £5 5s. ; Mr. W. 1. Voting,
£5 2s. 2d. ; Miss M. Iloome, £5 ; Mr. J. It. Irving,
£5; Mr. F. Harrison, £4 Is.; Miss'E. Rough,
£4 ; Master Pat Wade. £4 : Miss Hawkins, £3 15s. ;
Mr. A. Itubertson, £3 10s. ; Mr. Reg. Tinker,
£3 5s. : Mr. Lawrence Grassio, £3 4s. : Mr.'.hick
Leigh, £2 15s. 6 d. ; Mr. Robert James, £2 14s. Gd. ;
Mr. Julin G. Mulholland, £2 14s. 6 d. ; Mr. F. I;.
Jones, £2 10s. ; Mr. A. J.amrstalf, £2 7s. 6 d. ;
Miss A. Hickman, £2 5s. : Mr. Peter Marshall,
£2 5s. ; Mr. M. Bowen, £2 2s. ; Miss F. M. Davis,
£2 ; Miss K. Howells, £2 ; 'Miss M. .skidget, £2 ;
Miss ltose, £1 18s. ; Miss C. Overbury. £1 14s. ;
Mi-s C. L. Joiner, £1 13s. 9d. ; Mr.' IT. Heifer.,
£1 13s. 6 d. ; Master S. E. Johnson, £1 13s. 2d. ;
Mr. X. G. Livermore, £1 13s. ; Mr. Keg. <:. F.erri-
man, £1 12s. 9d. ; Miss E. A". Owen, £1 12s. ;
Mr. J. Stubbs, £1 10s. ; Miss tv. ltiiey, £1 10s. ;
Mr. A. M. limes, £1 9s . 1 ; Master Richardson,
£1 9s. ; Mr. IV. E. Kirk. £1 8 s. ; Mrs. K. Jennings,
£1 7s. ; Mr. .T. D. Wadlli, £1 6 s. 6 d. • Miss M.
Warm, £1 6 s. 6 d. ; Mr. G. Rarralt, £1 i s. ; Mrs.
F. G. Slic-mming, £1 5s; 6 d. ; Miss Thompson,
£1 5s. ; Miss O. N. Bennett, £1 4s. ; Miss X.
Snowball, £1 4s. : Miss If. Wood. £1 2s. 6 d. ;
Miss 1). Cox, £1 2s. 6 d. ; Miss V. West, £1 2s. ;
Mr. R. Murphy, £1 ; Mr. A. Kiliie, £1 ; Mrs. I..
Donaldson, £1; Mr. L. llellaniy, £1; Mr. W.
Aldridge, 18s. : Mr. J. L. Brown, 18s. ; Miss V.
Failly, 17s. ; Mr. J. Jiakhford, 15s. 6 d. ; Miss P,.
Da iley. 15s. ; Miss F. Booth. 15s. ; Mrs. Shep¬
herd, 14i. 91. ; Mr. E. V. Golding, 14s. 8 d. ; Mrs.
A. M ml in 1, 14s. 6 d. ; ' Master C.-E. Dale, 14s .
Miss Delves. 13s. 6 d. ; Miss iravward. 12s. 9d.
Dr. Dent, 12s. ; Miss D. Wileock. 12s. ; Miss
Gooiiriekr 11s: : Mr. A. S. Wells, 10s. 6 d. ; Mr.
H. Garwood, 10s. 6 d. ; Miss M. Boulton. 10s. :
Donation of £1 17s.=74 presents foe 2 Donations of 5s. Gd. 22 presents fer
soldiers. ■ - - soldiers. ' ■<
Collected by Mrs. E. Wagstalf, Wellesley Farm, G. and L. 13. Ilillior and W. J. Crick ; e'oilerled
Mass., U.S.A. - - J , li v E rnest Wilson (aged 11). —
1 Conation of £1 8s. = 56 presents for 42Donation of 5s. 420 presents for soldiers
soldiers.
Per F. W. M. Pickering (cotlcded at a vl.bt
drive).
2 Donations of £1 Is. =-84 presents for
soldiers.
Fre:l Berry ; Mrs. E. H. Bench.
9 Donations of £1 =3€0 presents for soldiers.
Mrs. ('. Butler ; Miss Edith Garner (aged 9);
Miss A. Meadow-; per It. Milliken.O'rcm the pupils
« t J.indsay dead Boys', and Girls’s i*<hccll 2rd
donation) ; J. Connct ; Jessie Fames ; Miss M. W.
Kllis ; Miss Margaret S. McC’ardy ; Mis._.X< ustoad
(•2nd donation) ; Ethel M. Knifed ; Mbs Watkfr.s
(rollecfed by JVanc’y Wilson by selling badges);
My Anderson ; Miss Bib.by; J). if.-Jllair; celled
Per H. Green
Donation of
Bell
Wharton; per M. -Williams.;- Mis. Jcbn B<
15s. 6d. = 31 presents for Winifred-Braun ; -M. .Cartwright ; T<.* Chehscm.S
soldiers. MisaJ’eggy R. lHekaoiuJjlrs. I). Ritchie Dickson ;
Per V. J. Westmorland (i art of a collection).- -Robert.Hall ;. Miss E. Howell; per Mbs M.,K.
_ .. , r .... Mackintosh (lrom a few friends in Forfar): E. N. G.
Donation of 15s. = w0 presents for edldiere. ,iIGrlUge"; rolleeted by Miss I). E. Tnplinni :
\ ^ lsou ^ rom Consenatne Club, j 0 im. r J.\ WUitehiffst (2nd donation) ;■ Mrs. Ul.cs.
... Warmington (3s. Ul,>.- • /•
3 Donations of 4s. 6d. 27 presents fer
soldiers.
Mrs. It. Turner ; Miss Bartlett; Miss Josephine
Beriilggr (Us. t)d.).
8 Donations of 4s. 64 presents for soldiers.
Mrs. A..G. Greenway: Pert M. Wilson; per
T.-H.-B. ; Mr; (). H. Bull ; ( has. S. ( < wney : Mjs. .).
Morris; Amy Naylor; per C. Williams; Mrs.
Wright.
Kettering)
1 Donation of 13s. =26 presents for soldiers*
J. B. Robinson. j t *
1 Donation of 12s. 6d. = 25 presents for
. soldiers. • -
Ter Miss E. C. Ilcrsey. » • -
3 Donations of 12s. 72 presents for soldjers*
Collected by Aileen C. and Alford G. Faber ; per
A. A. (tlie employees of Eecles Cake Shop, Eceles);
H. ltayner. \ • - - - - ——•
10 Donations of 10si = 200 presents for
soldiers.
4 .t m . t -m..:- . v.
Plow-tight. 7s?; "Miss C. A. Kursev, 6s. 6(1. ; Mr. F.
Reynolds, 6s,; Miss G. Squelch,- 6s.- ; -Miss Taylor,
6s. ; Miss G. fi. Kell, 5s. 6cl. ; Miss Locke, 5s. ;
Miss E.. W. Selows, 5s. ; Mr. X. -1*3.- White, 5s. ;
Mr. MAIIifcgins' 3s. 6d. ; Mr. A. Disley, 2s. 6d. ;
Mr. 13.-J. drawbridge, 2s. 6d. ; .Miss M. Schalield,
Is. 6d. ; Miss S. Beil, Is. ; Mr. W. Watmsley, Is. .
; o • t Donations : , j .
1 Donation of £5 Os. 6d.=201 presents for
W; Vergette. soldiers.
1 Donation of £5 200 presents for soldiers*
Per Mrs. Cressweil (from friends in Kursecng
and Darjeeling).
1 Donation of £4.=„160 presents for soldiers.
Pe? RevTW. ‘A* Briggs,'from wardrc’ciil Cflicers
of H.M.S. Erin.
4 Donations of 3s. 6d.-- 28
soldiers.
Collected by Edith Geraldine"" Keller : per
uterson ; J. Connaught on ; Topsy & Co. ,
1 Donations" of 3s. 126 presents for
~ soldiers. v - - — (
.Proceeds, of a sale of goljywcgs made by Emily,
( " Ravage (aged 8 ) ;* Margaret Mi ’
3 Donations of 8s. = 48 presents for soldiers. AVoo’dburn (aged '' T1
Per Joseph Hainpson ; Master James Hor\vell Christ Churc’
presents for
E.
Jaeleod ; heoranl
ged 7); *T. Burbe'ek Itiul hi.s elass^
... _ _ . . .h Boys’ School, Liverpool; Miss
(aged 8 ),'2nd donation; per Walter Scarisbriek Maud It. Druitt; Miss C. E. Martin; Rev. B.
*'(8s. r 2d.). . . • v . . . . . Bevan; Miss Greenwood and Miss X. Fairbrother);
4 Donations of 7s. 6d. = 60 presents for per Marea Brown ; Miss E. Chard : All. C. (rare;
soldiers. per J. M. Gibson : H. E. Miles : Miss A. Magawly ;
Per K. M. Kussell-Pairer; Miss M. Topham ; /a9 (1 'i'E EPer PeteiSin andsMrs^
t» w Hptilrin * “ ifnni ” H. L. Paddock; Mrs. 1). Robinson; Winifred M.
io * *" Smith ; Gertrude Atkinson ; Miss Dixcn ; W and
3 Donations of 7s. = 42 presents for .soldiers, v Til ..L- .
Miss E. Jones; “Toby,” Horsham; Mr. 8. C. ,1.
Kelling. 35 ‘Donations
2 Donations of 6s. 6d. = 26 presents for ja ** _
i soldiers. > 67 * 1”
Two Friends ; per George Brindle. • '
3] Donations of 6s. = 36 presents for soldiers, r i • \ ” lL -- t .. .» i ■ i-
F^ter MaegiHivray K>ack ; Miss Alice Meylan f ? r . V h:ch ?? e . lhank the dor * ors *. but wh:ch . s P ace
Mrs. John Black. , -c ; . .. coes hot .allow us to acknowledge by name..
cf 23.
2s.
Is. Cd. -= 612 presents.
Is. I soldiers,
Cd. J
for
'.TSrTT■-puited^^l’n^he'C'VjCtliiHAauWAjii.TiiiVPRi-fis,'^LiMiw.n.^J'be-FleHway-HoHser'Ftiiriitghoiri'streetr’LoiKiBn.--E.C.- - -
Published ^Gordon A Gotdi in Auatnlia and Zealand : by the Central Xews Agency,-Ltd., in Smith Africa ; and The Imperial News Co., Toronto
ana Arontreai in Canada. * Aau(rtwcm4nt abeanaM&o-Uu: AdvtrtimnwnCAtaiunn ■Ftettwwf HouiC;Ftirriityilon StrCL(,-Lo*<loHj EX\
Registered a. a newspaper, and registered for the Canadian Magazine Post. N
Specially Enlarged
containing
125 War Pictures
Magazine Post"" The Soldier on the Field of War dreams of his Home Fireside No. 19
,
a
The TFrar Illustrated , 26 /h December , 1914. - * — - - -
all his readers—at home, abroad—by
on the battlefield—the Editor wishes
fl Good Christinas and a Better
the fireside,
l?«u) year
Free Watches forBoys and Girls
By ths Editor.
T HE announcement I am now going to make will-interest
all mv readers between the ages of twelve and sixteen.
It will interest also the grown-ups who have children
between these ages.
Briefly, I am going to give a watch worth two guineas
to the bov or girl between the ages of twelve and sixteen
who collects the most sixpences for our " Something-to-
Smoke ” Fund, while any boy or girl between these ages
who collects sixpences to the total value of £5 will receive
a watch of less value. Collecting-cards should be applied
for at once and returned with the money not later than
January 31st, 1915.
Now I will give my young friends a hint as to the best
way to set about the task of getting as many sixpences
as possible before January 31st. This is the season of
festivities and parties of all sorts. Boys and girls, therefore,
should make a point of taking their cards with them to
all the parties they attend, and asking all likely people
for a contribution.
No one is likely to refuse to give to such a deserving
fund, especially at a season like this when people are
in a giving mood, anyway. People may say that they
have given to so many funds, but my young friends should
point out that this is an exceptionally good fund to subsciibe
to, because so very little expenditure buys such a large
.-.mount of tobacco and cigarettes for our heroes at the front.
It should be explained that this is made possible because
the tobacco and cigarettes are sent from a bonded ware¬
house, so that there is no duty to pay, with the result that
for an expenditure of sixpence Tommy gets a quantity
of cigarettes and tobacco which could not be bought for
less than is. 6d. over the counter.
1 do 1 ot think that anyone needs to be told that " Some¬
thing-to-Smoke ” is what the brave soldier at the front
appreciates most of all. French tobacco and French cigar¬
ettes are quite unlike what one gets in England, and it is
well known that the British soldier does not like them at
all. Hundreds of letters to the newspapers have made it
clear that a few cigarettes and a little tobacco of the
kind he has been accustomed to smoke at home brings
more joy to his heart than anything else one can think of.
So now, my young friends, I have told you what 1 want
you to do, and 1 hope you will go and do it to the best
of your ability'. There will be these handsome watches
for those who do best, and in any case whether you win
a prize or not you will know that you have given your
time and trouble to a very good cause indeed.
—■
CAPTAIN F. G. LAWRENCE
of the South Wales Borderers
Owing to an unfortunate error of one of our photographers,
we published in The War Illustrated of December 5th
the portrait of Captain F. G. Lawrence, of the South Wales
Borderers, as that of the late Major W. L. Lawrence, D.S.O.,
of the same regiment, who was killed in action. Happily
Captain Lawrence was only wounded and is now in England,
making, we hope, a rap d recovery. Wo take the earliest
opportunity of correcting this error, the first that has
occurred among the many hundreds Of portraits which
have appeared in our pages.
OUR DIARY OF THE WAR
(For cur Diary of Events in the Great War prior to December
6tb, see previous issues of “The War Illustrated.”)
Dec. 6 —Allies advance and obtain a foothold on the eastern side of
Ypres Canal.
Germans claim to have entered Lodz.
French airmen raided the aeroplane sheds of Freiburg, in
Alsace.
British Foreign Office publishes answer to Germany's allegation
that Great Britain intended to violate Belgian neutrality.
Reported success of Serbian Army on the North-West frontier
of Serbia.
Dec. 7- —“ Appreciable progress ” of Allies between Ronboye Parvillcrs
and Le Quesnay-en-Santerre.
Dec. 8.—Official Petrograd statement admits the loss of Lodz, which
was evacuated without the loss of a man.
British naval squadron under Sir Frederick Sturdee announced
to have attacked a German squadron under Admiral Count von
Spee, near the Falkland Islands, and to have sunk the warships
Schamhorst, Gneisenau, Leipzig, and Nuernberg.
President Wilson’s message to United states Congress fore¬
shadows a scheme of military and naval defence.
Official Berlin message announces the Kaiser’s illness.
Publication by the Press Bureau of the various proclamations
issued by the German military authorities in Belgium.
Alter having deieated three Austrian army corps and taken
10,000 prisoners and many guns and stores, the Serbians retook
the town of Valievo.
Dec. 9.— Reported that German airmen dropped bombs on Warsaw
and damaged the American Consulate.
General C. F. Beyers, formerly Commandant-General ot the
Citizen Force of the Union of South Alrica, who joined with others
in the attempted rebellion, reported drowned while endeavouring
to cross >he Vaal River
Dec. 10.—Progress of Allies near Quesnoy in the Argonnc and in
the Bois de Pretre in the extreme n< rth-east.
Serbian victory over Austrians complete.
General Botha issues manifesto intimating that the rebellion
is now practically af an end.
Dec. 10 .— Report of Secretary of State for India, that on the capture
of Kuma, 1,100 prisoners, exclusive of wounded, and nine guns
were taken by the Indian troops.
Publication of despatches from Sir Louis. Mallet, late British
Ambassador at Constantinople.
Dec. rr.—French Capture railway-station Of Aspaeh, south of Thann
in Alsace.
Publication of Vice-Admiral S’urdce's report that British
casualties in the Battle of the Falkland islands were only seven
killed and four wounded.
French Government returns from Bordeaux to Paris.
Turkish gendarmes force their way Into Italian Consulate and
seized the British Consul. Italian Government demands
reparation.
Russians In the Caucasus drive Turks beyond the Euphrates.
Dec. ia.—West bank of Yser Canal, north of I crryinan’s House,
evacuated by Germans.
Dec. 13.— Montenegrins capture Visliegtad and throw the Austrians
beyond the Drma.
Dec. 14.—Submarine Bit, under Lieut.-Commander Norman D.
Holbrook, enters Dardanelles and torpedoes Turkish battleship
Messndiyeh.
Serbians re-enter Belgrade.
Mr. Bonar Law, addressing Unkmist Chairmen and Agents in
London, reads the letter that be and Lord Lahsdowne sent to
Mr. Asquith on August 2nd, promising Support in the event of
war, and expressing the opinion that national honour demanded
support of France.
Dec. i j— British official report records " substantial progress ” bctwccD
Hollebeke and W yteschaere.
important advance by Allies in Belgium.
Report of Court oi Inquiry into the loss of H.M.S. Bulwark
states that explosion was due to accidental ignition of ammunition.
Announcement of impending meeting of Kings of Norway,
Sweden, and Denmark.
Dec. 16.—Bombardment of Hartlepool, Scarborough, and Whitby by
German warships.
THOUGHTS OF “NOEL”—THE FRENCH SOLDIER SENDS A GREETING FROM THE BATTLEFIELD
voi.7: A WEEKLY PICTURE-RECORD OF EVENTS BY LAND, SEA AND AIR Tl
The TPtir Illustrated, 26 th December, 1914.
Pago 438
The Crown of Infamy on the Brow of “Kultur”
How a British mine-sweeper clears the sea o? German
mines strewn in the path of neutral commerce.
The State ynay 'utilise the labour of prisoners
of war according to their rank and capacity.
Their tasks shall not be excessive , and shall
have nothing to do with the operation of war .
—Article 6, Hague Peace Convention.
There are many cases of the inhabitants
being forced to act as guides, and to dig
trenches and entrenchments for the Germans.—
Belgian Official Report, September io th, 1914.
Citizens who know of a store of arms,
powder, and dynamite must inform the
Burgomaster under pain of hard labour for
life .—Proclamation of Commander von Bueluw,
in Namur, on August 25th, 1914.
Both in the western war and in the war on her eastern
frontier Germany has compelled prisoners o* war t,o
engage in war work. The photograph on the le t
6how8 captured Russian soldiers being compelled to
dig trenches under German guards.
Civilisation’s Christmas Account rendered against the Nation
of organised Barbarians who have drenched Europe in blood
Necessity knows no law .... That is why we have
been obliged to ignore the just protests of Luxemburg
and Be.gium. The injustice we thus commit we will
repair as soon as our military object has been achieved.
—The German Chancellor in the Reichstag, August 4 th, 101 - 4 .
The German War Method
" Above all. you must inflict on the inhabitants of invaded
towns the maximum suffering, so that they become sick *of
the struggle, and may bring pressure to bear on their Govern¬
ment to discontinue it. You must leave the people through
whom you march only their eyes to weep with." —Bismarck,
on German war “ strategy.”
Civilised War Method
“ However sorely pressed she may be, Belgium will never
fight unfairly and never stoop to infringe the laws and customs
of legitimate warfare. She is putting up a brave fight against
overwhelming adds, she may be beaten, she may be crushed,
but, to quote our noble King’s words, ‘ she will never be
enslaved.’ “•—Belgian Official Statement, August 25th, 1914.
FYURING lire Hague Conference, when the question of
^ sowing the sea with mines was under discussion
by the representatives of the various Powers, Baron
Marschall von Bieberstein, the delegate of the German
Government said : “ The officers of the Geiman Navy —1
say it with a high voice—will always fulfil in the strictest
manner the duties which flow from the unwritten law
of humanity and civilisation.” Later on in the proceedings
he said : As to the sentiments of humanity and civilisation,
1 cannot admit that any government or country is in these
superior to that which I have the honour to represent.”
In view of the German methods of warfare in Belgium,
Baron Bieberstein’s claims for his countrymen exhibited
a blind and mistaken faith in a German humanity that
existed only in his trusting and sanguine imagination, or else
they gave evidence of a sinister purpose to mislead the
Corrierence and inspire confidence where ruthlessness had
'already been decided upon in the intended war. The
probable alternative is tire latter—that the German wolf
assumed sheep's clothing at the Conference as a studied
policy ; but sharpened his teeth and claws for the better
destruction of the land and people of poor Belgium when
tile killing time came.
Modem history presents no parallel to German methods
of warfare. It is not unknown that, when the lust of
killing is let loose in an army, the passions for loot and
rapine should be indulged by individual members of the
more brutal ranks, but that a set policy of murder, arson,
and pillage should be part of the organised warfare of a
great nation pretending to lead the world in culture, is
a glaring evidence of foul shame at which the world, with
nineteen centuries of Christianity behind it, may well hang
its head and despair of human nature. That the policy of
brutality is not only followed but gloried in bv the
higher command of the German Army is shown conclusively
in the official excerpts illustrated in these four pages.
It is forbidden to lav automatic contact
mines off the coasts or ports of the enemy with
the sole obiect of intercepting commercial
navigation. — Article 24, Hague Peace
Convention.
The indiscriminate use of mines, not in connection with military harbours or strategic positions—
the indiscriminate scattering of contact mines about the seas which may destroy not merely enemy
vessels or warships, but peaceful merchantmen passing under neutral flags, and possibly carrying
supplies to neutral countries—this use of mines is new i.u warfare.— Mr. Winston Churchill in Ike
House of Commons, August Mil, 1914.
Page 439
The T Var Illustrated, 26 l/t December, 1914 .
1
II.—War of Terrorism on Old Men,
Women, and Children
Red Cross railway waggon used by Germans for ammunition and a Red Cross ambulance mounted wfth a German machine-gun.
It is expressly forbidden ... to make improper use of the flag
of truce, the national flag, or military ensigns, and the enemy uniform, as
well as the distinctive badges of the Geneva Convention .— Article 23,
Hague Peace Convention.
In different places, notably at Hollogue-sur-Geer, Barchon, Pontisse,
Haclen, and Zelck, German troops have fired on doctors, ambulance
bearers, ambulances, and ambulance waggons carrying the Red Cross.
On Thursday, August 6th, before a fort at Liege, German soldiers
continued to fire on a party of Belgian soldiers (who were unarmed and
had been surrounded while digging a trench) after these had hoisted
the white flag. On the same day, at Vottem, near the fort of Loncin,
a group of German infantry hoisted the white flag. When Belgian
soldiers approached to take them prisoners the Germans suddenly opened
fire on them at close range .—Official Belgian Report, August 26th, 1914.
War on Women and Children
Any coin pulsion on the populations of
occupied territory to furnish information
about the army of the other belligerent or
about his means of defence is forbidden .—
Article 44, Hague Peace Convention.
A traitor lias just been shot, a little
French lad (Ein Franzosling) belonging to
one of those gymnastic societies which
wear tricolour ribbons (i.e., the Eclaireurs
or Boy Scouts), a poor young fellow, who,
in his infatuation, wanted to be a hero.
'Hie German column was passing along
a wooded defile, and he was caught and
asked whether the French were about. He
refused to give information. Fifty yards
farther on there was fire from the cover
of a wood. The prisoner was asked in
French if he had known that the enemy
was in the forest, and did not-deny it.
He went with firm step to a telegraph
post, and stood up against it, with the
green vineyard at his back, and received
the volley of the firing-part}' with a proud
smile on his face.' Infatuated wretch!
It was a pity to see such wasted courage.—
Extract from a German soldier's letter
printed in a little volume called “ Kriegs
. Chronikand excerpted by the British Official
Press Bureau.
' All tlfe evidence and circumstances
seem to point to the fact that those women
had been deliberately pushed forward
by the Germans to act as a shield for their
advance guard, and in the hope that the
Belgians would cease firing for fear of
killing the women and children .—Evidence
of Belgian Official Inquiry on German
conduct in Acrschot.
The Innocent with the Guilty
No general penalty, pecuniary or other-
1 vise, can be inflicted on the populations
on account of the acts of individuals for
'which it cannot be regarded as individually
responsible .— Article 47, Hague Peace
Convention.
The countryside was full of our troops,
nevertheless the stupid peasants must
needs shoot at our men, as they marched
by. from lurking places. The day before
yesterday morning Prussian troops sur¬
rounded the village at 4 a.m., put women,
chldren, and old people aside, and shot all
the men ; the village was then burnt to the
ground .—Extract from a German soldier's
letter , published by British Press Bureau on
October 1st, 1914.
The boy who met death with a smile. His
story is told on the right.
Six^ innocent citizens of Senlis were shot
because a poacher shot a German soldier.
Official proof that Germans used women ?8
battle shields appears below on the left.
IV1 iners forced to lead a regiment of German
invaders which was advancing on Charleroi.
Franc-tireurs—that is, civilian* carrying arms—are not entitled
to the courtesy oi war, but are shot whenever caught. On the
right are a number of franc-tireurs ranged up in front of
German rines. fc*ut Germany herseii toilowa a pract.ce she
punishes with death, and on the left are two Germans drafted
to work on the railways of Belgium and armed with rifles.
Pillage has beon indulged in by the Germans from the Crown Prince downwards, and tne tine oid chateaux. o i~etg;um
France ha\e been stripped of their glories by thieves who have the lust of possession but not the faculty of appreciation.
and
Pillage is formally forbidden. An army of occupation can only
take possession of cash funds and realisable securities which are
strictly the property oi the Stale. —Articles 47 & 53, Hague Peace
Convention.
The German procedure is everywhere the same. They advance
along a road, shooting inoffensive passers-by—particularly bicyclists—
as well as peasants working in the fields.
It is especially forbidden to employ arms ,
projectiles , or material of a nature to. cause
superfluous imurv .— Article 22, Hague
Peace Convention.
Finally, we have in our possession ex¬
panding bullets. which had been abandoned
by the enemy at Werchter, and we possess
doctors’ certificates showing that wounds
must have been inliicted by bullets of this
kind .—Report of Belgian Official Inquiry ;
September io tit. 1914.
In the towns or villages where they stop they begin by requisitioning
food and drink, which they consume till intoxicated.
Sometimes from the interior of deserted houses they let off their
rifles* at random, and declare that it was the inhabitants who fired.
Then the scenes of fire, murder, and especially pillage, begin, accom¬
panied by acts of deliberate cruelty, without respect to sex. or age.—
Report of Belgian Official Inquiry , September 10 th y 1914.
The translation of the official document accompanying this
bullet is:
Headquarters. Ghent. September22nd. 1914.
Thirty dum-dum cartridges for Mauser pistols have keen found
in the pockets of l ieutenant von Hadeln- (a Hanoverian), made
prisoner on the 25th inst. at Ninove. These cartridges have keen
sent to the Belgian Minister of War. The weapon was thrown away
by the officer at the moment before his capture, and lias not
been recovered.
The document is signed by the captain - commandant
attached to the Belgian military governor, and is in possession
of the Belgian Government.
The IFar Illustrated , 26 th December , 1914 .
HI.—The Campaign
Pago 440
of Pillage under Hohenzoflern Tutelage
The War Illustrated, 26 th December, 1914 .
I’iige 441
IV.—The Shell-Shattered Glories of Mediaeval Architecture
A sample of the havoc wrought in the famous Cathedral of
Rheims, one of the ecclesiastical treasures of the world.
The attack or bombardment by any means whatever of towns, villages,
habitations, or buildings which are not defended is forbidden .— Article 25,
Hague Peace Convention.
The awful ruin of Termonde, which, although unfortified and
undefended, was laid in ashes by German shells and arson.
Lieut.-General von Nieber wrote a letter to the Burgomaster of
Wavre, on August 27 th, 1914 , demanding payment of the sum of
£ 120 , 000 , adding the threat: “The town of Wavre will be set on fire
and destroyed if the payment is not made when due ; without distinc¬
tion of persons, the innocent will suffer with the guilty.”
Th© hospital established by Cardinal Mercier, Archbishop of Malines, was
shelled by the hypocritical apostles of Teutonic “ culture.”
The School of Medicine, in Rheims, destroyed when the
cathedral suffered from the havoc of German snells.
In sieges and bombardments all necessary steps shall be taken to spare,
as far as possible , buildings devoted to religion, art, science, and charity,
historic monuments, hospitals, and places where the sick and wounded
are collected , provided they arc not used at the same time for military
purposes .— Article 27, Hague Peace Convention.
The report of the Belgian Commission of Inquiry on the Violation of
the Rules of the Rights of A at ions, and of the Laws and Customs ot
War summarised the results of their investigation in the following words:
If all monuments, all the treasures of architecture which
are placed between our cannon and those of our enemies went
to the devil, we should be perfectly indifferent. They call us bar¬
barians. What does it matter ? We laugh over it .—General Dis/urrh
in “ Dcr Tag."
The odious actions committed in ail parts of
the territory show such a degree of regularity that
the responsibility may rest on the whole German
Army. They are only the application of a pre¬
conceived system, the putting into practice of the
instructions, which have made of the enemy troops
operating in Belgium “ a horde of barbarians and
'a band of incendiaries.”
X’age 442
The TTur Illuslratcd, 26 th December, 1914 .
Ships that Swept the Germans off the High Seas
scored the brilliant victory over the Scharnhorst, Qnei6enau,
Leipzic, and Nuernberg, the news of which sent a thrill of pride
through the Empire, and called forth the admiration of its Allies.
The middle photograph shows a naval 12 in. gun in action.
H.M.S. Cochrane, sister ship of the Achilles, and H.M.S. Natal,
inset: A portrait of Rear-Admiral. Hon. S. A. Qough-Calthorpe,
of H.M.S. Shannon. The ships on this page formed the Second
Cruiser Squadron which, under Admiral Sir Frederick Sturdee,
H.M.S. Shannon, built In 1906 at a cost of £1,415,E35. She
has a normal displacement of 14,600 tons, and is commanded
by Rear-Admiral Hon. S. A. Qough-Calthorpe, C.V.O.
H.M.S. Achilles, built in 1905 at a coat of about £1,180,000.
Displacement 13,550 tons. Her speed is 23 knots. She has a
complement of 704 men and carries 6 9*2 inch guns.
Commander John Hutchings,
of H.M.S. Natal.
Capt. W.Q. E. Ruck-Keene, of
H.M.S. Cochrane.
The War Illustrated, 26th December, 19X4.
Page 443
Bll’s
The Most Daring Feat of the War
Lt.-Commander Norman D. Holbrook, of the B11.
THE daring exploit of Lieutenant-Commander Norman
1 D. Holbrook in penetrating what were considered
to be the impregnable confines of the Dardanelles once
more demonstrates the value of the underseas craft. By
wonderful skill and sterling courage the Bii was navigated
through the powerful current of the .strait, eluded five
rows of mines, sunk the old Turkish battleship
Messudiyeh, and evaded the enemy’s guns by a record
submersion of nine hours. A truly glorious feat, worthy
of the greatest traditions of the greatest of sea Powers.
At the outbreak of the war opinion as to the possibilities
of the "mechanical fish” was much divided. Sonic
experts regarded the submarine as the " deadliest thing
that keeps the seas.” Others considered the Dreadnought
the supreme factor in naval conflict. The submarine has
proved a terrible weapon to stationary surface ships or those
proceeding at a slow speed. On the other hand by skilful
manoeuvring and a special hull protected with a 4 in.
steel plating, fast battleships can do much to guard against
the invisible peril of the torpedo. That our ships have
been able successfully to bombard the Belgian coast,
exposed all the time to submarine attack, without meeting
the fate of the Hogue, Cressy, and Aboukir, is unques¬
tionably a great tribute to British seamanship.
The latest photograph of the B11 taken in the Dardanelles, shows
the submarine approaching a British destroyer for orders.
cting the Sea of Marmora and the /Egean Sea. It ■» guarded
r two sets of defences and is heaviiy mined. Believed by our
Cental enemies to be impassable, their surprrseat Lieutenan
iihrnnk's feat -can better be imagined than described.
The old Turkish battleship Messudiyeh, which was torpedoed
i by the B11 in the Dardanelles with great skill and daring on the
part of Lieut.-Commander Holbrook. The Dardanelles is the
swift-running strait which separates Europe from Asia, con—
V 4i«»l
The War Illustrated. 26 th December , 1914.
Page 444
Tr r ^ r
_
A photograph of a big French gun taken at the actual moment of firing. Inset is a French challenge to “Jack Johnson.' One of
the new powerful French siege-guns, of whioh we shall hear further when the Allies are fighting on German soil.
Page 445
J he War Illustrated, 2bth December , 1914
Loadrng the famous 75 mm. gun, France’s greatest artillery asset.
The melinite shell is comparatively small, but it explodes six
inches from the ground, and devastates an area of 6 by 25 yards.
A new French howitzer built by Creusot specially designed for siege
work. French artillery has been described by the Huns as “ brutal.”
France’s Christmas Greetings
‘‘ IT is a beautiful weapon,” said a French officer in
1 alluding to a French 75. This famous gun, which fires
the deadly melinite shells, has proved itself the most
valuable in our ally’s very efficient artillery. Along the
heights of the Meuse, in the Argonne and Aisne districts
the nerve-breaking screech and wonderful precision of the
75 have proved demoralising to the enemv. Everywhere the
gun has been superior to the Huns’ artillery. This is only
one of the surprises that General Joffre has sprung upon
“ MM. Les Bodies.” On this page will be found some more
“ beautiful weapons,” all of which are helping to convince
the loathsome ” blonde beast” that France was neither too
decadent nor in any sense unready to defend the cause of
liberty. When Metz and Strassburg arc decreed the fate of
Liege, Namur and Antwerp, our allies’ siege-gun; seen in the
second illustration, is likely to compare quite favourably
with the Krupp mortars of which we have heard so much.
to the Hateful Hun
The War Illustrated, 26 th December, 1914.
*
Page 446
French Vigilance against German Treachery
MS
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<fs»* «S*SS 4S
sgils
|| .#S*V%5
»t is not unusual for German officers to come into French lines on special missions, but
they are always blindfolded, except when in the presence of the officers in command.
The necessity for this precaution is obvious. The Huns are ever on the alert to abuse
treacherously any courtesy shown them by their enemies. Our photograph shows
o German officer, with his eyes bandaged, awaiting a pacific interview with the enemy.
of espionage is one of the greatest surprises of the war. Evidence
of their amazing thoroughness is gathered from the inset photo¬
graph showing the remains of one of their own concrete gun-plat¬
forms constructed in peace time for use in the war on which they had
determined. To all intents the building was a harmless frontier
villa, but it took twenty-four charges of dynamite to destroy it.
Page 447
Tlic TI 'ar Illustrated, 2t>lh Dcccrnlcr, 1914.
How Fares it with Starving Belgium this Xmas?
Every precaution is taken against the leakeqe of military in¬
formation. Idlers are summarily dealt with. Unemployed
are not allowed to look for work near the Antwerp quays.
Poor Antwerp women receiving bread at the German barracks,
A genial Hun is seen impressing on these Belgians the advant¬
ages of being under the Eagle’s wing.
A refugee brought back to Antwerp to be questioned by the
military authorities and to have his belongings examined.
A queue congregates daily outside the temporary barracks at
Bruges to receive broken food discarded by the Kaiser’s Huns.
A German soldier distributing surplus bread to starving Belgians outside the Antwerp barracks. Tn starsa-
synonymous this year with anguish the like of whioh has never been surpassed throughout the ages. Humillatioi^ davastation, starva
tion—these are the essence of that “ Kultur ” which, according to tho Prussian ideal, the world is so much in need.
The War Illustrated, 26 th December, 1914.
Page 448
The Tide of Battle Rolls at Christmastide
German soldiers passing through a modern Pompeii,
Prussia, buried in a heavy fall of snow.
Landsturm Huns in action near Suwalki, East Prussia,
strongly constructed trench will be noted.
The latest news from the front via Berlin. German soldiers reading the censor’s
optimistic, if misleading, versions of Prussia’s progress.
Making sure of a snowswept position. Germans
guarding with artillery a captured Belgian fort*
A study in black-and-white,
entrance to a “ dug-out,** *
>. Bavarian artillery posted near tYpres. On the left of the photograph will be seen the covered
which serves as a welcome shelter to the sentinels, after hours of nerve-racking duty and exposure to
snow and sleet. The Huns* resistance in Belgium is slowly collapsing.
1
Page 449 . 'The War Illustrated, 26 th December, 1914.
Nature’s Snowy Pall on Europe’s Battle Plains
Cameronians in their element, and incidentally availing themselves of a crop of
potatoes which happened to be growing conveniently near the trenches.
French soldiers warming at a brazier preparatory
to relieving their comrades in the firing-line.
Fast asleep under a cold, starlit sky and the
white counterpane of winter.
Some of our French allies await the appearance of the enemy’s silhouette against
the rolling white fields. It looks as if he will receive a warm welcome.
Some French officers in the Argonne examining the enemy’s lines from behind barbed - wire entanglements. * . in
weather has been prevailing on the Continent, and Nature has added a touch of picturesqueness and
battered pastures of autumn are now pure with winter s snow, save where a recent conflict stains the virg n pall.
onristmas
The
The ll'(fr Illustrated , 26 th December, 1914.
I’age 450
Bombardment of Scarborough: Germany in D
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On Wednesday forenoon, December i6th, the British public
was startled, but not dismayed, by the news that German cruisers
were bombarding the towns of Hartlepool, Scarborough, and
Whitby. It was hoped this might be the beginning of “ the big
thing,” and news of a decisive battle between the British and
German High Seas Fleets was hopefully expected. But it turned
out to be merely an audacious and futile raid on unprotected towns.
, While three cruisers bombarded Hartlepool between 8 and 9
o’clock in the morning, and did a large amount of material
damage, killing fifty-five civilians and seven soldiers, and wounding
about a hundred more in the streets and houses, a battle-cruiser
and an armoured cruiser attacked defenceless Scarborough,
damaging many dwellings, hotels, and two churches, killing
seventeen persons, and wounding many’ more. At Whitby two
Pago 451
The War Illustrated , 26 th December, 1914.
esperation Attacks our Defenceless Coast Towns
battle-cruisers inflicted some slight damage on the ancient abbey,
b n killing two persons and wounding two others.
Sn;b Immediately the raiders came into touch with one of our
a patrolling squadrons they " retired at full speed,” and were able
.tlgn to escape in the mist which enveloped the North Sea at the time,
gniii What, on the face of it, scented a senseless and childish attack,
was, no doubt, part of a German naval scheme to draw away
some of onr capital ships from their positions, in the hope of
weakening the blockade of the German coasts, but in this they
signally failed. The most noteworthy feature of the whole affair
was an entire absence of panic throughout the region of the East
Coast which suffered from the insensate attack, and the whole
country, so that Germany may be said again to have broken the
laws of civilised warfare in vain.
Page 452
The IFar Illustrated, 26 th December , 1914.
The ruined roof of a house in Gladstone Road, Scarborough,
giving an idea of the destruction caused by the German shell.
Last week the elusive German Navy bombarded Scarborough,
Hartlepool, and Whitby. Our photographs show on the left a
wrecked shop in Prospect Road, Scarborough, where the
shopkeeper’s wife was killed, and on the right a ruined house
in the Crescent.
What caused the damage to the harmless coast town. Pieces of
a German shell fired from a 10 - 11 in. gun.
Germans Attack “the Englishman’s Home’at Last
The house in Wykeham Street. Scarborough, where Mrs. Barnett and two
children were killed. "Fhe work of Germany’s coward cruisers.
Dastard destruction. Wrecked house in
Commercial Street, Scarborough.
Pago 453
N I r ..
Canada’s Christmas-Box to
The War Illustrated , 26 tU December, lS'fl.
the Motherland
Hoisting a quick-firer aboard a transport at
Montreal, about to sail for England.
A contingent of Canadian soldiers about to embark on the transports alongside the
landing-stage at Montreal, all keen as mustard to fiqht for the Emoire.
Col. Sam Hughes (left), Minister of Militia,and H.R.H. the Duke of Connaught
reviewing the Canadian troops before their departure for England.
Good-bye to Young Canada from a soldier setting
out to fight on behalf of the Old Country.
m
A unit of the Second Field Battery, Ottawa, crossing a pontoon bridge. The Mother Country should be justly proud of Canada’s
rally round the flag. No fewer than 108,000 sons of the Dominion will eventually be engaged in tho task they have so loyally
undertaken, not only on behalf of the Empire, but in support of civilisation.
Page 464
The Wav Illustrated, 26 th December, 1914.
The Tidiness of Mr. Thomas Atkins
A tub and the eventual disposal of the Huns is the eternal question at the front. The one ideal is the essential of the other. Our
photograph depicts some British soldiers “ cleaning up '* somewhere behind the firing-line.
A member ofthe H.A.C. shaving, with the aid The man who acts as barber is a veritable hero, and is kept busy accord—
of a rail truck as a dressing-table. ingly. The shaving saloon, often ai fresco and primitive, is very popular.
yn returning to a rest camp from the trenches the first concern of kilted “ Scotties ” • s
to remove the mud frdm their knees. “ Piou—piou " regards our soldiers' zeal In
keeping clean tinder such difficulties as something incomprehensible.
A British soldier shaving in great earnest,
While a bearded Belgian regards it as an
unnecessary waste of energy.
f
i
1
Page 455
The War Illustrated, 26th December, 1914.
Battlefield Comforts for Christmas Weather
Members of_ the Hamburg Landsturm as they
appear in their new winter fashions.
Not a native habitation in the tropics, but a colonel’s straw hut,
built by French soldiers behind the trenches at Soissons.
A German officer’s hut in the Aisne region, which looks rather more picturesque
than comfortable. It is adorned with a horse-shoe as a symbol of good luck.
Bath-room and every convenience, more or less, in a French
trench near Soissons, a hundred yards from the German lines.
Page 456
On the left, the arrival at a French base ol X-ray apparatus, indispensable in dealing with complicated wounds and locating bullets.
On the right, a fairly complete operating cabin, late a Paris auto—’bus, which used to ply between the Madeleine and the Place de la
Bastille, Its quick adaptation is another tribute to the ingenuity of our French allies.
Science is playing a greater part in me present war than ever before, as well in the breaking as in the mending of participants.
Everything that modern invention and advanced thought can do on behalf of the wounded is being done. The last photograph on
this page shows the interior of a Calais hospital and a French surgeon at work, assisted by some of the staff. ‘Many English and
French Society ladies are devoting themselves to the care of the wounded.
The War Illustrated , 26 th December, 1914.
Modern Science to the Rescue of Stricken Soldiers
Our allies’ simple but ingenious method of quickly conveying wounded soldiers
from one place to another. The idea has proved invaluable in practice.
Science is required in carrying wounded, a lack
of which would often have fatal results.
1
Page 45?
The War Illustrated, VSbth December, 1914.
Jarring French Notes in a German Band
An amusing story is told of General von Strauts, commanding
e German army of Metz. Having placed his band at the.dis-
isal of his staff, a concert took place every Thursday at Woel,
e General himself attending. French soldiers 1,200 yards
vay, hearing the strains of Wagner and Strauss, decided to vary
the programme with some artillery fire. Guns were ranged about
nine miles away. On the fourth Thursday, when the band com
menced, French shells fell with deadly precision ‘"6
musicians and audience. ‘ Generation Strauts beat a hasty retreat
in an ambulance, and the melody was somewhat broken.
The War Illustrated , 26^7* December, 1914.
Woman’s Diverse Activities in
Pago 458
War-time
Students of the Vere Street Ambulance College learning the art of signalling
which has proved of such service to women engaged at the front.
The wives of Pretoria citizens on their way to deliver up fire-arms to the
authorities, in compliance with the decree of martial law*
Princess Shakhovskaya, who holds the unique position
ot aerial scout in the Tsar’s north-western army.
Not the militants off to the front
Brigade marching along Regent
tinctly martial spirit, however, and
appearance here. The above photo-
‘ which their Victorian grandmothers
to fight the Hun, but members of the Church Girls’ Nursing and Ambulance
Street London, recently, to their own inspiriting music. They have a dis-
look well able to defend themselves if necessary when the Hun makes his belated
graphs tend to show that women are taking unusual interest in a sphere
would have regarded as exclusively masculine.
Pago 459
The War Illustrated, 26 th December, 1914.
Still they come!
Xmas Visitors from the Fatherland
Types of German prisoners who arrived recently at Southend
looks suspiciously like Christmas hampers in their possession ! As a rule
they are not sorry to escape from the firing line.
Longing 10 see ine wnne cima ui nawu .
Captured Huns who, like their brothers at Kiel, have
not yet found their sea-legs.
marching through Southend recently
‘a place in the sun,’* and not annoy
Some ot the one thousand German prisoners, among them many of the Imperial .ttuard,
on their way to det^t-on mouth otjho Ho^they
The War Illustrated, 26 th December, 1914.
Page 460
The Arch-Hun’s
Xmas Present to Civilisation
Kultur ” destroys the symbol of Christianity. The shattered figure of the Saviour
in the midst of the ruin caused by the German bombardment of Ypres.
William the Ruthless, the blasphemous
enemy of Civilisation and Christianity.
The tottering remnants of a priceless
mediaeval beauty. The ruined Halles
Tower at Ypres.
Face downward on the field of battle. A whole
platoon of French Zouaves completely wiped out
by German high-explosive shells.
Debris-strewn corner of Lille, where
much suffering is prevalent this Christ¬
mas through German villainy.
On the left the gruesome toll exacted by German shells in the streets of St. Laurent. On the right peasants at IVIorin standing before
what was once their homes. The scenes on this page speak eloquently for themselves. They represent the War Lord’s Christmas
gift to humanity, in exchange for which the world can only offer him the undying execration of posterity.
1
Page 461
Tha Wtir lllustruled, 2bl/t Dt ctmbtr. 1914.
Horrors that will Ring Down the Ages of Time
Death’s gleanings in the harvest-field. Dead German soldiers awaiting
ment by old French peasants. This photograph give3 a slight idea of the
frightful carnage due to the insane ideal of “ Deutschland uber Alles._
On the left the ghastly contents of a French trench after being shelled by German
artillery. On the right the house of a Red Cross doctor at Ypres literacy cut in two
by a shot from a German gun.
Belgian so.diers who lell in retaking Per.yso from tha Germans being buried in the
churchyard by civilians. The ruined church will be seen in the background.
German patrol inspecting the
handiwork of their brother-
Huns in East Prussia.
The TFar Illustrated, 26 th December, 1914.
Page 462
Some of our
NORMAN C. CRAIG, K.C., H. PAGE CROFT,
Unionist—Isle of Thanet. Unionist—Christchurch.
Warrior Legislators
Lieut.-Col. G. A. GIBBS. Maj. W. H. HOUGHTON-GASTRELL, W. G. C. GLADSTONE,
Unionist—Bristol. Unionist—Lambeth N. Liberal—Kilmarnock.
Capt. P. K. GLAZEBROOK,
Unionist—Manchester S.
F LEVERTON-HARRIS.
Unionist—Worcestershire E.
ROWLAND HUi\T,
Unionist—Ludlow.
Dr. CHARLES LEACH,
Liberal—Colne Valley.
H. GREENWOOD
Liberal—Sunderland.
Hon. R. E. C. L. GUINNESS,
Unionist—Essex S.E.
Hon. W. E. GUINNESS,
Unionist—Bury St. Edmunds.
Rt. Hon. L. HARDY,
Unionist—Ashford.
Major H. G. HENDERSON,
Unionist—Abingdon.
J. W. HILLS,
Unionist—Durham.
S. J. G. HOARE,
Unionist—Chelsea.
Major J. A. HOPE,
Unionist—Midlothian.
Capt. H. M. JESSEL.
Unionist—St. Pancras S.
EARL OF KERRY,
Unionist—Derbyshire W.
Major E. A. KNiGHT,
Unionist—Kidderminster.
Major R. C. A. McCALMONT,
Unionist—Antrim E.
Viscount LEWISHAM,
Unionist—West Bromwich.
Hen. J. C. LYTTLETON,
Unionist—Droitwich.
(Photos ly Hassell & Sons and Elliott & Fry.)
G. R. LANE-FOX,
Unionist—Barkston Ash.
Hon. F. W. S MCLAREN.
Liberal—Spalding.
Page 463
The War Illustrated, 26Ih December, 1914.
The Conspicuous Bravery of a French Private
J EAN BERGER, a volunteer private in the 2nd French
Infantry, found his colonel lying wounded in a recent
battle, and carried him to the rear. As he did so, a
wounded British officer called out. Jean returned to the
officer with a flask of wine. As he put the latter to the
wounded man’s lips, one bullet removed three of his own
fingers and another went through his body.
The two wounded men lay together, and after some time
a thirst-tortured wounded German who lay near them
begged for drink. They dragged themselves to him, poured
some water and wine between his lips—then both fainted.
Next morning the battle began again, and as a body of
Uhlans rode past, Berger appealed to their officer for a
drink. The latter saw the body of his dead countryman
with the empty French flask beside it. He read the whole
Story, and gave the two survivors food and drink, saluting
them as he left. Later in the day Berger managed to drag
the now-delirious British officer to the allied lines.
A French private and a British officer give their last drink to a dying German on the battlefield.
Tht lPar Illustrated, 26 th December , 1914.
HOW THE
WAR WAGES:
Pago 464
THE STORY OF THE
GREAT CONFLICT
TOLD WEEK BY WEEK
The Germans Swept from the High Seas
IF one were to be asked what was the most notable event
* of the weeks just passed, the answer would not be
the stcadilv-victorious advances along the widely-extended
front in France and Belgium, or the triumph of the Russian
forces in Poland and Galicia, or even the great Serbian
victory in expelling the Austrians and retaking Belgrade,
but the significant fact that Britannia still rules the waves
and has swept the Germans from the seas. The destruction
on December 8th of the German buccaneering squadron
under the command of Admiral Graf von Spee, off the
Falkland Islands, in the South Atlantic, by the British
fleet under Vice-Admiral Sir F. Dovcton Sturdes, after a
running fight lasting five hours, was even more complete
than indicated in our last impression, for later telegrams
showed that the Niirnbcrg was also sent to the bottom,
and that the total loss to our ships was only seven men
killed and four wounded, as against over 2 ,000 of the enemy,
including the admiral and all his officers.
* >1= * .
CONGRATULATIONS, of course, were showered upon
^ Admiral Sturdce and his gallant sailor-men from the
King and Adm ralty, and by the naval and military
authorities of all our allies. It was in acknowledging these
from Vice-Admiral R. Yashiro, Japanese Minister of Marine,
that Mr. Churchill, First Lord of the Admiralty, used the
remarkable expressions: “ That the peace of the Pacific
had been restored ; that the commerce of all nations could
proceed with safety throughout the vast expanse from the
coasts of Mozambique to those of South America ; that the
expulsion of the Gcimans from the East was complete :
and -that all this had been achieved with the powerful and
untiring assistance rendered by the Japanese Fleet, and
the co-operation of the Australian squadron.”
* * *
The East Coast Raid
"THE sequel to Admiral Sturdee’s crushing blow arrived
1 with dramatic suddenness. On the 16th inst.,
after several months’ comparative inactivity at Kiel, part of
the German Navy visited the East Coast-—not. however, to
attack a point of any military significance, but to shell
the undefended towns of Hartlepool, Scarborough, and
Whitby. The total loss of life, unfortunately, amounted
to eighty-one persons, and many more were wounded. The
object of the raid is open to conjecture. If to avenge
Von Spee by killing innocent civilians, it is typical of
German desperation and cowardice. On the other hand,
the attack may have been a strategic attempt to move the
strength of the British Fleet in order to clear the way
for a more concentrated German effort. Though the fact
that the enemy cruisers were able at all to escape the
vigilance of our Navy and the mine-strewn sea is very
disquieting.
Whatever may be the outcome of the raid, this country's
foretaste of the horrors of war as waged by the Kaiser’s
uniformed serfs in bombarding open towns is very timely.
It should be the greatest stimulus to recruiting and the
required incentive for John Bull, at home to sec that the
doom of the despicable Prussian is swift and sure. The last
important attack on our shores took place as long ago as
1667, when De Ruyter, commanding the Dutch Fleet,
raided the Thames and Sheerness.
* * *
A Turkish Battleship Torpedoed >
A DARING feat was accomplished on December 13th
^ by a British submarine, by which a blow was struck
at the Ottoman Navy that will be widely felt. Bn, under
the command of Lieut.-Commander Norman D. Holbrook,
entered the Dardanelles, and in spite of the difficult current,
dived under five rows of mines and torpedoed the Turkish
battleship Messudiyeh, which was guarding the mine-field.
When last seen the battleship was sinking by the stern.
Bn, returned to her base safely, although pursued by gun¬
fire and torpedo-boats, the escape being facilitated by re¬
maining submerged, on one occasion for nine hours.
The Western Campaign
YY/ITHOUT going into details, it may be said that the
” Germans during the week made repeated violent
attacks—three in one day—on the town of Ypres, but each
of them in succession was completely repulsed with great
losses to the enemy. The capture of the town of Staden,
ten miles north of Ypres, threatens the German occupation
of North-West Flanders. Progress has also been made in
the Argonne, on the Meuse, near St. Mihiel, while in the
Vosges on December 12th the enemy made a desperate
infantry assault on the French lines north-west of Senoncs,
but was gallantly repulsed.
* * *
The Eastern Theatre of War
IN Central Poland fierce German attacks from their
A entrenchments were made day and night on December
10th and nth, and N aga n on the 14th, on the Russian
lines between the Vistula and Wathe from llow to Lowicz ;
but these were repulsed after resolute bayonet charges,
with enormous losses to the enemy. Field-Marshal von
Iiindenburg developed a new plan of campaign, by an
attack on the Narcw River Russian fortifications, but in
that he failed. Ho then concentrated a portion of his
centre with all his recent re nforcemcnts from Germany,
and the troops hurriedly gathered from France and
Belgium, and launched them against the Russian west
wing in Western Galicia, south and east of Cracow. In
this move he also failed, as on December 10th and nth.
after stubborn fighting, the Russians drove the enemy
back, capturing many cannon and machine-guns, and
4,000 prisoners. The Austrians, in conjunction with troops
drawn from the Serbian border, are attempting to assume
the offensive in the Carpathian passes, the object being
to relieve Cracow and Przemysl.
The Serbians, under K ng Peter, followed up from
December 10th to 12th the retreating Austrians, forced
their right wing to cross the Drina, and re-entered Valjcvc
and Ushitza. The total losses of the Austrians arc
estimated at 50.000 men, including 28,000- prisoners,
70 guns, and 44 mitrailleuses. To the south of Belgra.de
the Serbians engaged three Austrian army corps, and after
a desperate battle drove them in great disorder across the
Danube and the Save, when the Serbian troops re-occupied
their ancient capital amid indescribable scenes of en¬
thusiasm. Practically all Serbian territory has now been
freed from the enemy except Shabatz and Loznica, whose
deliverance is imminent. King Peter and his princely sons
received the congratulations of all the Governments of
the Allies.
* # *
The Kaiser’s Illness and Gloom
YY/HAT a dramatic and yet pathetic scene that must
vv have been between the Kaiser and his eldest son
when, on the evening of December 8th, the Crown Prince
hurried from his headquarters at Stenay, in Poland, to his
father’s sick bedside. It is hard to gather the real truth
in regard to his Imperial Majesty’s mental and physical
condition. His personal physician, Surgeon-General Mcdner.
of course, declared to an interviewer on December 13th
that there was absolutely no ground for the alarming
reports current. His Majesty only suffered from a bronchial
catarrh, that he was now convalescent, and after a few
days’ rest would be able to go to the front in a week or ten
days. On the other hand, unofficial reports from Berlin
to Basle, on the 14th, assert that his chest trouble has
seriously affected his throat, and that an operation would
be necessitated. Such were the conflicting reports re¬
garding his father, the Emperor Frederick, on his sad
deathbed. In the secret chamber, without the presence
of confounded strategists and their subservient assurances
of imaginary victories, did these twain—father and son—
confess to each other the vanity of their visions of world
conquest, or still delude themselves, with the inflated
conceit of the amateur theologian, that God, their " Ally,”
would surely somehow come to their rescue, and that of
the broken and distracted Fatherland ?
iii
The War Illustrated , 26 th December , 1914-
You can make your weekly numbers of
The War Illustrated
into a great
ALBUM OF THE WAR
by binding them in the special
covers now being prepared
26 numbers in one volume
1 he publishers recognising ihe general wish
of rear'ers to po* e*» the weekly numners ol
“ The War Illustra'ed " in -t permanent form,
have prepared special binding cases of
artistic merit, great durability, and low cost.
These covers are made to take 26 weekly
numbers, so that one vo.ume will contain
the entire weekly numbers issued in six
months.
These official binding cases are obtainable
through newsagents at
1/6 each
or 1/9 post free
direct from the publishers
Title Page, Index,
and Frontispiece
The binding cases as sold will have an
artistic tit'e page and index as well as
a beautiful art colour plate of Admiral
Jellicoe’s portrait for use as a frontispiece.
Number 26 will contain
a Diary
of the War. Week by week the numbers
of “The War Illustrated*’ have had a list
of recent happenings printed on one of the
cover pages. In Number 26 the complete
diary of the war from its declaration will be
given in one ol the inside pag^s, so that the
diary will constitute one of the valuable
permanent features of the volume
All the back numbers are still
on sale. 11 your set is not complete you
should have it made complete at once.
Therefore, order any missing back numbers
at once.
ANY NEWSAGENT CAN SUPPLY YOU
(J 7 E-—The fitudoikerx supply the
binding cases, with antex. title page,
and tr port i an frontispiece, but
they do not do the work ot binding
thr numbers in the cases. This work
can he done cheaply by your local
bookbinder.
Get all the back numbers
so that you can make
the set from Numbers 1
to 26 into a great
ALBUM ,*£ WAR
PLAYER’S
J
Country Life
CIGARETTES
(MEDIUM STRENGTH)
Pure Virginia
Tobacco
lO FOH 2i d>
20 FOR 5 d '
50 FOR 1 ■»
Issued by the Imperial Tobacco Co.
,of Great Dritain and Ireland), I.td.
there’s still time—
to get the FLAY BOX ANNUAL before
Christmas, and after all it’s the best thing you could
have got for a child’s present, even if you had
thought of it weeks ago. It has 200 pages of
stories, and over 300 pictures, many of them in full
colours. Strongly bound and printed on thick
art paper, it is a book which will last for years.
Price 3/6. For any child it is
an ideal Christmas Gift
Iv
The War Illustrated.
2 GU 1 December, 1914 -
Christmas Eve in the Trenches
How Merry Christmas-makers at Home Can Remember
You who arc^preparing .to make a MjL-rry, week of-the “ Somethin"-to-Smoker” -Fund "if
Christmas at home, ^think of the man who is our readers-will.regard it with the true C'hrist-
fighting your hatths for \y>u ih'tl'C sITell-swepf mas "spirit. It would he a fine thing if “the
trenches in Flanders. In the midst of the amounts sent.in, or collected, in Christmas
festivities of- the season let your thoughts week should prove to be a record.since the
turn to the man who for weeks and months fund began. Those who are collecting should
has daily faced and endured the most agonising make a point of taking their cards to all
discomforts and privations. - •- Christmas parties they attend, and it would
Our - ‘ Something-to-Sinokc ” Fund has be strange if at such a time all those who
done much to alleviate the lot of our brave are asked to contribute did not open their
defenders. It is a pity all our readers cannot purse-stringy freely.
see the actual letters we receive from com- The”great advantage of the* War Illu-
manding officers expressing grateful thanks for strated “ Something-to-Sinoke ” Fund is that
their kindness in supplying their men with so much can be given for so little outlay. As
smokes. YVe can reproduce the actual words we have already explained, by sending the
of thanks they use, but the actual letters,
themselves,. written hastily.^ in pencil on poor
scraps of paper, bring home the reality of the
thing more 'than any 'mere ovords can do.
But very much more might be made this
tobacco , and cigarettes from a bonded ware¬
house no duty has to be paid, so that for every
sixpence contributed by the pedpie at home,
Tommy at the front gets no less, than one-
and-sixpence worth of smokes.
Tommy at the Frpnt
- Will you "please send " your postal orders
addressed To: - «
The War Illustrated
/* Something-to-Smoke, ” Fund,
I The Fleetway House,
Farringdon Street;
London, EX’.
Those who cannot. give lArgc amounts
themselves can do a great deal by collecting
from "tlicir friends. A collecting-card will
be sent you by return if you write and tell us
you will be able to use it. We are going to
present a handsome watch, worth two guineas,
to the boy or girl between the ages of twelve
and sixteen who collects the most sixpences
while any boy or girl, between the same ages,
who collects not less than £ 5 , will receive a
watch eM^s^value. Further particulars of
this offer will be found oil page iii of cover.
Amounts Received during the Thirteenth Week of the Fund
Special Collections
Master Leith Barrow, £7 7s. ; Miss T. Holden,
£5 5s. ; Mrs. Collett, £5 2s. 6d. ; Major \V. II.
Holden. £5 ; Mrs. T. i). Lang, £5 : Yliss K. Hough,
£4 ; Mr. Donald Macauley, £3 15s. 6d. ; Miss F.
Douglas, £3 10s. ; Mr. 15. Chesworth, £2 12s ;
Miss Bene Smythc, £2 7s. 6d. ; Mr. T. YV. Corby,
£2 5s. 2d. ; Miss J. Mitchell, £2 5s. ; Miss Elsie
Kensey. £2 Is. ; Mr. Jas. Howlcy, £2 ; Mr. 15:
Lomas, £2 ; Miss Jeaiinie Sinailes, £1 17s. ; Miss
K. Parks, £1 13s. 9d. ; Miss K.’Warr, £1 13s. 9d. ;
Miss \. E.-Foster. £1 i2s. 6d. ; Miss M. 15. Bartlett,
£1 12s.'; Miss Jean A. S. Heriot, £1 11s. 6d. ;
Miss Daisy If. Ell wood, £1 11s. ;’Yliss (E YVhite,
£1 10s.*6d. ;• Miss A..Braid, £1 10s. ; Mrs. J. 15.
stead. £1 10s. ; Master It. Taylor, £1 10s. ; Miss
Joan 15. Chambers, £1 9s. 6d. ; Miss F. Linden,
£1 8s. 6dr;. Miss F. Carter, £l-7s. 6d. ; Miss E.
Dann. ,£l 5s. ; Mr. 15. Hearn, £1 5s. ; Miss D. E. A.
Parkliurst, £1 4s. 6d. ; '• Miss Maggie- Pattison,
£1 3s.. 6d. : Miss M. Richards, £1 as. ; Mr. YV.
Spence, £1 3s. ; Mr. H. C. Wise, £1 2s.';* Mrs.
If. Brummago, £1 Is. Id. ; Miss’ Annie Edwards,
£1 Is. ; Mr. Clark, £1 Os. Id. ; Miss E. Bailey, £1 ;
Mr. Harry Beaton £1 ; Mr. J. Cox,’ £1 ; Miss
Maggie Diss. £1 ; Mr. Ernest E. Henderson,” £1 ;
Mr. s. Hey wood, £1 ; Mrs. F. Smart, £1 ; Mr.
X. Woolstern, £1 ; Mr. If. It. Kerlogne, 19s. 6d. ;
Mrs. W.• Heifer; 18s.* 6d.* Mr.'A. Smith, 18s. fid. ;
Miss Fletcher, 18s. ; Miss B. Preston. £1 17s. 10d. ;
Miss L. Thompson. 17s. 6d. ; Mr. Ray Rochlilf,
1/s. 3d. ; Mr. Jas. Malings, 17s ; Miss \ r . Gibson,
15s. ; Mr. J. YV. Daines, 14s. 6d. ; Mr. Allred Hope,
14s. 6d. ; Mr. YV. Hardy, 14s. ; Miss C. Binks,
13s. 6d. ; Ylrs. S. YV. Hart. 11s. ; Mr. YVm. .Jack,
11s. ; Mr. YV. A. E. Hewitt. 10s. 6d. ; Miss D.
Nuttall, 103. 6d. ; Master Artlmr Andrew, 10s. ;
Mr. D. (J. McDonald, 10s. ; Messrs. It. Humphrey
and A. Poston, 10s. ; Mrs. C. Upton, 10s. ; Miss
E. M. Wimble, 10s. ; Mr. F. Howes, 9s. ; Miss
Clara Riding, 9s. ; Mr. A. J. Macpherson. 8s. 3d. ;
Nurse Lee, 8s. ; Miss M. Roche, 7s. 9d. ; Mr.
Arthur E. Baines, 7s. 6d. ; Mr. A. C Manson,
7s. 6d. ; Miss Robin Heseltinc, 7s. ; Miss F. Webb,
6s. 7d. ; Sergt. G. Greer, 6s. 6d. ; Miss J. Howarth,
6s. 4d. ; Miss Aggie Saunders, 5s. 6d. ; Miss E.
Andrews, 5s. 3d. ; Miss E. Builen, 5s. ; Mr. B.
Cartwrignt, 5s. ; Mr. J. Reed, 5s. ; Master Robin¬
son. 5s. ; Miss G. Spears, 5s. ; Messrs. I,. Hcbden
and W. Daggett, 4s. 6d. ; Mr. T. Hardcastle, 3s. ;
Miss Flora Mitchell 2s. 6d.
Donations
School, near Weston-super-Mare); YV. G. Cowli-
shaw ; Samuel Hewett ; per E. J. Page ; Mrs.
Thompson Smith.
2 Donations of 17s. 6d.~70 presents for
soldiers.
Collected by A. YV. Barrett ; per Thos. C. Hunkin
(from-37 scholars and the teachers of landulph
Schop]. 11 att .• Cornwall).
1 Donation of 16s. 32 presents foi* soldiers.
Per Miss Margaret YVatson. lieadmistress (from
the boys of Melton Ross C.15. Sch.ool, Grimsby).
4 Donations of 12s. 6d. 100 presents for
soldiers.
Miss P. Paton and Mrs. YV. Pa ton; per Thos.
C. Brown ; Maurice Gledhill; collected by Annie
Be^Pock. . * •
2 Donations of 12s. 48 presents for soldiers.
E. Barton ; collected by Miss Amy YV. Petrie.
11 Donations of 10s. 220 presents for
soldiers.
Ethel Gorlmgeour ; collected by Mrs. John
Dixon ; per Miss E. >1: Pirn ; collected by Ethel
Tiiiclale (5th donation) ; Irma’Brook (2nd donation),
Pita JJrookr and Paula Be Meza; collected by
B._.C’lark; per Mrs C. • Blanchard (the boys'of
Standard, II., St. Agatha's Boys’ School, Ports¬
mouth); per "A. “ Bradley (Mrs. Jas. Holden,
Russia); Miss Gertrude Forde ; YV. H. Xettlcton ;
Mr. and Mrs...Parsons.and Miss W. Parsons.
2 Donations of 8s. 32 presents for soldiers.
Collected by L. YV. King, F. J. Hossack. and
Edgar Bridge ; A few lady teachers, East School,
Paisley.
4 Donations of 7s. 6d.=-60 presents for
soldiers.
Collected by Mrs. Bain from Class \\, Millbank
Boys' School, Westminster; P. Hamper (2nd
donation); collected by M. YVebster; Dalton
and Bray.
3 Donations of 7s. 42 presents for soldiers.
Per Mrs. M. P. Staniland ; C. H. Staveley ;
collected by Edith and May Rusius by selling
lavender bags.
1 Donation of 6s. 6d. 13 presents for
soldiers.
Mrs. T. Spey.
3 Donations of 6s. — 36 presents for soldiers.
/Jack Taylor ; per R. Milliken (from the pupils of
Lindsay Road Boys and (iirls’ School, Dublin,
4th donation); collected by Louie Hunter (aged 11)
by painting and selling flags.
1 Donation of 5s. 6d.—11 presents for
soldiers. K , ,
Mavis Sefton Constall.
42 Donations of 5s. 420 presents
soldiers.
Chr. Lendtner, of Stavanger ; Y\\ Dobson ;
and Misses Frith ; Mr., Mrs., and Leonard Fellows ;
Miss YI. Horton; per Annie Jones (Mr. J.
O'Callaghan, of The Oetogon, Westport, eo. Mayo) ;
for
Mrs.
1 Donation of £7 280 presents for soldiers.
Collected by Miss Belle Maidt.
1 Donation of £6 Is. 6d. 243 presents for
soldiers.
CollectecLby.rMaria A. Alemanv. Trinidad.
1 Donation of £2 18s. 116 presents for
1 ,. t ®° ,c ! i . ers * , Thomas Brooke Kemp ; Mrs. Ormandey ; A Well-
r Collected bj Joe Robinson, Delaware County, wishing. Friend. Leylaiul; Mrs. Paling; Mr. and
1 Donation of £2 8s. -=96 presents for soldiers.
Mrs. Amy Hamlet. *
1 Donation,of £2 80 presents for soldiers.
Miss Barnard— . —*•
1 Donation of £1 13s.^66 presents for
soldiers.
Miss Barnard.
1 Donation of £1 IO 3 .—60 presents for
soldiers.
Mrs. S. Hy. Spencer; YV. A. Clark ; YVinifred
Connelly; , Mr. and Mrs. F. Guest; Mrs. E.
Hainerton; Mr. J. A. Hamer and Mr. YV. YVain-
wright ; per Mrs. Sherratt (proceeds of a sale of
painted postcards sold by Emily Sherratt. aged 7,
and Alice Birks. aged 7); Mr. .YE Schofield; Mr.
and Mrs. 1*. Taylor ; Winnie, Harold, and Reggie ;
Hy. J. Barnett ; Mrs. Jas. Bartlett; A. E. Brown ;
Miss Gladys Brown ; Mrs. Blyth ; J. S. Cooper ;
Per Mr;. L. Mochree (from Cairo nurses and
friends).
1 Donation of £1 8s. 9d« = 57 presents for
soldiers.
Collected by E. Lucie Litten, Mass., U.S.A.
1 Donation of £1 5s. 50 presents for soldiers.
Mrs. s. A. Johnson.
7 Donations of £1 280 presents for soldiers.
Mrs. E. Goble ; collected by Mary Chirrey, Kate
Morgan, Maggie Dunn ; per II. M. Pinton, assistant-
mistress (from the children of Kewstoke Council
Jas. S. Cuthbertson : Ylrs. Daniel: Miss Elmes
(India) and Mrs. Eckersley ; Miss E. May Gale;
F. F. Graham ; Mrs. R: Harris : per Margaret
Henderson (Ivan, Allie, and Lesly Henderson);
E. G. I. ; “ Mother ” ; Alice YI. YI. Nichols ; M.
Rowland ; Mrs. J. Simcock ; per YE B. Smyth
(Elisa Smyth, aged 12, and Elena Smyth, aged 10);
collected by YI. J. Swift; J. Watts ; Miss N.
YVilkinson. Miss I). A. Lawrence, Mrs. E. 35. Mere¬
dith, and Mr. N. H. YIeredith).
11 Donations of 4s. -88 presents for soldiers.
YV. J. Brooks ; Mr. and Mrs. Draft ; Miss
Jessie Sellens ; Yliss YE R. Smith ; E. II. Hillman
Alex. ' Angilley ; Mrs.' E. Edwards ; Yiiss E.
Lawson ; George Irvin ; Ylrs. C. E. Solomon and
family ; collected by E. W arner.
10 Donations of 3s. 6d. 70 presents for
soldiers.
Lucy Davies; Mrs. A. Harrison; per Jos.'YV.
YVhitehouse (a few ‘shopnales, Walsall, Uh
donation—R; S. Bridge, Miss E. Nash, (J. smith,
and Ylrs. Graves); YJss Ethel Ilaylett ; Yirs. ,s.
Holgate; (2nd donation); , per Y.is. A. Hunter;
collected by Ylrs. C. F. King ; Yliss C. YI. bcn.n.er-
ville ; per A. Dennison.
17 Donations of 3s. 102 presents for soldiers.
Yliss Florrie Bittlestone ; Yiiss Edith Ccche
(lass Y r .. (ampslourne Girls’ .School, Picrrsey, N.
Ylay and Teddie ; Yiiss Stacy ; Yiiss Kate bheiidan ;
Yliss Simmons ; J. Blackburn ; YE A. Catlii g ; per
Ylrs. Williams; Ylrs. Jas. Yiuir and Yiiss La vies ;
Ylrs. Young's children ; Ylrs. Binns ; Y.is. Bart;
Ylrs. K. Ylcl'avish ; collected by Yiiss Nellie biuye ;
-All Wain. *
46 Donations of 2s. 6d.^230 presents for
- • soldiers.
Y\ r . .T. Cole; E. Cane; A Friend; Ylrs. L.
Jefferies ; J. H. Savage ; “ E- S.” ; Gladys Smith ;
Bryan H. Shaw (aged 12); Yliss E. Shouler;
Rose Fraser, Yliss A. YlcMcol, and Yliss Mary
Thomson; Yliss F. Beeton; 15. Cooper; Y.rs.
Foote, Ylr. B. Foote, Yliss L. Foote, Yiiss YI. Foote,
and Ylr. ‘W. Foote; Ylay Honeysett ; W 111 .
Sensecall; Yliss Gladys Tapper; Yliss Kao
Williams; Annie Birch; N. Dadswell; H.
Gardham ; per Yliss Stennett (a Sunday-school
class); A. Banner, Yliss E. Breasey ; Yiiss’ E. C.
Burrows; T. Campbell; Yliss Clark Couper;
per (). Forsyth (Owen and Catherine Forsyth, aged
8 and 10 respectively); Geo. Gray; collected by
Yliss A. Hodgson ; W . 15. Hewitt; 15. Max Hawley ;
Edith Hopwood (aged 12) ; Ylrs. A. Hosker ; Y.iss
Nellie RanHlton; ~ Ylrs. Audrey Pugh-Jones';
Ivor W. Lloyd : Fred Rushworth ; J. YI. Richings ;
Yliss A. E. Smith ; Ylr. and Ylrs. J. Arthur 'lilston
and Ylary Tilston (aged 4) ; G. Tomlinson, juh. ;
collected by Edna-'longue ; R. J). Underwood:
per Ylrs. YI. 15. Addecott (Eva J. White) ; Laura
Wilson; A. Wade; E.'Ward.
56 Donations of 2s. - 224 presents for
soldiers.
Marian (aged 8) and Harold Brown (aged C);
Bertram and Ylay (rone; Ernest Drake; R. A.
Gregory ; H. Hutchings ; Ylrs. Jas. J. C. Lander ;
YI. C. N. ; Peggy, Bettie. and Ylolly Purser ; Yirs.
Rumbles ; Ylrs. Rapley; John Smith, Alexander
Smith, Annie Smith Blackwood, and Anne Y.ill
Smith ; Ylrs. Wright; Yliss A. Carter ; Yiiss Owen
and Yliss Osborne ; W. Short ; R. C. Tanner ;
Ylr. Arthur Taylor; Yliss YE Webb; Ylrs. Weir;
J. 1). Weir; Yliss K. Wicks; E. Wilson; per
H. J. Gould (the assistants of London House);
•Miss'-1,.-Gough-and Yliss D. Bryant; Eric Cox;
Miss 15. Edwards ; W illie Kllieott (aged 10), col¬
lected by painting postcards ; Ylrs. A. B. Foster;
H. J. : Ylr. and Ylrs. Mountain ; Alicia YI. Price ;
Yliss G. Petit: A.* J. Smith; W. Swain; C. E.
Blake ; Ylr. and Ylrs. S. Edward Attwood ; Ylr.
and Ylrs. A. Ayers ; Albert Dickinson (aged 16),
by painting and selling flags; Four Friends;
Emma ancl R. H. Foster : Yliss L. Prince and Yirs.
J. I'oulkes ; Yliss S. IE Greenwood ; J. Harland ;
Yliss Margaret Lee and Yliss Doris Lee ; Yiiss Ylay
Laurenson : Ylrs. A. Lowe ; From Yloar, Britain
Orkney; Miss’Ylay Mansell; per Eva Olford
(C. Egli, Switzerland); Yliss Grace E. Prior ; Yiiss
N. Reason ; Yliss YI. Riley and Yliss B. Rigby;
Ylrs. Shepherd ; C. M. Slieldou; Thos. Short; Yiiss
E. A. Tozeland.
21 Donations of Is. 6d."|
58 „ ,, Is. }•—226 presents for
47 „ ,, 6d. ) suldie:s.
for which we thanK the donors, but wh cn space
does'nol allow us to auknowledre indiv dua Iv.
Publi linrl hv rnnlnA^ , ^ b, A lsl '^ bv . th f. Amalgamated PRESS, Limited, The Fleet way House,* FarrlAgdon’' Street,* London, E.C.
-,nd MnntroH 1 J i Ax ^ ra ha-aud^cw.-/eaUnd j-by the Central News Agency, Ltd., in South Africa ;-and The Imperial News Co., Toronto
an 1 Montreal in Canada, A'.Ucrhscr/u nt upvheation * should be made to the Advertisement Manager , The Fleetway House, Fanvnjdon Street, London, EX',
lvegistcrcd as a newspaper., and registered for the Canadian Magazine Post, ' N
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